CN112645868A - 一种有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘及其合成方法 - Google Patents
一种有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘及其合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- QLULGIRFKAWHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-4-ylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QLULGIRFKAWHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/127—Preparation from compounds containing pyridine rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
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Abstract
一种有机单体1,3,6,8‑四吡啶芘及其合成方法,该有机单体的分子式为C36N4H22,是以芘环为中心,在1,3,6,8位置分别连接有四个吡啶形成的稠环化合物。在氩气气氛下,将4‑吡啶硼酸,1,3,6,8‑四溴芘和碳酸钾加入到二氧六环与水混合溶剂中,通过加入氯化钯和四(三苯基膦)钯催化该体系催化该反应体系,粗产物经过溶剂热重结晶得到晶态产物1,3,6,8‑四吡啶芘。本发明中得到的有机单体具有较高的结晶性,从而用X‑单晶衍射仪表征出化合物的精确结构,进而模拟得到其原始的粉末衍射峰,该合成方法简单,且产物易于分离和表征,其光吸收范围可达可见光区,其在功能材料的合成和光电催化方面有潜在的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,具体涉及一种基于Suzuki偶联反应有机单体,1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成方法与表征。
背景技术
芘,是一种四环稠环芳烃化合物,因其具有较大的π共轭体系,已经被证实具有优异的光学性能,基于芘环的各类衍生物在光电领域亦引起了广泛的关注和应用。到目前为止,利用经典的Suzuki偶联反应,已经合成出各种天然产物,农药以及精细化学品,该反应是在钯的催化下,将芳基硼酸和卤代芳烃或烯烃进行交叉偶联从而生成联芳化合物。然而,基于Suzuki偶联反应对于1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成和研究鲜有报道,目前涉及到的相关反应方法只能通过传统的柱层析分离和核磁技术分离解析产物,而这类大分子化合物的合成过程中往往副产物较多,产物溶解度低,从而增加了产物分离和结构解析的难度。因此,合成一种有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,且可以通过简单高效的手段分离得到并解析,具有非常重要的研究意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有合成过程副产物较多,产物溶解度低,产物分离和结构解析的难度较大的问题,提供一种有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成方法和表征。本发明基于Suzuki偶联反应原理和溶剂热重结晶的技术,首次实现了大量晶态产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成,并通过单晶衍射仪测定出其精确结构,且该有机单体的光吸收范围至可见光区域。
1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘是一种以芘环为中心,在1,3,6,8位置分别连接有四个吡啶的稠环芳香化合物,由于存在内在的大共轭体系,其在紫外和可见光区均有较好的光吸收。此外,1,3,6,8-四吡啶中的吡啶氮原子可以作为配位点,有利于过渡金属的配位形成配位聚合物,在功能材料的合成和光电催化方面有潜在的应用价值。
本发明的技术方案:
本发明提供的有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,以芘环为中心,在1,3,6,8位置分别连接有四个吡啶而形成的稠环芳香化合物,其分子式为C36N4H22。
所述的有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,晶体结构属于三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数为:a=3.94142(19),b=10.9293(5),c=26.6699(14),α=90°,β=91.916(5)°,γ=90°。具有吡啶氮,可作为配位点与过渡金属配位,光吸收范围可达可见光区,在功能材料的合成和光电催化方面有潜在的应用价值。
一种有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的新型合成方法,包括以下具体步骤:
(1)1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成:将二氧六环与水以3-4:1的体积比例混合置于三口瓶中,用氩气鼓泡脱气半小时后,将1,3,6,8-四溴芘和碳酸钾以摩尔比为1mmol:4mmol的物料投料比,以及4-6mmol的4-吡啶硼酸依次加入以上混合溶剂中,最后,将当量为0-0.07mmol的氯化钯以及0.1-0.2mmol四(三苯基膦)钯的催化剂加入到上述悬浊液中。最佳优化条件为1mmol的1,3,6,8-四溴芘推荐对应30mL的二氧六环以及10mL的水,催化剂的氯化钯和四(三苯基膦)钯的当量比为0.07mmol:0.15mmol,4-吡啶硼酸,1,3,6,8-四溴芘和碳酸钾以摩尔比为6mmol:1mmol:4mmol。该混合液在氩气气氛下,回流搅拌加热至89-96℃,反应3-4天,得到黄色粉末粗产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘。
(2)1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘产物溶剂热重结晶:将步骤(1)中所得的黄色粉末粗产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘用大量甲醇溶液洗涤和抽滤,在100℃下干燥6小时,将干燥后的黄色粉末粗产物和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀后,10mg的粗产物对应3-8mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,置于水热反应釜中加热重结晶,温度90-100℃,加热时间为12-24小时,降至室温后过滤,得到的大量黄色晶体即产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,用甲醇洗涤过滤,室温下自然干燥,产率为63.2%。
上述方法合成的1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘通过X-单晶衍射仪精确测定出其结构,通过紫外可见漫反射仪表征出该有机单体的光吸收范围可达可见光区域。
本发明的优点和有益效果:
本发明中合成的有机产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘具有较高的结晶性,通过溶剂热重结晶的方法,可以得到大量晶态产物,并可用X-单晶衍射仪表征出化合物的精确结构,从而对其原始的粉末衍射峰进行模拟,该合成方法简单,产物易于分离和表征,且对其进行紫外可见漫反射光谱研究,表明产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘具有良好的光吸收能力,其光吸收范围可至可见光区域。
附图说明
图1为该有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的晶体形貌图。
图2为该有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘晶体结构图。
图3为该有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘模拟的X射线粉末衍射(XRD)图。
图4为该有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的红外光谱图。
图5为该有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的紫外可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vi)图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明,典型实施例旨在给出具体实施时的参考,而不是对本发明的保护范围的限制。
【实施例1】
1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成:将30mL的二氧六环与10mL的水置于三口瓶中,用氩气鼓泡脱气半小时后,将4-吡啶硼酸,1,3,6,8-四溴芘和碳酸钾以6mmol:1mmol:4mmol的物料投料比依次加入混合溶剂中,并将催化剂氯化钯和四(三苯基膦)钯以0.07:0.15的当量比加入到上述悬浊液中,该混合液在90℃的条件下和氩气气氛下回流搅拌,反应4天。所得的黄色粉末粗产物用大量甲醇溶液洗涤和抽滤,在100℃下干燥6小时。
将干燥后的黄色粉末粗产物和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺按10mg:3mL的比例混合均匀置于水热反应釜中加热,温度100℃,加热反应时间为16小时,降至室温后过滤,得到的大量黄色晶体即产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘(图1)。
1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成路线如下:
【实施例2】
1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成:将30mL的二氧六环与10mL的水置于三口瓶中,用氩气鼓泡脱气半小时后,将4-吡啶硼酸,1,3,6,8-四溴芘和碳酸钾以5mmol:1mmol:4mmol的物料投料比依次加入混合溶剂中,并将催化剂四(三苯基膦)钯以0.18的当量加入到上述悬浊液中,该混合液在93℃的条件下和氩气气氛下回流搅,反应3.5天。所得的黄色粉末粗产物用大量甲醇溶液洗涤和抽滤,在100℃下干燥6小时。
将干燥后的黄色粉末粗产物和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺按2mg:1mL的比例混合均匀置于水热反应釜中加热,温度90℃,加热反应时间为12小时,降至室温后过滤,得到的大量黄色晶体即产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘。
【实施例3】
1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成:将30mL的二氧六环与10mL的水置于三口瓶中,用氩气鼓泡脱气半小时后,将4-吡啶硼酸,1,3,6,8-四溴芘和碳酸钾以4mmol:1mmol:4mmol的物料投料比依次加入混合溶剂中,并将催化剂四(三苯基膦)钯以0.15的当量加入到上述悬浊液中,该混合液在90℃的条件下和氩气气氛下回流搅拌,反应4天。所得的黄色粉末粗产物用大量甲醇溶液洗涤和抽滤,在100℃下干燥6小时。
将干燥后黄色粉末粗产物和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺按5mg:4mL的比例混合均匀置于水热反应釜中加热,温度100℃,加热反应时间为24小时,降至室温后过滤,得到的大量黄色晶体即产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘。
三、1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的结构测定及表征
收集上述合成的样品,选取外观完整和规则的晶体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,采用的扫描方式,在单晶衍射仪上收集衍射点数据,从而测定出1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的精确结构(图2)以及模拟出相关的XRD(图3),进一步测定出其结构的红外光谱图(图4),并称取20mg的1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,将其置于固体紫外可见光谱(UV-Vi)的凹槽中,对得到的紫外可见漫反射光谱研究表明所合成材料的光吸收可至可见光区(图5)。
上述内容为本发明中部分较佳实施例,但本发明不应局限于该实例所公开内容。因此,凡不脱离本发明所公开的精神下完成的等效或修改,都落入本发明保护的范围。在描述和说明时使用了少量必要术语,其也不构成对发明的限制。
Claims (6)
1.一种有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,该有机单体是以芘环为中心,在1,3,6,8位置分别连接有四个吡啶形成的稠环芳香化合物,分子式为C36N4H22。
2.按照权利要求1所述的有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,其特征在于,晶体结构属于三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数为:a=3.94142(19),b=10.9293(5),c=26.6699(14),α=90°,β=91.916(5)°,γ=90°。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,其特征在于,具有高的结晶性,其中的吡啶氮,可作为配位点与过渡金属配位,光吸收范围可达可见光区,在功能材料的合成和光电催化方面有潜在的应用价值。
4.权利要求1或2所述的有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成方法,包含以下步骤:
(1)在氩气气氛下,将1,3,6,8-四溴芘和碳酸钾以及4-吡啶硼酸以1mmol:4mmol:4-6mmol的投料比加入到体积比例为3-4:1二氧六环与水混合溶剂中,在氯化钯和四(三苯基膦)钯的催化下,回流搅拌加热,得到黄色粉末粗产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘;
(2)将步骤(1)中所得的黄色粉末粗产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘经过溶剂热重结晶得到晶态产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘。
5.根据权利要求4所述的有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,氯化钯的当量为0-0.07mmol,四(三苯基膦)钯的当量为0.1-0.2mmol,其中,每1mmol的1,3,6,8-四溴芘对应30-40mL的二氧六环以及10mL的水;上述反应的温度为89-96℃,反应时间为3-4天,所得的黄色粉末粗产物用甲醇溶液洗涤和抽滤,在100℃下干燥6小时。
6.根据权利要求4所述的有机单体1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘的合成方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,溶剂热重结晶方法包含以下步骤:将干燥后的粗产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀后,置于水热反应釜中加热重结晶,10mg的粗产物对应3-8mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,温度90-100℃,加热时间为12-24小时,降至室温后过滤,得到的黄色晶体即产物1,3,6,8-四吡啶芘,用甲醇洗涤过滤,室温下自然干燥。
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