CN112620655B - Laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control additive manufacturing system - Google Patents

Laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control additive manufacturing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112620655B
CN112620655B CN202011524040.8A CN202011524040A CN112620655B CN 112620655 B CN112620655 B CN 112620655B CN 202011524040 A CN202011524040 A CN 202011524040A CN 112620655 B CN112620655 B CN 112620655B
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powder
laser
forming
beam splitter
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CN112620655A (en
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王辉
黄卫东
叶盛
洪浩
郑建喜
张庆永
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Fujian University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02—Constructional details
    • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
    • G01J5/0803—Arrangements for time-dependent attenuation of radiation signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/02—Constructional details
    • G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
    • G01J5/0806—Focusing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or concave mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/59—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using polarisation; Details thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
    • G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
    • G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control additive manufacturing system which comprises a laser forming system, a LIBS system, a bicolor pyrometer system and a control system. The laser forming system, the LIBS system and the bicolor pyrometer system form a system by connecting the first beam splitter, the second beam splitter and the third beam splitter in series, wherein the laser coaxial melting and the detection feedback control are simultaneously carried out. The invention utilizes the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) device and the bicolor pyrometer to detect the mixing proportion of local metal powder and the temperature of a molten pool in the additive manufacturing process of the functional gradient material in real time on line, and carries out feedback control on laser power according to the mixing proportion of the local metal powder and the temperature of the molten pool, thereby realizing real-time adjustment of forming parameters in the forming process of the functional gradient material and improving the forming quality of the functional gradient material.

Description

Laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control additive manufacturing system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and relates to an additive manufacturing system for laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control.
Background
The laser additive manufacturing technology is a novel manufacturing method for realizing the rapid forming and manufacturing of three-dimensional parts by layering a three-dimensional model of the parts, planning a forming path according to layering conditions, finally melting materials through laser and realizing the forming mode of forming the parts in a mode of accumulating from bottom to top. The aim of manufacturing the three-dimensional part by stacking and welding metal material powder layer by layer can be fulfilled by laser additive manufacturing.
The functional gradient material is a novel composite material in which two or more materials are compounded and the components and the structure change continuously in gradient, in short, the components of the material continuously change from one side to the other side along the thickness direction, so that the property and the function of the material also continuously change. Laser additive manufacturing techniques may be used to manufacture functionally graded materials, wherein the use of mixed powders of metallic materials to manufacture functionally graded materials is one of the important applications in the field of laser additive manufacturing.
In the laser additive manufacturing process, in order to control the forming quality, the temperature of the molten pool of forming material should be controlled within a reasonable range. During the forming process, the severe change of the temperature of the molten pool may cause unpredictable cracks, bubbles and other defects to occur in the formed part. For forming of functionally graded materials, the metal powder mixing ratio in different gradient regions is different, i.e. the requirements of different forming temperatures are met, so that the feedback control of forming laser power is more needed by real-time on-line monitoring of the metal powder mixing ratio and forming temperature. Furthermore, by real-time on-line monitoring of the metal powder mixing proportion and the forming temperature, real-time optimization of important forming parameters such as laser power, scanning interval, scanning speed, substrate powder thickness and the like can be realized.
The Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technology is a material composition detection technology, which uses high-energy laser pulses to focus on the surface of a sample, when the high-energy laser is focused on the surface of the material and reaches an optical breakdown threshold, a part of the material where the sample is focused is converted into a plasma state, then a signal acquisition instrument is used for collecting a spectrum from plasma, and the collected spectrum information is analyzed by the spectrometer, so that the composition and the composition ratio of the tested sample can be accurately determined. The two-colour radiation pyrometer is also called colorimetric pyrometer, and uses the wavelength of two different wave bands emitted by the same object, and its spectral radiation brightness is undergone the process of photoelectric conversion, and the ratio of two output signals and single-value relationship of temperature can be used for determining the temperature of the object. It belongs to a non-contact temperature measurement, and the theory is derived from the Planckian theorem of blackbody radiation energy distribution. The dual-color radiation pyrometer has small interference on temperature caused by smoke dust, impurities, shielding gas and the like between the probe and the detection object, and can accurately detect the temperature of a high-temperature molten pool of the material in the laser additive manufacturing process. The real-time monitoring and feedback control of the laser additive manufacturing process of the functional gradient material can be realized by utilizing the temperature monitoring of the bicolor radiation pyrometer and the component detection of the LIBS device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an additive manufacturing system for realizing the laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control of a functional gradient material, and the device shares a set of optical system and has the advantages of small volume, compact structure, capability of carrying out real-time detection feedback control on the forming and manufacturing process of the functional gradient material, and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The additive manufacturing system for the functionally graded material laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control comprises a forming chamber, wherein an optical fiber laser is arranged in the forming chamber, and the optical fiber laser generates a forming laser beam; the forming laser beam sequentially passes through a beam isolator, a beam expander, a first beam splitter, a scanning galvanometer and an F-theta lens, and is focused on the surface of mixed powder in a forming cylinder at the bottom of a forming chamber, so that the mixed powder is melted; after the shaping laser beam leaves the powder surface, the melted powder solidifies to form a shaped piece;
The bottom of the forming chamber is provided with a powder spreading roller which uniformly spreads the powder to be treated on the upper surface of the existing powder of the forming cylinder, and the redundant powder enters the forming cylinder of the powder recovery cylinder under the action of the powder spreading roller, and the bottom of the forming cylinder is provided with a first lifting table and a second lifting table;
The additive manufacturing system comprises an LIBS laser, wherein the LIBS laser generates LIBS pulse laser, and plasma is formed on the forming surface of powder to be processed after the LIBS pulse laser is reflected by a second beam splitter, transmitted by a first beam splitter, reflected by a scanning galvanometer and converged by an F-theta mirror;
the additive manufacturing system further comprises a spectrometer and a bicolor pyrometer;
shaping the laser beam to enable the powder to be processed to be melted, and then emitting a composite spectrum; the composite spectrum is received by a bicolor pyrometer after passing through an F-theta lens, a scanning galvanometer, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter and a second lens group;
the plasma radiates a plasma composite spectrum, and the plasma composite spectrum is received by a spectrometer after passing through an F-theta lens, a scanning galvanometer, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter and a first lens group;
The optical fiber laser, the LIBS laser, the spectrometer and the bicolor pyrometer are all connected with a computer, after the powder to be treated is melted by forming laser beams, the computer controls the bicolor high Wen Jishou to collect the composite spectrum emitted by the powder to be treated after melting, after the bicolor pyrometer collects the spectrum information of the composite spectrum, the computer controls the LIBS laser to generate LIBS pulse laser, and after waiting for a certain time delay, the computer control system controls the spectrometer to collect plasma to radiate the plasma composite spectrum;
The computer feeds back and adjusts the laser power of the forming laser beam generated by the fiber laser according to the temperature information of the melted powder to be processed collected by the bicolor pyrometer and the component information of the powder to be processed collected by the spectrometer;
the forming chamber is also internally provided with a powder mixing system for generating powder, the powder mixing system comprises at least 2 powder storage tanks, the bottom of each powder storage tank is provided with a powder outlet, and the powder outlet is provided with a valve controlled by a computer; the powder of each powder outlet falls into the powder premixing device; the powder mixing device mixes the different material powders into functionally graded material powders and falls onto the bottom surface of the forming chamber.
Further, the first lens group at least comprises a lens with positive diopter; the second lens group at least comprises a lens with positive diopter. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention provides an additive manufacturing system for realizing coaxial laser melting and detection feedback control of a functionally graded material, which comprises the following steps: the laser melting forming system, the LIBS (laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) system and the bicolor pyrometer system share one set of optical system, belong to coaxial light paths, can perform in-situ comprehensive acquisition on component information and temperature information of laser melting points, and have compact system structure.
(2) The bicolor pyrometer detects temperature by utilizing the ratio of spectral radiation energy of the object under two wavelengths, can compensate measurement errors caused by protective atmosphere and local smoke in an additive manufacturing cavity, and effectively reduces the measurement errors of the temperature of a molten pool caused by the protective atmosphere and the local smoke.
(3) The device is mainly used for the forming and manufacturing process of the functional gradient material, monitors the powder proportion and the molten pool temperature of the functional gradient material in the forming process in real time, and regulates and controls the forming laser power and other forming parameters according to the powder proportion so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the defects of cracks, bubbles and the like of a formed part.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the laser device comprises a forming chamber, a protection gas chamber, a 3 fiber laser, a 3a first optical fiber, a 4 forming laser beam, a 5 beam isolator, a 6 beam expander, a 7 first beam splitter, a 8 scanning vibrating mirror, a 9.F-theta mirror, 10 powder to be processed, 11 a forming part, 12a LIBS laser, 12a second optical fiber, 13 LIBS pulse laser, 14 a second beam splitter, 15 a plasma composite spectrum, 16 a third beam splitter, 17 a first lens group, 18a spectrometer, 18a third optical fiber, 19 a composite spectrum, 20 a second lens group, 21a dual-color pyrometer, 21a fourth optical fiber, 22 a computer control system, 23 a first powder storage tank, 24 a second powder storage tank, 25 a powder mixing device, 26 a laying roller, 27 a functionally gradient material powder, 28 a forming cylinder, 29 a first lifting table, 30 a powder recovery cylinder, 31 a second lifting table.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the additive manufacturing system for realizing the laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control of the functionally graded material comprises a laser forming system, a LIBS system, a bicolor pyrometer system and a control system.
The device can use 1064nm laser as LIBS laser source.
The working flow of the invention is as follows:
The first powder storage tank 23 and the second powder storage tank 24 store different material powders respectively, and after the different material powders fall into the powder mixing device 25, the powder mixing device 25 mixes the different material powders into functionally graded material powder 27 and falls onto the bottom surface of the forming chamber 1. The powder spreading roller 26 uniformly spreads the functionally graded material powder 27 on the upper surface of the existing powder to be processed 10 of the forming cylinder 28, and the surplus powder to be processed 10 enters the powder recovery cylinder 30 under the action of the powder spreading roller 26. The computer control system 22 controls the fiber laser 3 to generate a shaped laser beam 4, and the shaped laser beam 4 is focused on the surface of the powder 10 to be processed through the beam isolator 5, the beam expander 6, the first beam splitter 7, the scanning galvanometer 8 and the F-theta mirror 9, so that the powder 10 to be processed is melted. After the shaping laser beam 4 leaves the surface of the powder to be treated 10, the powder to be treated 10 that has been melted solidifies to form the shaped piece 11. The beam isolator 5 is used for blocking reflected laser, and the beam expander 6 is used for expanding the beam and improving the collimation characteristic of the beam. The first beam splitter 7 and the scanning galvanometer 8 are used to change the path of the shaped laser beam 4. The F-theta mirror 9 is used to form the shaped laser beam 4 into a focused spot of uniform size on the shaped surface of the powder 10 to be treated.
After the shaping laser beam 4 melts the powder 10 to be processed, the melted material will emit a composite spectrum 19. After the composite spectrum 19 is diffused by the F-theta mirror 9, reflected by the scanning galvanometer 8, transmitted by the first beam splitter 7, transmitted by the second beam splitter 14, transmitted by the third beam splitter 16 and converged by the second lens group 20, the computer control system 22 controls the bicolor pyrometer 21 to receive the composite spectrum 19, and further measures the temperature of the melted powder 10 to be processed.
After the bicolor pyrometer 21 collects the spectrum information of the composite spectrum 19, the computer control system 22 controls the LIBS laser 12 to generate LIBS pulse laser 13, the LIBS pulse laser 13 is reflected by the second beam splitter 14, transmitted by the first beam splitter 7, reflected by the scanning vibrating mirror 8 and converged by the F-theta mirror 9, and then plasma is formed on the forming surface of the powder 10 to be processed, and the plasma radiates the plasma composite spectrum 15. The plasma composite spectrum 15 is received by the spectrometer 18 after being diffused by the F-theta mirror 9, reflected by the scanning galvanometer 8, transmitted by the first beam splitter 7, transmitted by the second beam splitter 14, reflected by the third beam splitter 16 and converged by the first lens group 17, and after a certain time delay, the computer control system 22 controls the spectrometer 18 to collect the plasma radiation plasma composite spectrum 15. The dual-color pyrometer 21 collects the composite spectrum 19 earlier than the spectrometer 18 collects the plasma radiation plasma composite spectrum 15, which effectively avoids the effect of the high temperature of the plasma caused by the LIBS pulsed laser 13 on the actual temperature measurement of the melted powder 10 to be treated.
After the computer control system 22 performs feedback adjustment on the laser power of the forming laser beam 4 generated by the fiber laser 3 according to the temperature information of the melted powder 10 to be processed collected by the bicolor pyrometer 21 and the component information of the powder 10 to be processed collected by the spectrometer 18, so as to realize that the functionally graded material powder with different material ratios corresponds to different laser powers, thereby improving the forming quality of the functionally graded material.
When the melt forming of the layer of the powder to be processed 10 is completed, the first elevating platform 29 descends the height of the layer, the powder laying roller 26 resumes the powder laying, and a new printing operation of the layer is started. The second elevating table 31 is lowered to adjust the height of the stored powder in the powder recovery cylinder 30 so that the powder height is not higher than the bottom surface of the forming chamber 1.
In the present invention, the first lens group 17 includes at least one lens having a positive refractive power, and the second lens group 20 includes at least one lens having a positive refractive power.
The laser forming system, the LIBS system and the bicolor pyrometer system form a system which performs laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control simultaneously by connecting the first beam splitter 7, the second beam splitter 14 and the third beam splitter 16 in series.
The number of the first powder storage tanks 23 or the second powder storage tanks 24 is not limited, and the number of the powder storage tanks may be increased according to the increase of the kinds of powder materials.
The protective gas chamber 2 is connected with the forming chamber 1, and the protective gas chamber 2 provides protective gas to prevent powder oxidation and protect the detection process and the forming process of the powder.
The foregoing detailed description is provided to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the invention, and any modifications and changes made to the present invention within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The additive manufacturing system for laser coaxial melting and detection feedback control comprises a forming chamber, and is characterized in that an optical fiber laser is arranged in the forming chamber, and the optical fiber laser generates a forming laser beam; the forming laser beam sequentially passes through a beam isolator, a beam expander, a first beam splitter, a scanning galvanometer and an F-theta lens, and is focused on the surface of mixed powder in a forming cylinder at the bottom of a forming chamber, so that the mixed powder is melted; after the shaping laser beam leaves the powder surface, the melted powder solidifies to form a shaped piece;
The bottom of the forming chamber is provided with a powder spreading roller which uniformly spreads the powder to be treated on the upper surface of the existing powder of the forming cylinder, the redundant powder enters the powder recovery cylinder under the action of the powder spreading roller, the bottom of the forming cylinder is provided with a first lifting table, and the bottom of the powder recovery cylinder is provided with a second lifting table;
The additive manufacturing system comprises an LIBS laser, wherein the LIBS laser generates LIBS pulse laser, and plasma is formed on the forming surface of powder to be processed after the LIBS pulse laser is reflected by a second beam splitter, transmitted by a first beam splitter, reflected by a scanning galvanometer and converged by an F-theta mirror;
the additive manufacturing system further comprises a spectrometer and a bicolor pyrometer;
shaping the laser beam to enable the powder to be processed to be melted, and then emitting a composite spectrum; the composite spectrum is received by a bicolor pyrometer after passing through an F-theta lens, a scanning galvanometer, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter and a second lens group;
the plasma radiates a plasma composite spectrum, and the plasma composite spectrum is received by a spectrometer after passing through an F-theta lens, a scanning galvanometer, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter and a first lens group;
The optical fiber laser, the LIBS laser, the spectrometer and the bicolor pyrometer are all connected with a computer, after the powder to be treated is melted by forming laser beams, the computer controls the bicolor high Wen Jishou to collect the composite spectrum emitted by the powder to be treated after melting, after the bicolor pyrometer collects the spectrum information of the composite spectrum, the computer controls the LIBS laser to generate LIBS pulse laser, and after waiting for a certain time delay, the computer control system controls the spectrometer to collect plasma to radiate the plasma composite spectrum;
The computer feeds back and adjusts the laser power of the forming laser beam generated by the fiber laser according to the temperature information of the melted powder to be processed collected by the bicolor pyrometer and the component information of the powder to be processed collected by the spectrometer;
the forming chamber is also internally provided with a powder mixing system for generating powder, the powder mixing system comprises at least 2 powder storage tanks, the bottom of each powder storage tank is provided with a powder outlet, and the powder outlet is provided with a valve controlled by a computer; the powder of each powder outlet falls into the powder premixing device; the powder mixing device mixes the different material powders into functionally graded material powders and falls onto the bottom surface of the forming chamber.
2. The laser in-line melting and detection feedback controlled additive manufacturing system of claim 1 wherein: the first lens group at least comprises a lens with positive diopter; the second lens group at least comprises a lens with positive diopter.
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CN113588091A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-02 沈阳理工大学 System and method for measuring temperature of metal molten pool in laser selected area in real time by utilizing hyperspectrum
CN113566958B (en) * 2021-08-16 2024-06-11 上海汉邦联航激光科技有限公司 Multi-signal multi-band monitoring system and method based on selective laser melting technology
CN115773986A (en) * 2022-12-05 2023-03-10 东北大学 Device and method for detecting components through laser-induced spectroscopy for metal additive manufacturing

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GB201316815D0 (en) * 2013-09-23 2013-11-06 Renishaw Plc Additive manufacturing apparatus and method
US9925715B2 (en) * 2014-06-30 2018-03-27 General Electric Company Systems and methods for monitoring a melt pool using a dedicated scanning device
CN106984813B (en) * 2017-04-14 2019-08-20 华南理工大学 A kind of melt-processed process coaxial monitoring method and device in selective laser
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