CN118221470A - Bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process and fermentation bin - Google Patents
Bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process and fermentation bin Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/95—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means
- C05F17/955—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means the material going from platform to platform
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process and a fermentation bin, which belong to agricultural machinery. The material is transferred into the top layer of the primary composting device by the feeding device, and then the molecular film overturning and sealing device automatically and integrally seals the fermentation bin to form a heat barrier. The whole fermentation bin is formed into a similar steamer structure by a molecular film overturning and sealing device, a multilayer fluffy blanking overturning plate, a bionic aeration system and an auxiliary heating system, so that a steamer effect is generated, the temperature is increased from lower to upper stairs, and the requirement rule of organic matter compost aerobic fermentation heat is met. The fermentation process is continuous and closed, and the harmless degree is high. The invention can improve the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, fully and accurately aerate oxygen according to the characteristics of the fermentation period, and realize unmanned automatic and efficient aerobic composting fermentation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological organic fertilizer fermentation, and particularly relates to a bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process and a fermentation bin.
Background
The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The heat change in the organic aerobic composting fermentation process has obvious echelon property. Fermentation processes can be generally classified into primary composting and secondary composting (the stage of decomposition). The primary composting can be divided into three stages, namely a heating stage, a high temperature stage, a cooling stage and a post-ripening stage. The temperature rise stage is from normal temperature to 45 ℃, at this time, medium temperature aerobic microorganisms are mainly used, and simple saccharides, starch, protein and the like in the compost are decomposed in a large amount, so that CO 2、NH3 and heat are released. The temperature of the high-temperature stage is between 45 and 70 ℃, the microorganisms with good heat property are dominant, the cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin substances can be decomposed strongly, a large amount of heat is released, and humification is started to appear besides the mineralization process. In the cooling stage, the composting temperature is reduced to be lower than 45 ℃, the activity intensity of microorganisms is weakened, the heat generation amount is reduced, moderate temperature microorganisms are taken as the main material, and in the stage, the microorganisms mainly act to synthesize humus, so that the quality of the compost is a key stage. The secondary composting also becomes a decomposing and aging stage, the temperature of the composting is still higher than the air temperature, and slow mineralization and humification processes are continued in the composting. At the same time, actinomycetes for decomposing organic substances such as humus have been increased. Therefore, the microbial effect at this stage is beneficial and disadvantageous, and the key is to regulate the hydrothermal condition, inhibit the adverse effects of actinomycetes, denitrifying bacteria and the like, and achieve the purposes of decomposing and preserving fertilizer.
Organic biomass aerobic composting fermentation equipment/system is a research and development hot spot in recent years, and mainly comprises crested composting, trough composting, static composting, reactor composting and the like. Wherein the reactor compost can be divided into a passive ventilation reactor, a forced ventilation reactor, a roller reactor and the like. The reactor compost has the characteristics of high mechanization degree, high composting speed, high harmless degree and the like, and is especially favored in large-scale and intensive organic fertilizer production. However, the current domestic aerobic fermentation composting reactor has the problems of low mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, insufficient aeration, poor precision and the like, and the problems influence the composting efficiency and quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process and a fermentation bin, the device can improve mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, and aeration is fully and accurately carried out according to the characteristics of a fermentation period, so that unmanned automatic and efficient aerobic composting fermentation is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect of the invention, a bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation bin is provided, comprising:
A primary composter; the primary composting device is of a multi-layer closed structure and is divided into a plurality of layers by a plurality of fluffy blanking overturning plates, and a molecular film overturning and closing device is arranged at the top of the primary composting device; a bionic aeration system is arranged above the fluffy blanking overturning plate at the lower part of the primary composting device;
A rotten aging device; the decomposing and aging device is of a single-layer or multi-layer airtight structure and is arranged under the primary composting device in a sealing mode, an airtight overturning plate is arranged at the bottom of the decomposing and aging device, and the overturning mechanism is used for controlling the opening and closing of the sealing plate to achieve the sealing and loading/unloading effects.
The lower part of the decomposing and aging device and the upper part of the airtight overturning plate are also provided with a bionic aeration system and an auxiliary heating system.
The invention utilizes the cooperation of the bionic technology and the gradient heat transfer of the steamer effect to effectively improve the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of the fermentation bin, can fully and accurately aerate oxygen according to the characteristics of the fermentation period, and realizes unmanned automatic and obvious improvement of the aerobic composting fermentation efficiency. The bionic technology is a principle of researching the structure and function work of organisms, and according to the principles, new equipment, tools and technology are invented, and an advanced technology suitable for production, study and life is created. The human lung structure has the characteristic of lobation, the lobules of the lung are conical, the main bronchus is repeatedly branched into dendrites, the branches and the terminals have a large number of alveoli, and the long-term natural evolution can ensure smooth ventilation of the lung and high-efficiency gas exchange. In addition, the steamer effect is also deeply understood and efficiently utilized for natural laws. When steaming things, a relatively stable and airtight space is formed in the steamer, the structure of water is changed under the action of temperature and space by utilizing the gas convection principle, liquid is changed into gas rapidly, and the water vapor rapidly moves and rises, as if natural water is changed into gas to rise into the air after being irradiated by sunlight, but the cover at the top of the steamer blocks the rising situation of the water vapor, so that all heat and air pressure can be condensed at the top to ripening food.
The invention arranges a molecular film overturning and sealing device at the top of the primary composting device to play a role in sealing. In order to achieve the sealing effect, the gas emission loss of carbon and nitrogen is reduced. In some embodiments, the molecular film flip-flop closure device comprises: the device comprises a sealing plate, a high polymer fermentation membrane, a membrane mounting frame and a turnover mechanism; the high polymer fermentation membrane is arranged on the inner side of the sealing plate through the membrane mounting frame, and the high polymer fermentation membrane and the sealing plate achieve a two-stage sealing effect.
Further, the membrane mounting frame is provided with an extension elastic sheet at the joint of the sealing plate and the high polymer fermentation membrane, so that the high polymer fermentation membrane can realize redundant coverage at the joint, and the sealing effect is enhanced.
Furthermore, the turnover structure adopts a connecting rod mechanism and is driven by a hydraulic system assembly to control the molecular film turnover sealing device to open and close.
In order to improve aeration efficiency and accuracy, in some embodiments, the bionic aeration system comprises an air source, a control system and a bionic aeration pipeline, the bionic aeration pipeline is arranged on each layer, aeration quantity of each layer is independently controlled according to material fermentation characteristics, a main air pipe of the bionic aeration pipeline is divided into a plurality of blades, each blade is triangular, a branch air pipe network is uniformly arranged in each blade, an included angle a between the branch air pipe and the air inlet direction is more than or equal to 120 degrees, and an air outlet or an integrated existing aerator is uniformly arranged on the aeration pipe, so that the bionic aeration pipeline integrally forms a lung-like structure.
Further, the sharp corner of the triangle is in arc transition so as to reduce gas transmission resistance.
To improve mass transfer, heat transfer, and aeration efficiency, in some embodiments, the fluffy blanking flip-flop includes: multilayer elastic steel wire mesh, vibrator and turnover mechanism; the multi-layer elastic steel wire mesh is used for bearing materials, and the mesh density is such that the materials cannot pass through, but gas can pass through.
The vibrator is installed in multilayer elasticity steel wire net below, can make the steel wire net drive the material and produce the vibration, and its effect has two: firstly, in the aeration process, a bionic aeration system is matched, the material is vibrated to be fluffy, the mass transfer, heat transfer and aeration efficiency are greatly improved, and secondly, in the blanking process, the material is vibrated to enable blanking to be thorough and clean.
A vibrator is arranged below the multi-layer elastic steel wire mesh, and two sides of the multi-layer elastic steel wire mesh are provided with turnover structures;
Further, the turnover structure consists of a connecting rod and a hydraulic cylinder and controls the opening and closing of the fluffy blanking turnover plate.
In the primary composting device, each layer can be composed of a plurality of independent fluffy blanking turnover plates, and each fluffy blanking turnover plate is respectively provided with a vibrator.
In order to improve the fluffy and shake-off efficiency, in some embodiments, in each layer of the primary composter, the frequencies of the vibrators of the same fluffy blanking overturn plate are the same, the adjacent vibrator is installed to conform to a sine curve, and the curve is set as E, and then the equation of E is as follows: y=asin (ωx+Φ), where a ε (-300 to 300), ω ε [ -1,1], Φ ε (0 to 500). Compared with the traditional pile-turning structure, the combination of fluffy vibration and bionic aeration has higher degree of functional integration, more compact structure and lower energy consumption.
For ease of installation and transportation, the level of standardization is increased, and in some embodiments, each layer of the primary composter and/or the maturing aging device is designed as a separate unit that can be modularly handled and transported.
In some embodiments, the fermentation cartridge further comprises a hydraulic system assembly comprising a hydraulic pump station and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, the tilting mechanism being driven by the hydraulic system assembly.
To accomplish the exchange of materials within the facility and at the site of the stack, in some embodiments, the fermentation tank further comprises feeding and discharging means;
Further, the feeding and discharging device adopts a belt type, spiral type or bucket type conveyor;
In some embodiments, the fermentation tank further comprises a gas purge drain. The gas cleaning and discharging device can integrate the existing equipment/system so that the discharged gas meets the corresponding standard requirements.
In order to generate the steamer effect to achieve the gradient heat transfer and continuous fermentation effect, the second aspect of the invention provides a bionic aeration gradient heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process, which adopts the fermentation bin to ferment, and comprises the following steps:
The whole fermentation bin is formed into a steamer-like structure by a molecular film overturning and sealing device, a multilayer fluffy blanking overturning plate and an auxiliary heating system, so that a steamer effect is generated, the temperature is increased from bottom to top in a gradient manner, and the requirement rule of organic matter compost aerobic fermentation heat is met.
The material is transferred into the top layer of the primary composting device by the feeding device, and then the molecular film overturning and sealing device automatically and integrally seals the fermentation bin;
in the fermentation process, according to temperature feedback of a temperature sensor, equipment automatically judges and sequentially conveys materials downwards through a fluffy blanking turnover plate;
When the fermentation temperature of the material pile is insufficient, the bottom auxiliary heating system is automatically started to provide auxiliary heat; the fermentation process is continuous and closed, and the harmless degree is high.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of the fermentation bin in the field of bio-organic fertilizer fermentation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are that
(1) The invention can improve the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, fully and accurately aerate oxygen according to the characteristics of the fermentation period, and realize unattended automatic and efficient aerobic composting fermentation.
(2) The device has the advantages of simple structure, strong practicability and easy popularization.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the steamer effect aerobic composting fermentation process of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a molecular film flip-flop closure device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic aeration system according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the fluffy blanking turnover plate of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 primary composting device, 2 rotting ageing device, 3 molecule membrane upset closing means, 4 bionical aeration system, 5 fluffy blanking upset boards, 6 airtight upset boards, 7 auxiliary heating system, 8 feed arrangement, 9 discharging device, 10 gas purification discharging device, 11 hydraulic system assembly, 12 closing plate, 13 polymer fermentation membrane, 14 membrane mounting bracket, 15 tilting mechanism, 16 air supply, 17 control system, 18 bionical aeration pipeline, 19 aeration main air pipe, 20 aeration bronchus, 21 aerator, 22 elasticity steel wire net, 23 vibrators.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples, which should be construed as illustrative rather than limiting.
As shown in figure 1, a bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process and a fermentation bin, a primary composting device 1, a decomposing and aging device 2, an auxiliary heating system 7, a feeding device 8, a discharging device 9, a gas purifying and discharging device 10 and a hydraulic system assembly 11. The primary composting device 1 is of a multi-layer closed structure and comprises a molecular film overturning and sealing device 3, a bionic aeration system 4 and a fluffy blanking overturning plate 5, wherein the molecular film overturning and sealing device 3 is arranged at the top of the primary composting device to perform a sealing function, the plurality of fluffy blanking overturning plates 5 divide the whole space of the primary composting device 1 into multiple layers, and the bionic aeration system 4 is arranged at the bottom of each layer and above the fluffy blanking overturning plate 5. The decomposing and aging device 2 is of a single-layer or multi-layer airtight structure, is installed at the lower part of the primary composting device 1 in a sealing manner, comprises a bionic aeration system 4, an airtight overturning plate 6 and an auxiliary heating system 7, wherein the airtight overturning plate 6 is installed at the bottommost part of the decomposing and aging device 2 and consists of a sealing plate 12 and an overturning mechanism 15, the opening and the closing of the sealing plate 12 are controlled through the overturning mechanism 15, the sealing and loading/unloading functions are achieved, and the bionic aeration system 4 and the auxiliary heating system 7 are installed at the lower part of the decomposing and aging device 2 and above the airtight overturning plate 6. The hydraulic system assembly 11 comprises a hydraulic pump station and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and the turnover mechanism 15 is driven by the hydraulic cylinders. In order to complete the material exchange in the equipment and the stacking place, the device also comprises a feeding device 8 and a discharging device 9, and belt type, spiral type, bucket type conveyors and the like can be adopted. The gas cleaning discharge device 10 may be integrated with existing equipment/systems to enable the discharge gas to meet corresponding standard requirements.
As shown in fig. 2, the whole fermentation bin is formed into a similar steamer structure by the molecular film overturning and sealing device 3, the multi-layer fluffy blanking overturning plate 5 and the auxiliary heating system 7, so that a steamer effect is generated, the temperature is increased from bottom to top in a gradient manner, and the requirement rule of organic matter compost aerobic fermentation heat is met. The materials are transferred into the top layer of the primary composting device 1 by the feeding device, and then the molecular film overturning and sealing device 3 automatically and integrally seals the fermentation bin to form a heat barrier. In the fermentation process, according to temperature feedback of a temperature sensor, the equipment automatically judges and sequentially conveys materials downwards through the fluffy blanking turnover plate 5. When the fermentation temperature of the material pile is insufficient, the bottom auxiliary heating system 7 is automatically started to provide auxiliary heat. The fermentation process is continuous and closed, and the harmless degree is high.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to achieve the sealing effect and reduce the emission loss of carbon and nitrogen, the molecular film turnover sealing device 5 comprises a sealing plate 12, a polymer fermentation film 13, a film mounting frame 14 and a turnover mechanism 15. The high polymer fermentation membrane 13 is arranged on the inner side of the sealing plate 12 through the membrane mounting frame 14, and the high polymer fermentation membrane 13 and the sealing plate 12 achieve a two-stage sealing effect. The membrane mounting frame 14 is provided with an extension spring sheet at the joint, so that the high polymer fermentation membrane 13 can realize redundant coverage at the joint, and the sealing effect is enhanced. The turnover mechanism 15 is composed of a link mechanism, and the hydraulic system assembly 11 drives and controls the molecular film turnover closing device 5 to open and close.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to improve the aeration efficiency and accuracy, the bionic aeration system 4 includes an air source 16, a control system 17 and a bionic aeration pipeline 18, the bionic aeration pipeline 18 is arranged on each layer, and the aeration amount of each layer is independently controlled by the control system 17 according to the fermentation characteristics of the materials. The main air pipes of the bionic aeration pipelines 18 are distributed in a split manner, each blade is triangular, the sharp corners of the triangle are in arc transition to reduce air transfer resistance, branch air pipe networks are uniformly arranged in the triangle, the included angle between the branch air pipes and the air inlet direction is more than or equal to 120 degrees, and air outlets or integrated with the existing aerator 21 are uniformly arranged on the bionic aeration pipelines 18, so that the bionic aeration pipelines 18 integrally form a lung-like structure.
As shown in fig. 5, to improve mass transfer, heat transfer and aeration efficiency, the fluffy blanking turnover plate 5 includes a plurality of layers of elastic steel wire meshes 22, vibrators 23 and a turnover mechanism 15. The multi-layer elastic steel wire mesh 22 is used for carrying materials, and the mesh density is such that the materials cannot pass through, but the gas can pass through. Vibrator 23 installs in multilayer elasticity wire net 22 below, can make multilayer elasticity wire net 22 drive the material and produce the vibration, and its effect has two: firstly, in the aeration process, the bionic aeration system 4 is matched, the material is vibrated to be fluffy, the mass transfer, heat transfer and aeration efficiency are greatly improved, and secondly, in the blanking process, the material is vibrated to enable blanking to be thorough and clean. In order to provide fluffy shaking-off efficiency, the frequencies of the vibrators 23 mounted on the same fluffy blanking overturn plate 5 are the same, the adjacent vibrators 23 are mounted to conform to a sinusoidal curve, and the curve is set as E, and then the equation of E is as follows: y=asin (ωx+Φ), where a ε (-300 to 300), ω ε [ -1,1], Φ ε (-500 to 500). The turnover mechanism 15 consists of a connecting rod and a hydraulic cylinder and controls the opening and closing of the fluffy blanking turnover plate 5. Compared with the traditional pile-turning structure, the combination of fluffy vibration and bionic aeration has higher degree of functional integration, more compact structure and lower energy consumption.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation bin, which is characterized by comprising:
a primary composter; the primary composting device is of a multi-layer hollow closed structure and is divided into a plurality of layers by a plurality of fluffy blanking overturning plates, and a molecular film overturning and closing device is arranged at the top of the primary composting device; a bionic aeration system is arranged above the fluffy blanking overturning plate at the lower part of the primary composting device;
A rotten aging device; the decomposing and aging device is of a single-layer or multi-layer airtight structure and is installed under the primary composting device in a sealing mode, an airtight overturning plate is arranged at the bottom of the decomposing and aging device, and a bionic aeration system and an auxiliary heating system are further arranged under the decomposing and aging device and above the airtight overturning plate.
2. The bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation chamber according to claim 1, wherein the molecular film overturning and sealing device comprises: the device comprises a sealing plate, a high polymer fermentation membrane, a membrane mounting frame and a turnover mechanism; the high polymer fermentation membrane is arranged on the inner side of the sealing plate through a membrane mounting frame;
or, the membrane mounting frame is provided with an extension spring sheet at the joint of the sealing plate and the high polymer fermentation membrane;
or, the overturning structure adopts a connecting rod mechanism and is driven by a hydraulic system assembly.
3. The bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation bin according to claim 1, wherein the bionic aeration system comprises an air source, a control system and a bionic aeration pipeline, the bionic aeration pipeline is arranged on each layer, the aeration quantity of each layer is independently controlled according to the fermentation characteristics of materials, the main air pipe of the bionic aeration pipeline is divided into a plurality of blades, each blade is triangular, a branch air pipe network is uniformly arranged in the triangle, the included angle a between the branch air pipe and the air inlet direction is more than or equal to 120 degrees, and air outlets are uniformly arranged on the aeration pipes or the existing aerators are integrated;
Or, the sharp corner of the triangle is in arc transition.
4. The bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation tank of claim 1, wherein the fluffy blanking flip plate comprises: multilayer elastic steel wire mesh, vibrator and turnover mechanism; a vibrator is arranged below the multi-layer elastic steel wire mesh, and two sides of the multi-layer elastic steel wire mesh are provided with turnover structures;
Or the overturning structure consists of a connecting rod and a hydraulic cylinder.
5. The bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation tank according to claim 1, wherein in each layer of the primary composter, the frequencies of the vibrators of the same fluffy blanking turnover plate are the same, the adjacent vibrator is installed to conform to a sine curve, and the curve is set as E, and then the equation of E is as follows: y=asin (ωx+Φ), where a ε (-300 to 300), ω ε [ -1,1], Φ ε (0 to 500).
6. The bionic aerated echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation tank according to claim 1, wherein each layer of the primary composter and/or the decomposed aging device is designed as an independent unit and can be modularly loaded and unloaded and transported.
7. The biomimetic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation tank of claim 1, wherein the fermentation tank further comprises a hydraulic system assembly, the hydraulic system assembly comprises a hydraulic pump station and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and the turnover mechanism is driven by the hydraulic system assembly.
8. The bionic aerated echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation chamber of claim 1, wherein the fermentation chamber further comprises a feeding and discharging device;
Or, the feeding and discharging device adopts a belt type, spiral type or bucket type conveyor;
the fermentation bin also comprises a gas purifying and discharging device.
9. A bionic aeration echelon heat transfer aerobic composting fermentation process, which is characterized in that the fermentation bin of any one of claims 1-8 is adopted for fermentation, and the process comprises the following steps:
the whole fermentation bin is formed into a steamer-like structure by a molecular film overturning and sealing device, a multilayer fluffy blanking overturning plate and an auxiliary heating system, so that a steamer effect is generated, and the temperature is increased from bottom to top in a gradient;
The material is transferred into the top layer of the primary composting device by the feeding device, and then the molecular film overturning and sealing device automatically and integrally seals the fermentation bin;
in the fermentation process, according to temperature feedback of a temperature sensor, equipment automatically judges and sequentially conveys materials downwards through a fluffy blanking turnover plate;
when the fermentation temperature of the material pile is insufficient, the bottom auxiliary heating system is automatically started to provide auxiliary heat; the fermentation process is continuous and closed.
10. Use of a fermentation tank according to any one of claims 1-8 in the field of bio-organic fertilizer fermentation.
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| CN114538980A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-05-27 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Multilayer box type aerobic fermentation equipment and fermentation method |
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| CN117024198A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2023-11-10 | 郑州市天赐重工机械有限公司 | Heavy chain plate turning machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110606624A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-24 | 广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司 | All-dimensional deodorization process and device for microorganism enhanced proliferation reactor |
| CN112679252A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-04-20 | 四川丰辉华宝环保科技有限公司 | Full-automatic multilayer assembled turning plate type aerobic composting device |
| CN114538980A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-05-27 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Multilayer box type aerobic fermentation equipment and fermentation method |
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