KR20040027645A - A mixing type compost fermentation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a vertical compost-fermenting system, which makes the best fermenting environment, manages facilities easily, saves energy, and can produce compost of a good quality in large quantities. CONSTITUTION: The vertical compost-fermenting system comprises: a cylindrical or polygonal vertical body(1); an injection hole(2) formed on the upper part of the body(1) to inject a compost material; a dispersion conveyer(3) dispersing and falling the injected compost material; a fermentation chamber(A) piling up the fallen compost material; an oxygen pipe(4) of an oxygen supply line(C) supplying oxygen to the piled compost material; a gas exhaust duct of a gas exhaust line exhausting gas generated from the fermentation chamber(A); a stirrer(B) stirring the compost of the fermentation chamber(A); a screw conveyer(6) discharging the compost fermented in the fermentation chamber(A) to the outside; an extraneous matters-selecting device(7) separating extraneous matters from the discharged compost.

Description

Vertical compost fermentation system {A mixing type compost fermentation equipment}

The present invention relates to a vertical fermentation fermentation system, and more particularly to a compost fermentation system that can produce a high-quality compost in large quantities while creating an optimal fermentation environment, easy operation of the facility, saving energy.

There are two types of existing fermentation fermentation devices that ferment organic waste such as food waste. One of them is a horizontal type having a large facility area and a leachate outlet for discharging leachate at the bottom of the fermentation chamber, an oxygen supply unit for supplying oxygen at the upper end of the discharge port, and a compost stirrer at the upper end of the oxygen supply unit for stirring the organic matter. There is a horizontal means for aging by moving the compost material to the rear end at the same time as the oxygen supply, and another method is composed of a stirring device for supplying oxygen to a vertical cylindrical body or polygonal body and supplying oxygen to the stirring wing of the stirring device There is a compost fermentation apparatus for fermenting organic material by fermenting organic matter according to the means for supplying oxygen to supply a portion.

Looking at the oxygen supply method of the conventional vertical compost fermentation apparatus comparable to the present invention is configured to supply oxygen by forming an air flow path to the stirring device shaft and the stirring wing. In such oxygen supply, there is a problem in that oxygen cannot be uniformly supplied to the whole fermentation chamber. In addition, the operation state of the vertical fermentation device is only 1-2 revolutions per hour stirring device. As a result, the anaerobic process immediately proceeds where oxygen is depleted or not supplied, which causes a great amount of ammonia gas, which increases air pollution and hinders fermentation, making it impossible to produce high-quality compost.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, to provide a vertical fermentation fermentation apparatus that can produce a large amount of high quality compost while creating and maintaining an optimal fermentation environment in the fermentation chamber.

1 is a perspective view of a vertical compost fermentation system according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view showing the main part of the design of Figure 1 of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the main portion of the design of Figure 1 of the present invention.

Name of code

A. Fermentation chamber B. Agitator B1. Agitation wing B2. Stir Blade B3. Power train B4. power

C. Oxygen Supply Line D. Gas Exhaust Line 1. Body 2. Inlet. 3. Agitator 4. Oxygen piping

41. Air supply port 42. Oxygen jet port 43. Air supply pipe 44. Air valve 45. Opening and closing port 46. Blower

5.Gas exhaust duct 51.Gas inlet 52.Exhaust piping 53.Drain valve 54.Cleaning port

55. Deodorizer 6. Screw conveyor 7. Foreign material selection device

1 is a perspective view showing all the configurations of the present invention, Figures 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views illustrating the main parts to understand the configuration of the oxygen supply line configuration and the gas discharge duct of the present invention. Referring to the drawings in detail, the fermentation system is a fermentation system in which a large amount of compost materials are stacked and fermented without space in a vertically erect form, as shown in FIG. 1. An inlet 2 to be introduced, a dispersion comb 3 for dispersing and dropping the compost material introduced through the inlet, a fermentation chamber A dispersed and dropped through the dispersion comb, and compost accumulated in the fermentation chamber. The oxygen pipe 4 of the oxygen supply line C for supplying oxygen to the material, the gas discharge duct 5 of the gas discharge line D for discharging the gas generated in the fermentation chamber A, and the compost of the fermentation chamber are stirred. It consists of a stirring device (B), a screw comb (6) for discharging the compost fermented in the fermentation chamber to the outside, and a foreign matter sorter (7) for sorting the foreign matter from the compost discharged through the screw comb As follows will be described the present invention in more detail.

The body (1) may be made of one or more in a circular or polygonal shape, the accompanying drawings are a cylindrical example, but made in a variety of forms, such as square and the size and material can be designed in various ways depending on the application have. Corrosion-resistant metal or non-metallic material may be used for the material of the body. However, in order to take into account the economic feasibility, a method of coating the inner circumference of the body with a non-corrosive material such as PVC may be used while using general steel structures. Coated minerals or may be composed of minerals such as elvan.

The outer circumference of the body is a thermostat such as styrofoam to maintain the best temperature inside the body.

The outer periphery of the body is composed of a compost material transfer line (bucket comb or screw conveyor, etc.) not shown in the drawings so that the compost material is easily transferred over the body, the inlet for the compost material flows into the upper end of the body ( 2) was configured. The compost material transfer line (except city) is combined with a moisture control agent transport line (except city) for quantitative transfer of moisture control agents such as sawdust to the compost material transfer line so as to be mixed at a proper water content (65-68%) during the transfer process. Combined. As another method may be introduced into the inlet (2) through the compost material transfer line by configuring a mixing device for mixing the organic waste, such as food waste and the water regulator such as sawdust. At this time, the water content of the compost material to be added is about 65%. In addition, a separate drying device may be configured by adjusting the moisture content of the compost material.

Directly below the inlet 2, a dispersion comb 3 for dispersing and dropping the compost material was configured so that the compost material was evenly dispersed and dropped in the fermentation chamber. The configuration of the dispersion comb was to make the stirring blade (B1) of the stirring device (B) to be described later to serve as a dispersion comb. This is because the agitated blades can be rotated to disperse the compost material stacked on the fermentation chamber horizontally. Although not shown, a belt comb may be used as another method of the dispersion comb. The necessity of the above-mentioned dispersion comb is necessary for the large-scale fermentation of a large amount of compost, but it is preferable not to constitute the dispersion comb on a small scale.

The compost material dispersed and dropped by the dispersion comb is accumulated from the bottom of the fermentation chamber (A) as if snow is accumulated, and fermentation proceeds by oxygen supplied through the oxygen pipe (4) of the oxygen supply line (C) configured in the compost material. do. The oxygen supply line forms an oxygen pipe 4 by forming a layer laterally as shown in FIG. The reason for arranging the oxygen pipe transversely is to avoid the radius of rotation of the stirring blades of the transverse stirring device.

In the configuration of the oxygen supply line (C) and the gas discharge line (D), as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the oxygen pipe 4 layer and the gas discharge duct 5 layer are arranged at regular intervals. The oxygen supplied through the oxygen supply line is converted into gas by the microorganisms. The gas discharge duct 5 layer of a gas discharge line is arrange | positioned by the method of discharging this gas easily.

When the configuration of the oxygen supply line will be described in detail, a plurality of oxygen pipes 4 are disposed inside the fermentation chamber, and a plurality of oxygen injection ports 42 are formed below the oxygen pipe. The oxygen injection port 42 is configured in the shape of a bead to block the penetration of compost particles that block the air passage of the oxygen injection port. The jaw type is preferably fixed to the flexible hose made of PVC. In addition, in the arrangement of the oxygen injection port, a large amount of air is supplied to the upper part of the fermentation chamber, a small amount of air in the middle, and a very small amount of air can be supplied to the lower part. In order to control the oxygen supply amount, the air valve 44 was formed in each of the oxygen pipe layers so as to make large and small holes to be adjusted to the size of the hole of the injection hole and to supply the oxygen supply amount more precisely.

In order to understand the reason why the oxygen supply amount is divided into the lower part of the fermentation chamber and the upper part of the present invention, the amount of oxygen consumed according to the initial fermentation and the intermediate fermentation and the post-fermentation fermentation should be understood. In the early stages, aerobic microorganisms have many nutrients that can be ingested, and because of their large particle size, they can hold large amounts of oxygen, which requires a lot of oxygen. However, from the middle fermentation stage of the first fermentation, the nutrients necessary for microbial activity and the particles are smaller, the oxygen holding capacity is lowered and the air consumption is lower than the initial stage. If excessive air is supplied for intermediate fermentation, the compost material may dry up and the fermentation may stop. In the present invention, in consideration of such a phenomenon, divided into the lower part of the body and the upper part of the upper part, which requires a lot of air, is able to supply oxygen by supplying a lot of air, and the difference is less than that to control oxygen supply according to the humidity of the compost material. Humidity sensor is configured to allow. The sensor may provide adequate moisture if the compost material is dried and disrupts fermentation. Although not shown in the drawing, the water supply line may be arranged together with the oxygen pipe 4 to be supplied when necessary, or a water supply line may be embedded inside the oxygen pipe 4.

In order to find a means for cleaning or repairing the oxygen pipe (4), the opening and closing opening 45 is provided at both ends of the oxygen pipe (4). The opening and closing port was configured in the form of bolts or lids. When cleaning is needed, opening and closing the opening and picking with a stick with a brush or blowing compressed air to remove the obstacles of air flow inside the oxygen pipe.

Looking at the practical effect on the oxygen supply of the vertical compost fermentation device configured as described above, the air blown to the blower (46), such as a compressor or a broa is supplied through the blower pipe while only an appropriate amount of air is introduced into the oxygen pipe from the air valve. Again, the oxygen injection port through the lower part of the fermentation chamber, the upper portion of the large amount of oxygen can be supplied evenly.

In the body (1) of the present invention or in the body circumferential circumferential oxygen supply or gas discharge port 41 is formed. More detailed description of the configuration of the air supply and outlet may form a space in which oxygen may be injected or gas is discharged into the body 1, and a plurality of holes are formed in the periphery of the body to allow gas discharge or oxygen suction. Pipes can also be constructed with PVC hoses. The use of the supply outlet may supply oxygen but may also be used as a gas outlet. Oxygen is distributed and supplied to the fermentation chamber (A) from the supply outlet or the gas can be easily discharged to the outside, so that the fermentation environment can be optimally created. Oxygen supplied to the oxygen pipe is connected to the blower 46 is forced air to the fermentation chamber. The blower is configured to provide an appropriate amount of oxygen evenly to the compost material by using a high-pressure blower or a compressor such as a conventional air valve 44 to control the oxygen supply amount. It is possible to promote high-speed fermentation by providing an optimum fermentation environment by regulating the addition or subtraction of the oxygen supply amount inside the fermentation chamber by adjusting the oxygen valve.

In addition, a heater (not shown) was coupled to the air supply pipe 44 for supplying oxygen from the blower to the oxygen pipe. In winter, when cold air is introduced into the fermentation chamber as it is, aerobic microorganisms are suspended, which may cause problems in fermentation. If rapid fermentation is required in winter or other seasons, high temperature oxygen, equivalent to 40-60 ° C, is required. At this time, the oxygen passing through the blower pipe 43 was heated by a heater not shown in the drawing so that the air at the proper temperature was introduced. The heater is a structure that can pass through the oxygen pipe (4. 4a) after the air supplied from the blower is heated to a constant temperature is installed a sensor for sensing the temperature and pressure of the air. In addition, the fermentation promotion method may inject minerals such as germanium or biotite, barphyllite, jade, which generate a large amount of far infrared rays into the heater and the oxygen pipe, or oxygen containing a large amount of far infrared rays into the oxygen pipe.

Next, referring to the gas discharge line (D) of the present invention for efficiently discharging the gas into the fermentation chamber (A) Looking at the configuration of Figure 1 for the gas discharge duct (5) for discharging the gas inside the fermentation chamber, the oxygen supply line As described above, the gas discharge duct is formed by forming a layer in the fermentation chamber horizontally. A gas suction port 52 through which gas can be sucked into the gas discharge duct 5 is configured. In detail, the gas discharge duct 5 is installed in the fermentation product. Thus, the gas discharge duct may be blocked by the compost particles introduced into the gas suction port 52. In order to solve the above problems, the cleaning outlet 54 is configured by opening and closing bolts at both ends of the gas discharge duct so that the inside of the gas discharge duct can be easily cleaned. The brush was cleaned with a configured cleaner or compressed air. In addition, by configuring the discharge valve 53 on one side of the gas discharge duct to adjust the gas discharge amount as needed.

In this configuration, the gas generated in the fermentation chamber is discharged by the suction pressure of the suction device (not shown) configured in the deodorizer 55. The deodorizer 55 refers to a conventional deodorizer using a wet and soil deodorant biodeodorizer filter.

As described above, in the fermentation chamber in which the oxygen pipe 4 and the gas discharge duct 5. 5a are perfectly provided, a stirring device B is configured as shown in FIG. 1. When explaining the detailed configuration of the stirring device to form an air passage through which the air flows to the drive shaft for driving the stirring device to combine the stirring blade (B1) with the air passage. The stirring blades formed a passage for injecting air or water flowing from the drive shaft or sucking the gas. In addition, a plurality of stirring blades (B2) in the cross-shaped configuration on the stirring blades. The practical effect of the stirring blade serves to stir the compost effectively.

The practical effect of the stirring device is explained by forming a power transmission device B3 on the drive shaft of the stirring device and rotating by a power B4 such as a reducer or a hydraulic cylinder connected to the motor. Therefore, when the stirring blade (B1) and stirring blade (B2) in the form of a dozen boxes is rotated in the compost is compost evenly stirred. In addition, the stirring device may be used for supplying moisture or removing gas as necessary in addition to compost agitation. As such, a skew flow comb 6 for discharging ripe or composted compost to the outside is provided at the bottom of the fermentation chamber equipped with the oxygen supply device and the gas exhaust device agitator, so that no compost accumulated in the lower part of the fermentation chamber is easily provided. The compost was allowed to drain.

The vertical fertilizer fermentation system of the present invention does not interfere with high speed fermentation if the stirring device is not necessary at a processing capacity of less than 5 tons per day and the stirring device is capable of stirring only a lower portion of the processing capacity of 10 tons per day. In the case of 20 tons per day, stirring is necessary to the middle.

Referring to the configuration and use of the air supply port 41 formed in the inner periphery once more in detail once the supply port 41 is connected to the oxygen pipe (4.4a) oxygen is supplied to the fermentation chamber and gas discharge duct When combined with (5), it can be said to be a very useful design from the practical point of view, which is used to discharge gas into the fermentation chamber. Efficient oxygen supply or gas discharge to the fermentation chamber is possible. This is because the driving force for fermenting organic matter is oxygen and gas is released.

The fermentation period in the case of fermenting an organic substance by providing an optimal fermentation environment as in the present invention is 15 days is sufficient. As a result of manufacturing the present invention and experimenting at various angles, the water content and temperature change of high-speed firing effect tablets of organic matter including food waste vary greatly depending on the compost material, season, and outside temperature, but if you introduce one of them, you can dehydrate food waste When diluting 5% of regulator rice, it becomes 65% of water content. This changes to 52% after 3 days, 69% after 5 days, 50% after 8 days, 45% after 10 days, and 40% after 15 days. In addition, when looking at the temperature changes, 40 ℃, 3 days 55 ℃ 5 days 72 ℃ 8 days and 50 ℃ 10 days 30 ℃ 15 days 25 ℃ and around, the volume of compost is very large depending on the amount of sawdust dilution . However, fermenting only food waste will reduce 40% by 3 days, 60% by 7 days, and 70% by 80% by 15 days.

If the sawdust is diluted more than 20%, it is only half-boiled. However, after fermentation method after this period, it is the most economical to accumulate in the compost loading or farmland and induce natural fermentation. Looking at the compost piles made from food waste stacked on farmland, even in the rainy season, rainwater penetrates only 2-3cm from the surface of the compost and has no effect on fermentation even if the cold temperature of minus 20 ℃ continues for more than 10 days. Does not occur at all and does not cause any disruption to the environment.

Most important for organic fermentation is fast fermentation if two conditions are met. The two conditions are in proper water content and oxygen supply. If a lot of air is supplied, the compost material dries, which hinders fermentation, and where the air supply is blocked due to insufficient air supply or uneven air supply, an anaerobic fermentation proceeds immediately, resulting in ammonia gas and leachate.

The present invention in consideration of the characteristics of the compost fermentation is the fermentation chamber in the fermentation temperature, humidity, gas pressure sensor for measuring the upper layer, the middle part. It was installed at the lower part, and the compost load sensors were configured at the middle and the lower part so as to be sensed at the outer periphery of the body so that the various matters in the fermentation chamber could be easily checked from the outside, so that the fermentation environment of the fermentation chamber could be maintained in an optimal state.

The fermented compost or semi-fermented compost fermented for 15 days or more in the fermentation chamber is discharged to the outside by a screw comb 6 configured at the bottom of the fermentation chamber, and then the foreign matter contained in the compost is sorted by the foreign matter selection device 7. It can be packaged in regular units, supplied to the user unpackaged, or transferred to the post fermentation shop.

In particular, the vertical fertilizer fermentation system of the present invention was to be input to the microcomputer the information sensed by the above-described various sensors installed in the fermentation chamber and built an automated system that processed it to operate without permission. Therefore, the sensor information, as well as the throughput of the compost material and the production of the product is automatically input to the computer to facilitate the management and operation of the compost fermentation facility.

The configuration described above is a configuration in which the oxygen pipe 4 is configured horizontally and the drive shaft of the stirring device is arranged vertically. The quadrilateral body 1 has an advantageous side when it is necessary to treat a large amount of organic waste. At this time, it can be constructed in the reverse of the above configuration. Oxygen supply line and gas discharge line can be built vertically or horizontally. When the body is a square, it is more effective to construct a multi-layered stirring layer that arranges a plurality of drive shafts of the stirring device horizontally. At this time, the configuration of the stirring device and the configuration of the oxygen supply line, gas discharge line is as described above.

The vertical fermentation fermentation system of the present invention is not only possible to supply oxygen evenly in every corner of the fermentation chamber, but also to create an optimal fermentation environment as a system for completely exhausting the gas present in every corner of the fermentation chamber. In such a fermentation environment, even the worst organic wastes can be fermented at high speed and produce high quality compost. In addition, since no anaerobic microorganisms exist in any part of the fermentation chamber, ammonia gas is prevented, and civil complaints due to air pollution can be prevented in advance.

In addition, the facility and the operation is easy, and the cost of the facility is reduced, as well as the management and operation costs are reduced. In particular, it is possible to solve environmental problems caused by organic waste, including food waste, and can contribute to the rural economy because it can supply high quality compost to rural areas.

Claims (5)

In the processing device for fermenting organic waste by composting A body (1) standing vertically for storing and fermenting the organic matter; An inlet (2) for injecting an organic material into the upper end of the body; An oxygen supply line (C) for dispersing and supplying oxygen to the compost material introduced through the inlet and a blower for supplying oxygen to the oxygen supply line; A gas discharge line (D) for discharging the gas inside the body; A deodorizer for deodorizing the gas discharged through the gas discharge line; A stirring device (B) having a stirring blade for stirring the compost material in the body; Vertical compost fermentation system, characterized in that coupled to the screw conveyor (6) for discharging the compost aged in the body to the outside of the body. In the processing device for fermenting organic waste by composting A body (1) standing vertically for storing and fermenting the organic matter; An air supply port 41 for supplying oxygen or exhausting gas to the inner circumference of the body; An inlet (2) for injecting an organic substance into the body; A dispersion comb 2 for dispersing and dropping the compost material introduced into the inlet; An oxygen supply line (C) for evenly dispersing and supplying oxygen to the compost material dispersed and dropped by the dispersion comb and a blower for supplying oxygen to the oxygen supply line; A gas discharge line (D) for discharging the gas inside the body; A deodorizer for deodorizing the gas discharged through the gas discharge line; A stirring device (B) having a stirring blade for stirring compost in the body; A screw conveyor for discharging the compost matured in the body to the outside of the body; Vertical compost fermentation system, characterized in that coupled to the foreign matter line device (7) for sorting the foreign matter in the compost discharged by the screw comb. In the processing device for fermenting organic waste by composting A body (1) standing vertically for storing and fermenting the organic matter; An inlet (2) for injecting an organic material into the upper end of the body; An oxygen supply line (C) for evenly dispersing and supplying oxygen to the compost material introduced through the inlet and a blower for supplying oxygen to the oxygen supply line; A gas discharge line (D) for discharging the gas inside the body; A deodorizer for deodorizing the gas discharged through the gas discharge line; Vertical compost fermentation system, characterized in that coupled to the screw loom (6) for discharging the compost aged in the body to the outside of the body. According to claim 1 to claim 3 The body (1) is a vertical compost fermentation system, characterized in that the configuration of the air supply port (41) that can be used for the oxygen supply or gas discharge in the body or the inner circumference of the body. According to claim 1 to claim 3 The oxygen supply line (C) and the oxygen pipe (4) having a plurality of oxygen injection port 42 for dispersing oxygen; An air valve 44 for adjusting an oxygen supply amount to a blowing pipe 43 which transfers oxygen to the oxygen pipe; A heater for heating oxygen transferred to the blower pipe 43; Vertical fertilizer fermentation system characterized in that the blower for supplying oxygen to the blowing pipe.