CN112661546A - Straw decomposed organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Straw decomposed organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112661546A CN112661546A CN202011434751.6A CN202011434751A CN112661546A CN 112661546 A CN112661546 A CN 112661546A CN 202011434751 A CN202011434751 A CN 202011434751A CN 112661546 A CN112661546 A CN 112661546A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a straw decomposed organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 parts of crop straw, 50-80 parts of vegetable leaves, 20-40 parts of animal wastes and 0.5-1.0 part of composite microorganism decomposing inoculant; the compound microorganism decomposing inoculant comprises pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi. The organic fertilizer takes the crop straws, the vegetable leaves and the animal wastes which are mixed in proportion as the organic materials, can reduce the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic matters in the single straws, and avoids the condition of nitrogen deficiency after the organic matters are applied to soil. The addition of the compound microorganism decomposing agent can greatly shorten the time required by decomposing, accelerate the reduction of the carbon-nitrogen ratio, contribute to the preservation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in compost and the increase of organic matters, and promote the balance of nutrients. After the fertilizer is applied to soil, the contents of organic matters and available nutrients in the soil can be increased, the acidified soil is improved, and the soil fertility is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a straw decomposed organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The straw is a byproduct of agricultural production, and the annual straw resource amount in China reaches 9.84 multiplied by 10 according to statistics8t, the traditional disposal or incineration method will pose a great threat to the agricultural ecological environment. The current comprehensive utilization of straws mainly comprises the steps of fertilizing, feeding, base-forming, fuel-forming, raw material-forming and the like, wherein the fertilizing utilization mainly comprises two modes of direct smashing and returning to the field and retting and returning to the field.
The mode of directly crushing and returning the straws to the field has the problems of low seedling rate, low tiller number, nutrient competition with the crops, imbalance of carbon-nitrogen ratio of soil and influence on the yield of the next crops due to overlarge straw returning amount. In addition, if the straws are directly returned to the field for a long time, common plant diseases and insect pests are aggravated, soil-borne diseases and seed-borne diseases tend to be aggravated year by year, agricultural production is directly influenced, and the dosage of pesticides and the like is increased.
Straw retting is returned field and is used for another important mode that straw fertilizer ization utilized, nevertheless because straw self carbon-nitrogen ratio is high to and difficult degradation organic matters such as cellulose, lignin are high, the nutrient content is low, the retting fermentation time is long, and it is big to receive the temperature influence, and output is also less, is unfavorable for large tracts of land popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems existing in the current straw fertilizer utilization, the invention aims to provide a straw decomposed organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fermentation time is short, the physical and chemical properties of soil can be rapidly improved after the straw decomposed organic fertilizer is applied, and the content of nutrients in the soil is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 parts of crop straw, 50-80 parts of vegetable leaves, 20-40 parts of animal wastes and 0.5-1.0 part of composite microorganism decomposing inoculant; the compound microorganism decomposing inoculant comprises pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi.
Further, the crop straw includes rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw, and tobacco straw.
Furthermore, the viable count ratio of pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi in the composite microorganism decomposing agent is 10-20:10-20:10-20:20-30: 5-15.
Furthermore, the content of viable bacteria of pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi in the composite microorganism decomposing agent is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 108cfu/ml。
Further, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the straw decomposed organic fertilizer is 25-35: 1.
A preparation method of straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting crop straws, vegetable leaves and animal wastes, airing, drying, intensively crushing and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed organic material;
(2) respectively culturing and activating pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi into zymocyte liquid, and mixing to obtain the compound microorganism decomposing agent;
(3) adding the compound microorganism decomposing agent into the mixed organic materials, uniformly mixing, stacking, adjusting the moisture of the stack body, covering a film, turning the stack for 5-6 times, and obtaining the straw decomposed organic fertilizer after composting.
Further, the moisture content of the stack body is kept between 60 and 65 percent, and the moisture content of the stack body is kept between 40 and 45 percent after the stack is turned for 4 times.
Further, the pH of the pack is 7-8.
Further, turning the pile once every 7-8d after the pile body is coated with the film.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the organic fertilizer takes the crop straws, the vegetable leaves and the animal wastes which are mixed in proportion as the organic materials, can reduce the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic matters in the single straws, and avoids the condition of nitrogen deficiency after the organic matters are applied to soil. The addition of the compound microorganism decomposing agent can greatly shorten the time required by decomposing, accelerate the reduction of the carbon-nitrogen ratio, contribute to the preservation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in compost and the increase of organic matters, and promote the balance of nutrients. After the fertilizer is applied to soil, the contents of organic matters and available nutrients in the soil can be increased, the acidified soil is improved, and the soil fertility is increased.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The materials used in the following examples are all commercially available from conventional sources.
Example 1
The straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of rice straws or wheat straws, 50 parts of vegetable leaves, 20 parts of animal wastes and 0.5 part of compound microorganism decomposing agent; the composite microbial decomposing inoculant comprises pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi, the viable count ratio is 10:15:20:20:15, and the viable count content of the pseudomonas stutzeri, the penicillium oxalicum, the rhizopus, the trametes versicolor and the white rot fungi is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 108cfu/ml. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the straw decomposed organic fertilizer is 25-35: 1.
A preparation method of straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting crop straws, vegetable leaves and animal wastes, airing, drying, intensively crushing and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed organic material;
(2) respectively culturing and activating pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi into zymocyte liquid, and mixing to obtain a compound microorganism decomposing agent;
(3) adding the composite microbial decomposition agent into the mixed organic materials, uniformly mixing, stacking, adjusting the moisture content of the stack to 60-65%, laminating, turning the stack once every 7-8d after laminating, keeping the moisture content of the stack at 40-45% after turning the stack for 4 times, turning the stack for 5-6 times in the period, keeping the pH of the stack at 7-8, and obtaining the straw decomposed organic fertilizer after finishing composting.
Example 2
The straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 300 parts of tobacco straw, 65 parts of vegetable leaves, 30 parts of animal waste and 0.75 part of composite microorganism decomposing agent; the composite microbial decomposing inoculant comprises pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi, the viable count ratio is 15:20:10:25:10, and the viable count content of the pseudomonas stutzeri, the penicillium oxalicum, the rhizopus, the trametes versicolor and the white rot fungi is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 108cfu/ml. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the straw decomposed organic fertilizer is 25-35: 1.
A preparation method of straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting crop straws, vegetable leaves and animal wastes, airing, drying, intensively crushing and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed organic material;
(2) respectively culturing and activating pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi into zymocyte liquid, and mixing to obtain a compound microorganism decomposing agent;
(3) adding the composite microbial decomposition agent into the mixed organic materials, uniformly mixing, stacking, adjusting the moisture content of the stack to 60-65%, laminating, turning the stack once every 7-8d after laminating, keeping the moisture content of the stack at 40-45% after turning the stack for 4 times, turning the stack for 5-6 times in the period, keeping the pH of the stack at 7-8, and obtaining the straw decomposed organic fertilizer after finishing composting.
Example 3
The straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 parts of corn straw, 80 parts of vegetable leaves, 40 parts of animal waste and 1.0 part of composite microorganism decomposing agent; the composite microbial decomposing inoculant comprises pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi, the viable count ratio is 20:10:15:30:5, and the viable count content of the pseudomonas stutzeri, the penicillium oxalicum, the rhizopus, the trametes versicolor and the white rot fungi is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 108cfu/ml. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the straw decomposed organic fertilizer is 25-35: 1.
A preparation method of straw decomposed organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting crop straws, vegetable leaves and animal wastes, airing, drying, intensively crushing and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed organic material;
(2) respectively culturing and activating pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi into zymocyte liquid, and mixing to obtain a compound microorganism decomposing agent;
(3) adding the composite microbial decomposition agent into the mixed organic materials, uniformly mixing, stacking, adjusting the moisture content of the stack to 60-65%, laminating, turning the stack once every 7-8d after laminating, keeping the moisture content of the stack at 40-45% after turning the stack for 4 times, turning the stack for 5-6 times in the period, keeping the pH of the stack at 7-8, and obtaining the straw decomposed organic fertilizer after finishing composting.
Experimental example 1 crop straw compost test
The straw-decomposed organic fertilizer prepared in examples 1 to 3 was treated 1 to 3, and single straw compost was used as a control, compost samples were collected after decomposition, and the organic matter, nitrogen phosphorus potassium content, pH and other indicators of different organic fertilizers were measured, with the results shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatments on Nutrients of straw compost products
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with the compost with single straw as an organic material, the straw-decomposed organic fertilizer has slightly low organic matter content, but has higher pH value, and the total nutrient content reaches 5.05-5.25%, which is remarkably increased compared with the control 2.69%.
Experimental example 2 fertilizer efficiency test of straw decomposed organic fertilizer
The straw-decomposed organic fertilizer prepared in examples 1 to 3 was used as treatment 1 to 3, the straw was directly ground and returned to the field as treatment 4, the single straw compost was used as treatment 5, and the organic matter content, pH and available nutrient content of the soil after fertilizer application were measured using no fertilizer as a control, and the results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 2 Effect of different straw compost products on the physicochemical Properties of the soil
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, compared with the control without fertilization, the treatment 1-5 can improve the content of organic matters and three available nutrients in the soil to a certain extent, the pH value of the soil is also improved to a certain extent, and the acidification degree is reduced, but the treatment 1-3 of the straw-decomposed organic fertilizer prepared by the application of the organic fertilizer prepared by the embodiment 1-3 of the invention has the effect obviously superior to the treatment 4 of directly crushing and returning the straws to the field and the treatment 5 of single straw compost.
Claims (9)
1. The straw decomposed organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 400 parts of crop straw, 50-80 parts of vegetable leaves, 20-40 parts of animal wastes and 0.5-1.0 part of composite microorganism decomposing inoculant; the compound microorganism decomposing inoculant comprises pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi.
2. The straw-decomposed organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the crop straw comprises rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw and tobacco straw.
3. The straw-decomposing organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the ratio of viable bacteria of pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi in the composite microbial decomposing agent is 10-20:10-20:10-20:20-30: 5-15.
4. The straw-decomposing organic fertilizer of claim 3, wherein the content of viable bacteria of Pseudomonas stutzeri, Penicillium oxalicum, Rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi in the composite microbial decomposing agent is not less than 2 x 108cfu/ml。
5. The straw-decomposed organic fertilizer of claim 1, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the straw-decomposed organic fertilizer is 25-35: 1.
6. A preparation method of the straw-decomposed organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting crop straws, vegetable leaves and animal wastes, airing, drying, intensively crushing and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed organic material;
(2) respectively culturing and activating pseudomonas stutzeri, penicillium oxalicum, rhizopus, trametes versicolor and white rot fungi into zymocyte liquid, and mixing to obtain a compound microorganism decomposing agent;
(3) adding the compound microorganism decomposing agent into the mixed organic materials, uniformly mixing, stacking, adjusting the moisture of the stack body, covering a film, turning the stack for 5-6 times, and obtaining the straw decomposed organic fertilizer after composting.
7. The production method according to claim 6, wherein the moisture content of the pack is maintained at 60 to 65%, and the moisture content of the pack is maintained at 40 to 45% after the pack is turned 4 times.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the pack pH is 7 to 8.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the stack is turned every 7 to 8 days after the lamination.
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| CN202011434751.6A CN112661546A (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Straw decomposed organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115322022A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-11 | 河南科技大学 | Straw decomposition agent, preparation method thereof and decomposition method of crop straws |
| CN115716768A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-02-28 | 黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院 | Straw decomposed fertilizer for black land |
Citations (3)
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| CN104692868A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 大连三科生物工程有限公司 | Application of bioorganic fertilizer to soil improvement |
| CN106220260A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-14 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Vegetable residuum, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry co composting technique |
| CN108929121A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-04 | 宁夏农林科学院种质资源研究所（宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心） | A method of During High-Temperature Composting is carried out using tomato stalk |
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2020
- 2020-12-10 CN CN202011434751.6A patent/CN112661546A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104692868A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 大连三科生物工程有限公司 | Application of bioorganic fertilizer to soil improvement |
| CN106220260A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-14 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Vegetable residuum, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry co composting technique |
| CN108929121A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-04 | 宁夏农林科学院种质资源研究所（宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心） | A method of During High-Temperature Composting is carried out using tomato stalk |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 孙丽娜 等: ""秸秆的微生物处理处置及强化技术研究进展"", 《沈阳大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115322022A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-11 | 河南科技大学 | Straw decomposition agent, preparation method thereof and decomposition method of crop straws |
| CN115322022B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2024-02-09 | 河南科技大学 | Straw decomposing agent, preparation method thereof and crop straw decomposing method |
| CN115716768A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-02-28 | 黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院 | Straw decomposed fertilizer for black land |
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Application publication date: 20210416 |