CN112643177A - Consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding apparatus - Google Patents
Consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN112643177A CN112643177A CN202110061243.6A CN202110061243A CN112643177A CN 112643177 A CN112643177 A CN 112643177A CN 202110061243 A CN202110061243 A CN 202110061243A CN 112643177 A CN112643177 A CN 112643177A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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Abstract
The invention provides a consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: feeding welding wire, and alternately using a first stage and a second stage to perform welding; in the first stage, electrode positive polarity current is switched on, and short circuit transition welding is carried out by adopting the positive polarity current; and in the second stage, the negative polarity current of the electrode is switched on, the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire from the end part of the welding wire, adhere to and clean the surface of the welding wire. The invention can utilize negative pulse to make the electric arc climb along the welding wire, clean the oxidation film and oil stain on the surface of the welding wire, greatly reduce the porosity and improve the welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of consumable electrode arc welding, in particular to a consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding equipment.
Background
In actual welding, the problem of high porosity caused by poor surface quality of welding wires in the welding process of carbon steel, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, particularly aluminum alloy welding. Taking aluminum alloy welding as an example: at present, arc welding and friction stir welding are mainly used for welding aluminum alloy in the market, the arc welding has high percentage of porosity, the problem of air holes in the arc welding is a difficult problem which is troubling the industry, particularly, metal-inert gas (MIG) welding has high porosity, which is a ubiquitous problem in the aluminum alloy industry, because of the physical characteristics of low melting point, high heat conduction, and the like of the aluminum alloy, the air holes are difficult to escape quickly in the welding process of the aluminum alloy and are retained in a welding seam, which is a potential hidden danger and influences the strength of the welding seam, and the base metal is cleaned before the welding, so that the gas purity is ensured to reduce the source of the air holes, but in fact, no matter how clean the base metal is cleaned, the gas is purified, the air holes cannot be completely eliminated, even exist all the time, because the influence of the surface of the welding wire is ignored, the lubricating agent is properly used for preventing oxidation and rusting when the welding, the invention aims to solve the problem of dirt on the surface of the welding wire and reduce the porosity of a welding seam.
Although the AC welding aluminum alloy is already available, the AC welding aluminum alloy is mainly used for TIG welding, and MIG welding is rarely applied, so the prior AC welding aluminum alloy also has the effect of cleaning oxide scale, but the control of cleaning the oxide scale on the surface of a welding wire is not carried out aiming at the oxide scale on the surface of a base metal, and the oxide film of the welding wire is regularly cleaned by utilizing the reverse polarity of the electric arc through designing a brand new welding waveform to form a transition section, thereby forming a virtuous cycle of cleaning before the transition, controlling the arc length of the electric arc in the transition period, and ensuring that no oxidizing components such as oil stains and the like form air holes in the welding process.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding apparatus.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding equipment, which overcome the difficulties in the prior art, can utilize negative pulse to enable an arc to climb along a welding wire, clean an oxide film and oil stains on the surface of the welding wire, greatly reduce the porosity and improve the welding quality.
The embodiment of the invention provides a consumable electrode pulse arc welding method, which comprises the following steps:
feeding welding wire, and alternately using a first stage and a second stage to perform welding;
in the first stage, electrode positive polarity current is switched on, and short circuit transition welding is carried out by adopting the positive polarity current;
and in the second stage, switching on negative polarity current of the electrode, wherein the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire from the end part of the welding wire, adhere to and clean the surface of the welding wire.
Preferably, the duration of the first phase is greater than the duration of the second phase.
Preferably, in each of the first stages, the total length of the wire fed is equal to or less than the height of the arc climbing along the wire in the last of the second stages.
Preferably, in each second stage, the height of the arc climbing along the welding wire is detected, and the time length of the next first stage is obtained according to the height and the preset wire feeding speed.
Preferably, in the first phase, the positive polarity current is up to 200 to 300 amps.
Preferably, in the first phase, the peak value of the positive polarity current is 0.1 msec to 0.5 msec.
Preferably, in the second phase, the negative-going pulse has a current of up to 400 to 550 amps.
Preferably, in the second phase, the peak value of the negative-going pulse is 2 milliseconds to 10 milliseconds.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a consumable electrode pulse arc welding system for implementing the consumable electrode pulse arc welding method, where the consumable electrode pulse arc welding system includes:
a wire feed module for guiding the wire; and
the power supply control module is used for welding in a first stage and a second stage which are alternately used, wherein the electrode positive polarity current is switched on in the first stage, and short-circuit transition welding is carried out by adopting the positive polarity current;
and in the second stage, switching on negative polarity current of the electrode, wherein the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire, adhere to and clean the surface of the welding wire.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a climbing detection module for detecting the height of the arc climbing along the welding wire in each second phase; and
and the time length adjusting module is used for obtaining the time length of the next first stage according to the height and the preset wire feeding speed.
The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and the welding equipment can utilize negative pulse to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire, clean the oxide film and oil stain on the surface of the welding wire, greatly reduce the porosity and improve the welding quality.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a consumable electrode pulsed arc welding method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of a consumable electrode pulsed arc welding process embodying the present invention.
Fig. 3 to 5 are schematic views of processes for carrying out the consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a consumable electrode pulse arc welding system embodying the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a consumable electrode pulsed arc welding method of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a consumable electrode pulse arc welding method, including the steps of: feeding a welding wire, and alternately performing welding in steps S110 (first stage) and S120 (second stage);
and S110, switching on positive polarity current of the electrode in the first stage, and performing short circuit transition welding by adopting the positive polarity current.
And S120, switching on negative polarity current of the electrode in the second stage, wherein the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire from the end part of the welding wire and adhere to and clean the surface of the welding wire.
The invention achieves the purpose of cleaning the oxide and oil stain on the surface of the welding wire by designing the negative high-energy pulse to act on the welding wire end intermittently, and then melts and transfers the cleaned welding wire into a molten pool by using a short arc to achieve the purpose of cleaning the main source of the air holes. The welding process comprises cleaning, transition, cleaning and transition in an alternating mode, and transition is carried out after each section of welding wire is cleaned.
The invention discloses a welding method of a welding wire, which is characterized in that a positive transition stage mainly adopts short circuit transition in the welding process, the arc length is reduced, and the mixing of external impurities is reduced, a high-energy arc with a negative pulse (a negative cleaning stage) can climb along the welding wire, the principle is that the arc can actively search for an oxide (because the ionization potential of the oxide is obviously lower than that of metal) with a cathode area easy to ionize to lose electrons, so that the arc can be firstly attached to the surface of the welding wire, the effect of cleaning an oxidation film and oil stains can be achieved when the energy is large enough, and the cleaned welding wire is melted and transited to the welding line by short circuit transition after the negative pulse, thereby achieving the purposes of cleaning the welding wire and reducing the porosity.
In a preferred embodiment, the duration of the first phase is longer than the duration of the second phase, but not limited thereto.
In a preferred embodiment, in each first stage, the total length of the fed wire is less than or equal to the height of the arc climbing along the wire in the last second stage, so as to ensure that the surface of the wire to be welded is already cleaned, thereby reducing the porosity and improving the welding quality.
In a preferred embodiment, in each first stage, the total length of the fed wire is 20% to 80% of the height of the arc climbing along the wire in the last second stage. Alternatively, in each first stage, the total length of the fed wire is any one of 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% of the height of the arc climbing along the wire in the last second stage, which is not limited to this. The higher the total length of the feed wire is, the higher the percentage of the height of the arc that climbs along the wire in the last second stage, the faster the welding speed. The lower the total length of the feed wire is the percentage of the height of the arc climbing along the wire in the last second stage, the purest the wire surface and the better the welding quality.
In a preferred embodiment, in each second phase, the height H of the arc climbing along the wire is detected, and the duration T of the next first phase is obtained from the height H of the arc climbing along the wire and the preset wire feed speed V, for example: t ═ H ÷ V, in order to guarantee that the surface of the welding wire that carries on welding is already cleared up, thus reduce the porosity, has improved the welding quality. In the present embodiment, the existing arc height measuring sensor is used, but not limited thereto.
In a preferred embodiment, the positive polarity current is up to 200 to 300 amps in the first phase, but not limited thereto.
In a preferred embodiment, the peak value of the positive polarity current is 0.1 ms to 0.5 ms in the first phase, but not limited thereto.
In a preferred embodiment, the negative-going pulse current is up to 400 to 550 amps in the second phase, but not limited thereto.
In a preferred embodiment, the peak value of the negative-going pulse is 2 ms to 10 ms in the second phase, but not limited thereto.
The following describes a specific implementation of the present invention with reference to fig. 2 to 5.
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of a consumable electrode pulsed arc welding process embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the voltage U and the current I during welding of the steel plate 6 by alternately using the first stage a and the second stage B in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the first stage A, the electrode positive polarity current is switched on, the positive polarity current is adopted for short-circuit transition welding, in the first stage, the maximum positive polarity current I is 200 amperes to 300 amperes, the peak value of the positive polarity current is 0.1 millisecond to 0.5 millisecond, and in the first stage, the short-circuit transition welding is mainly carried out through energy output.
And in the second stage B, the negative polarity current of the electrode is switched on, the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire from the end part of the welding wire and attach to and clean the surface of the welding wire. The duration of the first stage is longer than that of the second stage, in the second stage, the current I of the negative pulse is 400-550 amperes at most, the peak value of the negative pulse is 2-10 milliseconds, in the second stage, the electric arc mainly climbs along the welding wire by using the negative pulse, the oxide film and oil stains on the surface of the welding wire are cleaned, and the surface of the welding wire in short circuit transition welding in the next stage is ensured not to contain bubbles and oil stains, so that the porosity is greatly reduced, and the welding quality is improved.
Fig. 3 to 5 are schematic views of processes for carrying out the consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3 to 5, fig. 3 corresponds to the first stage a on the left in fig. 2, fig. 4 corresponds to the second stage B in fig. 2, and fig. 5 corresponds to the first stage a after the second stage B in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the nozzle 2 is installed in the shield gas hood 1, and the nozzle 2 guides the end 41 of the welding wire 3 to the welding point, and at this time, the electrode positive polarity current is turned on, and short-circuit transition welding is performed by the positive polarity current.
As shown in fig. 4, the negative polarity current of the electrode is switched on, the negative polarity current is a negative pulse, and the arc ascends along the welding wire 3 from the end 41 of the welding wire 3 by the negative pulse, adheres to and cleans the surface of the welding wire 3. Then, the height H at which the arc climbs along the welding wire 3 is detected by using a conventional arc height measuring sensor.
As shown in fig. 5, short-circuit transfer welding is performed again by switching on the electrode positive polarity current and using the positive polarity current. The total length S of the fed welding wire in the stage is 50-70% of the climbing height H of the electric arc along the welding wire in the last second stage B, so that the local welding wire with the fully cleaned surface caused by the climbing height can be utilized as far as possible, the surface of the welding wire to be welded is ensured to be cleaned, and the welding speed and the welding quality are considered.
The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method can utilize negative pulse to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire, clean the oxide film and oil stains on the surface of the welding wire, greatly reduce the porosity and improve the welding quality.
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a consumable electrode pulse arc welding system embodying the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the present invention also provides a consumable electrode pulse arc welding apparatus 5 for implementing the consumable electrode pulse arc welding method described above, including: a wire feeding module 51, a power control module 52, a climb detection module 53 and a duration adjustment module 54.
The wire feed module 51 is used to guide the wire.
The power control module 52 alternately uses a first stage and a second stage to perform welding, wherein the electrode positive polarity current is switched on in the first stage, and short circuit transition welding is performed by adopting the positive polarity current; and in the second stage, the negative polarity current of the electrode is switched on, the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire, adhere to and clean the surface of the welding wire.
The climb detection module 53 detects the height of the arc climbing along the wire in each second phase.
The duration adjustment module 54 obtains the duration of the next first stage based on the altitude and the preset wire feed speed.
In summary, the present invention aims to provide a consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding equipment, and the consumable electrode pulse arc welding system of the present invention can utilize negative pulse to make the arc climb along the welding wire, clean the oxidation film and oil stain on the surface of the welding wire, greatly reduce the porosity, and improve the welding quality.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A consumable electrode pulse arc welding method is characterized by comprising
Feeding welding wire, and alternately using a first stage and a second stage to perform welding;
in the first stage, electrode positive polarity current is switched on, and short circuit transition welding is carried out by adopting the positive polarity current;
and in the second stage, switching on negative polarity current of the electrode, wherein the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire from the end part of the welding wire, adhere to and clean the surface of the welding wire.
2. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of claim 1, wherein a duration of the first stage is greater than a duration of the second stage.
3. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of claim 1, wherein in each of the first stages, a total length of the wire fed is less than or equal to a height along which the arc climbs along the wire in a previous one of the second stages.
4. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of claim 1, wherein in each of the second stages, a height at which the arc climbs along the welding wire is detected, and a duration of a next one of the first stages is obtained based on the height and a preset wire feed speed.
5. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of claim 1, wherein the positive polarity current is up to 200 to 300 amps in the first phase.
6. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of claim 1, wherein in the first phase, the peak value of the positive polarity current is 0.1 to 0.5 milliseconds.
7. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of claim 1, wherein the negative pulse current is up to 400 to 550 amps during the second phase.
8. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding method of claim 1, wherein a peak value of the negative-going pulse is 2 to 10 milliseconds in the second stage.
9. A consumable electrode pulse arc welding apparatus for carrying out the consumable electrode pulse arc welding method according to claim 1, comprising:
a wire feed module for guiding the wire; and
the power supply control module is used for welding in a first stage and a second stage which are alternately used, wherein the electrode positive polarity current is switched on in the first stage, and short-circuit transition welding is carried out by adopting the positive polarity current;
and in the second stage, switching on negative polarity current of the electrode, wherein the negative polarity current is negative pulse, and the negative pulse is adopted to enable the electric arc to climb along the welding wire, adhere to and clean the surface of the welding wire.
10. The consumable electrode pulse arc welding apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:
a climbing detection module for detecting the height of the arc climbing along the welding wire in each second phase; and
and the time length adjusting module is used for obtaining the time length of the next first stage according to the height and the preset wire feeding speed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110061243.6A CN112643177A (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-01-18 | Consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110061243.6A CN112643177A (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-01-18 | Consumable electrode pulse arc welding method and welding apparatus |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58154461A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1983-09-13 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Device for tig welding |
| CN1593830A (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2005-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Catelectrode atomization type preweld cleaning equipment for aluminum alloy welding wire |
| CN103182592A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | 哈尔滨学兴科技开发有限公司 | Alternating current and direct current hybrid welding method and device |
| CN103341681A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-state double-wire electrical arc welding device and welding method |
| US20200070272A1 (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Systems and methods for wire surface oxidation removal and/or wire preheating using a tungsten arc |
-
2021
- 2021-01-18 CN CN202110061243.6A patent/CN112643177A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58154461A (en) * | 1982-03-08 | 1983-09-13 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Device for tig welding |
| CN1593830A (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2005-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Catelectrode atomization type preweld cleaning equipment for aluminum alloy welding wire |
| CN103182592A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-03 | 哈尔滨学兴科技开发有限公司 | Alternating current and direct current hybrid welding method and device |
| CN103341681A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-state double-wire electrical arc welding device and welding method |
| US20200070272A1 (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Systems and methods for wire surface oxidation removal and/or wire preheating using a tungsten arc |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 杭争翔等: "变极性脉冲MIG焊的控制", 《电焊机》 * |
| 袁磊等: "铝合金AC-P-MIG焊接电弧行为及熔滴过渡过程", 《上海交通大学学报》 * |
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