CN112608446A - 一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵，它涉及家居产品技术领域。聚氨酯海绵的制备步骤如下：异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合时，加入茶多酚，聚氨酯海绵由以下组分组成：聚醚多元醇、MDI或TDI、链延长剂、高效泡沫稳定剂、高效复合催化剂、外发泡剂、水、茶多酚，制成原料进行聚合和发泡；进行开放连续式低压平泡发泡，将原料通过发泡喷嘴喷至发泡系统输送装置，边发泡边传送。本发明的优点在于：以植物来源的茶多酚加入聚氨酯海绵的聚合单体中，其中的酚羟基参与聚氨酯的聚合反应，制备得到具有分解人体汗味体味等的清新环境的聚氨酯海绵。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及家居产品技术领域，具体涉及一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵。
背景技术
聚氨酯海绵就是泡沫密度低于18kg/m3以下的低密度PU，记忆海绵就属于聚氨酯海绵的一种。目前生产聚氨酯海绵的主要技术有采用负压发泡技术、强制冷却技术和液态二氧化碳发泡技术。聚氨酯海绵除具备聚醚海绵的特性以外，还具备耐酸碱、耐潮、耐磨损、抗腐蚀、耐热、拉伸性好等独特特性，并且商品具有泡孔匀称、光泽度好、与纺织物复合型粘接率强等特性，广泛运用于高级车内饰，高端复合材料、植绒布、护肤品、打印机耗材、过滤等行业。
应用于家居领域的聚氨酯海绵，可以制成床垫、枕垫、坐垫等。人体的汗味和体味对床品的微环境和睡眠质量也有重要影响。一般的释香只是掩盖性清新环境，而且不同的消费者对香味的喜好有不同，比较难于统一，不利于相关产品的开发。因此迫切需要开发能够分解人体体味、积极清新环境的聚氨酯海绵，以满足床垫、枕垫、坐垫等家居用品的需要。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵，能够解决目前聚氨酯海绵家居用品的释香只是掩盖性清新环境、不能够对汗味体味进行分解等影响微环境的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵，由异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合而成，在聚氨酯海绵聚合过程中，加入茶多酚；聚氨酯海绵由以下重量份的组分组成：聚醚多元醇90-110份、MDI二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或TDI甲苯二异氰酸酯30-70份、链延长剂0-0.5份、高效泡沫稳定剂0.5-5份、高效复合催化剂0.1-1.0份、外发泡剂0-6份、水1-5份、茶多酚0.2-0.5份。
进一步地，所述聚醚多元醇为用于发泡的聚醚多元醇，所述链延长剂为多元醇或二胺类的低分子化合物，所述高效泡沫稳定剂为有机硅泡沫稳定剂或聚硅氧烷-聚氧化烯烃镶嵌共聚物，所述高效复合催化剂为锡类催化剂或胺类催化剂。
进一步地，聚氨酯海绵的一种制备步骤如下：
S1、异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合时，在聚醚多元醇、MDI二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或TDI甲苯二异氰酸酯、链延长剂、高效泡沫稳定剂、高效复合催化剂、外发泡剂、水中加入茶多酚，制成原料进行聚合和发泡；
发泡为开放连续式低压平泡，将原料通过发泡喷嘴喷至发泡系统输送装置，边发泡边传送，同时对输送装置进行限位，控制聚氨酯海绵的宽度，聚氨酯海绵的厚度由原料的流量和输送速度控制，调节混合头的输出量满足泡沫的宽厚需求，并通过调节输送速度和降落板位置，控制泡沫顶部高度及弧度，获得所需的泡沫流型；
S2、大尺寸聚氨酯海绵发泡完成后，采用后续的切割技术进行异形切割。
进一步地，所述步骤S1中，发泡喷嘴喷射原料的流量控制在80-400kg/min，输送速度控制在2-6m/min，发泡时间为2-5min。
本发明的优点在于：以植物来源的茶多酚加入聚氨酯海绵的聚合单体中，其中的酚羟基参与聚氨酯的聚合反应，制备得到具有分解汗味体味，清新环境的聚氨酯海绵。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵的一种制备方法，具体制备步骤如下：S1、异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合时，在聚醚多元醇、MDI二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或TDI甲苯二异氰酸酯、链延长剂、高效泡沫稳定剂、高效复合催化剂、外发泡剂、水中加入茶多酚，制成原料进行聚合和发泡，链延长剂为多元醇或二胺类低分子化合物，高效泡沫稳定剂为有机硅泡沫稳定剂或聚硅氧烷-聚氧化烯烃镶嵌共聚物，高效复合催化剂为锡类催化剂、胺类催化剂，用于聚氨酯发泡的所有物理发泡剂都可作为外发泡剂，用于聚氨酯发泡的所有聚醚都可作为聚醚多元醇。
发泡为开放连续式低压平泡，将原料通过发泡喷嘴喷至发泡系统输送装置，边发泡边传送，同时对输送装置进行限位，控制聚氨酯海绵的宽度，聚氨酯海绵的厚度由原料的流量和输送速度控制，调节混合头的输出量满足泡沫的宽厚需求，并通过调节输送速度和降落板位置，控制泡沫顶部高度及弧度，获得所需的泡沫流型，发泡喷嘴喷射原料的流量控制在80-400kg/min，输送速度控制在2-6m/min，发泡时间为2-5min；
S2、大尺寸聚氨酯海绵发泡完成后，采用后续的切割技术进行异形切割。
实施例1
通过以上方法异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合制成气感海绵，由以下重量份的组分组成：分子量为5000、羟值为35-39的聚醚多元醇80份，分子量为3000、羟值为26-30的聚醚多元醇13份，分子量为700、羟值为230-250的聚醚多元醇7份，MDI 58份，KC101链延长剂0.24份，有机硅类泡沫稳定剂3.2份，三乙烯二胺或二甲氨基乙基高效复合催化剂0.35份，A33高效复合催化剂0.3份，A1高效复合催化剂0.05份，二氯甲烷外发泡剂5份，水3.275份，茶多酚0.2份。
实施例2
通过以上方法异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合制成普通海绵，由以下重量份的组分组成：分子量为3000、羟值为56的聚醚多元醇70份，分子量为3000、羟值为28的聚醚多元醇30份，TDI 46份，有机硅泡沫稳定剂1.1份，锡基催化剂0.18份，胺类催化剂0.24份，二氯甲烷外发泡剂3.3份，水3.35份，茶多酚0.5份。
实施例3
通过以上方法异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合制成慢回弹海绵，由以下重量份的组分组成：分子量为3000、羟值为56的聚醚37份，分子量为3000、羟值为28的聚醚10份，分子量为700、羟值为240的聚醚50份，分子量为5000、羟值为37的聚醚3份，TDI 36份，有机硅泡沫稳定剂1.2份，锡基催化剂0.7份，胺类催化剂0.3份，水2份，茶多酚0.3份。
对采用上述配方制得的一种基于茶多酚的清新型气感海绵、普通海绵、慢回弹海绵的性能进行相关性能测试，其测试结果见表1。
表1实施例1～3所制一种基于茶多酚的清新型气感海绵、普通海绵、慢回弹海绵的性能测试结果
| 项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 |
| 抑菌率％ | 90.5 | 93.9 | 90.8 |
| 消(氨)臭率％ | 95.6 | 99.9 | 97.2 |
抑菌率根据GB/T 20944.3–2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第三部分：振荡法》测得；消(氨)臭率根据日本(1社)纤维评价技术协会SEK标志纤维制品认证基准21.气体检知管法测得，试验时间2h，氨气初始浓度：氨气100ppm。
由上表可以看出，制备出的一种基于茶多酚的清新型气感海绵、普通海绵、慢回弹海绵具有可分解人体汗味体味、抗菌的优良性能。
一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵的另一种制备方法，具体制备步骤如下：
S1、异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合形成聚氨酯海绵，聚合体系中还加入链延长剂、高效泡沫稳定剂、高效复合催化剂、外发泡剂、水；
S2、将聚氨酯海绵用茶多酚溶液进行后处理，后处理的方式为超声浸渍，热风烘干，浸渍的组分为茶多酚和柠檬酸，超声浸渍功率为100-150W，频率为40-80赫兹，温度为40-50℃，时间为30mim-60min，真空烘干的温度为40-50℃，压强0.08-0.09Mpa，时间为10-12小时。
实施例4
聚氨酯海绵通过超声浸渍进行后处理的配方为：茶多酚40g/L，柠檬酸10g/L。
实施例5
聚氨酯海绵通过超声浸渍进行后处理的配方为：茶多酚60g/L，柠檬酸20g/L。
实施例6
聚氨酯海绵通过超声浸渍进行后处理的配方为：茶多酚50g/L，柠檬酸15g/L。
表2实施例4-6中各组分的质量对比
| 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | |
| 茶多酚 | 40 | 60 | 50 |
| 柠檬酸 | 10 | 20 | 15 |
为了比较采用上述配方制得的一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵的性能，将其进行相关性能测试，其测试结果见表3。
表3实施例4-6所制一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵的性能测试结果
| 项目 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 |
| 抑菌率％ | 90.6 | 92.9 | 91.2 |
| 消(氨)臭率％ | 95.9 | 99.9 | 98.8 |
由上表可以看出，制备出的一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵具有可分解人体汗味体味、抗菌的优良性能；此外，实施例4-6相互比较，可看出实施例5的各项性能均优于其他两个实施例，因而实施例5为最佳实施例。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征以及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (4)
1.一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵，由异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合而成，其特征在于：在聚氨酯海绵聚合过程中，加入茶多酚；聚氨酯海绵由以下重量份的组分组成：聚醚多元醇90-110份、MDI二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或TDI甲苯二异氰酸酯30-70份、链延长剂0-0.5份、高效泡沫稳定剂0.5-5份、高效复合催化剂0.1-1.0份、外发泡剂0-6份、水1-5份、茶多酚0.2-0.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵，其特征在于：所述聚醚多元醇为用于发泡的聚醚多元醇，所述链延长剂为多元醇或二胺类的低分子化合物，所述高效泡沫稳定剂为有机硅泡沫稳定剂或聚硅氧烷-聚氧化烯烃镶嵌共聚物，所述高效复合催化剂为锡类催化剂或胺类催化剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵，其特征在于：聚氨酯海绵的制备步骤如下：
S1、异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇聚合时，在聚醚多元醇、MDI二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或TDI甲苯二异氰酸酯、链延长剂、高效泡沫稳定剂、高效复合催化剂、外发泡剂、水中加入茶多酚，制成原料进行聚合和发泡；
发泡为开放连续式低压平泡，将原料通过发泡喷嘴喷至发泡系统输送装置，边发泡边传送，同时对输送装置进行限位，控制聚氨酯海绵的宽度，聚氨酯海绵的厚度由原料的流量和输送速度控制，调节混合头的输出量满足泡沫的宽厚需求，并通过调节输送速度和降落板位置，控制泡沫顶部高度及弧度，获得所需的泡沫流型；
S2、大尺寸聚氨酯海绵发泡完成后，采用后续的切割技术进行异形切割。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于茶多酚的清新型聚氨酯海绵，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中，发泡喷嘴喷射原料的流量控制在80-400kg/min，输送速度控制在2-6m/min，发泡时间为2-5min。
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