CN107664012A - The two-way high frequency composite impact device of turbine type - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor, which is composed of a turbine assembly, an impact assembly and a conversion joint. The front end of the turbine assembly is connected to the conversion joint, and the front end of the conversion joint is connected to the impact assembly. Through the turbine assembly, the hydraulic energy is converted into the mechanical energy of the rotation of the turbine shaft, thereby driving the rotary valve of the impact assembly to rotate. There are holes in the cover, so that the drilling fluid periodically enters the hammer head and the hammer body barrel cavity, and the hammer head periodically hits the hammer body barrel under the push of the liquid to produce circumferential shocks, and at the same time, the axial holes of the rotary valve and the valve cover periodically The misalignment changes the liquid pressure, generates high-frequency axial vibration, and transmits the axial and circumferential impact force to the drill bit through the lower joint, which eliminates the stick-slip phenomenon, protects the drill bit, and improves the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit. The turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor of the present invention uses drilling fluid to generate two impacts, axial and circumferential, and can effectively improve drilling efficiency.

Description

Turbine type two-way high-frequency composite impactor

technical field

The invention relates to a downhole tool used for oil drilling, in particular to a turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor.

Background technique

In conventional oil well drilling, PDC drill bits are widely used. In field operation, due to the driller’s technical and experience problems, the drilling is not timely or too fast, or due to the friction of the well wall. The WOB to the drill bit is unstable, which affects the rock breaking efficiency, and may even damage the drill bit or crack the cutting teeth of the drill bit due to the sudden increase of the WOB, affecting the drilling speed. On the other hand, when the PDC drill bit is drilling hard or abrasive formations, it usually does not have enough torque to break the rock, resulting in the phenomenon of pipe sticking, and the torque release of the downhole drill pipe causes the drill bit to fail. The rock in the deep formation of the oil field is hard and the grinding extreme value is high. The conventional roller cone bit is used for drilling. The footage of a single bit is small, and multiple trips are required and the ROP is low. The life of the screw is relatively high, the life of the screw is low, and the use effect is not ideal; in addition, drilling with gas drilling technology can greatly increase the ROP, but it is easy to cause complex downhole situations in the case of formation water, and there are many supporting equipment for gas drilling. The cost is relatively large.

In response to the above problems, various tools have been tried at home and abroad, and a certain speed-up effect has been achieved, among which high-frequency torsional impact tools occupy a dominant position in speed-up tools. This type of tool can add high-frequency torsional impact force to the drill bit, assist the drill bit in breaking rock, reduce the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill string, and increase the ROP. In recent years, speed-up tools of the axial impact type have also emerged. This type of tool can greatly increase the rock penetration depth of the drill bit, increase the rock-breaking efficiency, and has the characteristics of simple operation and good speed-up effect. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a compound double-acting impactor that can provide power through drilling fluid, which can provide both axial impact and circumferential impact. Extend the service life of the drill bit and increase the drilling speed.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the stick-slip phenomenon of the drill bit and the drill string during the drilling process, a turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor is proposed to overcome the defects of the existing technology and increase the drilling speed. The tool has axial impact and circumferential impact at the same time, which can effectively protect the drill bit, reduce costs, improve rock breaking efficiency and increase drilling efficiency.

The technical solution of the present invention is: the turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor is composed of a turbine assembly, an impact assembly and a conversion joint, the front end of the turbine assembly is connected to the conversion joint, and the front end of the conversion joint is connected to the impact assembly; the turbine assembly The components include turbine body, angular contact ball bearing, anti-drop ring a, limit sleeve a, turbine stator, turbine rotor, transmission key, limit sleeve b, rectangular sealing ring, turbine shaft, cylindrical roller bearing, thrust ball Bearing, anti-drop ring b, install the turbine rotor, turbine stator and limit sleeve b on the turbine shaft through the drive key in turn, install the anti-drop ring a on the upper part of the turbine shaft, and reverse the two angular contact ball bearings Installed on the upper part of the turbine body and the turbine shaft, install the limit sleeve a and the rectangular sealing ring on the turbine body in advance, then put the turbine stator into the turbine body through spline fit, and install the cylindrical roller bearing in sequence from top to bottom , the thrust ball bearing and the limit ring are installed on the front stage of the turbine shaft, and the front end of the turbine shaft is threadedly connected with the transmission shaft; the rear end of the conversion joint is connected with the turbine body, and the front end is connected with the short joint; Valve, valve cover, hammer head, hammer body barrel, impact shell, locking barrel and lower joint, the rear end of the rotary valve is fixed on the front end of the transmission shaft through threads, the valve cover is installed on the end face of the hammer body barrel, and the hammer head is installed on the Between the valve cover and the hammer barrel, the hammer barrel is installed inside the impact shell, and the lower joint is axially fixed on the impact shell through the threaded connection between the locking barrel and the hammer barrel, and the hammer barrel and the impact shell pass through The way of tooth inlay is fixed with the lower joint in the circumferential direction, and the sleeve is installed between the conversion joint and the hammer barrel; through the turbine rotor of the turbine assembly, the liquid energy is converted into rotating mechanical energy, thereby driving the rotary valve of the impact assembly to rotate, Because there are holes in the rotary valve and the bonnet, the drilling fluid periodically enters the hammer head and the hammer body barrel cavity, and the hammer head periodically hits the hammer body barrel under the push of the liquid to produce circumferential shocks, and at the same time the rotary valve and bonnet The periodic misalignment of the axial hole in the drill causes the liquid pressure to change, resulting in high-frequency axial vibration, and the axial and circumferential impact force is transmitted to the drill bit through the lower joint, which eliminates the stick-slip phenomenon and improves the rock breaking efficiency.

The turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor described in the above scheme is characterized in that two symmetrical fan-shaped holes are opened on the front surface of the rotary valve, and two symmetrical circular holes are opened on the circumferential direction of the rear cylinder. The valve rotates under the drive of the turbine assembly, and under the action of the valve cover, the liquid pressure changes periodically, resulting in axial shocks; the valve cover has four fan-shaped liquid inlet holes, including two impact inlets. The liquid hole and two reset return liquid inlet holes, the rotation of the rotary valve makes the liquid periodically enter the impact liquid inlet hole and the reset return liquid inlet hole, enter the cavity of the hammer head and the hammer body barrel through the liquid inlet hole, and use hydraulic pressure to push the hammer head Rotate at the gap of the hammer body barrel, the liquid enters from the impact liquid inlet hole, pushes the hammer head to hit the hammer body barrel in the positive direction, and the liquid enters from the reset return liquid inlet hole, pushes the hammer head to return in the opposite direction, and impacts the cross-sectional area of the liquid inlet hole The area of the liquid inlet hole is larger than that of the reset return stroke, which can realize single circumferential impact.

The hammer barrel described in the above scheme of the turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor has two evenly distributed step gaps at the impact end, and an internal thread is processed at the front end for matching with the external thread of the locking barrel.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) It solves the problem that the downhole drilling tool is easily blocked or stuck during the drilling process; (2) The turbine assembly of the tool does not generate axial pressure, the energy conversion efficiency is high, and the shaft (3) The tool has reasonable design and reliable performance. It can also generate axial vibration and shock while producing circumferential impact, so as to effectively protect the drill bit, eliminate stick-slip and sticking of the drill bit, and increase the ROP; (4) The tool has strong adaptability, not only can be used in deep vertical wells, but also can be used in directional wells and horizontal wells with screw drilling tools and directional instruments; (6) Simple operation, long service life, good speed-up effect, etc., and the use of PDC bits can effectively improve the ROP of deep wells and hard formations.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a B-B sectional view in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a C-C sectional view in Fig. 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotary valve.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the valve cover structure.

Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hammer head structure.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hammer barrel.

Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the lower joint.

In the figure 1. Turbine body, 2. Angular contact ball bearing, 3. Anti-drop ring a, 4. Limit sleeve a, 5. Turbine stator, 6. Turbine rotor, 7. Transmission key, 8. Limit sleeve b, 9. Rectangular sealing ring, 10. Turbine shaft, 11. Cylindrical roller bearing, 12. Thrust ball bearing, 13. Anti-drop ring b, 14. Conversion joint, 15. Transmission shaft, 16. Short joint, 17. Sleeve, 18. Rotary valve, 19. Bonnet, 20. Hammer head, 21. Hammer body barrel, 22. Impact shell, 23. Locking barrel, 24. Lower joint.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor is composed of a turbine assembly, an impact assembly and a conversion joint (14). The front end of the turbine assembly is connected to the conversion joint 14, and the front end of the conversion joint 14 is connected to the impact assembly; the turbine The assembly includes turbine body 1, angular contact ball bearing 2, anti-drop ring a3, limit sleeve a4, turbine stator 5, turbine rotor 6, drive key 7, limit sleeve b8, rectangular sealing ring 9, turbine shaft 10 , cylindrical roller bearing 11, thrust ball bearing 12, anti-drop ring b13, install the turbine rotor 6, turbine stator 5 and limit sleeve b8 on the turbine shaft 10 through the transmission key 7 in sequence, and install the anti-drop ring a3 on On the upper part of the turbine shaft 10, two angular contact ball bearings 2 are reversely installed on the upper part of the turbine body 1 and the turbine shaft 10, and the limit sleeve a4 and the rectangular sealing ring 9 are installed on the turbine body 1 in advance, and then through the spline Fit the turbine stator 5 into the turbine body 1, install the cylindrical roller bearing 11, the thrust ball bearing 12 and the limit ring 13 on the front stage of the turbine shaft 10 from top to bottom, and the front end of the turbine shaft 10 is threaded with the transmission shaft 15 Connection; the rear end of the conversion joint 14 is connected with the turbine body 1, and the front end is connected with the short joint 16.

The impact assembly is composed of a sleeve 17, a rotary valve 18, a valve cover 19, a hammer head 20, a hammer body barrel 21, an impact shell 22, a locking barrel 23 and a lower joint 24. The rear end of the rotary valve 18 passes through The thread is fixed on the front end of the transmission shaft 15, the valve cover 19 is installed on the end face of the hammer body barrel 21, the hammer head 24 is installed between the valve cover 21 and the hammer body barrel 21, and the hammer body barrel 21 is installed inside the impact shell 22, through The locking cylinder 23 and the hammer cylinder 21 are screwed to fix the lower joint 24 axially on the impact shell 22, and the hammer cylinder 21 and the impact shell 22 are circumferentially fixed with the lower joint (24) by means of teeth, and the sleeve The cylinder (17) is installed between the conversion joint (14) and the hammer body cylinder 21; through the turbine rotor 6 of the turbine assembly, the liquid energy is converted into rotational mechanical energy, thereby driving the rotary valve 18 of the impact assembly to rotate. Both the valve 18 and the valve cover 19 have holes, so that the drilling fluid periodically enters the cavity of the hammer head 20 and the hammer body barrel 21. Under the impetus of the liquid, the hammer head 20 periodically hits the hammer body barrel to produce circumferential shock, and at the same time, the valve 18 is rotated. Periodic misalignment with the axial hole of the valve cover 19 changes the pressure of the liquid and generates high-frequency axial vibration, and transmits the axial and circumferential impact force to the drill bit through the lower joint 21, eliminating stick-slip phenomenon and improving rock breaking efficiency .

The front disk of the rotary valve 18 has two symmetrical fan-shaped holes, and there are two symmetrical round holes in the circumferential direction of the rear cylinder. The rotary valve 18 rotates under the drive of the turbine assembly, and under the action of the valve cover 19 The pressure of the liquid changes periodically to generate axial vibration shock; the valve cover 19 has four fan-shaped liquid inlet holes, including two impact liquid inlet holes and two return liquid inlet holes, and the rotary valve 18 rotates The liquid periodically enters the impact liquid inlet hole and the reset return liquid inlet hole, enters the cavity of the hammer head 20 and the hammer body barrel 21 through the liquid inlet hole, and uses hydraulic pressure to push the hammer head 20 to rotate at the gap of the hammer body barrel 21, and the liquid flows from The impact liquid inlet hole enters and pushes the hammer head 20 to strike the hammer body barrel 21 in the positive direction, and the liquid enters from the reset return liquid inlet hole and pushes the hammer head 20 to return in the opposite direction. The cross-sectional area of the impact liquid inlet hole is larger than that of the reset return liquid inlet hole. Large area, can realize single circumferential impact.

The hammer barrel 21 has two evenly distributed stepped notches at the impact end, and an internal thread is processed at the front end for matching with the external thread of the locking barrel 23 .

Claims (4)

1. Turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor, characterized in that: the turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor is composed of a turbine assembly, an impact assembly and an adapter (14), and the front end of the turbine assembly is connected to an adapter ( 14), the front end of the conversion joint (14) is connected to the impact assembly; the turbine assembly includes the turbine body (1), angular contact ball bearings (2), anti-drop ring a (3), limit sleeve a (4 ), turbine stator (5), turbine rotor (6), transmission key (7), limit sleeve b (8), rectangular sealing ring (9), turbine shaft (10), cylindrical roller bearing (11), Thrust ball bearing (12), anti-drop ring b (13), install the turbine rotor (6), turbine stator (5) and limit sleeve b (8) on the turbine shaft (10) through the drive key (7) in sequence , install the anti-drop ring a (3) on the upper part of the turbine shaft (10), and install the two angular contact ball bearings (2) on the upper part of the turbine body (1) and the turbine shaft (10) in reverse, Install the bit sleeve a (4) and the rectangular sealing ring (9) on the turbine body (1), then put the turbine stator (5) into the turbine body (1) through spline fit, and place the cylinder in turn from top to bottom Roller bearings (11), thrust ball bearings (12) and limit rings (13) are installed on the front stage of the turbine shaft (10), and the front end of the turbine shaft (10) is threadedly connected to the transmission shaft (15); the conversion joint (14) The rear end is connected to the turbine body (1), and the front end is connected to the short joint (16); the impact assembly includes a sleeve (17), a rotary valve (18), a valve cover (19), a hammer head (20), The hammer barrel (21), the impact shell (22), the locking barrel (23) and the lower joint (24), the rear end of the rotary valve (18) is fixed on the front end of the transmission shaft (15) by threads, and the valve cover (19 ) is installed on the end face of the hammer barrel (21), the hammer head (24) is installed between the valve cover (21) and the hammer barrel (21), and the hammer barrel (21) is installed inside the impact shell (22) , the lower joint (24) is axially fixed on the impact shell (22) through the threaded connection of the locking barrel (23) and the hammer barrel (21), and the hammer barrel (21) and the impact shell (22) pass through the teeth The embedded method is fixed circumferentially with the lower joint (24), and the sleeve (17) is installed between the conversion joint (14) and the hammer barrel (21); the liquid energy is converted into The mechanical energy of the rotation drives the rotary valve (18) of the impact assembly to rotate. Since there are holes in the rotary valve (18) and the valve cover (19), the drilling fluid periodically enters the hammer head (20) and the hammer body barrel (21) In the cavity, the hammer head (20) periodically strikes the hammer body barrel under the promotion of the liquid to produce circumferential shocks, and at the same time, the axial holes of the rotary valve (18) and the valve cover (19) are periodically misaligned to make the liquid pressure change. High-frequency axial vibration is generated, and the axial and circumferential impact force is transmitted to the drill bit through the lower joint (21), so as to eliminate the stick-slip phenomenon and improve the rock-breaking efficiency. 2. The turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that two symmetrical fan-shaped holes are opened on the front surface of the rotary valve (18), and two symmetrical fan-shaped holes are opened on the circumferential direction of the rear end of the cylinder. Symmetrical round holes, the rotary valve (18) rotates under the drive of the turbine assembly, and under the action of the valve cover (19), the liquid pressure changes periodically, resulting in axial vibration shock. 3. The turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the valve cover (19) has four fan-shaped liquid inlet holes, including two impact liquid inlet holes and two The reset return liquid inlet hole, the rotary valve (18) rotates to make the liquid periodically enter the impact liquid inlet hole and the reset return liquid inlet hole, and enter the cavity of the hammer head (20) and the hammer body barrel (21) through the liquid inlet hole. The hammer head (20) is hydraulically driven to rotate at the gap of the hammer body barrel (21), and the liquid enters from the impact liquid inlet hole to push the hammer head (20) to hit the hammer body barrel (21) in the positive direction around the circumference, and the liquid enters the push through the reset return liquid inlet hole The hammer head (20) returns in the opposite direction in the circumferential direction, and the cross-sectional area of the impact liquid inlet hole is larger than the area of the reset return liquid inlet hole, which can realize single circumferential impact. 4. The turbine-type two-way high-frequency composite impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hammer barrel (21) has two evenly distributed step gaps at the impact end, and an internal thread is processed at the front end , used to cooperate with the external thread of the locking cylinder (23).