CN112616578A - Ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland Download PDFInfo
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- CN112616578A CN112616578A CN202110059902.2A CN202110059902A CN112616578A CN 112616578 A CN112616578 A CN 112616578A CN 202110059902 A CN202110059902 A CN 202110059902A CN 112616578 A CN112616578 A CN 112616578A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 54
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000003261 Artemisia vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000003826 Artemisia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016164 Elymus triticoides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000511731 Leymus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000030166 artemisia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009052 artemisia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000257468 Asterias amurensis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001562519 Cynodon plectostachyus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000511730 Leymus chinensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000009051 Ambrosia paniculata var. peruviana Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000003097 Artemisia absinthium Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000001851 Artemisia dracunculus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000017731 Artemisia dracunculus ssp. dracunculus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001138 artemisia absinthium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000589180 Rhizobium Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007641 Spergula rubra Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2105/00—Erosion prevention
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for deteriorated grasslands, and relates to the field of deteriorated grassland restoration. The method comprises the following steps: enclosing and loosening soil; sowing grass seeds in a mixed manner; sowing the seeds in a harrowing manner; fourthly, sealing and breeding the grassland. The method has the advantages that grass seeds are sowed in a mixed mode after soil is improved to form a gridding area, wind and sand are prevented, and soil erosion caused by surface runoff is prevented; effectively promote the restoration of deteriorated grassland.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of deteriorated grassland restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for deteriorated grasslands.
Background
Grassland is a land which mainly grows herbaceous and shrub plants and is suitable for the development of animal husbandry production, has a special ecosystem, is a renewable natural resource and is the most basic production data and base for the development of grassland animal husbandry. Under unreasonable utilization, the process of reverse succession and productivity reduction of the grassland ecosystem is called grassland deterioration and is also called grassland deterioration. The main manifestations are the height, coverage, yield and quality reduction of grassland vegetation, the deterioration of soil habitat, and the decline of production capacity and ecological function. The deterioration of the grass over a long period of time and in a wide range causes not only a decrease in the productivity of the grass itself but also a deterioration in the ecological environment and a threat to the survival and development of humans.
Grass deterioration includes grass deterioration, desertification and salinization. The reason for the deterioration of the grassland is mainly caused by that the grassland is not laid out for a long time because the human continuously takes away a large amount of substances and energy from the grassland, and the basic principle of ecological balance is violated; excessive grazing, improper reclamation, medicinal material digging, firewood chopping, grass cutting, grass raking, hair weeds raking and the like destroy grassland vegetation, and aggravate wind erosion, water erosion, desertification, salinization and soil impoverishment; in residential sites, herd sites, drinking water sites or both sides of rivers and roads, due to the lack of protection and management measures, various inappropriate factors strongly influence, the grassland degenerates in concentric circles or in parallel with rivers and roads, and gradually expands outwards, and the degeneracy is more serious the closer to a base point, a road and a water source; the grassland is unclear in ownership and free and unlimited in use, so that excessive grazing is caused. Grassland deterioration is a dynamic process, which is gradual and staged, and is divided into the following steps according to the deterioration degree: mild, moderate and severe degeneration.
The restoration of degraded grassland is a huge and complex system engineering, which not only relates to the practical technologies of grassland science, crop pasture cultivation science, soil science, ecology and the like, but also requires strong scientific theories as guidance, such as the theories of restoring ecology, grassland resource science and grass production system, in particular to a new emerging science which is developed in the 80 th generation of the 20 th century and is a reason for researching the degradation of the ecosystem, a technology and a method for restoring and reconstructing the degraded ecosystem, and a science of the ecological process and mechanism. The primary condition for restoration of deteriorated grass is to exclude the use of excess stress on the grass, reducing it to the threshold of restoration of the grass ecosystem. This means that grass deterioration is reversible, and in general, deteriorated grass has the potential to recover when excess stress is removed, but some recovery processes are very lengthy. Confinement and grazing are the most economical technical methods for restoration of deteriorated grasslands, but the repair time is relatively long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological restoration method for deteriorated grasslands, which can effectively utilize local livestock excrement and hay resources and accelerate the ecological restoration of the deteriorated natural grasslands.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the ecological restoration method of the deteriorated grassland comprises the following steps:
first enclosure scarification soil
In the degraded grassland in northwest arid regions, a wire netting is adopted to enclose the grassland to be repaired before winter, a ditch with the row spacing of 30-50cm and the depth of 5-10cm is opened after thawing the next year, and a slightly acidic soil conditioner is scattered in the ditch to form a soil improvement layer;
seed of grass is sowed in a mixing manner
Mixing the artemisia oil seeds, the leymus chinensis seeds, the decomposed horse dung and the hay powder, spreading the mixture on a soil improvement layer to fill and level up a ditch to form a seeding layer, mixing surface soil on two sides of the ditch with a sand-fixing water-retaining agent, and pressing the seeding layer to form a low ridge;
sowing in harrowing mode
Harrowing and harrowing the grassland among the low ridges, and then sowing the mixture of the asterias amurensis Lutken, the wild cattle grass, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess and then compacting;
fourth seal grass bed
After the emergence of grass seeds, water and fertilizer are integrally sprayed, inorganic biological bacterial fertilizer is sprayed, and the seeds are sealed and protected for 2-3 years.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the invention, the acid-bias soil conditioner is 70-80 parts of weathered coal, 2-3 parts of polyacrylic acid, 3-5 parts of potassium humate, 3-7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-2 parts of rhizobium and 20-30 parts of vinegar residue by weight, and the application amount of the acid-bias soil conditioner is 10-30 kg per mu.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the artemisia oil seeds and the leymus chinensis seeds are mixed according to a weight ratio of 2:1-3 to form mixed grass seeds a, the decomposed horse dung and the hay powder are mixed according to a weight ratio of 4:1 to form organic fertilizer a, and the mixed grass seeds a and the organic fertilizer a are mixed according to a weight ratio of 3-5:1000 and then applied.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the starwort and the wild cattle grass are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:1-2 to form a mixed grass seed b, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess are mixed in a weight ratio of 5-10:1 to form an organic fertilizer b, and the mixed grass seed b and the organic fertilizer b are mixed in a weight ratio of 2-4:1000 and then applied in an amount of 2-3 tons per mu.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the organic compound fertilizer is 33-55 parts by weight of decomposed sheep manure, 25-47 parts by weight of decomposed cow manure, 3.5-7 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate and 5-12 parts by weight of calcium superphosphate.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the invention, the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is composed of, by weight, 70-80 parts of acrylamide, 5-9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-3 parts of blue algae crust, 2-5 parts of sodium alginate, 1-3 parts of acidic lignin, 1.5-3 parts of ferric sulfate and 10-30 parts of starch, and the application amount of the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 2.5-4 kilograms per mu.
Further, in some preferred embodiments of the invention, the spray irrigation uses 2.5-5 parts of urea, 7-12.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.7 part of boric acid, 0.1-0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.5-3 parts of bacillus subtilis liquid, 0.5-2 parts of bacillus licheniformis liquid and 5000 parts of water.
Based on the above explanation, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the grass seeds are sowed in a mixed mode after the soil is improved to form a gridding area, wind and sand are prevented, and water and soil loss caused by surface runoff is prevented; effectively promote the restoration of deteriorated grassland.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland, which is suitable for semiarid and mild deteriorated grassland in northwest China, wherein a grassland needing to be restored is enclosed by a wire netting before winter, a ditch with the row spacing of 50cm and the depth of 5cm is opened after the next year of thawing, and a slightly acidic soil conditioner is scattered into the ditch to form a soil improvement layer; the acidic soil conditioner is 80 kg of weathered coal, 2 kg of polyacrylic acid, 3 kg of potassium humate, 3 kg of calcium superphosphate, 1 kg of rhizobia and 20 kg of vinegar residues, and the application amount of the acidic soil conditioner is 10 kg per mu; mixing oil wormwood seeds, Chinese wildrye seeds, decomposed horse dung and hay powder, spreading the mixture on a soil improvement layer to fill and level up a ditch to form a seeding layer, mixing surface soil on two sides of the ditch with a sand-fixing water-retaining agent, and pressing the seeding layer to form a low ridge of 5 cm; the artemisia oil seeds and the Chinese wildrye seeds are mixed into mixed grass seeds a according to the weight ratio of 1:1, the decomposed horse dung and the hay powder are mixed into organic fertilizer a according to the weight ratio of 4:1, and the mixed grass seeds a and the organic fertilizer a are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1000 and then applied; harrowing and harrowing the grassland among the low ridges, and then sowing the mixture of the asterias amurensis Lutken, the wild cattle grass, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess and then compacting; the star grass and the wild cattle grass are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1 to form mixed grass seeds b, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10:1 to form an organic fertilizer b, and the mixed grass seeds b and the organic fertilizer b are mixed according to the weight ratio of 4:1000 and then applied according to 2 tons per mu; the organic compound fertilizer comprises 33 kg of decomposed sheep manure, 25 kg of decomposed cattle manure, 7 kg of ammonium sulfate and 12 kg of calcium superphosphate; the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 70 kg of acrylamide, 5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 kg of blue algae crust, 2 kg of sodium alginate, 1 kg of acidic lignin, 3 kg of ferric sulfate and 30 kg of starch, and the application amount of the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 2.5 kg per mu; carrying out water and fertilizer integrated sprinkling irrigation after the emergence of grass seeds, fertilizing and spraying inorganic biological bacterial fertilizer, sealing and protecting the cultivation tube for 2-3 years, wherein 2.5 kg of urea, 7 kg of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 kg of boric acid, 0.1 kg of manganese sulfate, 0.5 kg of bacillus subtilis liquid, 0.5 kg of bacillus licheniformis liquid and 5000 kg of water are adopted in the sprinkling irrigation; sprinkling irrigation for 2-3 times in seedling stage, and gradually reducing irrigation times.
Example 2
The ecological restoration method for the deteriorated grassland is suitable for moderate deteriorated sandy grassland in northwest arid regions, a grassland needing to be restored is enclosed by a wire netting before winter, a ditch with the row spacing of 40cm and the depth of 10cm is opened after the next year of thawing, and a slightly acidic soil conditioner is scattered in the ditch to form a soil improvement layer; the acidic soil conditioner is 75 kilograms of weathered coal, 2.5 kilograms of polyacrylic acid, 4 kilograms of potassium humate, 5 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 1.5 kilograms of rhizobia and 25 kilograms of vinegar residue, and the application amount of the acidic soil conditioner is 20 kilograms per mu; mixing oil wormwood seeds, Chinese wildrye seeds, decomposed horse dung and hay powder, spreading the mixture on a soil improvement layer to fill and level up a ditch to form a seeding layer, mixing surface soil on two sides of the ditch with a sand-fixing water-retaining agent, and pressing the seeding layer to form a low ridge of 10 cm; the artemisia oil seeds and the Chinese wildrye seeds are mixed into mixed grass seeds a according to the weight ratio of 2:3, the decomposed horse dung and the hay powder are mixed into organic fertilizer a according to the weight ratio of 4:1, and the mixed grass seeds a and the organic fertilizer a are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5:1000 and then applied; harrowing and harrowing the grassland among the low ridges, and then sowing the mixture of the asterias amurensis Lutken, the wild cattle grass, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess and then compacting; the star grass and the wild cattle grass are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:2 to form mixed grass seeds b, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess are mixed according to the weight ratio of 7.5:1 to form an organic fertilizer b, and the mixed grass seeds b and the organic fertilizer b are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1000 and then applied according to 2.5 tons per mu; the organic compound fertilizer comprises 40 kg of decomposed sheep manure, 35 kg of decomposed cattle manure, 5 kg of ammonium sulfate and 8 kg of calcium superphosphate; carrying out water and fertilizer integrated sprinkling irrigation after the emergence of grass seeds, carrying out additional fertilization and spraying of inorganic biological bacterial fertilizer, and sealing and protecting the cultivation tube for 2-3 years; the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 80 kg of acrylamide, 9 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 kg of blue algae crust, 5 kg of sodium alginate, 1 kg of acidic lignin, 1.5 kg of ferric sulfate and 20 kg of starch, and the application amount of the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 4 kg per mu; 5 kilograms of urea, 12.5 kilograms of monopotassium phosphate, 0.7 kilogram of boric acid, 3 kilograms of manganese sulfate, 2 kilograms of bacillus subtilis liquid, 1 kilogram of bacillus licheniformis liquid and 5000 kilograms of water are adopted for the spray irrigation, the spray irrigation is carried out for 2-3 times in the emergence period, and then the irrigation times are gradually reduced.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an ecological restoration method for deteriorated grassland, which is suitable for moderately deteriorated saline grassland in the semi-arid region in the northwest, wherein the deteriorated grassland in the semi-arid region in the northwest is surrounded by a wire netting before winter, a ditch with the depth of 10cm is formed according to the row spacing of 30cm after the deteriorated grassland is thawed in the next year, and a subacid soil conditioner is scattered into the ditch to form a soil improvement layer; the acid soil conditioner comprises 80 kg of weathered coal, 2 kg of polyacrylic acid, 5 kg of potassium humate, 7 kg of calcium superphosphate, 2 kg of rhizobium and 30 kg of vinegar residue in parts by weight, and the application amount of the acid soil conditioner is 30 kg per mu; mixing oil wormwood seeds, Chinese wildrye seeds, decomposed horse dung and hay powder, spreading the mixture on a soil improvement layer to fill and level up a ditch to form a seeding layer, mixing surface soil on two sides of the ditch with a sand-fixing water-retaining agent, and pressing the seeding layer to form a 4cm low ridge; the artemisia oil seeds and the Chinese wildrye seeds are mixed into mixed grass seeds a according to the weight ratio of 2:3, the decomposed horse dung and the hay powder are mixed into organic fertilizer a according to the weight ratio of 4:1, and the mixed grass seeds a and the organic fertilizer a are mixed according to the weight ratio of 4:1000 and then applied; the star grass and the wild cattle grass are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:2 to form mixed grass seeds b, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5:1 to form an organic fertilizer b, and the mixed grass seeds b and the organic fertilizer b are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1000 and then applied according to 2-3 tons per mu; the organic compound fertilizer comprises 33 kg of decomposed sheep manure, 25 kg of decomposed cattle manure, 7 kg of ammonium sulfate and 12 kg of calcium superphosphate; harrowing and harrowing the grassland among the low ridges, and then sowing the mixture of the asterias amurensis Lutken, the wild cattle grass, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess and then compacting; the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 75 kilograms of acrylamide, 9 kilograms of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 kilograms of blue algae crusts, 5 kilograms of sodium alginate, 3 kilograms of acidic lignin, 3 kilograms of ferric sulfate and 20 kilograms of starch in parts by weight, and the application amount of the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 4 kilograms per mu; carrying out water and fertilizer integrated sprinkling irrigation after the emergence of grass seeds, carrying out additional fertilization and spraying of inorganic biological bacterial fertilizer, and sealing and protecting the cultivation tube for 2-3 years; 2.5 kg of urea, 10 kg of monopotassium phosphate, 0.7 kg of boric acid, 0.3 kg of manganese sulfate, 3 kg of bacillus subtilis liquid, 2 kg of bacillus licheniformis liquid and 5000 parts of water are adopted in the spray irrigation.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The deteriorated grassland ecological restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
first enclosure scarification soil
In the degraded grassland in northwest arid regions, a wire netting is adopted to enclose the grassland to be repaired before winter, a ditch with the row spacing of 30-50cm and the depth of 5-10cm is opened after thawing the next year, and a slightly acidic soil conditioner is scattered in the ditch to form a soil improvement layer;
seed of grass is sowed in a mixing manner
Mixing the artemisia oil seeds, the leymus chinensis seeds, the decomposed horse dung and the hay powder, spreading the mixture on a soil improvement layer to fill and level up a ditch to form a seeding layer, mixing surface soil on two sides of the ditch with a sand-fixing water-retaining agent, and pressing the seeding layer to form a low ridge;
sowing in harrowing mode
Harrowing and harrowing the grassland among the low ridges, and then sowing the mixture of the asterias amurensis Lutken, the wild cattle grass, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess and then compacting;
fourth seal grass bed
After the emergence of grass seeds, water and fertilizer are integrally sprayed, inorganic biological bacterial fertilizer is sprayed, and the seeds are sealed and protected for 2-3 years.
2. The ecological restoration method of deteriorated grasslands as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the acid soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 70-80 parts of weathered coal, 2-3 parts of polyacrylic acid, 3-5 parts of potassium humate, 3-7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1-2 parts of rhizobia and 20-30 parts of vinegar residue, and the application amount of the acid soil conditioner is 10-30 kg per mu.
3. The ecological restoration method of deteriorated grasslands as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the artemisia oil seeds and the Chinese wildrye seeds are mixed into mixed grass seeds a according to the weight ratio of 2:1-3, the decomposed horse dung and the hay powder are mixed into organic fertilizer a according to the weight ratio of 4:1, and the mixed grass seeds a and the organic fertilizer a are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3-5:1000 and then applied.
4. The ecological restoration method of deteriorated grasslands as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the star grass and the wild cattle grass are mixed according to the weight ratio of 3:1-2 to form mixed grass seeds b, the organic compound fertilizer and the loess are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5-10:1 to form organic fertilizer b, and the mixed grass seeds b and the organic fertilizer b are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2-4:1000 and then applied according to 2-3 tons per mu.
5. The ecological restoration method of deteriorated grasslands as set forth in claim 4, wherein the ecological restoration method comprises the following steps: the organic compound fertilizer comprises 33-55 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 25-47 parts of decomposed cow manure, 3.5-7 parts of ammonium sulfate and 5-12 parts of calcium superphosphate in parts by weight.
6. The ecological restoration method of deteriorated grasslands as set forth in claim 4, wherein the ecological restoration method comprises the following steps: the sand-fixing water-retaining agent comprises, by weight, 70-80 parts of acrylamide, 5-9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1-3 parts of blue algae crust, 2-5 parts of sodium alginate, 1-3 parts of acidic lignin, 1.5-3 parts of ferric sulfate and 10-30 parts of starch, and the application amount of the sand-fixing water-retaining agent is 2.5-4 kilograms per mu.
7. The ecological restoration method of deteriorated grasslands as set forth in claim 4, wherein the ecological restoration method comprises the following steps: the sprinkling irrigation adopts 2.5-5 parts of urea, 7-12.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.7 part of boric acid, 0.1-0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.5-3 parts of bacillus subtilis liquid, 0.5-2 parts of bacillus licheniformis liquid and 5000 parts of water by weight.
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| CN113875507A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-04 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Grassland ecological restoration method |
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