CN112629173B - Forestry seed drying apparatus - Google Patents

Forestry seed drying apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112629173B
CN112629173B CN202011519022.0A CN202011519022A CN112629173B CN 112629173 B CN112629173 B CN 112629173B CN 202011519022 A CN202011519022 A CN 202011519022A CN 112629173 B CN112629173 B CN 112629173B
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China
Prior art keywords
drying box
automatic valve
fixed
disc
valve
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CN202011519022.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112629173A (en
Inventor
吴传志
郑滔
韩愈
冉迎春
陆道宋
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Guizhou Linlian Engineering Consulting Co ltd
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Guizhou Linlian Engineering Consulting Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/08Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a vertical or steeply-inclined axis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/04Heating arrangements using electric heating
    • F26B23/06Heating arrangements using electric heating resistance heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/08Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by centrifugal treatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/16Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by contact with sorbent bodies, e.g. absorbent mould; by admixture with sorbent materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/85Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of forest reconnaissance, and particularly discloses a forestry seed dryer which comprises a rack and a drying box, wherein the drying box is fixed on the rack, the axis of the drying box is arranged in the vertical direction, a feeding valve is arranged at the top of the drying box, and an electric heating plate is arranged at the bottom of the drying box; the drying box is internally and rotatably connected with a turntable, and the turntable is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate; a water absorption disc is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the rotary disc, and a first vent hole and a second vent hole which are aligned up and down are respectively arranged on the rotary disc and the water absorption disc; the lower part in the drying box is coaxially provided with an extrusion disc, the extrusion disc is driven by a driving mechanism to reciprocate up and down, and a third vent hole is formed in the extrusion disc; the part that lies in the carousel top on the lateral wall of stoving case is provided with first automatic valve, and first automatic valve electric connection has first automatic valve switch. The inside too high problem that is unfavorable for the storage of seed of moisture of forest seed is solved to the aim at of this patent.

Description

Forestry seed drying apparatus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest exploration, in particular to a forestry seed dryer.
Background
The seeds of the forest trees are the reproductive organs of the forest trees, and the sowing materials in the forestry production are collectively called as the sowing materials, and actually comprise the following types according to the botanical understanding: true seeds, such as Pinus, Populus; fruits, samara such as Ailanthus altissima, Ulmus pumila; nuts such as oak, linden; lean fruits such as mulberry, caryopsis such as moso bamboo; part of the fruit, such as walnuts, neem; a part of seed, such as semen Ginkgo, and Magnolia liliflora; seeds formed by apomixis, such as citrus and the like; the tree seeds as the sowing material should have excellent quality, besides being used as the sowing material, some of the tree seeds can be eaten, used as medicine and extracted with edible oil, and are fully mature, full, pure, free of insects, diseases and injuries, and vitality, some of the tree seeds can be used as feed, and many of the tree seeds are also objects to be eaten by forest birds and beasts, so the tree seeds are a material basis for maintaining ecological balance.
The forest seeds need to be picked and stored before being used as seeds for sowing, moisture exists in the seeds after the picking is finished, the seeds can be mildewed if not dried in time, and the seeds germinate in advance due to the fact that the moisture content of the seeds is too high in the storage process, so that the forest seeds are not favorably stored.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a forestry seed dryer, which solves the problem that the storage of seeds is not facilitated due to overhigh water in forest seeds.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a forestry seed dryer comprises a rack and a drying box, wherein the drying box is fixed on the rack, the axis of the drying box is arranged along the vertical direction, a feeding valve is arranged at the top of the drying box, and an electric heating plate is arranged at the bottom of the drying box; the drying box is internally and rotatably connected with a rotary table, and the rotary table is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate; a water absorption disc is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the rotary disc, and a first vent hole and a second vent hole which are aligned up and down are respectively arranged on the rotary disc and the water absorption disc; the lower part in the drying box is coaxially provided with an extrusion disc, the extrusion disc is driven by the driving mechanism to reciprocate up and down, and a third vent hole is formed in the extrusion disc; the part that lies in the carousel top on the lateral wall of stoving case is provided with first automatic valve, and first automatic valve electric connection has first automatic valve switch.
The technical principle of the technical scheme is as follows:
1. the drying box is arranged, the electric heating plate heats the inside of the drying box to provide heat required by drying, and the feeding valve is arranged to facilitate the addition of seeds to be dried into the drying box; the first automatic valve is arranged, the first automatic valve is closed in the drying process, hot gas loss is avoided, and after drying is finished, the first automatic valve is opened, so that seeds can be conveniently discharged;
2. the seed drying device is characterized in that a rotary disc is arranged, seeds to be dried after cleaning are added into the drying box from a feeding valve, the seeds fall on the rotary disc, a driving mechanism drives the rotary disc to rotate, the seeds roll on the rotary disc under the action of centrifugal force, and therefore the seed stirring effect is achieved, moisture on the seeds is absorbed by a water absorption disc, and the seed drying speed can be accelerated;
3. the water absorption device is characterized in that the squeezing disc is arranged and reciprocates up and down under the driving of the driving mechanism, and when the squeezing disc moves to the upper limit position, the squeezing disc can squeeze water in the water absorption disc, so that the water absorption disc can continuously absorb water.
The beneficial effect that this scheme produced is: compared with the existing seed drying device, the existing seed drying device can dry the cleaned seeds after wiping, and the drying efficiency is low; and can directly put into stoving incasement portion with the seed after cleaning in this application scheme, the carousel rotation can take off the moisture on seed surface on the one hand, and the layer adsorbable moisture that absorbs water, and the extrusion dish intermittent type nature extrudees the water absorption layer, ensures that the layer sustainable absorption stoving incasement portion that absorbs water moisture accelerates the stoving rate of seed.
Furthermore, the material of the water absorption disc is high-temperature-resistant sponge. The high-temperature-resistant sponge has good water absorption performance and can be repeatedly used after being wrung.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises a rotating rod which is coaxial with the drying box, the lower end of the rotating rod penetrates through the bottom of the drying box and extends to the lower part of the drying box, and the rotating rod is driven by the motor to rotate forwards and backwards periodically; an external thread is arranged on the part, below the rotating disc, of the rotating rod, the extrusion disc is sleeved on the rotating rod, an internal thread matched with the external thread on the rotating rod is arranged on the extrusion disc, and the rotating rod is limited in the horizontal direction; when the dwang corotation, internal thread and external screw thread cooperation make the extrusion dish upwards slide, when the dwang reversal, internal thread and external screw thread cooperation make the extrusion dish downwards slide.
When the rotating rod rotates forwards, the internal thread is matched with the external thread to enable the extrusion disc to slide upwards, and the extrusion disc can extrude the water absorption disc to dry water in the water absorption disc; when the dwang reversal, internal thread and thread fit make the extrusion dish lapse, realize the reseing of extrusion dish, extrude the water absorption dish through extrusion dish intermittent type nature, make the water absorption dish sustainable moisture that adsorbs in the seed and the inside moisture of stoving case.
Furthermore, a cam is fixedly sleeved at the upper end of the rotating rod; a cylinder body is fixed at the top of the drying box, the axis of the cylinder body is arranged along the horizontal direction, a piston is connected in the cylinder body in a sliding manner, a piston rod arranged along the horizontal direction is fixed at one end, close to the cam, of the piston, and one end, far away from the piston, of the piston rod is attached to the contour of the cam; a through groove which is arranged along the vertical direction is formed in one end, far away from the cam, of the piston, a floating ball is connected inside the through groove in a sliding mode, the floating ball is limited inside the through groove, and a second automatic valve switch with a downward-arranged contact is fixed at the upper end inside the through groove; a sponge is fixed at one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body, a one-way inlet valve is arranged in the middle of the cylinder body and is communicated with the bottom in the drying box through an inlet pipe, a one-way outlet valve and a pressing valve are arranged at one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body, the outlet end of the one-way outlet valve is connected with a second automatic valve, the outlet end of the second automatic valve is communicated with the interior of the drying box, a third automatic valve is arranged at one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body, the third automatic valve and the second automatic valve are both electrically connected with a second automatic valve switch, when the second automatic valve switch is pressed, the second automatic valve is closed, the third automatic valve is opened, and when the second automatic valve switch is loosened, the second automatic valve switch is opened, and the third automatic valve is closed; the outlet end of the pressing valve is communicated with the outside, and the valve core of the pressing valve is vertical to the piston; and a third spring is arranged in the cylinder body, one end of the third spring is fixed on the piston, and the other end of the third spring is fixed on one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body.
The cam is matched with the third spring to drive the piston to slide in the cylinder body in a reciprocating manner, when the piston moves to one side close to the cam, negative pressure is formed in the cylinder body, the one-way inlet valve is opened, the one-way outlet valve is closed, and water or a water-vapor mixture in the drying box is sucked in the cylinder body through the inlet pipe; when the piston moves to one side far away from the cam, positive pressure is formed inside the cylinder body, the one-way inlet valve is closed, the one-way outlet valve is opened, if all water is sucked into the cylinder body, the floating ball presses the press switch under the buoyancy effect of the water to close the second automatic valve and open the third automatic valve, and the water inside the cylinder body cannot be discharged into the drying box through the one-way outlet valve but is automatically discharged to the outside through the third automatic valve; if the inside inspiratory steam mixture of cylinder body, then the floater can't be pressed the press switch under the buoyancy of water, then the second automatic valve is opened, the third automatic valve is closed, the inside steam mixture of cylinder body is behind the sponge drying, dry gas is discharged to stoving incasement portion through one-way outlet valve and second automatic valve, after the piston slides to the position that surpasss one-way outlet valve, the piston continues to slide and extrudees the sponge, when the piston is pressed the case of pressing the press valve, open according to the press valve, the piston is crowded futilely the sponge and with the water of extruding in the sponge to the external world, realize the separation of water and gas, hot-air gets back to stoving incasement portion and carries out the circulation stoving to the inside seed of stoving case, only discharge water, the stoving rate of seed is accelerated. The entrance point setting of importing the pipe is in the effect of the bottom of stoving case, and the earlier stage of stoving utilizes the water of cylinder body discharge stoving bottom of the case portion, and the later stage of stoving is used for drying the incasement portion dehumidification.
Further, the lower extreme of water absorption dish is fixed with the motor reversal switch that the contact was arranged downwards, the bottom of stoving case is fixed with the motor corotation switch that the contact was arranged upwards, when the extreme position of extrusion dish motion to top, the motor reversal switch can be pressed to the extrusion dish, when the extreme position of extrusion dish motion to below, the motor corotation switch can be pressed to the extrusion dish, motor corotation switch and motor reversal switch all with motor electric connection, when the motor reversal switch is pressed, the motor reversal, when the motor corotation switch is pressed, the motor corotation.
When the extrusion disc reciprocates up and down to the upper limit position and the lower limit position, the extrusion disc can automatically reverse.
Furthermore, a fixed box is fixed on the outer side wall of the drying box, a second through hole aligned with the first automatic valve is formed in the fixed box, a sliding plate is connected inside the fixed box in a sliding mode, a first spring is arranged inside the fixed box, the sliding plate is located on the upper portion of the fixed box under the elastic force of the first spring, a third through hole is formed in the sliding plate, a fourth through hole is formed in the portion, located below the sliding plate, inside the fixed box, a first through hole aligned with the fourth through hole is formed in the side wall of the drying box, a T-shaped sliding groove arranged in the vertical direction is formed in the portion, far away from the drying box, of the fixed box, a T-shaped sliding block is connected inside the T-shaped sliding groove in a sliding mode, the T-shaped sliding block is connected to the top of the T-shaped sliding groove through the second spring, and the T-shaped sliding block is located below the sliding plate; the T-shaped sliding block is provided with a fifth through hole, the side wall of the fixed box, far away from the drying box, is provided with a sixth through hole which can be aligned with the fifth through hole, the T-shaped sliding block is fixedly provided with a pressing block, and when the sliding plate slides downwards, the sliding plate can press the pressing block to enable the T-shaped sliding block to move downwards until the fifth through hole is aligned with the sixth through hole; the sliding plate inclines to one side where the fifth through hole is located.
The first automatic valve is closed in the drying process inside the drying box, after seeds inside the drying box are dried, the first automatic valve is opened, so that the loss of hot air inside the drying box due to the fact that the hot air overflows from the first automatic valve is avoided, and the seeds are not beneficial to continuous drying; when seeds enter the fixed box through the first automatic valve, the seeds are stacked on the sliding plate, the sliding plate slides downwards under the action of gravity of the seeds along with the increase of the number of the seeds, when the sliding plate slides to press the pressing block and pushes the pressing block to move downwards together until the fifth through hole is aligned with the sixth through hole, the seeds above the sliding plate are quickly discharged through the fifth through hole and the sixth through hole under the action of gravity and the push of air flow in the drying box, then the sliding plate resets under the action of the first spring, and the T-shaped sliding block resets under the action of the second spring; that is, only at the moment of seed metering, a small amount of gas is lost inside the drying box.
The drying box further comprises a collecting hopper, wherein an opening of the collecting hopper is vertically arranged upwards, and the collecting hopper is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the lower part of the drying box; the bottom of the collecting hopper is provided with a discharge valve.
The seed after the inside exhaust stoving of fixed case is discharged into and is collected in collecting the fill, and the seed discharge who will collect in the fill is conveniently discharged to the setting up of blow-off valve is packed.
Further, the lower extreme of dwang extends to the bottom of collecting and fighting, the dwang is located stoving case and collects and fixedly is provided with the second flabellum on the part between fighting.
The dwang is rotatory to be driven the rotatory air convection that produces of second flabellum, will get into to collect and fight inside seed and cool off, makes things convenient for follow-up packing.
Furthermore, a first fan blade is fixed on the part of the rotating rod, which is positioned at the upper part of the drying box.
The rotatory first flabellum of drive of dwang produces the air convection, strengthens the inside hot-air circulation of stoving case, accelerates the stoving rate of seed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the drying box 10, the charging valve 11, the rotating rod 12, the motor 13, the rotating disc 14, the water absorbing disc 15, the extruding disc 16, the forward rotation switch 17, the reverse rotation switch 171, the first fan blade 18, the first automatic valve 19, the second fan blade 191, the first through hole 192, the fixed box 20, the second through hole 21, the sliding plate 22, the third through hole 23, the fourth through hole 24, the first spring 25, the T-shaped chute 26, the second spring 27, the T-shaped slider 28, the fifth through hole 281, the pressing block 282, the sixth through hole 29, the cylinder 30, the piston 31, the through groove 311, the floating ball 312, the pressing switch 313, the third spring 32, the sponge 33, the one-way inlet valve 34, the inlet pipe 341, the one-way outlet valve 35, the second automatic valve 36, the pressing valve 37, the piston rod 38, the cam 39, the collecting hopper 40 and the discharging valve 41.
The embodiments are substantially as shown in figures 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings: a forestry seed drying apparatus comprises a rack, a drying box 10, a fixing box 20, a cylinder body 30 and a collecting hopper 40.
The drying box 10 is fixed on the frame, as shown in fig. 1, the drying box 10 is cylindrical, the axis of the drying box 10 is arranged along the vertical direction, the top of the drying box 10 is provided with a feed valve 11, and the bottom of the drying box 10 is provided with an electric heating plate (not shown in the figure); a motor 13 is fixed on the part of the rack below the drying box 10, the motor 13 is a servo motor 13, the motor 13 can rotate forwards and backwards periodically, an output shaft of the motor 13 is arranged vertically upwards, a rotating rod 12 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor 13, the rotating rod 12 vertically upwards penetrates through the bottom of the drying box 10 and extends to the top of the drying box 10, the rotating rod 12 and the drying box 10 are connected in a rotating and sealing manner, the rotating rod 12 and the drying box 10 are coaxially arranged, a rotating disc 14 is fixed on the part of the rotating rod 12 in the drying box 10, the edge of the rotating disc 14 is attached to the inner side wall of the drying box 10, a water absorbing disc 15 is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the rotating disc 14, and a first vent hole and a second vent hole which are aligned up and down are respectively arranged on the rotating disc 14 and the water absorbing disc 15; the water absorbing disc 15 is made of high-temperature-resistant sponge 33, the high-temperature-resistant sponge 33 has good water absorbing performance, and the water absorbing disc can be repeatedly used after being wrung; an extrusion disc 16 is arranged below the extrusion disc 16, external threads are arranged on the part, below the rotary disc 14, of the rotary rod 12, the extrusion disc 16 is sleeved on the rotary rod 12, internal threads matched with the external threads on the rotary rod 12 are arranged on the extrusion disc 16, a limiting block (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the side wall of the extrusion disc 16, a limiting groove (not shown in the figure) matched with the limiting block and arranged in the vertical direction is formed in the inner side wall of the drying box 10, and the limiting block is clamped into the limiting groove and can slide up and down along the limiting groove; when the rotating rod 12 rotates forwards, the internal thread is matched with the external thread to enable the extrusion disc 16 to slide upwards, and when the rotating rod 12 rotates backwards, the internal thread is matched with the external thread to enable the extrusion disc 16 to slide downwards; a third vent hole is formed in the extrusion disc 16; the lower end of the water sucking disc 15 is fixed with a reverse rotation switch 171 of the motor 13 with downward contacts, the bottom of the drying box 10 is fixed with a forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13 with upward contacts, when the squeezing disc 16 moves to an upper limit position, the squeezing disc 16 can press the reverse rotation switch 171 of the motor 13, when the squeezing disc 16 moves to a lower limit position, the squeezing disc 16 can press the forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13, the forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13 and the reverse rotation switch 171 of the motor 13 are both electrically connected with the motor 13, when the reverse rotation switch 171 of the motor 13 is pressed, the motor 13 rotates reversely, and when the forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13 is pressed, the motor 13 rotates forwardly.
The motor 13 drives the rotating rod 12 to rotate forwards and backwards periodically, seeds to be dried after being cleaned are added into the drying box 10 from the feeding valve 11, the seeds fall on the rotating disk 14, the motor 13 drives the rotating rod 12 to drive the rotating disk 14 to rotate forwards and backwards periodically, the seeds move on the rotating disk 14 under the action of centrifugal force, the rotating disk 14 has a static point at the moment when the rotating direction of the rotating disk 14 is changed, the centrifugal force of the seeds disappears at the moment, the seeds roll towards the center of the rotating disk 14 under the action of gravity, so that the seeds roll on the rotating disk 14, the stirring effect on the seeds is achieved, moisture on the seeds is adsorbed by the water absorbing disk 15, and the drying speed of the seeds can be accelerated; after the water absorption of the water absorption disc 15 reaches saturation, the water absorption disc 15 does not absorb water any more; limiting blocks are matched with limiting grooves to limit the extrusion disc 16 in the horizontal direction, the extrusion disc 16 can only slide in the vertical direction, the extrusion disc 16 is driven to rotate forwards by the forward rotation of the rotating rod 12, the extrusion disc 16 is limited in the horizontal direction, the extrusion disc 16 is driven to move upwards by the cooperation of internal threads and external threads, the rotating rod 12 rotates backwards, the extrusion disc 16 is driven to move downwards by the cooperation of the internal threads and the external threads, when the extrusion disc 16 moves to the upper limit position, the extrusion disc 16 can press the reverse rotation switch 171 of the motor 13, the motor 13 drives the reverse rotation of the rotating rod 12 to rotate backwards, the extrusion disc 16 moves downwards, when the extrusion disc 16 moves to the lower limit position, the extrusion disc 16 can press the forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13, the motor 13 drives the forward rotation of the rotating rod 12 to rotate forwards, the extrusion disc 16 moves upwards again, namely, the extrusion disc 16 alternately presses the forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13 and the reverse rotation switch 171 of the motor 13 to realize the periodic forward rotation and reverse rotation of the rotating disc 13 and the rotating disc 171 of the rotating disc 13 by the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating switch 17 The water sucking discs 15 are intermittently pressed by the pressing discs 16 after the periodic forward rotation and the periodic backward rotation of the water sucking discs 14, and the water squeezed from the water sucking discs 15 enters the inner bottom of the drying box 10.
As shown in fig. 1, a first fan 18 is fixed on the upper portion of the drying box 10 of the rotating rod 12, and the first fan 18 blows the air flow from top to bottom. The rotating rod 12 rotates to drive the first fan blade 18 to rotate to generate air convection, so that the hot air circulation inside the drying box 10 is enhanced, and the drying speed of the seeds is increased.
As shown in fig. 1, a first automatic valve 19 is disposed on a portion of the left side wall of the drying box 10 above the turntable 14, the first automatic valve 19 is electrically connected to a first automatic valve switch, the first automatic valve switch is fixed on the rack, and when the first automatic valve switch is pressed, the first automatic valve 19 is opened, and when the first automatic valve switch is pressed again, the first automatic valve 19 is closed.
Set up first automatic valve 19, make first automatic valve 19 close at the in-process of drying, avoid the steam loss, after the stoving finishes, open first automatic valve 19, make things convenient for the discharge of seed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fixed box 20 is fixed on a left side wall of a drying box 10, the fixed box 20 is rectangular, a second through hole 21 aligned with a first automatic valve 19 is formed on an upper portion of a right side wall of the fixed box 20, a sliding plate 22 is slidably connected inside the fixed box 20, the sliding plate 22 is inclined to the lower left, a first spring 25 is disposed inside the fixed box 20, one end of the first spring 25 is fixed on a bottom of the fixed box 20, the other end of the first spring 25 is fixed on the sliding plate 22, the sliding plate 22 is located on the upper portion of the fixed box 20 under the elastic force of the first spring 25, a third through hole 23 is formed on the sliding plate 22, a fourth through hole 24 is formed on a portion of the right side wall of the fixed box 20 located below the sliding plate 22, a first through hole 192 aligned with the fourth through hole 24 is formed on the left side wall of the drying box 10, a T-shaped chute 26 arranged in the vertical direction is formed on the left side wall of the fixed box 20, the lower end of the T-shaped sliding chute 26 vertically penetrates through the bottom of the fixed box 20 downwards to form a through groove, a T-shaped sliding block 28 is connected inside the T-shaped sliding chute 26 in a sliding mode, the T-shaped sliding block 28 is connected to the top of the T-shaped sliding chute 26 through a second spring 27, and the T-shaped sliding block 28 is located below the sliding plate 22; the T-shaped slider 28 is provided with a fifth through hole 281, the left side wall of the fixed box 20 is provided with a sixth through hole 29 aligned with the fifth through hole 281, the T-shaped slider 28 is fixed with a rectangular parallelepiped pressing block 282, and when the sliding plate 22 slides downwards, the sliding plate 22 can press the pressing block 282 to enable the T-shaped slider 28 to move downwards until the fifth through hole 281 is aligned with the sixth through hole 29.
After the seeds in the drying box 10 are dried, the first automatic valve 19 is opened, so as to avoid that hot air overflows from the first automatic valve 19, which results in a large amount of loss of hot air in the drying box 10, and is not beneficial to continuous drying of the seeds, therefore, the fixed box 20 is arranged in the embodiment, when the air enters the fixed box 20, the sliding plate 22 is positioned at the upper part of the fixed box 20, the fifth through hole 281 is staggered with the sixth through hole 29, and because the first automatic valve 19, the second through hole 21, the third through hole 23, the fourth through hole 24 and the first through hole 192 are communicated, the air in the drying box 10 cannot be discharged through the fifth through hole 281 and the sixth through hole 29, so that a large amount of loss of hot air caused by a large amount of overflow of air from the first automatic valve 19 can be avoided; after seeds enter the fixed box 20 through the first automatic valve 19, the seeds are stacked on the sliding plate 22, the sliding plate 22 slides downwards under the gravity of the seeds along with the increase of the number of the seeds, when the sliding plate 22 slides to press the pressing block 282 and pushes the pressing block 282 to move downwards together until the fifth through hole 281 is aligned with the sixth through hole 29, the seeds above the sliding plate 22 are rapidly discharged through the fifth through hole 281 and the sixth through hole 29 under the gravity and the push of the air flow in the drying box 10, then the sliding plate 22 is reset under the action of the first spring 25, and the T-shaped slide block 28 is reset under the action of the second spring 27; that is, only at the moment of seed sowing, only a small amount of gas is lost inside the drying box 10, so that the heat preservation inside the drying box 10 is realized, and the drying of the seeds of the next batch can be accelerated.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a cam 39 is fixedly sleeved on the upper end of the rotating rod 12 above the first fan blade 18; a cylinder 30 is fixed at the right top of the drying box 10, the axis of the cylinder 30 is arranged along the horizontal direction, a piston 31 is connected in the cylinder 30 in a sliding manner, a piston rod 38 arranged along the horizontal direction is fixed at the left end of the piston 31, and the left end of the piston rod 38 is attached to the contour of a cam 39; a through groove 311 arranged along the vertical direction is formed in the right end of the piston 31, a floating ball 312 is connected inside the through groove 311 in a sliding manner, the size of the opening of the through groove 311 is smaller than the diameter of the floating ball 312, so that the floating ball 312 is limited inside the through groove 311, and a second automatic valve switch with contacts arranged downwards is fixed at the upper end inside the through groove 311; a sponge 33 is fixed at the right end of the cylinder body 30, the sponge 33 is a high-temperature-resistant sponge 33, a one-way inlet valve 34 is arranged on the part of the middle part of the cylinder body 30, which is positioned at the left end of the sponge 33, the one-way inlet valve 34 is communicated with the bottom in the drying box 10 through an inlet pipe 341, a one-way outlet valve 35 and a pressing valve 37 are arranged at the right end of the cylinder body 30, the outlet end of the one-way outlet valve 35 is connected with a second automatic valve 36, the outlet end of the second automatic valve 36 is communicated with the inside of the drying box 10, a third automatic valve is arranged at the right end of the cylinder body 30, the third automatic valve and the second automatic valve 36 are both electrically connected with a second automatic valve switch, when the second automatic valve switch is pressed, the second automatic valve 36 is closed, the third automatic valve is opened, when the second automatic valve switch is loosened, the second automatic valve switch is opened, and the third automatic valve is closed; the outlet end of the pressing valve 37 is communicated with the outside, and the valve core of the pressing valve 37 is horizontally arranged towards the left; the cylinder 30 is provided with a third spring 32 therein, one end of the third spring 32 is fixed to the piston 31, and the other end of the third spring 32 is fixed to the right end of the cylinder 30.
The rotating rod 12 rotates to drive the cam 39 to rotate, when the end of the cam 39 farthest from the rotating rod 12 is close to the piston rod 38, the cam 39 drives the piston rod 38 and the piston 31 to move rightwards, and the piston 31 compresses the third spring 32; when the end of the cam 39 closest to the rotating rod 12 is close to the piston rod 38, the piston rod 38 and the piston 31 move leftwards under the action of the first spring 25, so that the left end of the piston rod 38 is always attached to the contour of the cam 39; that is, the cam 39 cooperates with the third spring 32 to drive the piston 31 to slide back and forth in the cylinder 30. When the piston 31 moves to the left, a negative pressure is formed inside the cylinder 30, the one-way inlet valve 34 is opened, the one-way outlet valve 35 is closed, and the water or the water-vapor mixture inside the drying box 10 is sucked inside the cylinder 30 through the inlet pipe 341; when the piston 31 moves rightwards, positive pressure is formed inside the cylinder 30, the one-way inlet valve 34 is closed, the one-way outlet valve 35 is opened, if all the water is sucked into the cylinder 30, the floating ball 312 presses the press switch 313 under the buoyancy of the water to close the second automatic valve 36, and open the third automatic valve, so that the water inside the cylinder 30 can not be discharged into the drying box 10 through the one-way outlet valve 35 but can be automatically discharged to the outside through the third automatic valve; if the inside of the cylinder 30 sucks the water-vapor mixture, the float ball 312 cannot press the press switch 313 under the buoyancy of water, the second automatic valve 36 is opened, the third automatic valve is closed, the water-vapor mixture inside the cylinder 30 is dried by the sponge 33, the dried gas is discharged into the drying box 10 through the one-way outlet valve 35 and the second automatic valve 36, after the piston 31 slides rightwards to a position beyond the one-way outlet valve 35, the piston 31 continues to slide and press the sponge 33, when the piston 31 presses the valve 37 to press the valve core of the valve 37, the press valve 37 is opened, the piston 31 presses the sponge 33 and discharges the water extruded from the sponge 33 to the outside, so that the water and the gas are separated, the hot air returns to the inside of the drying box 10 to circularly dry the seeds inside the drying box 10, only the water is discharged, and the drying rate of the seeds is accelerated. The inlet end of the inlet pipe 341 is disposed at the bottom of the drying box 10, so that water at the bottom of the drying box 10 is discharged by the cylinder 30 in the early stage of drying, and the inside of the drying box 10 is dehumidified in the later stage of drying.
As shown in fig. 1, the opening of the collecting hopper 40 is vertically arranged upward, the collecting hopper 40 is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the lower part of the drying box 10, the collecting hopper 40 and the drying box 10 are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the rotating rod 12 extends to the bottom of the collecting hopper 40, the motor 13 is fixed at the lower end of the collecting hopper 40, and the bottom of the collecting hopper 40 is provided with the discharge valve 41.
The dried seeds discharged from the inside of the fixed box 20 are discharged into the collecting hopper 40 for collection, and the discharge valve 41 is arranged to facilitate discharging and packaging of the seeds in the collecting hopper 40.
As shown in fig. 1, a second fan blade 191 is fixedly disposed on a portion of the rotating rod 12 located between the drying box 10 and the collecting hopper 40, and the second fan blade 191 blows the air flow from bottom to top.
The rotation of the rotation rod 12 drives the second fan blade 191 to rotate to generate air convection, so that the seeds entering the collecting hopper 40 are cooled, and the subsequent packaging is facilitated.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
in the initial state, the automatic valve is closed, the pressing plate 16 is located at the lower limit position and is pressed to the forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13.
Opening a feed valve 11, pouring cleaned seeds into the drying box 10, then closing the feed valve 11, opening an electric heating plate to heat the interior of the drying box 10, switching on a motor 13, pressing a forward rotation switch 17 of the motor 13, driving a rotating rod 12 to rotate forward by forward rotation of the motor 13, rotating a rotating disc 14 to rotate forward, enabling a squeezing disc 16 to move upwards, enabling the seeds to be subjected to the action of centrifugal force, removing water on the surfaces of the seeds and being adsorbed by a water absorption disc 15, and enabling the squeezing disc 16 to extrude the water in the water absorption disc 15 when the squeezing disc 16 moves upwards to a limit position which is in contact with the water absorption disc 15 and moves upwards; after the extrusion disc 16 moves to the upper limit position, the extrusion disc 16 presses the reversing switch 171 of the motor 13, the motor 13 reverses to drive the rotating rod 12 to reverse, the rotating disc 14 reverses, the extrusion disc 16 moves downwards, the seeds are acted by centrifugal force, and water on the surfaces of the seeds is continuously removed and adsorbed by the water absorption disc 15; the extrusion disc 16 periodically reciprocates up and down to drive the rotating rod 12 to drive the rotating disc 14 to periodically rotate forwards and backwards, wherein the rotating disc 14 has a static point in the reversing process, the centrifugal force of the seeds disappears at the moment, and the seeds roll towards the center of the rotating disc 14 under the action of gravity, so that the seeds roll on the rotating disc 14 through the periodic forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the rotating disc 14, the stirring effect on the seeds is achieved, and the drying speed of the seeds is accelerated.
Meanwhile, the cam 39 and the third spring 32 are matched to drive the piston 31 to slide in the cylinder 30 in a reciprocating manner, the cylinder 30 intermittently sucks and discharges the water and water-vapor mixture in the drying box 10, water at the bottom of the drying box 10 is discharged by the cylinder 30 in the early stage of drying, and the drying speed of the drying box 10 is further accelerated in the later stage of drying.
After seeds are dried, the first automatic valve 19 is opened, after the seeds enter the fixed box 20 through the first automatic valve 19 under the action of centrifugal force, the seeds are accumulated on the sliding plate 22, along with the increase of the number of the seeds, the sliding plate 22 slides downwards under the action of the gravity of the seeds, when the sliding plate 22 slides to press the pressing block 282 and pushes the pressing block 282 to move downwards together until the fifth through hole 281 is aligned with the sixth through hole 29, the seeds above the sliding plate 22 are quickly discharged through the fifth through hole 281 and the sixth through hole 29 under the action of the gravity and the push of the air flow in the drying box 10, then the sliding plate 22 is reset under the action of the first spring 25, and the T-shaped sliding block 28 is reset under the action of the second spring 27; only at the moment of seed sowing, only a small amount of gas is lost inside the drying box 10, so that the heat preservation inside the drying box 10 is realized, and the drying of the seeds of the next batch can be accelerated.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a forestry seed drying apparatus which characterized in that: the drying box is fixed on the rack, the axis of the drying box is arranged along the vertical direction, the top of the drying box is provided with a feed valve, and the bottom of the drying box is provided with an electric heating plate; the drying box is internally and rotatably connected with a rotary table, and the rotary table is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate; a water absorption disc is coaxially fixed at the lower end of the rotary disc, and a first vent hole and a second vent hole which are aligned up and down are respectively arranged on the rotary disc and the water absorption disc; the lower part in the drying box is coaxially provided with an extrusion disc, the extrusion disc is driven by the driving mechanism to reciprocate up and down, and a third vent hole is formed in the extrusion disc; a first automatic valve is arranged on the side wall of the drying box above the turntable and electrically connected with a first automatic valve switch; the driving mechanism comprises a rotating rod which is coaxial with the drying box, the lower end of the rotating rod penetrates through the bottom of the drying box and extends to the lower part of the drying box, and the rotating rod is driven by a motor to rotate forwards and backwards periodically; an external thread is arranged on the part, below the rotating disc, of the rotating rod, the extrusion disc is sleeved on the rotating rod, an internal thread matched with the external thread on the rotating rod is arranged on the extrusion disc, and the rotating rod is limited in the horizontal direction; when the rotating rod rotates forwards, the internal thread is matched with the external thread to enable the extrusion disc to slide upwards, and when the rotating rod rotates backwards, the internal thread is matched with the external thread to enable the extrusion disc to slide downwards; a cam is fixedly sleeved at the upper end of the rotating rod; a cylinder body is fixed at the top of the drying box, the axis of the cylinder body is arranged along the horizontal direction, a piston is connected in the cylinder body in a sliding manner, a piston rod arranged along the horizontal direction is fixed at one end, close to the cam, of the piston, and one end, far away from the piston, of the piston rod is attached to the contour of the cam; a through groove which is arranged along the vertical direction is formed in one end, far away from the cam, of the piston, a floating ball is connected inside the through groove in a sliding mode, the floating ball is limited inside the through groove, and a second automatic valve switch with a downward-arranged contact is fixed at the upper end inside the through groove; a sponge is fixed at one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body, a one-way inlet valve is arranged in the middle of the cylinder body and is communicated with the bottom of the drying box through an inlet pipe, a one-way outlet valve and a pressing valve are arranged at one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body, the outlet end of the one-way outlet valve is connected with a second automatic valve, the outlet end of the second automatic valve is communicated with the interior of the drying box, a third automatic valve is arranged at one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body, the third automatic valve and the second automatic valve are both electrically connected with a second automatic valve switch, when the second automatic valve switch is pressed, the second automatic valve is closed, the third automatic valve is opened, and when the second automatic valve switch is loosened, the second automatic valve switch is opened, and the third automatic valve is closed; the outlet end of the pressing valve is communicated with the outside, and the valve core of the pressing valve is vertical to the piston; and a third spring is arranged in the cylinder body, one end of the third spring is fixed on the piston, and the other end of the third spring is fixed on one end, far away from the cam, of the cylinder body.
2. The forestry seed dryer of claim 1, wherein: the water absorption disc is made of high-temperature-resistant sponge.
3. The forestry seed dryer of claim 1, wherein: the lower extreme of water absorption dish is fixed with the motor reversal switch that the contact was arranged downwards, the bottom of stoving case is fixed with the motor corotation switch that the contact was arranged upwards, when the extrusion dish moved the extreme position of top, the motor reversal switch can be pressed to the extrusion dish, when the extreme position of extrusion dish motion below, the motor corotation switch can be pressed to the extrusion dish, motor corotation switch and motor reversal switch all with motor electric connection, when the motor reversal switch is pressed, the motor reversal, when the motor corotation switch is pressed, motor corotation.
4. The forestry seed dryer of claim 1, wherein: a fixed box is fixed on the outer side wall of the drying box, a second through hole aligned with the first automatic valve is formed in the fixed box, a sliding plate is connected inside the fixed box in a sliding mode, a first spring is arranged inside the fixed box, the sliding plate is located on the upper portion of the fixed box under the elastic force of the first spring, a third through hole is formed in the sliding plate, a fourth through hole is formed in the portion, located below the sliding plate, inside the fixed box, a first through hole aligned with the fourth through hole is formed in the side wall of the drying box, a T-shaped sliding groove arranged in the vertical direction is formed in the portion, far away from the drying box, of the fixed box, a T-shaped sliding block is connected inside the T-shaped sliding groove in a sliding mode, the T-shaped sliding block is connected to the top of the T-shaped sliding groove through the second spring, and the T-shaped sliding block is located below the sliding plate; the T-shaped sliding block is provided with a fifth through hole, the side wall of the fixing box, far away from the drying box, is provided with a sixth through hole which can be aligned with the fifth through hole, the T-shaped sliding block is fixedly provided with a pressing block, and when the sliding plate slides downwards, the sliding plate can press the pressing block to enable the T-shaped sliding block to move downwards until the fifth through hole is aligned with the sixth through hole; the sliding plate inclines to one side where the fifth through hole is located.
5. The forestry seed dryer of claim 1, wherein: the drying box is characterized by also comprising a collecting hopper, wherein an opening of the collecting hopper is vertically arranged upwards, and the collecting hopper is fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the lower part of the drying box; and a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the collecting hopper.
6. The forestry seed dryer of claim 5, wherein: the lower extreme of dwang extends to the bottom of collecting the fill, the dwang is located the stoving case and collects the fixed second flabellum that is provided with on the part between fighting.
7. The forestry seed dryer of claim 1, wherein: the part of the rotating rod, which is positioned at the upper part of the drying box, is fixedly provided with a first fan blade.
CN202011519022.0A 2020-12-21 2020-12-21 Forestry seed drying apparatus Active CN112629173B (en)

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