CN112616560A - Mushroom liquid strain culture material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mushroom liquid strain culture material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112616560A CN112616560A CN201910902439.6A CN201910902439A CN112616560A CN 112616560 A CN112616560 A CN 112616560A CN 201910902439 A CN201910902439 A CN 201910902439A CN 112616560 A CN112616560 A CN 112616560A
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- liquid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
Abstract
The invention provides a mushroom liquid strain culture material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the culture material comprises the following components in parts by mass: the culture material is prepared by the steps of weighing, liquid preparation, fermentation, sterilization, inoculation and the like, the survival rate of strains can be effectively improved, the cost is reduced, the risk is reduced, and inoculated fungus sticks normally germinate at 15-17 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mushroom culture, in particular to a mushroom liquid strain culture material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Lentinus edodes, also known as Lentinus edodes and Lentinus edodes, is the fruiting body of Lentinus edodes of Pleurotaceae, and has high nutritive value. The mushroom is the second most edible mushroom in the world and is one of the special products in China, and is called mountain delicacies among people.
The protein content of the mushroom is up to 18.6 percent, the fat content is as low as 4.8 percent, the carbohydrate content is 71 percent, the crude fiber content is 9.6 percent, and the mushroom.
Lentinus Edodes has various biological activities and pharmacological effects. The mushroom is sweet in taste and neutral in nature, mainly treats anorexia and hypodynamia, and is a high-protein low-fat nutritional health food. The ergosterol content in the mushrooms is very high, and the shiitake powder is effective in preventing and treating rickets; lentinan (beta-1, 3 glucan) can enhance the cellular immunity, thereby inhibiting the growth of cancer cells; the shiitake mushroom contains more than 40 enzymes of six enzymes, and can correct enzyme deficiency of human body; the fat in the mushroom contains fatty acid, which is beneficial to reducing blood fat of human body.
The traditional mushroom production generally adopts solid strains for inoculation culture, the strains mainly comprise sawdust strains, branch strains and other conventional solid strains, the production period of the method is long, the method generally needs 55-60 days, the process is complex, and the production method has low efficiency; the production process of the strain needs a large space, needs a large amount of manpower and material resources, and has high cost; the culture period of the hyphae is long, the difference of the hyphae age in the culture medium is large, when the front end hyphae are in a budding state, the hyphae on the surface of the substrate are nearly aged, the fruiting of the cultivated species is irregular, the scale production of the mushrooms cannot be achieved, and the production requirements of people cannot be met. Instead, the liquid culture technology is adopted for production, the liquid culture has the characteristics of short production period, fast hypha growth, good hypha dispersibility, multiple germination points, capability of obtaining a large amount of mycelium and metabolites in a short time, suitability for industrial production and the like, can utilize the mycelium and fermentation liquor to produce health care products and extract effective components, and is a brand-new way for developing the production of the shiitake mushrooms.
The existing mushroom liquid strain inoculated strain stick has low survival rate and often causes dead strain phenomenon, after the mushroom liquid strain is inoculated strain stick, the mushroom liquid strain does not germinate when the temperature is lower than 20 ℃, the growth cycle of the mushroom liquid strain is unstable, the industrialized production is not facilitated, in order to shorten the growth cycle of the liquid strain, a seed tank is produced firstly, and then the seed tank is inoculated to the production tank, so that the cost is increased, the pollution risk is increased, the liquid strain is damaged in the tank transferring process, and the strain activity is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the survival rate of mushroom liquid spawn inoculated with a mushroom stick is low, the phenomenon of seed death frequently occurs, the mushroom liquid spawn does not germinate when the temperature is lower than 20 ℃ after the mushroom liquid spawn is inoculated with the mushroom stick, the growth cycle of the mushroom liquid spawn is unstable, the mushroom liquid spawn is not beneficial to industrial production, and in order to shorten the growth cycle of the liquid spawn, a seed tank is produced and then inoculated into a production tank by the seed tank, so that the cost is increased, the risk of pollution is increased, the liquid spawn is damaged in the tank transferring process, the vitality of the spawn is weakened, and the like in the prior art, and provides a mushroom liquid spawn culture material and a preparation.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of potato powder, 20 parts of white sugar, 2 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 1000 parts of water and 2 parts of an antifoaming agent.
Preferably, the wheat bran is ground into powder by a high-speed grinding machine and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.
Preferably, the magnesium sulfate is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
A preparation method of a mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing machine
Accurately weighing the using amounts of the components in proportion according to the production requirement of the liquid tank;
step 2: liquid preparation
Firstly, adding one third of water into a liquid fermentation tank, adding all the components into the liquid fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, and adding water to the required amount;
and step 3: fermentation of
And (3) fermenting the culture material obtained in the step (2) to a pH value of 5.6.
And 4, step 4: sterilization
Sterilizing the fermentation liquor obtained in the fourth step by using a high-pressure boiler under high pressure, and cooling to 25 ℃ after the sterilization is finished;
and 5: inoculation of
After inoculation by a full-automatic liquid inoculation machine, the strain is cultured in a liquid strain culture chamber at 24 ℃ for 4 days, the strain balls can be seen, and the strain rods can be inoculated after 7 days.
Preferably, the potato flour is mixed with a small amount of cold water before all the components are mixed in the step 2, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the magnesium sulfate are dissolved by a proper amount of boiled water, and the bean flour and the corn flour are soaked in cold water and stirred repeatedly until no dry materials exist.
Preferably, the inoculation process in step 5 is performed in a clean inoculation room.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the reasonable proportion of potato powder, white sugar, soybean powder, corn flour, wheat bran, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, water and defoamer, can provide various nutrient substances for the growth of strains, adopts the reasonable proportion of potato powder and prepares the slurry in advance, and effectively improves the survival rate of the strains.
2. The invention can obviously improve the activity of the liquid strain, does not need to inoculate a seeding tank, completes the production of the liquid strain by one-time inoculation, stabilizes the growth cycle of the strain using the culture material at 7 days, does not need the concentration of the seeding tank, only needs 1000ml of strain liquid, reduces the cost and lowers the risk.
3, the strain grown by the culture material has strong stress resistance, and the inoculated strain rod normally germinates at the temperature of 15-17 ℃.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
Example 1
A mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10kg of potato powder, 20kg of white sugar, 2kg of soybean powder, 4kg of corn flour, 8kg of wheat bran, 2kg of monopotassium phosphate, 1kg of magnesium sulfate, 1000kg of water and 2kg of defoaming agent, wherein the wheat bran needs to be ground into powder by a high-speed grinding machine and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the magnesium sulfate is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
A preparation method of a mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing machine
Accurately weighing the using amounts of the components in proportion according to the production requirement of the liquid tank;
step 2: liquid preparation
Adding one third of water into a liquid fermentation tank, adding all the components into the liquid fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, adding water to required amount, mixing the potato powder with a small amount of cold water before mixing all the components, dissolving the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the magnesium sulfate with a proper amount of boiled water, and soaking the bean powder and the corn powder in cold water and repeatedly stirring until no dry materials exist.
And step 3: fermentation of
And (3) fermenting the culture material obtained in the step (2) to a pH value of 5.6.
And 4, step 4: sterilization
Sterilizing the fermentation liquor obtained in the fourth step by using a high-pressure boiler under high pressure, and cooling to 25 ℃ after the sterilization is finished;
and 5: inoculation of
After inoculation by using a full-automatic liquid inoculation machine, the strain is cultured in a liquid strain culture room at 24 ℃ for 4 days, the strain balls can be seen, the strain rods can be inoculated after 7 days, and the inoculation process is carried out in a purification inoculation room.
Example 2
A mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15kg of potato powder, 20kg of white sugar, 2kg of soybean powder, 4kg of corn flour, 8kg of wheat bran, 2kg of monopotassium phosphate, 1kg of magnesium sulfate, 1000kg of water and 2kg of defoaming agent, wherein the wheat bran needs to be ground into powder by a high-speed grinding machine and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the magnesium sulfate is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
A preparation method of a mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing machine
Accurately weighing the using amounts of the components in proportion according to the production requirement of the liquid tank;
step 2: liquid preparation
Adding one third of water into a liquid fermentation tank, adding all the components into the liquid fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, adding water to required amount, mixing the potato powder with a small amount of cold water before mixing all the components, dissolving the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the magnesium sulfate with a proper amount of boiled water, and soaking the bean powder and the corn powder in cold water and repeatedly stirring until no dry materials exist.
And step 3: fermentation of
And (3) fermenting the culture material obtained in the step (2) to a pH value of 5.6.
And 4, step 4: sterilization
Sterilizing the fermentation liquor obtained in the fourth step by using a high-pressure boiler under high pressure, and cooling to 25 ℃ after the sterilization is finished;
and 5: inoculation of
After inoculation by using a full-automatic liquid inoculation machine, the strain is cultured in a liquid strain culture room at 24 ℃ for 4 days, the strain balls can be seen, the strain rods can be inoculated after 7 days, and the inoculation process is carried out in a purification inoculation room.
Example 3
A mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20kg of potato powder, 20kg of white sugar, 2kg of soybean powder, 4kg of corn flour, 8kg of wheat bran, 2kg of monopotassium phosphate, 1kg of magnesium sulfate, 1000kg of water and 2kg of defoaming agent, wherein the wheat bran needs to be ground into powder by a high-speed grinding machine and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the magnesium sulfate is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
A preparation method of a mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing machine
Accurately weighing the using amounts of the components in proportion according to the production requirement of the liquid tank;
step 2: liquid preparation
Adding one third of water into a liquid fermentation tank, adding all the components into the liquid fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, adding water to required amount, mixing the potato powder with a small amount of cold water before mixing all the components, dissolving the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the magnesium sulfate with a proper amount of boiled water, and soaking the bean powder and the corn powder in cold water and repeatedly stirring until no dry materials exist.
And step 3: fermentation of
And (3) fermenting the culture material obtained in the step (2) to a pH value of 5.6.
And 4, step 4: sterilization
Sterilizing the fermentation liquor obtained in the fourth step by using a high-pressure boiler under high pressure, and cooling to 25 ℃ after the sterilization is finished;
and 5: inoculation of
After inoculation by using a full-automatic liquid inoculation machine, the strain is cultured in a liquid strain culture room at 24 ℃ for 4 days, the strain balls can be seen, the strain rods can be inoculated after 7 days, and the inoculation process is carried out in a purification inoculation room.
Comparative example
A mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20kg of white sugar, 2kg of soybean meal, 4kg of corn flour, 8kg of wheat bran, 2kg of monopotassium phosphate, 1kg of magnesium sulfate, 1000kg of water and 2kg of defoaming agent, wherein the wheat bran needs to be ground into powder by a high-speed grinding machine, and the powder is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and the magnesium sulfate is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
A preparation method of a mushroom liquid strain culture material comprises the following steps:
step 1: weighing machine
Accurately weighing the using amounts of the components in proportion according to the production requirement of the liquid tank;
step 2: liquid preparation
Adding one third of water into a liquid fermentation tank, adding all the components into the liquid fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, adding water to required amount, mixing the potato powder with a small amount of cold water before mixing all the components, dissolving the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the magnesium sulfate with a proper amount of boiled water, and soaking the bean powder and the corn powder in cold water and repeatedly stirring until no dry materials exist.
And step 3: fermentation of
And (3) fermenting the culture material obtained in the step (2) to a pH value of 5.6.
And 4, step 4: sterilization
Sterilizing the fermentation liquor obtained in the fourth step by using a high-pressure boiler under high pressure, and cooling to 25 ℃ after the sterilization is finished;
and 5: inoculation of
After inoculation by using a full-automatic liquid inoculation machine, the strain is cultured in a liquid strain culture room at 24 ℃ for 4 days, the strain balls can be seen, the strain rods can be inoculated after 7 days, and the inoculation process is carried out in a purification inoculation room.
Lentinus edodes was cultured using comparative examples 1 to 3 and example 1:
the culture medium is weighed according to the weight, and 10ml of fermentation liquor is added into each liter of culture medium.
Preparing fermentation liquor: 20g of white sugar, 4g of bean flour, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.1g of yeast and 1000ml of water, wherein the yeast fermentation liquor needs to be prepared one day in advance.
Preparing a culture material: dissolving potato powder in cold water, grinding wheat bran into slurry with a grinder, dissolving sugar, yeast extract, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate in boiled water in advance, soaking bean powder and corn powder in cold water, and stirring repeatedly until no dry material exists, wherein the magnesium sulfate is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
Preparing a liquid tank: accurately weighing the dosage of each component according to the production requirement of the liquid tank in proportion, adding one third of water into the tank, adding each component into the tank, stirring uniformly, adding water to the required dosage, fermenting the pH value to 5.6 by using fermentation liquor, and starting sterilization. Cooling to 25 ℃ after sterilization, starting inoculation, inoculating the bacteria stick when the bacteria ball reaches a certain concentration at 24 ℃, putting the bacteria stick into a culture room for conventional culture, and recording the development degree of the bacteria stick.
Record table for development degree of inoculated fungus stick
According to experimental data, the culture medium added with the potato powder has the advantages of short strain germination time, low germination temperature and high survival rate of strain inoculation bacteria sticks, wherein the embodiment 3 is the best embodiment.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. The invention is therefore not to be limited to the specific details described herein, without departing from the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The mushroom liquid strain culture material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of potato powder, 20 parts of white sugar, 2 parts of soybean meal, 4 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of wheat bran, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 1000 parts of water and 2 parts of an antifoaming agent.
2. The mushroom liquid spawn culture material according to claim 1, wherein wheat bran needs to be ground into powder by a high-speed grinding machine and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.
3. The mushroom liquid spawn compost according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium sulfate is anhydrous magnesium sulfate.
4. The method for preparing the mushroom liquid spawn culture material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: weighing machine
Accurately weighing the using amounts of the components in proportion according to the production requirement of the liquid tank;
step 2: liquid preparation
Firstly, adding one third of water into a liquid fermentation tank, adding all the components into the liquid fermentation tank, uniformly stirring, and adding water to the required amount;
and step 3: fermentation of
Fermenting the culture material obtained in the step 2 to a pH value of 5.6;
and 4, step 4: sterilization
Sterilizing the fermentation liquor obtained in the fourth step by using a high-pressure boiler under high pressure, and cooling to 25 ℃ after the sterilization is finished;
and 5: inoculation of
After inoculation by a full-automatic liquid inoculation machine, the strain is cultured in a liquid strain culture chamber at 24 ℃ for 4 days, the strain balls can be seen, and the strain rods can be inoculated after 7 days.
5. The method for preparing the culture medium for the liquid spawn of the lentinus edodes as claimed in claim 4, wherein the potato powder is mixed with a small amount of cold water before all the components in the step 2 are mixed, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the magnesium sulfate are dissolved by a proper amount of boiled water, and the bean powder and the corn powder are soaked in cold water and are repeatedly stirred until no dry materials exist.
6. The method for preparing the culture medium of the liquid spawn of the lentinus edodes as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inoculation process in the step 5 is carried out in a purification inoculation room.
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