CN112679252A - Full-automatic multilayer assembled turning plate type aerobic composting device - Google Patents
Full-automatic multilayer assembled turning plate type aerobic composting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112679252A CN112679252A CN202110160395.1A CN202110160395A CN112679252A CN 112679252 A CN112679252 A CN 112679252A CN 202110160395 A CN202110160395 A CN 202110160395A CN 112679252 A CN112679252 A CN 112679252A
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- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 32
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The utility model relates to a full-automatic board-like good oxygen composting device that turns over of multilayer equipment relates to the field of composting device, include the compost case and be used for carrying the compost mixture extremely feeding device in the compost incasement, the compost case includes bottom confined bottom case, installs middle level case on the bottom case and installation upper end confined top layer case on the middle level case, middle level case is provided with two at least, every middle level case lower extreme all is provided with turns over board bearing mechanism, the feed inlet has been seted up to top layer case upper end, bottom case lower extreme intercommunication has the discharging pipe, install the discharge valve on the discharging pipe, feeding device one end stretches into be used for transporting the compost mixture extremely in the feed inlet department. The compost fermentation device has the effects of reducing the occupied area during compost fermentation and improving the field environment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of composting devices, in particular to a full-automatic multi-layer assembled turning plate type aerobic composting device.
Background
Aerobic composting is the process of decomposing, oxidizing and converting organic matters by aerobic microorganisms under aerobic conditions. The aerobic composting is widely applied due to the investment saving, simple process and high reduction degree.
At present, strip-stack type composting equipment is mainly adopted in domestic aerobic composting projects, but the composting equipment has the defects of large occupied area, poor field environment and the like, and the market application of the composting equipment is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the occupied area during compost fermentation and improve the field environment, the application provides a full-automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over plate type aerobic composting device.
The application provides a full-automatic board-turning type aerobic composting device of multilayer equipment adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a full-automatic multilayer equipment turn over board-like good oxygen composting device, includes the compost case and is used for carrying compost mixture extremely feeding device in the compost incasement, the compost case includes bottom confined bottom case, installs middle level case on the bottom case and install upper end confined top layer case on the middle level case, middle level case is provided with two at least, every middle level case lower extreme all is provided with turns over board bearing mechanism, the feed inlet has been seted up to top layer case upper end, bottom case lower extreme intercommunication has the discharging pipe, install the discharge valve on the discharging pipe, feeding device one end stretches into be used for in the feed inlet transporting compost mixture extremely feed inlet department.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the compost is fermented, can carry the compost mixture to the feed inlet on the top layer case through the feeding device to fall into a middle level case that is located the top, pile up on the board bearing mechanism that turns over of this middle level bottom of the case portion. When the compost mixture in a middle layer box on the upper part is fermented for a set time, the turning plate bearing mechanism can be turned over, so that the compost mixture falls into the middle layer box on the lower part to continue to be fermented, the conveying device can convey a new compost mixture into the middle layer box on the upper part, the device can simultaneously ferment the compost mixtures in different compost stages, the occupied area is small, and the whole fermentation is carried out in the compost box, so the field environment is greatly improved, and the operation efficiency is very high.
Optionally, the feeding device comprises a horizontal screw conveyor and a vertical screw conveyor, the horizontal screw conveyor comprises a horizontal feeding pipe which is horizontally arranged, a first screw conveying shaft which is rotatably connected in the horizontal feeding pipe, and a first motor which is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal feeding pipe and is used for driving the first screw conveying shaft to rotate; vertical screw conveyer is in including perpendicular intercommunication horizontal conveying pipe is kept away from the vertical conveying pipe of first motor one end, is rotated second auger delivery axle and the rigid coupling of connection in vertical conveying pipe and is in vertical conveying pipe upper end is used for the drive second auger delivery axle pivoted second motor, the intercommunication has the feeder hopper on the horizontal conveying pipe lateral wall, vertical conveying pipe upper end intercommunication has the inlet pipe, the inlet pipe is kept away from the one end of vertical conveying pipe is located the feed inlet directly over.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the pay-off, directly place the compost mixture that needs the fermentation in the feeder hopper, the compost mixture will directly arrive in the horizontal conveying pipeline to carry to the one end with vertical conveying pipeline intercommunication through first auger delivery axle, then carry to the inlet pipe through the second auger delivery axle in, and fall to the feed inlet on the top layer case under its self action of gravity.
Optionally, the lower end of the discharge pipe is communicated into the horizontal conveying pipe, the lower end of the vertical conveying pipe is provided with a discharge port for discharging finished compost mixture to the outside, and the lower end of the vertical conveying pipe is provided with a material cleaning valve for controlling the on-off state of the discharge port at the discharge port.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the material loading, clear material valve is closed, when the fermentation completion needs unload, open clear material valve, the compost mixture in the compost case can be directly through in the discharging pipe reachs horizontal conveying pipeline to by first auger delivery axle carry to vertical conveying pipeline in, then the operation second auger delivery axle is rotatory, and the rotation direction when rotation direction and material loading is opposite, can discharge the material in the vertical conveying pipeline from the discharge gate through the second auger delivery axle. And the discharging pipe is communicated to the horizontal conveying pipe, so that the fermented compost mixture can be conveyed to the compost box again, the back mixing is realized, the fermentation speed of the compost mixture is accelerated, and the fermentation efficiency is greatly improved.
Optionally, the turning plate bearing mechanism comprises a plurality of rotating shafts rotatably connected to two opposite sides inside the compost bin and bearing plates fixedly connected to each rotating shaft.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can support the compost mixture through the bearing plate, fix the position of compost mixture in the middle level case, when the compost mixture that will ferment and accomplish moves to next layer middle level case or when the compost mixture that will ferment and accomplish is discharged, directly rotate the axis of rotation, the axis of rotation will drive the bearing plate rotation of rigid coupling with it, thereby can move the compost mixture to next fermentation link, also can make the even unloading that falls of compost mixture simultaneously, realize the secondary of material and mix even and stir, accomplish the unloading procedure that falls from supreme successive layer down until each layer material.
Optionally, a gap is left between two adjacent bearing plates.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, on the basis of guaranteeing to support the compost mixture, can also realize the aeration of ventilation between each layer, realize the aeration oxygen suppliment and the evaporation moisture to the compost mixture.
Optionally, an air inlet pipe is communicated with the side wall of each middle layer box, the air inlet pipe is located on the lower side of the turning plate bearing mechanism, and the upper end of each middle layer box is communicated with an air exhaust and deodorization pipe.
By adopting the technical scheme, the air entering from the air inlet pipe can directly reach the compost mixture through the gap between the two adjacent bearing plates, so that the aeration and oxygen supply to the compost mixture are improved.
Optionally, each air inlet pipe is provided with an electric air inlet valve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe and the air inlet quantity of the air inlet pipe can be controlled through the electric air inlet valve.
Optionally, be provided with rotary distributor in the top layer case, rotary distributor is connected including rotating dwang and the drive of top layer case upper end dwang pivoted third motor, the rigid coupling has the pole of scraping on the dwang.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the compost mixture enters into a middle level incasement that is located the top, start the third motor, the third motor will drive the dwang and rotate, and the dwang will drive and scrape the pole at middle level incasement rotation to the compost mixture that will drop to the middle level incasement pushes away the tie, makes everywhere compost mixture thickness unanimously basically, and everywhere fermentation is more even.
Optionally, the dwang rigid coupling is in scrape the pole intermediate position, scrape the equal rigid coupling in pole both ends and have the extension bar, the extension bar is the elastic rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because middle level case is whole to be the rectangle case, when the dwang drives to scrape the pole and rotate, the position of four angle departments of middle level case will be unable to be scraped off, the setting of extension bar, make when scraping the pole and rotate, the extension bar can be crooked and with the inner wall butt of middle level case, when scraping the pole and rotating to four angle departments of middle level case, the extension bar also is in middle level incasement wall department of butt all the time under its self elasticity effect, thereby make middle level case everywhere's compost mixture can both be shaked out.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the stacking of the multiple middle-layer boxes can increase the stacking height of compost mixtures, reduce the floor area during compost fermentation, realize automatic feeding by the feeding device, facilitate the operation and greatly improve the operation efficiency;
2. the modular design of the multilayer box body is beneficial to the standardized production of equipment and is convenient to transport and install.
3. The adoption turns over board bearing mechanism, has solved the compost system cloth uneven, turns over the problem that the heap energy consumption is high, and scientific aeration seam design can realize even aeration again simultaneously, is favorable to the fermentation of good oxygen compost system even, and the process is controllable.
4. The discharge pipe is communicated with the transverse conveying pipe, so that the transverse conveying pipe can simultaneously realize the feeding, the discharging and the back mixing of compost mixture, and the operation is more flexible;
5. the arrangement of the rotary distributor can flatten the compost mixture conveyed into the middle box, so that the compost mixture in the middle box can be more uniformly fermented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the inner structure of the compost bin.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which the extension bar is bent.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals: 1. composting; 11. a bottom layer box; 111. a discharge pipe; 112. a discharge valve; 12. a middle layer box; 121. an air inlet pipe; 122. an air exhaust and deodorization pipe; 13. a top box; 131. a feed inlet; 14. an electric air intake valve; 2. a feeding device; 21. a transverse screw conveyor; 211. a horizontal feed delivery pipe; 212. a first screw conveying shaft; 213. a first motor; 214. a feed hopper; 22. a longitudinal screw conveyor; 221. a vertical conveying pipe; 222. a second screw conveying shaft; 223. a second motor; 23. a feed pipe; 24. a discharge port; 25. a material cleaning valve; 3. a panel turnover bearing mechanism; 31. a rotating shaft; 32. a bearing plate; 321. a gap; 33. a drive member; 331. a drive motor; 332. a rotating gear; 333. a reversing gear; 4. a rotary distributor; 41. rotating the rod; 42. a third motor; 43. a scraping rod; 44. and (5) lengthening the rod.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a full-automatic multi-layer assembled turning plate type aerobic composting device. Referring to fig. 1, the aerobic composting apparatus includes a compost bin 1 and a feeding device 2 for feeding compost mixture into the compost bin 1. Wherein, the compost box 1 comprises a bottom box 11 with a closed bottom end, a cylindrical middle box 12 arranged at the upper end of the bottom box 11 and a top box 13 with a closed upper end and arranged at the upper end of the middle box 12. A feed inlet 131 is formed in the upper end of the top box 13, one end of the material conveying device 2 extends into the feed inlet 131 and is used for conveying compost mixture to the compost box 1 from the feed inlet 131, a discharge pipe 111 is communicated with the bottom end of the bottom box 11, and a discharge valve 112 is mounted on the discharge pipe 111. The compost mixture to be fermented is conveyed into the compost box 1 through the material conveying device 2 for fermentation, and the fermented compost mixture is discharged from the discharge pipe 111.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, at least two middle layer boxes 12 are provided, the number of the middle layer boxes 12 can be selected according to actual conditions for assembly, three middle layer boxes 12 are provided for illustration in the application, and two adjacent middle layer boxes 12 can be connected through flanges and the like, so that the fast assembly of the aerobic composting device can be realized, and the standardized production of products is facilitated. During transportation, a plurality of middle layer boxes 12 can be directly transported, field assembly is carried out during use, transportation is very convenient, inconvenience caused by transportation of large parts is avoided, and transportation cost is greatly reduced.
The bottom of each middle-layer box 12 is provided with a turning plate bearing mechanism 3, the turning plate bearing mechanisms 3 can divide a plurality of middle-layer boxes 12, compost mixture entering from the feeding hole 131 directly falls into one middle-layer box 12 above and is accumulated on the turning plate bearing mechanism 3 at the bottom of the middle-layer box 12, and the compost mixture is prevented from continuously falling downwards. When the compost mixture in the middle layer box 12 above is fermented for a set time, the turning plate bearing mechanism 3 in the middle layer box 12 above is directly operated to turn, and the compost mixture can be poured into the middle layer box 12 at the lower layer for continuous fermentation. At this time, the material conveying device 2 can continue to convey the compost mixture to be fermented to the middle layer box 12 positioned above, and when materials are all in the middle layer boxes 12, the falling and blanking procedures of the compost mixtures of each layer can be completed layer by layer according to the sequence from bottom to top, and the processes are circulated in sequence.
Referring to fig. 2, the feeding device 2 includes a horizontal screw conveyor 21 and a vertical screw conveyor 22.
The horizontal screw conveyor 21 comprises a horizontal conveying pipe 211 which is horizontally arranged, a first screw conveying shaft 212 which is rotatably connected in the horizontal conveying pipe 211 and a first motor 213 which drives the first screw conveying shaft 212 to rotate, and the side wall of the horizontal conveying pipe 211 is also communicated with a feed hopper 214. Wherein, one end of the horizontal conveying pipe 211 is closed, the first motor 213 is fixedly connected with the outside of the closed end of the horizontal conveying pipe 211, the feed hopper 214 is positioned at one end of the horizontal conveying pipe 211 close to the feed hopper 214, the compost mixture to be fermented is directly placed in the feed hopper 214, reaches the horizontal conveying pipe 211 through the feed hopper 214 and is conveyed to the open end of the horizontal conveying pipe 211 through the first spiral conveying shaft 212.
The longitudinal screw conveyor 22 comprises a vertical feed delivery pipe 221 vertically fixedly connected to the open end of the horizontal feed delivery pipe 211, a second screw conveying shaft 222 rotatably connected to the inside of the vertical feed delivery pipe 221, and a second motor 223 driving the second screw conveying shaft 222 to rotate, wherein an inner hole of the vertical feed delivery pipe 221 is communicated with the horizontal feed delivery pipe 211, the upper end of the vertical feed delivery pipe 221 is closed, the second motor 223 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical feed delivery pipe 221, and an output shaft of the second motor 223 penetrates through the closed end of the vertical feed delivery pipe 221 and is fixedly connected with the second screw conveying shaft 222. The compost mixture transported to the open end of the horizontal feed pipe 211 by the first conveying screw 212 is directly introduced into the vertical feed pipe 221 and transported to the upper end of the vertical feed pipe 221 by the second conveying screw 222.
The outer wall of the vertical conveying pipe 221 is communicated with a feeding pipe 23, the feeding pipe 23 is positioned at the upper part of the vertical conveying pipe 221, one end, far away from the vertical conveying pipe 221, of the feeding pipe 23 extends into the feeding hole 131, compost mixture at the upper end of the vertical conveying pipe 221 is conveyed by the second spiral conveying shaft 222, is directly discharged from the discharging pipe 111, reaches the top layer box 13 from the feeding hole 131, and reaches a middle layer box 12 at the upper end under the action of gravity, and feeding work is completed. The feed hopper 214 can accommodate 200 and 500kg of compost, and the feed hopper 214 is arranged to temporarily store and continuously feed the compost.
The whole bottom layer box 11 is in an inverted quadrangular pyramid shape, and the discharge pipe 111 is communicated to the conical tip of the quadrangular pyramid, so that finished products can be conveniently output; one end of the discharge pipe 111, which is far away from the bottom box 11, is communicated to the inside of the horizontal delivery pipe 211, meanwhile, a discharge hole 24 is formed at the lower end of the vertical delivery pipe 221, a material cleaning valve 25 is installed at the discharge hole 24 at the lower end of the vertical delivery pipe 221, and the material cleaning valve 25 is located at the lower side of the horizontal delivery pipe 211. Under normal state, the material cleaning valve 25 is in a closed state, compost mixture arrives at the horizontal conveying pipe 211 from the feed hopper 214, arrives at the vertical conveying pipe 221 through the first spiral conveying shaft 212, and then is conveyed to the discharge pipe 111 through the second spiral conveying shaft 222 and arrives at the compost bin 1, so that feeding work is realized. After the fermentation of the compost mixture in the compost box 1 is completed, the discharge valve 112 and the material cleaning valve 25 are opened at the same time, the compost finished products in the compost box 1 reach the horizontal conveying pipe 211 from the discharge pipe 111 and reach the vertical conveying pipe 221 through the first spiral conveying shaft 212, then the second spiral conveying shaft 222 is operated to rotate, the rotating direction is opposite to that during the loading, the compost finished products can be conveyed through the second spiral conveying shaft 222 and discharged from the discharge port 24, and the discharging operation is realized.
Since the finished compost after fermentation contains more beneficial bacteria and has less water content, and the compost to be fermented contains no beneficial bacteria and has higher water content, a longer time is required when the compost is conveyed into the middle-layer box 12 for fermentation. Therefore, when feeding, the discharge valve 112 can be opened, the material cleaning valve 25 is closed, the fermented compost finished product reaches the horizontal conveying pipe 211 from the discharge pipe 111, and is conveyed to the middle-layer box 12 on the upper part together with the compost mixture in the feed hopper 214, so that the back mixing of the materials is realized, the integral water content of the compost mixture can be balanced, meanwhile, more beneficial bacteria can be derived from the compost mixture in the compost box 1 conveniently, the fermentation efficiency is greatly improved, and the fermentation time is shortened. And the transverse screw conveyor 21 can simultaneously realize material discharge, material feeding and back mixing of the materials as required, the operation is more convenient and flexible, the composting time is greatly shortened, and the operation efficiency is improved.
When the compost is fed from the feeding pipe 23 into the middle box 12 located at the upper part, it is piled up in the middle box 12 located at the upper part and below the feeding port 131, and in order to make the thickness of the compost near everywhere in the middle box 12, a rotary distributor 4 is provided in the compost box 1.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the rotary distributor 4 includes a rotating rod 41 rotatably connected to one of the middle layer boxes 12 on the upper layer and a third motor 42 for driving the rotating rod 41 to rotate, wherein the third motor 42 can be fixedly connected to the upper end of the top layer box 13, an output shaft of the third motor 42 downwardly penetrates through the top end of the top layer box 13 and is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 41, a scraping rod 43 is vertically fixedly connected to the rotating rod 41, and the middle part of the scraping rod 43 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 41, so that the scraping rod 43 and the rotating rod 41 together form an inverted T shape. When the compost mixture arrives at one of the middle tanks 12 located at the upper portion from the feed port 131, the compost mixture is stacked in the middle tank 12, the third motor 42 is turned on, the output shaft of the third motor 42 drives the rotating rod 41 to rotate, and the rotating rod 41 also drives the scraping rod 43 to rotate, so that the stacked compost mixture is leveled by the scraping rod 43.
Since only the compost in the middle part can be leveled when the piled compost is leveled by the scraping bars 43, leveling work cannot be performed for the compost at the four corners of the middle box 12. Therefore, the extension bar 44 is fixed to both ends of the scraping bar 43, the extension bar 44 is an elastic bar, and the total length of the scraping bar 43 and the extension bar 44 is the same as the length of the diagonal line of the middle box 12. When the scraping rod 43 drives the extension rod 44 to rotate until the scraping rod 43 is consistent with the diagonal direction of the middle box 12, the extension rod 44 and the scraping rod 43 are on the same straight line, and four corners of the middle box 12 can be flattened. When the rotating rod 41 continues to drive the scraping rod 43 to rotate, the extension rod 44 is attached to the side wall of the middle box 12, so that the extension rod 44 is bent, the compost mixture can be flattened to the maximum extent, and the rotation of the scraping rod 43 cannot be hindered. Finally, the thickness of the compost mixture at each position is consistent, the fermentation degree of the compost mixtures at each position is consistent, and the fermentation is more uniform. When the fermentation of the compost in the uppermost middle box 12 is completed, the turning plate bearing mechanism 3 can be turned to transfer the fermented compost to the next middle box 12 for the next fermentation.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the flap bearing mechanism 3 includes a plurality of rotating shafts 31 fixedly connected to opposite sides inside each middle box 12, a bearing plate 32 fixedly connected to each rotating shaft 31, and a driving member 33 for driving the plurality of rotating shafts 31 to rotate, wherein the width of each bearing plate 32 can be set to 10-20cm, a gap 321 is left between two adjacent bearing plates 32, specifically, the gap 321 can be set to 1-2cm, and also can be set to other sizes according to the particles of the materials, so that the bearing plates 32 support the compost mixture, and when the compost mixture is prevented from falling from the gap 321, ventilation and oxygen supply to the compost mixture are facilitated, uniform fermentation of an aerobic composting system is facilitated, and the process is controllable.
The driving member 33 includes a driving motor 331 fixedly connected to the side wall of the middle box 12, one end of each of the rotating shafts 31 penetrates through the side wall of the middle box 12 and is exposed to the outside, the driving motor 331 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the rotating shafts 31 exposed to the outside, a rotating gear 332 is further fixedly connected to one end of each of the rotating shafts 31 exposed to the outside, a reversing gear 333 is disposed between two adjacent rotating gears 332, and the reversing gear 333 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the middle box 12 and is simultaneously engaged with two adjacent rotating gears 332. When the compost mixture on the layer needs to enter the next fermentation link, the driving motor 331 is directly started, the driving motor 331 drives the rotating shaft 31 fixedly connected with the driving motor 331 to rotate, the rotating gear 332 on the rotating shaft 31 fixedly connected with the driving motor 331 also drives the other rotating gears 332 to rotate by meshing with the reversing gear 333, so that the synchronous rotation of the plurality of rotating shafts 31 is realized, and the reversing gear 333 is arranged, so that the plurality of rotating shafts 31 can rotate in the same direction. When the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the bearing plate 32 is driven to turn over, so that the compost mixture in the middle layer box 12 is unloaded into the middle layer box 12 of the next layer, the uniform falling and unloading of the compost mixture are realized, and the secondary mixing and the secondary turning of the compost mixture can also be realized in the process of turning the bearing plate 32, so that the fermentation and turning effects of aerobic compost are realized.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to supply oxygen and aerate the compost mixture, an air inlet pipe 121 is communicated with one side of each middle layer box 12, the air inlet pipe 121 is positioned at the lower side of the bearing plate 32, an air exhaust and deodorization pipe 122 is communicated with one side of each middle layer box 12 far away from the air inlet pipe 121, and the air exhaust and deodorization pipe 122 is positioned at the upper part of the middle layer box 12. When the air supply device is used, the air blower can be arranged at the air inlet pipe 121, the air outlet of the air blower is connected with the air inlet pipe 121 of each middle-layer box 12, air can be supplied to the plurality of middle-layer boxes 12 through the air blower, the air reaches the middle-layer boxes 12 from the air inlet pipe 121, flows upwards and reaches compost mixture from the gap 321 between the two adjacent bearing plates 32, exposure and oxygen supply of the compost mixture are achieved, and then the air is exhausted from the air exhaust and deodorization pipe 122 above the compost mixture. In order to facilitate the gas passing through the compost mixture to be smoothly discharged from the air exhaust and deodorization pipe 122, an exhaust fan (not shown in the figure) is further provided, the air exhaust and deodorization pipe 122 on each middle layer box 12 is communicated to an air exhaust opening of the same exhaust fan, and the gas passing through the compost mixture in each middle layer box 12 can be exhausted by the exhaust fan.
In order to smoothly extract the gas in the compost bin 1, the gas extraction and deodorization pipe 122 on the upper middle bin 12 may be disposed at the top end of the top bin 13, so that more gas flowing directly upward may be directly exhausted from the gas extraction and deodorization pipe 122 on the top bin 13.
Because the gas extracted from the air exhaust and deodorization pipe 122 by the exhaust fan contains odor, and the environment can be polluted by directly discharging the odor to the air, a deodorization device (not shown in the figure) can be arranged at the air outlet of the exhaust fan, and the extracted odor can be discharged after being treated by the deodorization device, thereby ensuring the environmental sanitation. Wherein, the deodorizing device can be directly bought to the existing equipment on the market, and is not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 2, each air inlet pipe 121 is provided with an electric air inlet valve 14, and the electric air inlet valve 14 can control the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe 121 and the air inlet amount according to an aeration mode designed according to the process characteristics of aerobic composting fermentation, so as to meet the oxygen demand in the composting process and the aeration amount required by the evaporation of water in the compost mixture.
It can be understood that, in order to facilitate carrying out real-time control to the fermentation process of good oxygen compost, can also set up anemometer, temperature sensor, humidity transducer, detection components and parts such as moisture content sensor in every middle level case 12 inside, can carry out real-time detection and accurate control to the fermentation process, can also set up auxiliary structure such as sample connection, observation window, access hole in every middle level case 12 lateral wall department, can carry out real-time observation to the fermentation condition in the compost case 1, be convenient for to the maintenance of compost case 1. Which belongs to the prior conventional technical means and is not described in detail herein.
The implementation principle of the full-automatic multi-layer assembled turning plate type aerobic composting device in the embodiment of the application is as follows: during composting, the compost is directly placed in the feed hopper 214, passes through the transverse screw conveyor 21 and the longitudinal screw conveyor 22 to the discharge pipe 111, and enters from the feed inlet 131 through the discharge pipe 111 into a middle box 12 located in the upper part. At the same time, the third motor 42 will drive the rotating rod 41 to rotate, and the rotating rod 41 will drive the scraping rod 43 and the extension rod 44 to rotate, so as to flatten the compost mixture in the middle box 12 at the upper part when entering. After feeding, the air blower blows air into the middle box 12 through the air inlet pipe 121, the air in the middle box 12 upwards reaches the compost mixture through the gap 321 between the two adjacent bearing plates 32, and meanwhile, the exhaust fan extracts odor exhausted from the compost mixture to be discharged after deodorization. When the compost mixture in the upper middle box 12 is completely fermented and needs to be fermented in the next link, the driving motor 331 can be started, the driving motor 331 drives the plurality of rotating shafts 31 to rotate simultaneously through the rotating gear 332 and the reversing gear 333, and the rotating shafts 31 also drive the bearing plate 32 to turn over, so that the compost mixture is transferred to the next middle box 12. When the fermentation is finished and the material needs to be discharged, the discharge valve 112 and the material cleaning valve 25 are directly opened, and the finished fermented compost in the compost bin 1 directly reaches the horizontal conveying pipe 211 from the discharge pipe 111, is conveyed to the vertical conveying pipe 221 through the first spiral conveying shaft 212, and is then conveyed through the second spiral conveying shaft 222 to be discharged from the discharge port 24. The full-automatic operation can be realized, the operation is more convenient, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the labor cost is reduced, the stacking arrangement of the middle layer boxes 12 can greatly reduce the occupied area during the composting fermentation, and the on-site environment is improved. When the compost mixture is transferred, only the turnover plate bearing mechanism 3 needs to be turned over, and during feeding, full-automatic feeding can be realized through the feeding device 2, so that the operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the operation is more convenient.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a full-automatic board-turning type aerobic composting device of multilayer equipment which characterized in that: including compost case (1) and be used for carrying the compost mixture extremely feeding device (2) in compost case (1), compost case (1) includes bottom confined bottom case (11), installs middle level case (12) on bottom case (11) and install upper end confined top layer case (13) on middle level case (12), middle level case (12) are provided with two at least, every middle level case (12) lower extreme all is provided with turns over board bearing mechanism (3), feed inlet (131) have been seted up to top layer case (13) upper end, bottom case (11) lower extreme intercommunication has discharging pipe (111), install discharge valve (112) on discharging pipe (111), feeding device (2) one end stretches into be used for transporting the compost mixture extremely in feed inlet (131) department.
2. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the conveying device (2) comprises a horizontal spiral conveyor (21) and a vertical spiral conveyor (22), wherein the horizontal spiral conveyor (21) is horizontally arranged, the vertical spiral conveyor (22) is vertically arranged, and the horizontal spiral conveyor (21) comprises a horizontal conveying pipe (211) which is horizontally arranged, a first spiral conveying shaft (212) which is rotatably connected in the horizontal conveying pipe (211) and a first motor (213) which is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal conveying pipe (211) and is used for driving the first spiral conveying shaft (212) to rotate; vertical screw conveyer (22) are in including perpendicular intercommunication vertical conveying pipeline (221), the second auger delivery axle (222) and the rigid coupling of connection in vertical conveying pipeline (221) of keeping away from first motor (213) one end in horizontal conveying pipeline (211) are in vertical conveying pipeline (221) upper end is used for the drive second auger delivery axle (222) pivoted second motor (223), the intercommunication has feeder hopper (214) on horizontal conveying pipeline (211) lateral wall, vertical conveying pipeline (221) upper end intercommunication has inlet pipe (23), inlet pipe (23) are kept away from the one end of vertical conveying pipeline (221) is stretched into in feed inlet (131).
3. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 2 wherein: the lower end of the discharge pipe (111) is communicated into the horizontal conveying pipe (211), the lower end of the vertical conveying pipe (221) is provided with a discharge hole (24) used for discharging a finished compost mixture to the outside, and the lower end of the vertical conveying pipe (221) is provided with a material cleaning valve (25) used for controlling the on-off state of the discharge hole (24) at the discharge hole (24).
4. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the turning plate bearing mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of rotating shafts (31) which are rotatably connected to two opposite sides in the compost box (1) and bearing plates (32) which are fixedly connected to each rotating shaft (31).
5. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 4 wherein: a gap (321) is reserved between two adjacent bearing plates (32).
6. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 5 wherein: an air inlet pipe (121) is communicated with the side wall of each middle layer box (12), the air inlet pipe (121) is positioned at the lower side of the turning plate bearing mechanism (3), and the upper end of each middle layer box (12) is communicated with an air exhaust and deodorization pipe (122).
7. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 6 wherein: each air inlet pipe (121) is provided with an electric air inlet valve (14).
8. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 1 wherein: be provided with rotary material distributor (4) in top layer case (13), rotary material distributor (4) are connected including rotating dwang (41) and the drive of top layer case (13) upper end dwang (41) pivoted third motor (42), the rigid coupling has scraping pole (43) on dwang (41).
9. The fully automatic multi-layer assembled turn-over aerobic composting apparatus of claim 8 wherein: dwang (41) rigid coupling is in scrape pole (43) intermediate position, scrape the equal rigid coupling in pole (43) both ends and have extension bar (44), extension bar (44) are the elastic rod.
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| CN202110160395.1A CN112679252A (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2021-02-05 | Full-automatic multilayer assembled turning plate type aerobic composting device |
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Application publication date: 20210420 |