CN112640970A - Continuous black tea fermentation equipment and process - Google Patents
Continuous black tea fermentation equipment and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112640970A CN112640970A CN202011531687.3A CN202011531687A CN112640970A CN 112640970 A CN112640970 A CN 112640970A CN 202011531687 A CN202011531687 A CN 202011531687A CN 112640970 A CN112640970 A CN 112640970A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/08—Oxidation; Fermentation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/12—Rolling or shredding tea leaves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of black tea fermentation, and particularly discloses equipment and a process for a continuous black tea fermentation group, wherein the equipment comprises a fermentation box, a sliding frame is arranged in the fermentation box, a plurality of groups of connecting rods perpendicular to the sliding frame are arranged on the sliding frame, and an air conveying cylinder with a hollow inner part is arranged at the lower end part of each connecting rod; the gas transmission cylinder is provided with a gas transmission cylinder through hole, and the fermentation cavity is internally provided with a plurality of placing boxes; an air conveying cavity is arranged in the sliding frame, and a first hose for communicating the air conveying cylinder with the air conveying cavity is arranged on the sliding frame; be equipped with heating mechanism mounting box in the fermentation case, be equipped with humidifier and electric heater in the heating mechanism mounting box, be equipped with the second hose that is used for intercommunication gas transmission chamber and heating mechanism mounting box in the fermentation chamber, still be equipped with the fan in the fermentation chamber. The invention avoids the great difference of the fermentation and drying effects of the black tea in different boxes caused by the inconsistent temperature and humidity in various parts of the fermentation cavity, thereby better improving the fermentation and drying effects of the black tea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of black tea fermentation, in particular to a continuous black tea fermentation set device and a continuous black tea fermentation process.
Background
Black tea belongs to the category of fully fermented tea, and is prepared by using buds and leaves of tea trees as raw materials and refining the raw materials through typical technological processes of withering, rolling, fermentation, drying and the like. The tea is named as black tea because the color of the dry tea and the brewed tea soup are mainly red. In the processing procedure of the black tea, fermentation is a unique stage of black tea preparation, and the leaf color is changed from green to red through fermentation, so that the quality characteristics of black tea red leaf red soup are formed. The mechanism is that under the action of rolling leaves, the structure of tissue cell membranes is damaged, the permeability is increased, so that polyphenols are fully contacted with oxidase, the oxidation polymerization is generated under the action of the enzyme, other chemical components are correspondingly deeply changed, green tea leaves are reddened, and the color, fragrance and taste quality of black tea is formed. At present, fermentation is generally carried out by controlling the temperature and time by using a fermentation machine. The fermentation is moderate, the color of the tender leaves is red and uniform, the old leaves are red and green, the green grass smell disappears, and the ripe fruit fragrance is achieved.
The patent document with the publication number of CN211721750U discloses a constant-temperature black tea fermentation device, which comprises a fermentation box and a working cavity, wherein an air distribution pipe is arranged below the fermentation box; the working cavity comprises a heating device and a cooling device; the heating device comprises a heating coil and a hot air channel; the cooling device comprises a condenser and a cold air channel, a fixed net disc is arranged in the main air pipe, and a sponge layer is arranged above the fixed net disc. Although the utility model can keep the proper humidity in the fermentation box; however, in actual use, the humidity of the upper layer and the lower layer in the fermentation box is different, so that the fermentation effect of the black tea is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
a continuous black tea fermentation group device comprises a fermentation box, wherein a fermentation cavity with a single side opening is arranged in the fermentation box, an exhaust pipe communicated with the fermentation cavity is arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation box, and a one-way valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe; a sealing door for sealing the fermentation cavity is arranged on the fermentation box; a slidable sliding frame is arranged in the fermentation cavity, two first sliding rails are arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation cavity, a sliding block matched with the first sliding rails is arranged at the upper end part of the sliding frame, a first screw rod positioned between the two first sliding rails is arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation cavity, a first screw rod nut matched with the first screw rod is arranged on the sliding block, and a first motor used for driving the first screw rod is arranged in the fermentation box; the sliding frame comprises two vertical rods arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity, a cross rod used for connecting the two vertical rods is arranged between the two vertical rods, a plurality of groups of connecting rods arranged perpendicular to the sliding frame are arranged on the sliding frame, and an air conveying cylinder with a hollow inner part is arranged at the lower end part of each connecting rod; the gas transmission cylinder is provided with a plurality of gas transmission cylinder through holes which are uniformly distributed, and the fermentation cavity is internally provided with a plurality of placing boxes which are arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity and are positioned below the gas transmission cylinder; an air conveying cavity is arranged in the sliding frame, and a first hose for communicating the air conveying cylinder with the air conveying cavity is arranged on the sliding frame; keep away from fermentation chamber open-ended tip in the fermentation case and be equipped with heating mechanism mounting box, be equipped with humidifier and electric heater in the heating mechanism mounting box, be equipped with the second hose that is used for intercommunication gas transmission chamber and heating mechanism mounting box in the fermentation chamber, be equipped with the fan that is arranged in with the air drum in the heating mechanism mounting box in the fermentation chamber into the gas transmission chamber.
The black tea fermentation and drying device not only realizes the fermentation and drying of the black tea, but also keeps the temperature and the humidity of each part in the fermentation cavity consistent in the processes of the fermentation of the black tea and the black tea through the arrangement of the air conveying cylinder, thereby avoiding the great difference of the fermentation and drying effects of the black tea in different boxes caused by the inconsistent temperature and humidity of each part in the fermentation cavity, and further better improving the fermentation and drying effects of the black tea.
Preferably, the two vertical rods of the sliding frame are respectively provided with a second sliding rail arranged along the height direction of the vertical rods, the sliding frame is provided with an installation support capable of moving along the height direction of the vertical rods, two ends of the installation support are provided with sliding grooves matched with the second sliding rails, the center of the sliding frame is provided with a second lead screw arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity, the installation support is provided with a second lead screw nut matched with the second lead screw, and the bottom end part of the sliding frame is provided with a second motor used for driving the second lead screw; the mounting bracket is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting rods positioned between the placing box and the connecting rod, the end part of the mounting rod far away from the mounting bracket is provided with an air guide seat, an air guide cavity with the opening diameter smaller than the diameter of the inner wall is arranged in the air guide seat, and the end part of the first hose is communicated with the air guide cavity; the two ends of the air conveying cylinder are provided with rotating cylinders communicated with the inner cavity of the air conveying cylinder, the end parts of the rotating cylinders extend into the air guide cavity, and the end parts of the rotating cylinders, which extend into the air guide cavity, are expanded outwards along the circumferential direction to form flanges in clearance fit with the inner wall of the air guide cavity.
According to the invention, through the structural arrangement of the mounting bracket and the rotating cylinder, the black tea continuous fermentation group equipment in the embodiment can be better suitable for the rolling operation of black tea.
Preferably, the upper end of the gas conveying cylinder is provided with a rotatable material overturning mechanism, the material overturning mechanism comprises two rotatable installation seats which are respectively arranged on the rotating cylinder, the installation seats are integrally triangular, a roller shaft used for connecting the two installation seats is arranged between the two installation seats, a conveying belt is arranged between the two roller shafts, the installation seats are provided with driving mechanisms used for driving the two roller shafts, and a scraping plate located at one end of the conveying belt is further arranged between the two installation seats.
According to the tea leaf fermentation and drying device, due to the arrangement of the material turning mechanism structure, tea leaves at the bottom layer can be sufficiently rolled when the tea leaves are rolled, so that heat accumulated in the tea leaf layer is discharged through the material turning mechanism in the tea leaf fermentation and drying processes, and the problem that the tea leaf fermentation and drying effects are poor due to the fact that the heat cannot be discharged in the tea leaves in the tea leaf fermentation and drying processes is solved.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a first gear which is arranged on the mounting seat and is in clearance fit with the rotating cylinder, and a rack which is vertically arranged on the connecting rod and is matched with the first gear.
According to the invention, through the arrangement of the first gear and the rack, the rotation of the mounting seat can be realized more conveniently, namely the rotation of the scraper and the conveyor belt is realized more conveniently.
Preferably, a plurality of groups of blocking columns which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the conveyor belt, and a strip-shaped groove which is in clearance fit with the blocking columns is arranged at the end part, close to the conveyor belt, of the scraper.
According to the tea leaf stirring device, due to the arrangement of the retaining columns, tea leaves can be prevented from sliding down from the conveying belt when the tea leaves are stirred, so that the tea leaf stirring effect is better improved, and the tea leaves on the scraping plate can be stably stirred and conveyed to the conveying belt through the arrangement of the strip-shaped grooves.
Preferably, a toothed belt installation cavity is formed in the installation seat, the end parts of the roll shafts extend into the toothed belt installation cavity, second gears located in the toothed belt installation cavity are arranged at the two end parts of the roll shafts, and toothed belts used for connecting the second gears on the two roll shafts are arranged in the toothed belt installation cavity; a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is arranged at the end part of the connecting rod close to the gas transmission cylinder, a connecting pipe used for communicating the gas transmission cavity with the input end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is arranged on the connecting rod, one end of a first hose is connected with one end of two output ends of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, and the other end of the first hose is communicated with the gas guide cavity; be equipped with two blade installation cavities that are located the tooth area installation cavity side in the mount pad, the tip that lies in the blade installation cavity on the roller is equipped with a plurality of along roller circumference evenly distributed's blade, still two respectively with the communicating chamber of admitting air of blade installation cavity in the mount pad, the tip of keeping away from the conveyer belt on the mount pad is equipped with and two communicating air inlets of chamber of admitting air, be equipped with the third hose that is used for communicateing the two between another output in two outputs of two three way solenoid valve and the air inlet, the tip of keeping away from the air inlet in the mount pad still is equipped with two respectively with the communicating gas vent of blade installation cavity.
According to the invention, through the arrangement of the mounting seat structure, the rotation of the conveyor belt can be realized through the action of the fan, so that the rotation of the conveyor belt is stably realized.
Preferably, the mounting seat is provided with a baffle which is matched with the exhaust port and has an L-shaped section.
According to the invention, through the arrangement of the baffle, the stability of the black tea continuous fermentation group equipment in use can be better improved.
Preferably, the bottom in fermentation chamber is equipped with the installation base station, and the lower tip of installation base station is equipped with the gyro wheel, and the tip that is close to sealing door on the installation base station is equipped with the backup pad with fermentation intracavity wall clearance fit, is equipped with the rack that a plurality of evenly set up along backup pad direction of height in the backup pad, places the box setting and on the rack.
According to the tea leaf storage rack, the tea leaves can be conveniently placed through the installation base station and the supporting plate.
Preferably, the supporting plate is provided with a fixing mechanism for fixing the supporting plate in the fermentation cavity, the fixing mechanism comprises a connecting plate which is arranged on the supporting plate and parallel to the inner wall of the fermentation cavity, and the connecting plate is connected with the inner wall of the fermentation cavity through a bolt.
According to the invention, the support plate can be fixed in the fermentation cavity through the bolt connection of the connecting plate and the fermentation cavity, so that the stability of the black tea continuous fermentation group equipment during operation is better improved.
The invention also provides a black tea fermentation process of the black tea continuous fermentation equipment, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, taking a plurality of tea components with equal mass, respectively placing the tea components in a placing box, placing the placing box on a placing rack, then pushing an installation base platform into a fermentation cavity, and fixing a support plate in the fermentation cavity through bolts;
step two, driving a second motor to enable the mounting bracket to move upwards, enabling the conveyor belt on the mounting seat to move to the position under the gas conveying cylinder under the matching of the rack and the first gear, driving the first motor to enable the sliding frame to move to the end far away from the sealing door, and turning off the first motor when the gas conveying cylinder moves to the tail end of the placing box; driving the second motor to enable the air delivery cylinder to gradually move downwards, turning off the second motor when the scraping plate rotates to a vertical state, driving the first motor to enable the scraping plate to move on the placing box in a reciprocating mode, and turning off the first motor when tea leaves on the placing box are spread uniformly;
driving a second motor until the air conveying cylinder abuts against the tea leaves in the placement box, moving the scraper to the upper end part of the air conveying cylinder at the moment, driving the first motor to enable the air conveying cylinder to move on the tea leaves in the placement box in a reciprocating mode to knead the tea leaves, and stopping kneading after kneading for a period of time; driving a second motor to enable the air conveying cylinder to move upwards until the bottom end of the scraping plate is arranged at the bottom end of the placing box, enabling the scraping plate to be inclined to the placing box at the moment, switching on a power supply of the first motor and a fan, adjusting a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve to enable the conveying belt to rotate, scraping tea leaves on the placing box through the scraping plate, conveying the scraped tea leaves through the conveying belt, then dropping the tea leaves on the placing box again, overturning the tea leaves, and continuing to knead the tea leaves after overturning the tea leaves;
after the tea leaves are kneaded, starting a fan, a humidifier and an electric heater, and adjusting a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve to enable air to be sprayed out from a through hole of an air conveying cylinder to ferment the tea leaves; in the fermentation process, the tea leaves are periodically turned over in the third step;
after the tea fermentation is finished, starting a fan and an electric heater, and adjusting a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve to enable air to be sprayed out from a through hole of an air conveying cylinder to dry the tea; in the drying process, the tea leaves are periodically turned over in the third step;
and step six, after the tea leaves are dried, opening the sealing door and taking the tea leaves out of the fermentation cavity.
Through the black tea fermentation process, the quality of the fermented black tea can be better improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous black tea fermentation group apparatus in example 1.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the continuous black tea fermentation group apparatus of figure 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the carriage of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the construction of the gas cartridge of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the carriage of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the gas cartridge and the mounting seat of fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a partial structural schematic view of the mounting bracket of fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the gas cartridge and connecting rod of fig. 2.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a portion a in fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the rotary holder of fig. 6.
Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the rotary holder of fig. 6.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the mounting base and the support plate in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the examples are illustrative of the invention and not limiting.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment provides a continuous black tea fermentation group apparatus, which includes a fermentation tank 110, a fermentation chamber 210 with a single side opening is disposed in the fermentation tank 110, an exhaust pipe 140 communicated with the fermentation chamber 210 is disposed at an upper end of the fermentation tank 110, and a check valve 150 is disposed on the exhaust pipe 140; the fermentation box 110 is provided with a sealing door 120 for sealing the fermentation cavity 210; a sliding frame 220 capable of sliding is arranged in the fermentation chamber 210, two first sliding rails 230 are arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation chamber 210, a sliding block 240 matched with the first sliding rails 230 is arranged at the upper end part of the sliding frame 220, a first screw rod 250 positioned between the two first sliding rails 230 is arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation chamber 210, a first screw rod nut 310 matched with the first screw rod 250 is arranged on the sliding block 240, and a first motor 130 used for driving the first screw rod 250 is arranged in the fermentation box 110; the sliding frame 220 comprises two vertical rods 320 arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity 210, a cross bar 330 for connecting the two vertical rods 320 is arranged between the two vertical rods 320, a plurality of groups of connecting rods 340 which are arranged perpendicular to the sliding frame 220 are arranged on the sliding frame 220, and the lower end part of each connecting rod 340 is provided with an air conveying cylinder 350 with a hollow inner part; the gas transmission cylinder 350 is provided with a plurality of gas transmission cylinder through holes 410 which are uniformly distributed, and the fermentation cavity 210 is internally provided with a plurality of placing boxes 260 which are arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity 210 and are positioned below the gas transmission cylinder 350; an air conveying cavity 510 is arranged in the sliding frame 220, and a first hose 610 for communicating the air conveying cylinder 350 and the air conveying cavity 510 is arranged on the sliding frame 220; the end part of the fermentation box 110 far away from the opening of the fermentation chamber 210 is provided with a heating mechanism mounting box 270, the heating mechanism mounting box 270 is provided with a humidifier 280 and an electric heater 290, the fermentation chamber 210 is provided with a second hose 2100 for communicating the air conveying chamber 510 and the heating mechanism mounting box 270, and the fermentation chamber 210 is provided with a fan 2110 for blowing the air in the heating mechanism mounting box 270 into the air conveying chamber 510.
When the continuous black tea fermentation set device in the embodiment is used, tea leaves are placed in the placing box 260, the sealing door 120 is closed, then the power supply of the humidifier 280, the electric heater 290 and the fan 2110 is switched on, the humidity and the temperature in the fermentation chamber 210 are adjusted, so that the black tea in the fermentation box 260 is fermented, in the process of fermenting the black tea, the first motor 130 is started, the gas conveying cylinder 350 moves on the placing box 260 in a reciprocating mode, hot air with water vapor and heat is discharged from the gas conveying cylinder through hole 410, and therefore the temperature and the humidity of all positions on the placing box 260 are kept consistent; after the black tea is fermented, the steam and heat in the fermentation cavity 210 are exhausted through the exhaust pipe 140, then the power supply of the electric heater 290 and the fan 2110 are switched on, so that the air with heat is sprayed out from the air conveying cylinder through hole 410 to heat and dry the black tea placed on the box 260, and in the drying process, the first motor 130 is started to enable the air conveying cylinder 350 to reciprocate on the box, so that the temperature of all places on the box 260 is kept consistent. The continuous black tea fermentation group equipment in the embodiment not only realizes the fermentation and drying of black tea, but also keeps the temperature and the humidity at each place in the fermentation cavity in the black tea fermentation and black tea process consistent through the arrangement of the gas transmission cylinder 350, thereby avoiding the great difference in the fermentation and drying effects of the black tea in the different placing boxes 260 caused by the inconsistent temperature and humidity at each place in the fermentation cavity 210, and further improving the fermentation and drying effects of the black tea better.
In this embodiment, the two vertical bars 320 of the sliding rack 220 are both provided with a second sliding rail 360 arranged along the height direction of the vertical bars 320, the sliding rack 220 is provided with a mounting bracket 370 capable of moving along the height direction of the vertical bars 320, two ends of the mounting bracket 370 are provided with sliding grooves 710 matched with the second sliding rails 360, the center of the sliding rack 220 is provided with a second lead screw 2120 arranged along the height direction of the fermentation chamber 210, the mounting bracket 370 is provided with a second lead screw nut 720 matched with the second lead screw 2120, and the bottom end of the sliding rack 220 is provided with a second motor 2130 for driving the second lead screw 2120; the mounting bracket 370 is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting rods 730 positioned between the placing box 260 and the connecting rod 340, the end part of the mounting rod 730 far away from the mounting bracket 370 is provided with an air guide seat 740, the air guide seat 740 is internally provided with an air guide cavity 910 with the opening diameter smaller than the diameter of the inner wall, and the end part of the first hose 610 is communicated with the air guide cavity 910; the two ends of the gas transmission cylinder 350 are provided with rotating cylinders 420 communicated with the inner cavity of the gas transmission cylinder 350, the end parts of the rotating cylinders 420 extend into the gas guide cavity 910, and the end parts of the rotating cylinders 420 extending into the gas guide cavity 910 are expanded outwards along the circumferential direction to form flanges 430 which are in clearance fit with the inner wall of the gas guide cavity 910.
Through the structural arrangement of the mounting bracket 370 and the rotating cylinder 350 in the embodiment, before the tea leaves are fermented, the second motor 2130 is driven to move the mounting bracket 370 downwards, so that the lower end part of the gas conveying cylinder 350 abuts against the tea leaves, then the first motor 130 is started, so that the lower end part of the gas conveying cylinder 350 rolls on the tea leaves, the rolling of the tea leaves is realized, the moving distance of the mounting bracket 370 can be controlled during actual use, the pressure of the gas conveying cylinder 350 on the tea leaves is adjusted, and the continuous black tea fermentation group device in the embodiment can be preferably suitable for the rolling operation of the black tea.
In this embodiment, the upper end of the gas cylinder 350 is provided with a rotatable material turning mechanism, the material turning mechanism includes two rotatable installation bases 620 respectively disposed on the rotating cylinder 420, the installation bases 620 are integrally triangular, a roller 920 for connecting the two installation bases 620 is disposed between the two installation bases 620, a conveyor belt 630 is disposed between the two roller 920, a driving mechanism for driving the two roller 920 is disposed on the installation bases 620, and a scraper 640 located at one end of the conveyor belt 630 is disposed between the two installation bases 620.
Through the setting of the stirring mechanism structure in this embodiment, can drive second motor 2130 and make upward movement on the installing support 370 before carrying out the kneading to tealeaves for drive belt 630 and scraper blade 640 rotate to vertical downward setting, start first motor 130 this moment, make scraper blade 640 reciprocate and place the box 260 on the removal, thereby make every thickness that places the tealeaves on the box 260 and pave even and unanimous, ensured the effect of kneading to tealeaves. During the tea leaf rolling, fermenting and drying process, the second motor 2130 can be driven to enable the mounting bracket 370 to move upwards, the end part of the scraper 640 is abutted against the bottom surface of the placing box 260, at the moment, the scraper 640 and the conveyor belt 630 are arranged obliquely to the placing box 260, the first motor 130 is started to enable the scraper 640 to move from the end close to the sealing door 120 to the end far from the sealing door 120, the power supply of the fan 2110 is switched on to enable the conveyor belt 630 to rotate, the tea leaves on the placing box 260 are scraped up by the scraper 640 and are conveyed by the conveyor belt 630 and fall in the placing box 260 again, the material turning of the tea leaves on the placing box 260 is realized, so that the tea leaves at the bottom layer can be sufficiently rolled during the tea leaf rolling, heat accumulated in the tea leaf layer is discharged by the material turning mechanism during the tea leaf fermenting and drying processes, and therefore, the tea leaf fermenting and drying processes are avoided, the heat can not be discharged from the tea leaves, so that the fermentation and drying effects of the tea leaves are not good.
In this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a first gear 650 disposed on the mounting base 620 and in clearance fit with the rotating cylinder 420, and a rack 930 vertically disposed on the connecting rod 340 and in fit with the first gear 650.
Through the arrangement of the first gear 650 and the rack 930 in this embodiment, the rotation of the mounting seat 620, that is, the rotation of the scraper 640 and the conveyor 630, can be conveniently realized.
In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 630 is provided with a plurality of groups of blocking pillars 660 uniformly distributed, and the end of the scraper 640 close to the conveyor belt 630 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 670 in clearance fit with the blocking pillars 660.
Through the setting of bumping post 660 in this embodiment, can avoid when going on the stirring to tealeaves, tealeaves slides down from conveyer belt 630 to the promotion of preferred is to the stirring effect of tealeaves, through the setting of bar groove 670, can be comparatively stable dial the tealeaves on the scraper blade 640 and send to on the conveyer belt 630.
In this embodiment, a toothed belt installation cavity 1010 is formed in the installation base 620, the end portions of the roll shafts 920 extend into the toothed belt installation cavity 1010, second gears 1020 located in the toothed belt installation cavity 1010 are arranged at the two end portions of the roll shafts 920, and toothed belts 1030 used for connecting the second gears 1020 on the two roll shafts 920 are arranged in the toothed belt installation cavity 1010; a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 680 is arranged at the end part of the connecting rod 340 close to the gas conveying cylinder 350, a connecting pipe 690 for communicating the gas conveying cavity 510 with the input end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 680 is arranged on the connecting rod 340, one end of the first hose 610 is connected with one end of two output ends of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 680, and the other end of the first hose 610 is communicated with the gas guide cavity 910; two blade installation cavities 1110 which are positioned beside the toothed belt installation cavity 1010 are arranged in the installation seat 620, a plurality of blades 1120 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the roll shaft 920 are arranged at the end part of the roll shaft 920 which is positioned in the blade installation cavities 1110, two air inlet cavities 1130 which are respectively communicated with the blade installation cavities 1110 are also arranged in the installation seat 620, an air inlet 1140 which is communicated with the two air inlet cavities 1130 is arranged at the end part of the installation seat 620 which is far away from the conveyor belt 630, a third hose 6100 which is used for communicating the two air inlet cavities 1130 and the other output end of the two output ends of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 680 is arranged between the other output end and the air inlet 1140, and two air outlets 1150 which are respectively communicated with the blade.
Through the arrangement of the mounting seat 620 structure in the embodiment, the rotation of the conveyor belt 630 can be realized through the action of the fan 2110, so that the rotation of the conveyor belt 630 is stably realized.
In this embodiment, the mounting seat 620 is provided with a baffle 6110 having an L-shaped cross section for matching with the exhaust port 1150.
Through the arrangement of the baffle 6110 in this embodiment, it can be avoided that the air exhausted from the air outlet 1150 disperses the upper tea leaves in the box 260 when the conveyor belt 630 rotates, so that the stability of the continuous black tea fermentation group device in use is preferably improved.
In this embodiment, the bottom end of the fermentation chamber 210 is provided with a mounting base 2140, the lower end of the mounting base 2140 is provided with a roller 2150, the end of the mounting base 2140 close to the sealing door 120 is provided with a support plate 2160 in clearance fit with the inner wall of the fermentation chamber 210, the support plate 2160 is provided with a plurality of placement racks 2170 uniformly arranged along the height direction of the support plate 2160, and the placement box 260 is arranged on the placement racks 2170.
Through the arrangement of the installation base 2140 and the support plate 2160 in this embodiment, when tea leaves are placed, the tea leaves can be placed on the placing box 260, then the placing box 260 is placed on the placing frame 2170, and then the installation base 2140 is pushed into the fermentation cavity 210, so that the tea leaves can be placed conveniently.
In this embodiment, the supporting plate 2160 is provided with a fixing mechanism for fixing the supporting plate 2160 in the fermentation chamber 210, the fixing mechanism includes a connecting plate 1210 which is disposed on the supporting plate 2160 and parallel to the inner wall of the fermentation chamber 210, and the connecting plate 1210 is connected to the inner wall of the fermentation chamber 210 by bolts.
Through the bolt connection of the connecting plate 1210 and the fermentation cavity 210 in the embodiment, the supporting plate 2160 can be fixed in the fermentation cavity 210, so that the supporting plate 2160 is prevented from moving when the black tea continuous fermentation group equipment runs, and the stability of the black tea continuous fermentation group equipment in running is improved better.
The embodiment also provides a black tea fermentation process of the black tea continuous fermentation group equipment, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, taking a plurality of groups of tea with equal mass and respectively placing the tea in a placing box 260, placing the placing box 260 on a placing frame 2170, then pushing a mounting base 2140 into a fermentation cavity 210, and fixing a support plate 2160 in the fermentation cavity 210 through bolts;
step two, the second motor 2130 is driven to enable the mounting bracket 370 to move upwards, so that the conveyor belt 630 on the mounting seat 620 moves to the position right below the gas transmission cylinder 350 under the matching of the rack and the first gear 650, the first motor 130 is driven to enable the sliding frame 220 to move to the end far away from the sealing door 120, and the first motor 130 is turned off when the gas transmission cylinder 350 moves to the tail end of the placing box 260; at this time, the second motor 2130 is driven to enable the gas transmission cylinder 350 to gradually move downwards, when the scraper 640 rotates to the vertical state, the second motor 2130 is closed, at this time, the first motor 130 is driven to enable the scraper 640 to move on the placing box 260 in a reciprocating mode, and when the tea leaves on the placing box 260 are spread uniformly, the first motor 130 is closed;
step three, driving the second motor 2130 until the air conveying cylinder 350 abuts against the tea leaves in the placing box 260, at this time, moving the scraper 640 to the upper end part of the air conveying cylinder 350, driving the first motor 130 to enable the air conveying cylinder 350 to move on the tea leaves in the placing box 260 in a reciprocating mode to knead the tea leaves, and stopping kneading after a period of time; the second motor 2130 is driven to enable the air conveying cylinder 350 to move upwards until the bottom end of the scraping plate 640 and the bottom end of the placing box 260 are arranged, at the moment, the scraping plate 640 is arranged obliquely to the placing box 260, the power supply of the first motor 130 and the fan 2110 is switched on, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 680 is adjusted to enable the conveyor belt 630 to rotate, tea leaves on the placing box 260 are scraped through the scraping plate 640, the scraped tea leaves fall on the placing box 260 again after being conveyed through the conveyor belt 630, tea leaves are turned over, and rolling of the tea leaves is continued after the tea leaves are turned over;
step four, after the tea leaves are kneaded, starting the fan 2110, the humidifier 280 and the electric heater 290, and adjusting the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 680 to enable air to be ejected from the air conveying cylinder through hole 410 to ferment the tea leaves; in the fermentation process, the tea leaves are periodically turned over in the third step;
after the tea fermentation is finished, starting the fan 2110 and the electric heater 290, and adjusting the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 680 to enable air to be sprayed out from the air conveying cylinder through hole 410 to dry the tea; in the drying process, the tea leaves are periodically turned over in the third step;
step six, after the tea leaves are dried, the sealing door 120 is opened, and the tea leaves are taken out from the fermentation chamber 210.
Through the black tea fermentation process in the embodiment, the quality of the fermented black tea can be better improved.
In summary, the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a black tea continuous fermentation group equipment which characterized in that: the fermentation box comprises a fermentation box (110), a fermentation cavity (210) with a single side opening is arranged in the fermentation box (110), an exhaust pipe (140) communicated with the fermentation cavity (210) is arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation box (110), and a one-way valve (150) is arranged on the exhaust pipe (140); a sealing door (120) for sealing the fermentation cavity (210) is arranged on the fermentation box (110); a slidable sliding frame (220) is arranged in the fermentation chamber (210), two first sliding rails (230) are arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation chamber (210), a sliding block (240) matched with the first sliding rails (230) is arranged at the upper end part of the sliding frame (220), a first screw rod (250) positioned between the two first sliding rails (230) is arranged at the upper end part of the fermentation chamber (210), a first screw rod nut (310) matched with the first screw rod (250) is arranged on the sliding block (240), and a first motor (130) used for driving the first screw rod (250) is arranged in the fermentation box (110); the sliding frame (220) comprises two vertical rods (320) arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity (210), two cross rods (330) used for connecting the two vertical rods (320) are arranged between the two vertical rods (320), a plurality of groups of connecting rods (340) which are arranged perpendicular to the sliding frame (220) are arranged on the sliding frame (220), and the lower end parts of the connecting rods (340) are provided with air conveying cylinders (350) with hollow interiors; the gas transmission cylinder (350) is provided with a plurality of gas transmission cylinder through holes (410) which are uniformly distributed, and the fermentation cavity (210) is internally provided with a plurality of placing boxes (260) which are arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity (210) and are positioned below the gas transmission cylinder (350); an air conveying cavity (510) is arranged in the sliding frame (220), and a first hose (610) used for communicating the air conveying cylinder (350) and the air conveying cavity (510) is arranged on the sliding frame (220); the end part, far away from the opening of the fermentation chamber (210), of the fermentation box (110) is provided with a heating mechanism mounting box (270), a humidifier (280) and an electric heater (290) are arranged in the heating mechanism mounting box (270), a second hose (2100) used for communicating the air conveying chamber (510) with the heating mechanism mounting box (270) is arranged in the fermentation chamber (210), and a fan (2110) used for blowing air in the heating mechanism mounting box (270) into the air conveying chamber (510) is arranged in the fermentation chamber (210).
2. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the two vertical rods (320) of the sliding frame (220) are respectively provided with a second sliding rail (360) arranged along the height direction of the vertical rods (320), the sliding frame (220) is provided with a mounting support (370) capable of moving along the height direction of the vertical rods (320), two ends of the mounting support (370) are provided with sliding chutes (710) matched with the second sliding rails (360), the center of the sliding frame (220) is provided with a second lead screw (2120) arranged along the height direction of the fermentation cavity (210), the mounting support (370) is provided with a second lead screw nut (720) matched with the second lead screw (2120), and the bottom end part of the sliding frame (220) is provided with a second motor (2130) used for driving the second lead screw (2120); the mounting support (370) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting rods (730) positioned between the placing box (260) and the connecting rod (340), the end part of the mounting rod (730) far away from the mounting support (370) is provided with an air guide seat (740), an air guide cavity (910) with the opening diameter smaller than the diameter of the inner wall is arranged in the air guide seat (740), and the end part of the first hose (610) is communicated with the air guide cavity (910); the two ends of the gas transmission cylinder (350) are provided with rotating cylinders (420) communicated with the inner cavity of the gas transmission cylinder (350), the end parts of the rotating cylinders (420) extend into the gas guide cavity (910), and the end parts of the rotating cylinders (420) extending into the gas guide cavity (910) are outwards expanded along the circumferential direction to form flanges (430) in clearance fit with the inner wall of the gas guide cavity (910).
3. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the upper end of gas transmission cylinder (350) is equipped with rotatable stirring mechanism, stirring mechanism includes that two set up respectively on rotating drum (420) and rotatable mount pad (620), mount pad (620) wholly is the triangle-shaped form, be equipped with roller (920) that are used for connecting two mount pads (620) between two mount pads (620), be equipped with conveyer belt (630) between two roller (920), be equipped with the actuating mechanism who is used for driving two roller (920) on mount pad (620), still be equipped with scraper blade (640) that are located conveyer belt (630) one end between two mount pads (620).
4. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a first gear (650) which is arranged on the mounting seat (620) and is in clearance fit with the rotating cylinder (420), and a rack (930) which is vertically arranged on the connecting rod (340) and is matched with the first gear (650).
5. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the conveying belt (630) is provided with a plurality of groups of blocking columns (660) which are uniformly distributed, and the end part of the scraper (640) close to the conveying belt (630) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (670) which is in clearance fit with the blocking columns (660).
6. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: a toothed belt installation cavity (1010) is formed in the installation seat (620), the end parts of the roll shafts (920) extend into the toothed belt installation cavity (1010), second gears (1020) located in the toothed belt installation cavity (1010) are arranged at the two end parts of the roll shafts (920), and toothed belts (1030) used for connecting the second gears (1020) on the two roll shafts (920) are arranged in the toothed belt installation cavity (1010); a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (680) is arranged at the end part, close to the gas transmission cylinder (350), of the connecting rod (340), a connecting pipe (690) used for communicating the gas transmission cavity (510) with the input end of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (680) is arranged on the connecting rod (340), one end of the first hose (610) is connected with one end of two output ends of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (680), and the other end of the first hose (610) is communicated with the gas guide cavity (910); be equipped with two blade installation cavity (1110) that are located tooth area installation cavity (1010) side in mount pad (620), the tip that lies in blade installation cavity (1110) on roller (920) is equipped with a plurality of along roller (920) circumference evenly distributed's blade (1120), still two respectively with communicating air inlet chamber (1130) of blade installation cavity (1110) in mount pad (620), the tip of keeping away from conveyer belt (630) on mount pad (620) is equipped with two communicating air inlet chamber (1140) of air inlet chamber (1130), be equipped with between another output in two outputs of two three way solenoid valve (680) and air inlet (1140) and be used for communicating third hose (6100) of the two, the tip of keeping away from air inlet (1140) in mount pad (620) still is equipped with two respectively with communicating gas vent (1150) of blade installation cavity (1110).
7. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the mounting seat (620) is provided with a baffle (6110) which is used for matching with the exhaust port (1150) and has an L-shaped section.
8. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom in fermentation chamber (210) is equipped with installation base station (2140), and the lower tip of installation base station (2140) is equipped with gyro wheel (2150), and the tip that is close to sealing door (120) on installation base station (2140) is equipped with and ferments chamber (210) inner wall clearance fit's backup pad (2160), is equipped with rack (2170) that a plurality of evenly set up along backup pad (2160) direction of height on backup pad (2160), places box (260) and sets up with rack (2170).
9. A continuous black tea fermentation bank apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting plate (2160) is provided with a fixing mechanism for fixing the supporting plate (2160) in the fermentation cavity (210), the fixing mechanism comprises a connecting plate (1210) which is arranged on the supporting plate (2160) and is parallel to the inner wall of the fermentation cavity (210), and the connecting plate (1210) is connected with the inner wall of the fermentation cavity (210) through bolts.
10. A black tea fermentation process based on an apparatus of a continuous black tea fermentation bank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
firstly, taking a plurality of groups of tea with equal mass and respectively placing the tea into a placing box (260), placing the placing box (260) on a placing frame (2170), then pushing a mounting base (2140) into a fermentation cavity (210), and fixing a support plate (2160) in the fermentation cavity (210) through bolts;
step two, driving a second motor (2130) to enable a mounting bracket (370) to move upwards, enabling a conveyor belt (630) on a mounting seat (620) to move to a position right below a gas conveying cylinder (350) under the matching of a rack and a first gear (650), driving a first motor (130) to enable a sliding frame (220) to move to a position far away from the end of a sealing door (120), and closing the first motor (130) when the gas conveying cylinder (350) moves to the tail end of a placing box (260); at the moment, the second motor (2130) is driven to enable the air conveying cylinder (350) to gradually move downwards, the second motor (2130) is closed when the scraper (640) rotates to be in a vertical state, the first motor (130) is driven to enable the scraper (640) to reciprocate on the placing box (260), and the first motor (130) is closed after tea leaves on the placing box (260) are spread uniformly;
driving a second motor (2130) until an air conveying cylinder (350) abuts against the tea leaves in the placement box (260), moving a scraper (640) to the upper end part of the air conveying cylinder (350), driving a first motor (130) to enable the air conveying cylinder (350) to move on the tea leaves in the placement box (260) in a reciprocating mode to knead the tea leaves, and stopping kneading after kneading for a period of time; the second motor (2130) is driven to enable the air conveying cylinder (350) to move upwards until the bottom end of the scraping plate (640) and the bottom end of the placing box (260) are arranged, at the moment, the scraping plate (640) is arranged obliquely to the placing box (260), the power supply of the first motor (130) and the fan (2110) is switched on, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (680) is adjusted to enable the conveying belt (630) to rotate, tea leaves on the placing box (260) are scraped through the scraping plate (640), the scraped tea leaves fall on the placing box (260) again after being conveyed through the conveying belt (630), overturning of the tea leaves is achieved, and rolling of the tea leaves is continued after overturning of the tea leaves is conducted;
step four, after the tea leaves are kneaded, starting a fan (2110), a humidifier (280) and an electric heater (290), and adjusting a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (680) to enable air to be sprayed out from a through hole (410) of an air conveying cylinder to ferment the tea leaves; in the fermentation process, the tea leaves are periodically turned over in the third step;
step five, after the tea fermentation is finished, starting a fan (2110) and an electric heater (290), and adjusting a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve (680) to enable air to be sprayed out from a through hole (410) of an air conveying cylinder to dry the tea; in the drying process, the tea leaves are periodically turned over in the third step;
and step six, after the tea leaves are dried, opening the sealing door (120) and taking the tea leaves out of the fermentation cavity (210).
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| CN113758219A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-07 | 骏能化工（龙南）有限公司 | Slurry waste recycling process |
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| CN117859815A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-12 | 苏州东山茶厂股份有限公司 | Intelligent black tea processing technology and fermentation device thereof |
| CN114668062B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2024-06-25 | 西安降山高生物科技研究院有限公司 | Device and method for preparing ginseng tea by microbial fermentation with auxiliary three-high blood pressure reduction function |
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