Continuous production device for high-purity graphite
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-metallic material technology, in particular to a continuous production device for high-purity graphite.
Background
The high-purity graphite is an inorganic non-metallic material produced by processing petroleum coke through a section of process, can be used for producing graphite electrodes, graphite crucibles, continuous casting powder and casting cores, can also be used as a carburant in steelmaking production, can be widely used as a power supply, an electric brush, a carbon rod, a graphite gasket, a high-temperature sealing ring, a high-temperature lubricant and the like in the electrical industry, and is a novel functional material which is indispensable in various fields of current industry, medicine, military and the like.
For example, Chinese patent publication No. CN101905882B, application No. 201010232634.1, discloses an apparatus and method for continuously producing high-purity bulk artificial graphite from petroleum coke or anthracite, which comprises a feed hopper, graphite electrodes, a furnace top, a lower furnace shell, a furnace bottom cooling water jacket, a cooler and a discharge hopper, wherein the furnace top is made of refractory materials and steel plates, the lower furnace shell is made of inner lining and steel plates, the inner lining materials are respectively alumina hollow sphere casting materials, mullite casting materials and fiber felts from inside to outside, the furnace bottom cooling water jacket is made of steel plates by welding, the cooler is connected with the furnace bottom cooling water jacket by a flange, cooling water pipes are transversely arranged in the cooler in a staggered manner, the apparatus is characterized in that an alternating current power supply is used, three graphite electrodes connected with a three-phase lead of the power supply are inserted into the furnace from the furnace top and then distributed in a regular triangle on the same circumference, the insertion depth, three volatile component and steam outlet openings are arranged on a graphite electrode distribution circle at the top of the furnace, when the vertical graphitizing furnace is used for continuous production, furnace burden is loaded once every 10-30 min, a product is discharged once, and 3-4 hours are needed for the materials to enter from a feed inlet and to be discharged from a discharge outlet. Although the vertical graphitization furnace disclosed in this document can realize continuous production of high purity graphite, the raw materials are unevenly distributed in the furnace chamber when entering the furnace chamber, which causes uneven heating, and thus improvement is desired.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous production device for high-purity graphite, which is used for solving the problem that raw materials are unevenly distributed in a furnace chamber during production of the conventional vertical graphite furnace.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a continuous production device for high-purity graphite, which comprises a furnace body, a furnace cover and a feed hopper, wherein a shell of the furnace body comprises a metal shell and a heat-preservation fireproof lining, the furnace cover is also provided with an air outlet, the feed hopper is arranged on the furnace cover and is positioned in the center of the furnace cover, the furnace cover is also provided with three graphite electrodes which downwards extend into the furnace body, the three graphite electrodes are uniformly arranged on the furnace cover by taking the central axis of the furnace body as the center, a feed baffle is arranged at a feed opening of the feed hopper, a material distribution table which is upwards convex and conical is arranged in the center of the feed baffle, the feed baffle is also provided with a plurality of feed holes positioned outside the material distribution table, and the plurality of feed holes are uniformly arranged by taking the central axis of the feed hopper as the center.
The continuous production device for high-purity graphite provided by the invention also has the following technical characteristics:
further, a discharge hole is formed in the lower end of the furnace body, and the distance between the central axis of the graphite electrode and the central axis of the furnace body is larger than or equal to the radius of the discharge hole.
Further, the graphite electrode is rotatably installed on the furnace cover, a plurality of disturbance bulges arranged at intervals are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the graphite electrode, and the plurality of disturbance bulges are spirally arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the graphite electrode and are uniformly spaced.
Further, the feeder hopper rotationally installs on the furnace cover, the feed opening of feeder hopper stretches into the furnace body just center disturbance ring is still installed to the lower extreme of feed opening, be equipped with spiral helicine disturbance board on the outer wall of center disturbance ring.
Furthermore, an electrode insulation support ring is installed in an electrode mounting hole in the furnace cover, an insulation fixing ring is fixed at the upper end of the graphite electrode, and a thrust ball bearing is installed between the electrode insulation support ring and the insulation fixing ring.
Further, the bottom of feeder hopper is equipped with and stretches into the feed cylinder of furnace body, the unloading baffle is located the bottom of feed cylinder down, the center disturbance ring is installed the lower extreme of feed cylinder down, the upper end of feed cylinder down with the junction of feeder hopper is equipped with cyclic annular brace table, cyclic annular brace table with install the cover between the bell and establish feed cylinder upper end thrust ball bearing down.
Furthermore, a first fluted disc is further mounted at the upper end of the graphite electrode, and a second fluted disc meshed with the first fluted disc is further mounted on the feed hopper; the furnace cover is further provided with a motor and a reduction gearbox, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox is provided with a third fluted disc meshed with the second fluted disc, and the motor drives the feed hopper and the graphite electrode to rotate through the third fluted disc.
Further, the spiral direction of the disturbance plate is the same as the spiral direction of the disturbance protrusion.
Furthermore, the bottom of the furnace body is also provided with an annular discharge baffle, and the width of the discharge baffle is less than or equal to the distance between the outer wall of the graphite electrode and the inner wall of the furnace body.
Furthermore, a discharging barrel corresponding to the central hole of the discharging baffle is arranged on the lower side of the discharging baffle, and a heat insulation cavity is formed between the discharging barrel and the inner wall of the furnace body.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the circular blanking baffle is arranged at the blanking port of the feeding hopper, the conical material distributing platform is arranged in the middle of the blanking baffle, and the material distributing platform and the outer side are also provided with a plurality of blanking holes which are uniformly distributed by taking the central axis of the feeding hopper as the center, so that the raw materials in the feeding hopper can uniformly enter the furnace body through the plurality of blanking holes, and the raw materials are uniformly distributed in the furnace chamber after entering the furnace chamber.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a continuous production apparatus for high purity graphite according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the continuous production apparatus for high purity graphite of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view at C of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the continuous production apparatus for high purity graphite of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction D-D of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the graphite electrode in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction E-E of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial view taken at F in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a feed hopper in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a feed hopper in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In one embodiment of the continuous production apparatus for high purity graphite of the present invention as shown in figures 1 to 12, the continuous production device for the high-purity graphite comprises a furnace body 10, a furnace cover 11 and a feed hopper 20, a shell of the furnace body 10 comprises a metal shell and a heat-preservation fireproof lining, an air outlet 111 is further formed in the furnace cover 11, the feed hopper 20 is installed on the furnace cover 10 and located in the center of the furnace cover 11, three graphite electrodes 30 extending downwards into the furnace body 10 are further installed on the furnace cover 11, the three graphite electrodes 30 are evenly arranged on the furnace cover 11 by taking the central axis of the furnace body 10 as the center, a feed opening of the feed hopper 20 is provided with a feed baffle 21, the center of the feed baffle 21 is provided with a material distribution table 22 protruding upwards and tapered, a plurality of feed holes 23 located outside the material distribution table 22 are further formed in the feed baffle 21, and the plurality of feed holes 23 are evenly arranged by taking the central axis of the feed. This application sets up circular shape unloading baffle through the feed opening at the feeder hopper, and unloading baffle middle part sets up conical branch material platform, divides the material platform still to be equipped with a plurality of central axes that use the feeder hopper with the outside and evenly arranges the unloading hole as the center, makes the raw materials in the feeder hopper can get into the furnace body through many each unloading hole uniformly from this, and the raw materials distributes evenly in the furnace chamber after getting into the furnace chamber.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the lower end of the furnace body 10 is provided with a discharge port 12, and the distance between the central axis of the graphite electrode 30 and the central axis of the furnace body 10 is greater than or equal to the radius of the discharge port 12, so that the material between the three graphite electrodes can be smoothly discharged through the discharge port 12 after being heated and insulated, and the material in the region between the three graphite electrodes and the inner wall of the furnace body can be retained in the furnace body to form an insulation region; preferably, the graphite electrodes are inserted into the furnace chamber to a depth of 1/2 to 2/3 of the height of the furnace body, so that the material can be sufficiently heated in the furnace chamber.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the graphite electrode 30 is rotatably mounted on the furnace cover 11, the outer cylindrical surface of the graphite electrode 30 is provided with a plurality of disturbance protrusions 31 arranged at intervals, and the plurality of disturbance protrusions 31 are spirally arranged and uniformly spaced on the outer cylindrical surface of the graphite electrode; when the graphite electrode heats the material in the furnace body, the material of the graphite electrode accessory is upwards lifted by rotating the disturbance protrusion which is spirally arranged and can be used for the material in the furnace body to flow in order to be fully heated, and the volatile and the steam generated after the material is heated can be turned and timely discharged along with the material. Preferably, the cross section of the disturbance protrusion 31 is isosceles trapezoid, so that part of the material is reliably lifted upwards by the spirally arranged disturbance protrusion; preferably, the rotation speed of the graphite electrode is 5r/min to 30r/min, namely the graphite electrode rotates at a lower rotation speed, and materials in the furnace body are slightly overturned by upwards lifting the materials around the graphite electrode.
In an embodiment of the present application, preferably, the feeder hopper 20 is rotationally installed on the furnace cover 11, and the feed opening of the feeder hopper 20 stretches into the furnace body 10 just center disturbance ring 24 is still installed to the lower extreme of feed opening, is equipped with spiral helicine disturbance board 25 on the outer wall of center disturbance ring 24, and from this when three graphite electrode rotates and upwards lifts the material in the furnace body, the feeder hopper 20 rotates and downwards pushes away the material at furnace body center through spiral helicine disturbance board 25 for the upset of material in the furnace body is realized to the protruding cooperation of disturbance on disturbance board and the graphite electrode, and the material distribution between the three graphite electrode in the furnace body is even, is heated evenly. Preferably, the cross section of the disturbing plate is isosceles trapezoid.
In one embodiment of the present application, it is preferable that an electrode insulation support ring 32 is installed in an electrode installation hole on the furnace cover 11, an insulation fixing ring 33 is fixed to an upper end of the graphite electrode 30, a thrust ball bearing 34 is installed between the electrode insulation support ring 32 and the insulation fixing ring 33, specifically, the electrode insulation support ring 32 is fixed to the furnace cover 11, the graphite electrode is inserted into a central hole of the electrode insulation support ring 32 and can rotate relative to the electrode insulation support ring 32, and the insulation fixing ring 33 is fixed to and rotates with the graphite electrode, thereby enabling the graphite electrode to be reliably installed on the furnace cover and rotate.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the bottom of the feeding hopper 20 is provided with a feeding barrel 26 extending into the furnace body 10, the feeding baffle 21 is located at the bottom of the feeding barrel 26, the central disturbance ring 24 is installed at the lower end of the feeding barrel 26, an annular support platform is provided at the connection between the upper end of the feeding barrel 26 and the feeding hopper 20, and a thrust ball bearing 27 sleeved on the upper end of the feeding barrel 26 is installed between the annular support platform and the furnace cover 11, so that the feeding hopper is reliably rotatably installed on the furnace cover through the thrust ball bearing 27.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the upper end of the graphite electrode 30 is further mounted with a first toothed disc 41, and the feeding hopper 20 is further mounted with a second toothed disc 42 engaged with the first toothed disc 41; the furnace cover 11 is also provided with a motor 44 and a reduction gearbox 45, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox 45 is provided with a third fluted disc 43 meshed with the second fluted disc 42, and the motor 44 drives the feeding hopper 20 and the graphite electrode 30 to rotate through the third fluted disc 43. Specifically, the first toothed disc 41 is fixedly mounted on the insulating fixing ring 33, so that the insulating fixing ring can be driven by the first toothed disc to rotate to drive the graphite electrode to rotate; the second fluted disc 42 is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the annular supporting platform on the feeding hopper 20, and the feeding hopper can be driven to rotate through the second fluted disc; the motor 44 drives the second gear disc to rotate through the third gear disc 43, and the second gear disc drives the feeding hopper to rotate and simultaneously drives the three graphite electrodes to rotate through the three first gear discs, so that the feeding hopper and the three graphite electrodes can be driven to rotate through one motor. Preferably, the spiral direction of the disturbing plate 25 is the same as the spiral direction of the disturbing protrusions 31, specifically, in this embodiment, all three graphite electrodes are driven by the first fluted disc, the feeding hopper is driven by the second fluted disc, the second fluted disc is meshed with the three first fluted discs, the rotation directions of the three graphite electrodes are the same, the rotation directions of the feeding hopper and the graphite electrodes are opposite, and when the spiral direction of the disturbing plate 25 is the same as the spiral direction of the disturbing protrusions 31, the disturbing plate can push down the material in the center of the furnace body when the disturbing protrusions on the three graphite electrodes lift the material in the furnace body, so that the material can be circularly stirred in the furnace body.
In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the bottom of the furnace body 10 is further provided with an annular discharge baffle 13, and the width L of the discharge baffle 13 is less than or equal to the distance between the outer wall of the graphite electrode 30 and the inner wall of the furnace body 10, so that the material between the graphite electrode and the inner wall of the furnace body is prevented from falling down by the annular discharge baffle 13, and the material in the region between the three graphite electrodes and the inner wall of the furnace body can be kept in the furnace body to form a heat preservation region. Preferably, a discharging barrel 14 corresponding to a central hole of the discharging baffle 13 is arranged at the lower side of the discharging baffle 13, a heat insulation cavity 15 is further formed between the discharging baffle 13, the discharging barrel 14 and the inner wall of the furnace body 10, and the discharging baffle is supported by the discharging barrel so that the discharging baffle is fixed reliably; preferably, a cooler, a discharge hopper and the like are further arranged on the lower side of the discharge port 12 of the furnace body 10, so that the material discharged after being heated and insulated by the graphite electrode in the furnace body can enter the discharge hopper or be cooled in the discharge hopper after being cooled by the cooler.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.