CN112627721B - Continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer - Google Patents
Continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112627721B CN112627721B CN202011512422.9A CN202011512422A CN112627721B CN 112627721 B CN112627721 B CN 112627721B CN 202011512422 A CN202011512422 A CN 202011512422A CN 112627721 B CN112627721 B CN 112627721B
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- female joint
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B6/00—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/36—Percussion drill bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil field drilling development, in particular to a continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer. The device's shell upper end inside is equipped with the bearing axle, and bearing axle upper end cover is equipped with the top circle on the stator, and the top circle is fixed on the shell inner wall on the stator, and rotor lock nut suit is sealed between bearing axle middle part and the bearing axle, and the bearing cluster is arranged in rotor lock nut lower extreme and is suit on the bearing axle. The invention can improve the rock breaking efficiency of various drill bits without influencing the control of the well track, has reasonable structure, short overall length, high frequency and high reliability, can generate controllable pressure pulse waves without influencing the control of the well track, can directly connect the drill bit by high-frequency impact, directly acts on the drill bit body by the impact force, has no energy loss in the middle, can adjust the impact force, has long service life of the whole machine, does not have a wearing part, has long continuous working time and high reliability and is convenient to install.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of oilfield drilling development, in particular to a continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer.
Background art:
since the middle of the 80 s of the last century, the improvement of the drilling speed of petroleum and natural gas by using a rock impact breaking method becomes a research hotspot for improving the drilling speed. A hydraulic rotary percussion tool with similar principles is produced, and the core technical connotation of the hydraulic rotary percussion tool is that a set of special 'cross reversing mechanism' or 'self-excited pulse generator' is utilized to enable drilling fluid to generate continuous pressure fluctuation in a drill pipe water hole, so that a continuous vibration force is formed above a drill bit, the drill bit rotates while impacting a stratum, and the purpose of efficiently breaking rocks is achieved. However, since the key components of these tools are subjected to high-speed erosion by drilling fluid, the overall life of the machine is generally short; meanwhile, the tool has a too long structure, and the direct connection of the tool with the drill bit cannot meet the requirement of well track control, so the tool is not popularized; in recent years, under the influence of western petroleum drilling, some domestic units and individuals imitate the similar technical products abroad, and a 'torsion impact tool' is provided, aiming at applying a continuous impact force along the tangential direction of the circumference of a drill bit to the drill bit so as to achieve the efficient rock breaking effect. However, the tool has small impact force, the force direction is not applied along the axial direction of the drill bit, the length of the tool is difficult to be shortened to be less than 0.4 meter, and the borehole trajectory control is greatly restricted, so the application range is also greatly limited, and the tool cannot be popularized and applied in a large range.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer, which can improve the rock breaking efficiency of various types of drill bits on the premise of not influencing the track control of a well hole, has the advantages of reasonable structure, short overall length, no influence on the track control of the well hole, capability of generating controllable pressure pulse waves, high frequency, capability of realizing high-frequency impact on the drill bit, direct connection with the drill bit, direct action of impact force on a drill bit body, no energy loss in the middle, adjustable impact force, long overall service life, no wearing parts, long continuous working time, high reliability and convenient installation. The defects that the existing impact tool has too long structure, influences the track control of a well, and has small impact force and short service life are overcome.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer comprises a shell, wherein a male connector is designed at the upper end of the shell; the upper end of the shell is internally provided with a bearing shaft, the upper end of the bearing shaft is sleeved with an upper stator top ring, the upper stator top ring is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, a rotor locking nut is sleeved in the middle of the bearing shaft and sealed with the bearing shaft, a bearing is arranged at the lower end of a rotor locking nut in series and sleeved on the bearing shaft, an inner rotor sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the bearing string, a plurality of turbine rotors are axially and sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the inner rotor sleeve, the rotor locking nut is in threaded connection with the upper end of the inner rotor sleeve and tightly presses the turbine rotors, a turbine stator is correspondingly arranged on the outer side of each turbine rotor, a lower stator top ring is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, the turbine stators are fixed through the upper stator top ring and the lower stator top ring, a plurality of drilling fluid flowing holes are circumferentially designed on the upper stator top ring, and the drilling fluid flowing holes are communicated with the turbine stators and the turbine rotors;
the lower end of the rotor inner sleeve is provided with an upper pulse generating block, the upper pulse generating block can axially slide along the rotor inner sleeve, the upper pulse generating block rotates along with the rotation of the rotor inner sleeve, the cylindrical bottom surface at the lower end of the upper pulse generating block is provided with a drilling fluid flow passage with axial depth, and the end surface of the drilling fluid flow passage is formed by a sector passing through the center of a circle and a central circle connecting line; the lower end of the upper pulse generation block is provided with a hammer body vibration sleeve, the top end face of the hammer body vibration sleeve is provided with a pulse generation flow control hole which is consistent with the end face of the drilling fluid flow channel in shape and size, and the end face of the drilling fluid flow channel can be completely and correspondingly communicated with the pulse generation flow control hole;
the outer wall of the hammer body vibration sleeve and the inner wall of the shell are sealed, the lower end of the hammer body vibration sleeve is connected with a hammer head cap, the upper end of a drill bit female joint extends into the hammer head cap, a limiting step capable of being attached to the lower end face of the hammer head cap is arranged outside the drill bit female joint, a disc spring supporting block is sleeved at the upper end of the drill bit female joint, a disc spring is sleeved on the disc spring supporting block, the upper end of the disc spring is propped against the hammer body vibration sleeve, and the hammer head cap can axially slide along the drill bit female joint and impact the limiting step face of the drill bit female joint; the pulse generation flow control hole of the hammer body vibration sleeve is communicated with the central channel of the disc spring supporting block and the central channel of the drill bit female joint;
the drill bit female joint is characterized in that a locking ball channel is formed in the outer wall of the drill bit female joint in the circumferential direction, an annular ball channel is formed in the inner wall of the corresponding shell, locking steel balls are installed between the locking ball channel and the annular ball channel, a plurality of tooth embedding grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of the bottom end of the shell, a plurality of tooth embedding pieces are arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the lower end of the drill bit female joint, and the tooth embedding grooves and the tooth embedding pieces are installed in a matched mode.
The inner wall surface of the upper top ring of the stator is matched with a taper locking surface on the outer wall of the upper end of the bearing shaft and locked by a bearing suspension tightening cap, and the top end of the bearing shaft is provided with a jack.
The inner wall of the rotor locking nut is provided with a bearing shaft Y-shaped sealing ring and is sealed with the bearing shaft through the bearing shaft Y-shaped sealing ring, the inner wall of the shell is provided with the Y-shaped sealing ring, and the shell is respectively sealed with the hammer body vibration sleeve and the drill bit female joint through the Y-shaped sealing ring.
The upper end of the upper pulse generating block is a cylindrical convex block, the cylindrical convex block extends into the rotor inner sleeve, the outer wall of the cylindrical convex block is provided with an axial sliding steel ball groove, the inner wall of the rotor inner sleeve corresponding to the axial sliding steel ball groove is provided with a sliding steel ball groove, a sliding steel ball is arranged between the axial sliding steel ball groove and the sliding steel ball groove, the upper pulse generating block axially slides along the rotor inner sleeve through the sliding steel ball, and the upper pulse generating block rotates along with the rotation of the rotor inner sleeve through the sliding steel ball.
The axial depth of the drilling fluid flow channel is 5-20mm.
Go up pulse generation piece lower extreme cylinder bottom surface and open and have a plurality of drilling fluids to flow through the passageway, a plurality of drilling fluids flow through the passageway and evenly arrange along last pulse generation piece lower extreme cylinder bottom surface circumference, and the hole sector area that a plurality of drilling fluids flow through the passageway terminal surface adds up and is not more than half corresponding circle area, and hammer block vibrations upper end circumference sets up and flows through the pulse of the same quantity of passageway and take place accuse discharge orifice with the drilling fluid.
A plurality of pressure relief holes are formed in a limiting step of the drill bit female joint, an axial sliding pin hole channel is formed in the outer wall of the upper end of the drill bit female joint, a sliding pin hole channel is formed in the inner wall of the corresponding hammer head cap, a hammer head cap sliding pin is installed between the axial sliding pin hole channel and the sliding pin hole channel, and the hammer head cap can axially slide along the drill bit female joint through the hammer head cap sliding pin and impact the limiting step surface of the drill bit female joint.
The outer wall of the upper end of the drill bit female joint is provided with a disc spring abutting step, and the disc spring supporting block abuts against the disc spring abutting step.
A radial threaded hole is formed in a locking ball channel on the outer wall of the drill bit female joint, a plug I is connected in the radial threaded hole, a ball channel consistent with the locking ball channel is designed at the top end of the plug I, a plug II is connected to the center of the plug I in a threaded mode, the plug II penetrates through the ball channel at the top end of the plug I and the inside of the drill bit female joint, and the diameter of the plug II is larger than that of a locking steel ball.
The lower top ring of the stator is connected to the inner wall of the shell through threads, a horizontal cutting seam with the width of 0.5-2mm is cut on the outer thread cylindrical surface of the lower top ring of the stator, the length of the cutting seam is 1/3 of the length of the corresponding circumference, 1 locking threaded hole is drilled in the middle of the cutting seam, and the depth of the locking threaded hole penetrates through the thickness of the lower top ring of the stator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can improve the rock breaking efficiency of various drill bits without influencing the control of the well track, has reasonable structure, short overall length, high frequency and high reliability, can generate controllable pressure pulse waves without influencing the control of the well track, can directly connect the drill bit by high-frequency impact, directly acts on the drill bit body by the impact force, has no energy loss in the middle, can adjust the impact force, has long service life of the whole machine, does not have a wearing part, has long continuous working time and high reliability and is convenient to install.
Description of the drawings:
the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the housing.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drill bit female joint structure and connection.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a female drill bit joint.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the hammer body vibration sleeve and the hammer head cap.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is a bottom view of the hammer head cap.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a bearing shaft suspension connection structure.
Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a top view of the top ring of the stator.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a turbine rotor compression configuration.
Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken along line F-F of fig. 14.
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a turbine stator compression configuration.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a lower top ring of a stator.
Fig. 18 is a sectional view taken along line G-G of fig. 17.
Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotor inner sleeve and the upper pulse generating block.
Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along line H-H in fig. 19.
Fig. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line M-M in fig. 20.
Fig. 22 is a bottom view of the upper pulse generating block.
FIG. 23 is a schematic view of the upper pulse generator block and the hammer body vibration sleeve.
Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction of N-N in fig. 23.
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the present invention in use.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hammer for continuous axial impact rock breaking comprises a shell 1, wherein a male connector is designed at the upper end of the shell 1; a bearing shaft 16 is arranged in the upper end of the shell 1, an upper stator top ring 7 is sleeved at the upper end of the bearing shaft 16, the upper stator top ring 7 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 1, a rotor locking nut 3 is sleeved in the middle of the bearing shaft 16 and sealed with the bearing shaft 16, a bearing string 18 is arranged at the lower end of the rotor locking nut 3 and sleeved on the bearing shaft 16, a rotor inner sleeve 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the bearing string 18, a plurality of turbine rotors 6 are axially and sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the rotor inner sleeve 4, the rotor locking nut 3 is in threaded connection with the upper end of the rotor inner sleeve 4 and tightly presses the turbine rotors 6, a turbine stator 5 is correspondingly arranged on the outer side of each turbine rotor 6, a lower stator top ring 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 1, the turbine stator 5 is fixed with the upper stator top ring 7 and the lower stator top ring 10, a plurality of drilling fluid through holes 35 are circumferentially designed on the upper stator top ring 7, and the drilling fluid through holes 35 are communicated with the turbine stators 5 and the turbine rotors 6;
the lower end of the rotor inner sleeve 4 is provided with an upper pulse generating block 8, the upper pulse generating block 8 can axially slide along the rotor inner sleeve 4, the upper pulse generating block 8 rotates along with the rotation of the rotor inner sleeve 4, the cylindrical bottom surface of the lower end of the upper pulse generating block 8 is provided with a drilling fluid overflowing channel 39 with axial depth, and the end surface of the drilling fluid overflowing channel 39 is in the shape of a sector passing through the center of a circle and a connecting line of a center circle; as shown in fig. 23 and 24, the lower end of the upper pulse generating block 8 is provided with a hammer body vibration sleeve 9, the top end face of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 is provided with a pulse generating flow control hole 30 which has the same shape and size as the end face of the drilling fluid flow passage 39, and the end face of the drilling fluid flow passage 39 can be completely communicated with the pulse generating flow control hole 30 correspondingly;
the outer wall of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 and the inner wall of the shell 1 are sealed, the lower end of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 is connected with a hammer head cap 12, the upper end of a drill bit female joint 2 extends into the hammer head cap 12, a limiting step capable of being attached to the lower end face of the hammer head cap 12 is arranged outside the drill bit female joint 2, a disc spring supporting block 11 is sleeved at the upper end of the drill bit female joint 2, a disc spring 13 is sleeved on the disc spring supporting block 11, the upper end of the disc spring 13 abuts against the hammer body vibration sleeve 9, and the hammer head cap 12 can axially slide along the drill bit female joint 2 and impact the limiting step face of the drill bit female joint 2; the pulse generation flow control hole 30 of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 is communicated with the central channel of the disc spring supporting block 11 and the central channel of the drill bit female joint 2;
the outer wall circumference of the drill bit female joint 2 is provided with a locking ball channel, the inner wall of the corresponding shell 1 is provided with an annular ball channel, the locking ball channel is provided with a locking steel ball 21 between the annular ball channels, the bottom end circumference of the shell 1 is provided with a plurality of jaw grooves 24, the outer wall circumference of the lower end of the drill bit female joint 2 is provided with a plurality of jaws 27, and the jaw grooves 24 are matched with the jaws 27 for torque transmission.
The inner wall surface of the upper top ring 7 of the stator is matched with a taper locking surface 33 on the outer wall of the upper end of the bearing shaft 16 and is locked by a bearing suspension tightening cap 17, and the top end of the bearing shaft 16 is provided with an insertion hole 32.
And a bearing shaft Y-shaped sealing ring 20 is arranged on the inner wall of the rotor locking nut 3 and is sealed with the bearing shaft 16 through the bearing shaft Y-shaped sealing ring 20, a Y-shaped sealing ring 22 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1, and the shell 1 is respectively sealed with the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 and the drill bit female joint 2 through the Y-shaped sealing ring 22.
The upper end of the upper pulse generation block 8 is a cylindrical convex block, the cylindrical convex block extends into the rotor inner sleeve 4, the outer wall of the cylindrical convex block is provided with an axial sliding steel ball groove, the inner wall of the rotor inner sleeve 4 corresponding to the axial sliding steel ball groove is provided with a sliding steel ball groove 36, a sliding steel ball 23 is arranged between the axial sliding steel ball groove and the sliding steel ball groove 36, the upper pulse generation block 8 axially slides along the rotor inner sleeve 4 through the sliding steel ball 23, and the upper pulse generation block 8 rotates along with the rotation of the rotor inner sleeve 4 through the sliding steel ball 23.
The drilling fluid flow channels 39 have an axial depth of 5-20mm.
Go up 8 lower extreme cylinder bottom surfaces of pulse generation piece and open and have a plurality of drilling fluids to flow through passageway 39, a plurality of drilling fluids flow through passageway 39 and evenly arrange along 8 lower extreme cylinder bottom surfaces circumference of last pulse generation piece, and the hole sector area that a plurality of drilling fluids flow through the passageway 39 terminal surfaces adds up and is not more than half corresponding circle area, and hammer block vibrations cover 9 up end circumference sets up and flows through the pulse generation accuse discharge orifice 30 of passageway 39 the same quantity with the drilling fluid.
A plurality of pressure relief holes 29 are formed in a limiting step of the drill bit female joint 2, an axial sliding pin hole channel 26 is formed in the outer wall of the upper end of the drill bit female joint 2, a sliding pin hole channel 31 is formed in the inner wall of the corresponding hammer head 12, a hammer head sliding pin 19 is installed between the axial sliding pin hole channel 26 and the sliding pin hole channel 31, and the hammer head 12 can axially slide along the drill bit female joint 2 through the hammer head sliding pin 19 and impact the limiting step surface of the drill bit female joint 2.
The outer wall of the upper end of the drill bit female joint 2 is provided with a disc spring abutting step 28, and the disc spring supporting block 11 abuts against the disc spring abutting step 28.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a plurality of jaw grooves 24 for transmitting torque are formed at the bottom end surface of the housing 1. An annular ball path, 3Y-shaped sealing grooves and a section of connecting thread are arranged on the inner surface of the shell 1. The inner step of the top of the shell 1 adopts a transition circular arc 25. The outer surface upper end of shell 1 has the mark groove, and its sign content is: "Vector Hammer, ID: production date LYH Serial number ". The outer surface of the shell 1 is designed to be step-shaped, the diameter of a thin part is 60mm-178mm, the diameter of a thick part is 70mm-190mm, the overall length is 300mm-600mm, and the length ratio of the thick part to the thin part is 1.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the locking ball path of the female drill bit joint 2 is designed to have 2 semicircular arcs at two sides, and the center distance of the 2 semicircular arcs is 2-3mm, and after the locking steel balls 21 are loaded, the female drill bit joint 2 and the shell 1 can move up and down by a distance of 2-3 mm. A radial threaded hole is formed in a locking ball channel on the outer wall of the drill bit female joint 2, a plug I14 is connected in the radial threaded hole, a ball channel consistent with the locking ball channel is designed at the top end of the plug I14, the plug I14 is connected with a plug II 15 through central threads, the plug II 15 penetrates through the ball channel at the top end of the plug I14 and the inside of the drill bit female joint 2, and the diameter of the plug II 15 is larger than that of a locking steel ball 21. The female drill bit connector 2 is connected with the shell 1 through locking steel balls 21, and the mutual insertion of the jaw and the jaw groove of the female drill bit connector 2 and the shell 1 is kept during connection.
As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the upper end of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 is hexagonal or square, one or more pulse generation flow control holes 30 are formed in the top end face, the geometric shape of each hole is formed by connecting fan-shaped holes passing through the circle center at an angle of 60-180 degrees with the center hole, if the number of the holes exceeds 1, each hole is uniformly distributed along the circle center, and the sum of the fan areas of the holes cannot be more than half of the area of the corresponding circle. The number and geometry of the openings must be equal to the upper pulse generating block 8, and the lower end of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 is provided with a thread for connecting a hammer head cap 12. The inner surface of the center circle of the hammer head cap 12 is provided with 2-6 cylindrical sliding pin holes. The bottom end surface of the excircle of the hammer head cap 12 is a round chamfer, the chamfer value is generally R2-R10, the upper end surface of the hammer head cap 12 is a conical surface, and the bottom surface of the bottom end of the disc spring supporting block 11 is a conical surface which is seated with the conical surface with a corresponding angle on the hammer head cap 12.
As shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13, the upper and lower end faces of the top ring 7 on the stator are respectively provided with a drilling fluid overflowing annular surface 34, the depth of the drilling fluid overflowing annular surface is generally 3-20mm, the middle face of the drilling fluid overflowing annular surface 34 is provided with 2-6 drilling fluid overflowing holes 35, the central hole of the top ring 7 on the stator is a tapered hole, a tapered locking surface 33 is arranged corresponding to the bearing shaft 16, and the taper is matched with the tapered hole on the top ring 7 on the stator for locking the matching of the two.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the turbine rotor 6 is sleeved on the rotor inner sleeve 4 and is pressed by the rotor lock nut 3, and 3-6 assembly holes are formed in the pressing surface of the rotor lock nut, so that the rotor lock nut 3 can be conveniently tightened (or loosened).
As shown in fig. 16, 17 and 18, the top ring 7 of the stator is arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the shell 1, then the turbine stators 5 are arranged in sequence, and the number of the turbine stators 5 is generally 2-8 and is equal to that of the turbine rotors 6. The stator lower top ring 10 is connected with the thread on the shell 1, and the turbine stator 5 is fixed in the inner cavity of the shell 1 after being screwed down. The stator lower top ring 10 is connected to the inner wall of the shell 1 through threads, a horizontal cutting slit 37 with the width of 0.5-2mm is cut on the outer thread cylindrical surface of the stator lower top ring 10, the length of the cutting slit 37 is 1/3 of the corresponding circumferential length, 1 locking threaded hole 38 is drilled in the middle of the length of the cutting slit 37, and the depth of the locking threaded hole 38 penetrates through the thickness of the stator lower top ring 10. The inner diameter of the stator lower top ring 10 is provided with 3-4 assembling grooves for assembling and disassembling the component.
As shown in fig. 19, 20, 21 and 22, the end surface of the drilling fluid flow channel 39 of the upper pulse generation block 8 is formed by connecting a sector passing through the center of a circle and a central circle, the central circle is used for adjusting the maximum peak value of the pressure pulse wave, and the sector wrap angle is used for adjusting the maximum peak value pulse width of the pressure pulse wave. A key groove is formed in the outer circular surface of the rotor inner sleeve 4, the length of the key groove penetrates through the whole equal-diameter outer surface, the key groove is used for fixing the turbine rotor 5, and mutual slipping during working is prevented.
As shown in fig. 25, the male connector of the casing 1 of the present invention is connected to a drilling tool (or a screw) and the female connector 2 is connected to a drill bit. When the turbine pump works, when drilling fluid is pumped into the inner cavity of the shell 1, the drilling fluid enters cavities of the turbine rotor 6 and the turbine stator 5 through the drilling fluid overflowing hole 35 in the top ring 7 on the stator, the turbine rotor 6 rotates at a high speed due to the functional characteristics of the turbine, and meanwhile, the turbine rotor 6 drives the rotor locking nut 3, the rotor inner sleeve 4, the upper pulse generating block 8 and the sliding steel ball 23 to synchronously rotate at a high speed. Under the action of the pressure difference, the upper pulse generating block 8 slides downwards along the sliding steel ball 23 in the rotor inner sleeve 4 to form plane joint with the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 below. The hammer body vibration sleeve 9 can only move up and down but can not rotate, so when the positions of the overflowing sector area on the upper pulse generation block 8 and the pulse generation flow control hole 30 of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 change relatively, namely when a drilling fluid flow channel (overflowing area) changes from small to large (or from large to small), the change of cyclic pressure loss is generated, namely a pressure wave is generated, the upper pulse generation block 8 rotates continuously, and the pressure wave is generated continuously. When the overflowing sector area on the upper pulse generating block 8 and the pulse generating flow control hole 30 of the hammer body vibrating sleeve 9 are in 180-degree back positions (namely, the overflowing channel is closed, and only the central pressure regulating hole is normally opened), a high pressure peak value is generated, at the moment, the pressure on the cross section of the upper part of the hammer body vibrating sleeve 9 is larger than the pretightening force of the lower disc spring 13, and under the action of the high pressure peak value, the hammer body vibrating sleeve 9 quickly impacts downwards; on the contrary, when the overflowing sector area on the upper pulse generation block 8 and the pulse generation flow control hole 30 of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 are in the same direction position (that is, all the overflowing channels are opened), the pressure value is the lowest value, at this time, the pressure on the upper cross section of the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 is smaller than the pretightening force of the lower disc spring 13, and the hammer body vibration sleeve 9 is restored to the original position.
Reciprocating like this, hammer block vibrations cover 9 and the spacing step face of hammer head cap 12 that links together impact bit female joint 2 in succession, and on bit female joint 2 transmitted this impact force to the drill bit again, the drill bit additionally possessed a continuous impact force on the basis of conventional weight on bit, its principle of action is similar to the electric impact drill in the middle of the life, then just reached quick, high-efficient broken rock's purpose.
It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, not limitation, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; and are within the scope of the present invention as long as the requirements of use are met.
Claims (10)
1. A hammer for breaking rock by continuous axial impact comprises a shell (1), wherein a male connector is designed at the upper end of the shell (1); the method is characterized in that: a bearing shaft (16) is arranged inside the upper end of a shell (1), an upper stator top ring (7) is sleeved at the upper end of the bearing shaft (16), the upper stator top ring (7) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (1), a rotor locking nut (3) is sleeved in the middle of the bearing shaft (16) and sealed with the bearing shaft (16), a bearing string (18) is arranged at the lower end of the rotor locking nut (3) and sleeved on the bearing shaft (16), a rotor inner sleeve (4) is sleeved outside the bearing string (18), a plurality of turbine rotors (6) are axially and sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the rotor inner sleeve (4), the rotor locking nut (3) is in threaded connection with the upper end of the rotor inner sleeve (4) and tightly presses the turbine rotors (6), a turbine stator (5) is correspondingly arranged outside each turbine rotor (6), a lower stator top ring (10) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (1), the turbine stators (5) are fixed with the lower stator top ring (7) through the upper stator top ring (7), a plurality of drilling fluid flowing holes (35) are circumferentially designed on the stator, and the turbine flowing holes (35) are communicated with the turbine flow holes (6);
the lower end of the rotor inner sleeve (4) is provided with an upper pulse generating block (8), the upper pulse generating block (8) can axially slide along the rotor inner sleeve (4), the upper pulse generating block (8) rotates along with the rotation of the rotor inner sleeve (4), the cylindrical bottom surface of the lower end of the upper pulse generating block (8) is provided with a drilling fluid overflowing channel (39) with axial depth, and the end surface of the drilling fluid overflowing channel (39) is formed by connecting a sector passing through the center of a circle and a central circle; the lower end of the upper pulse generation block (8) is provided with a hammer body vibration sleeve (9), the top end face of the hammer body vibration sleeve (9) is provided with a pulse generation flow control hole (30) which is consistent with the end face of the drilling fluid overflowing channel (39) in shape and size, and the end face of the drilling fluid overflowing channel (39) can be completely communicated with the pulse generation flow control hole (30) in a corresponding mode;
the outer wall of the hammer body vibration sleeve (9) and the inner wall of the shell (1) are sealed, the lower end of the hammer body vibration sleeve (9) is connected with a hammer head cap (12), the upper end of a drill head female joint (2) extends into the hammer head cap (12), a limiting step which can be attached to the lower end face of the hammer head cap (12) is arranged outside the drill head female joint (2), a disc spring supporting block (11) is sleeved at the upper end of the drill head female joint (2), a disc spring (13) is sleeved on the disc spring supporting block (11), the upper end of the disc spring (13) abuts against the hammer body vibration sleeve (9), and the hammer head cap (12) can axially slide along the drill head female joint (2) and impact the limiting step face of the drill head female joint (2); the pulse generation flow control hole (30) of the hammer body vibration sleeve (9) is communicated with the central channel of the disc spring supporting block (11) and the central channel of the drill bit female joint (2);
drill bit female joint (2) outer wall circumference is opened there is the locking lane, and it has annular lane to open on corresponding shell (1) inner wall, the locking lane with install locking steel ball (21) between the annular lane, shell (1) bottom circumference design has a plurality of tooth caulking grooves (24), and drill bit female joint (2) lower extreme outer wall circumference design has a plurality of tooth inlays (27), tooth caulking groove (24) and tooth inlay (27) phase-match installation.
2. The hammer for continuous axial impact rock breaking according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall surface of the upper top ring (7) of the stator is matched with a taper locking surface (33) on the outer wall of the upper end of the bearing shaft (16) and locked by a bearing suspension tightening cap (17), and the top end of the bearing shaft (16) is provided with an insertion hole (32).
3. The continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the rotor locking nut (3) is provided with a bearing shaft Y-shaped sealing ring (20) and is sealed with the bearing shaft (16) through the bearing shaft Y-shaped sealing ring (20), the inner wall of the shell (1) is provided with a Y-shaped sealing ring (22), and the shell (1) is respectively sealed with the hammer body vibration sleeve (9) and the drill bit female joint (2) through the Y-shaped sealing ring (22).
4. The hammer for continuous axial impact rock breaking according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the upper pulse generation block (8) is a cylindrical convex block, the cylindrical convex block extends into the rotor inner sleeve (4), the outer wall of the cylindrical convex block is provided with an axial sliding steel ball groove, the inner wall of the rotor inner sleeve (4) corresponding to the axial sliding steel ball groove is provided with a sliding steel ball groove (36), a sliding steel ball (23) is arranged between the axial sliding steel ball groove and the sliding steel ball groove (36), the upper pulse generation block (8) axially slides along the rotor inner sleeve (4) through the sliding steel ball (23), and the upper pulse generation block (8) rotates along with the rotation of the rotor inner sleeve (4) through the sliding steel ball (23).
5. The continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein: the axial depth of the drilling fluid flow channel (39) is 5-20mm.
6. The continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein: go up pulse generation piece (8) lower extreme cylinder bottom surface and open and have a plurality of drilling fluids to flow through passageway (39), a plurality of drilling fluids flow through passageway (39) and evenly arrange along last pulse generation piece (8) lower extreme cylinder bottom surface circumference, and the hole sector area that a plurality of drilling fluids flow through passageway (39) terminal surface adds up and is not more than half corresponding circle area, and hammer block vibrations cover (9) up end circumference sets up and flows through the pulse generation accuse discharge orifice (30) of passageway (39) the same quantity with drilling fluids.
7. The continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer according to claim 1, wherein: open on the spacing step of drill bit female joint (2) and have a plurality of pressure release holes (29), it has axial sliding pin pore (26) to open on the outer wall of drill bit female joint (2) upper end, and it has sliding pin pore (31) to open on corresponding tup cap (12) inner wall, install tup cap sliding pin (19) between axial sliding pin pore (26) and sliding pin pore (31), tup cap (12) can follow drill bit female joint (2) axial slip and strike the spacing step face of drill bit female joint (2) through tup cap sliding pin (19).
8. The hammer for continuous axial impact rock breaking according to claim 1, wherein: and a disc spring jacking step (28) is arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the drill bit female joint (2), and the disc spring supporting block (11) abuts against the disc spring jacking step (28).
9. The hammer for continuous axial impact rock breaking according to claim 1, wherein: a radial threaded hole is formed in a locking ball channel on the outer wall of the drill bit female joint (2), a plug I (14) is connected in the radial threaded hole, a ball channel consistent with the locking ball channel is designed at the top end of the plug I (14), the plug I (14) is in central threaded connection with a plug II (15), the plug II (15) penetrates through the ball channel at the top end of the plug I (14) and the inside of the drill bit female joint (2), and the diameter of the plug II (15) is larger than a locking steel ball (21).
10. The hammer for continuous axial impact rock breaking according to claim 1, wherein: the stator lower top ring (10) is connected to the inner wall of the shell (1) through threads, a horizontal cutting seam (37) with the width of 0.5-2mm is cut on the outer thread cylindrical surface of the stator lower top ring (10), the length of the cutting seam (37) is 1/3 of the length of the corresponding circumference, 1 locking threaded hole (38) is drilled in the middle of the length of the cutting seam (37), and the depth of the locking threaded hole (38) penetrates through the thickness of the stator lower top ring (10).
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| CN202011512422.9A CN112627721B (en) | 2020-12-19 | 2020-12-19 | Continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer |
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| CN202011512422.9A CN112627721B (en) | 2020-12-19 | 2020-12-19 | Continuous axial impact rock breaking hammer |
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| CN112627721B true CN112627721B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112593848B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-02-10 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | Compound percussion device of PDC drill bit |
| CN113789783B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-08-26 | 中机锻压江苏股份有限公司 | Combined hammer head of piling hammer with self-wedging device |
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Effective date of registration: 20220630 Address after: 124010 Yushu village, Wujia Town, Panshan County, Panjin City, Liaoning Province Applicant after: Panjin Zhuohui Drilling Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 124010 20-2-10, Guangxia new town, Shihua Road, Xinglongtai District, Panjin City, Liaoning Province Applicant before: Li Yonghe |
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