CN112603310A - 一种微型微痛式安全采血针 - Google Patents

一种微型微痛式安全采血针 Download PDF

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CN112603310A
CN112603310A CN202011458920.XA CN202011458920A CN112603310A CN 112603310 A CN112603310 A CN 112603310A CN 202011458920 A CN202011458920 A CN 202011458920A CN 112603310 A CN112603310 A CN 112603310A
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needle
shell
needle body
spring
excitation
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何家朝
赵木林
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Tianjin Huashang Medical Equipment Co ltd
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Tianjin Huashang Medical Equipment Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011458920.XA priority Critical patent/CN112603310A/zh
Publication of CN112603310A publication Critical patent/CN112603310A/zh
Priority to US17/313,009 priority patent/US20220183601A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150374—Details of piercing elements or protective means for preventing accidental injuries by such piercing elements
    • A61B5/150381—Design of piercing elements
    • A61B5/150412—Pointed piercing elements, e.g. needles, lancets for piercing the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B5/15058—Joining techniques used for protective means
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    • A61B5/150694—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing
    • A61B5/150709—Procedure for removing protection means at the time of piercing semi-automatically removed, i.e. before puncturing the protection is removed by a mechanism initiated by a deliberate action by the user, such as pressing a button
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
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    • A61B5/15101—Details
    • A61B5/15103—Piercing procedure
    • A61B5/15107—Piercing being assisted by a triggering mechanism
    • A61B5/15111—Semi-automatically triggered, e.g. at the end of the cocking procedure, for instance by biasing the main drive spring or when reaching sufficient contact pressure, the piercing device is automatically triggered without any deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B5/15101—Details
    • A61B5/15115—Driving means for propelling the piercing element to pierce the skin, e.g. comprising mechanisms based on shape memory alloys, magnetism, solenoids, piezoelectric effect, biased elements, resilient elements, vacuum or compressed fluids
    • A61B5/15117—Driving means for propelling the piercing element to pierce the skin, e.g. comprising mechanisms based on shape memory alloys, magnetism, solenoids, piezoelectric effect, biased elements, resilient elements, vacuum or compressed fluids comprising biased elements, resilient elements or a spring, e.g. a helical spring, leaf spring, or elastic strap
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15101—Details
    • A61B5/15126—Means for controlling the lancing movement, e.g. 2D- or 3D-shaped elements, tooth-shaped elements or sliding guides
    • A61B5/1513—Means for controlling the lancing movement, e.g. 2D- or 3D-shaped elements, tooth-shaped elements or sliding guides comprising linear sliding guides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15142—Devices intended for single use, i.e. disposable
    • A61B5/15144—Devices intended for single use, i.e. disposable comprising driving means, e.g. a spring, for retracting the piercing unit into the housing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/151—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets, needles or blades
    • A61B5/15186—Devices loaded with a single lancet, i.e. a single lancet with or without a casing is loaded into a reusable drive device and then discarded after use; drive devices reloadable for multiple use
    • A61B5/15188—Constructional features of reusable driving devices
    • A61B5/15192—Constructional features of reusable driving devices comprising driving means, e.g. a spring, for retracting the lancet unit into the driving device housing
    • A61B5/15194—Constructional features of reusable driving devices comprising driving means, e.g. a spring, for retracting the lancet unit into the driving device housing fully automatically retracted, i.e. the retraction does not require a deliberate action by the user, e.g. by terminating the contact with the patient's skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/153—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种微型微痛式安全采血针，包括：针体、激发套、外壳和弹簧，所述外壳内设置激发套，所述激发套内设置针体，所述外壳、激发套和针体之间均滑动连接，所述激发套上设置有内壁，所述内壁的中部内侧设置有解锁臂、底部外侧设置有卡扣，所述针体的前端设置有针帽，所述激发套的解锁臂分别与所述针帽的自锁凸台和外壳的倒扣卡接，所述弹簧设置在所述针体的底部与外壳之间，所述外壳的底部设置有引导台，所述引导台的顶部抵接斜角内侧。本发明防止歪帽杜绝误激发现象，且精确控制进针深度，从而减小采血疼痛感。

Description

一种微型微痛式安全采血针
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗用品技术领域，尤其是涉及一种微型微痛式安全采血针。
背景技术
现有的采血针所采用的方案中，一般是通过按压激发套，使得针体转动到发射位置，在此情况下，激发套仅仅是在采血针的外壳内轴向移动。不过，因为弹簧一端与针体相连接，另一端与采血针的底盖没有相对位移的连接，所以针体转动会带动弹簧扭转，而弹簧一边扭转一边弹击使得弹簧势能会受损，从而影响弹击力度。采血针也需要防止误发射，为了防止误发射，在采血针上设置帽装置，以覆盖触发采血操作的内套，市面上帽装置是由两个组件构成，其组件多，结构复杂，也增加了制造成本，造成资源浪费。
另外采血针进针深度是由弹簧自由伸缩来控制，会存在些许误差，增加疼痛感。采血针在组装和运输的过程当中易发生歪帽的现象，造成针尖与针体发生倾斜，同时增加使用者的疼痛感。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种微型微痛式安全采血针。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下内容：
一种微型微痛式安全采血针，包括：针体、激发套、外壳和弹簧，所述外壳内设置激发套，所述激发套内设置针体，所述外壳、激发套和针体之间均滑动连接，所述外壳上设置有倒扣，所述激发套上设置有内壁，所述内壁的中部内侧设置有解锁臂、底部外侧设置有卡扣，所述针体的前端设置有针帽，所述针帽上设置有自锁凸台，所述激发套的解锁臂分别与所述针帽的自锁凸台和外壳的倒扣卡接，用于固定所述针体、激发套和外壳之间的位置，所述弹簧设置在所述针体的底部与外壳之间，所述外壳的底部设置有引导台，所述激发套上设置有斜角，所述引导台的顶部抵接斜角内侧，当按压所述激发套时，通过引导台的顶部将所述内壁向两侧张开，使所述针体在弹簧的作用力下做轴向运动通过所述内壁的卡位处。
优选地，所述针体的两侧设置有限位台阶和止锁台阶，所述激发套的后部设置有与所述限位台阶和止锁台阶相适配的导向口，所述外壳内设置有与所述限位台阶和止锁台阶相适配的引导槽，所述限位台阶、止锁台阶、导向口、引导槽在同一方向。
优选地，所述解锁臂上设置有与所述限位台阶相适配的上平面，通过所述解锁臂的上平面限制针体继续做轴向运动，从而控制所述针体的进针深度。
优选地，所述外壳内设置有滑道槽，所述内壁的外侧设置有与所述滑道槽相适配的导轨。
优选地，所述针体内预埋有针芯。
优选地，所述外壳的底部侧壁上设置引导台，所述引导台抵接所述弹簧的两侧，用于引导弹簧的伸缩方向同时锁定弹簧左右活动量。
优选地，所述外壳的底部设置有圆台，所述弹簧一端套设在针体的底部并越过凸起，另一端套设在所述外壳的圆台上。
优选地，还包括保护帽，所述保护帽套合在所述针帽上，且与所述针帽卡接。
本发明具有以下优点：
1)、针体中针芯的进针深度是通过针体的限位台阶与激发套的平面配合来实现，保证了进针深度的精准定位，从而减小采血疼痛感；
2)、预防歪帽现象的发生是由针帽与激发套内壁配合来实现的，防止了歪帽现象的发生，不用增加额外的组件，减少组装环节，降低成本；
3)、杜绝误激发现象的发生是由针帽的自锁凸台与激发套的解锁臂配合来实现，结构简单、减少不必要的资源浪费，且不会发生误激发；
4)、使用保护帽时，通过旋转保护帽，便于针帽与针体分离，且可二次防止歪帽、误激发的发生。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针的整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针的整体结构示意图；
图3是图2中沿FF线的剖面图；
图4是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针的整体结构示意图；
图5是图4中沿JJ线的剖面图；
图6是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中针体的结构示意图；
图7是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中针体的结构示意图；
图8是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中激发套的结构示意图；
图9是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中激发套的结构示意图；
图10是图9沿FF线的剖面图；
图11是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中激发套的结构示意图；
图12是图11沿GG线的剖面图；
图13是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中外壳的结构示意图；
图14是图13沿GG线的剖面图；
图15是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中外壳的结构示意图；
图16是图15沿FF线的剖面图；
图17是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中外壳的结构示意图；
图18是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中外壳的结构示意图；
图19是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中保护帽的结构示意图；
图20是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中保护帽的结构示意图；
图21是本发明的一种微型微痛式安全采血针中保护帽的结构示意图；
图22是图21沿HH线的剖面图；
图23是实施例二中一种微型微痛式安全采血针的整体结构示意图；
图24是实施例二中一种微型微痛式安全采血针中针体的结构示意图，
图中，各附图标记为：
1.针体；11.针帽；12.自锁凸台；13.限位台阶；14.止锁台阶；15.固定扣；16.过孔；17.针体尾部；18.凸起；2.激发套；21.内壁；22.解锁臂；23.内孔；24.导向口；25.卡位；26.卡扣；27.导轨；28.斜角；3.外壳；31.引导槽；32.滑道槽；33.倒扣；34.凹槽；35.圆台；36.引导台；37.过渡面；4.针芯；5.弹簧；6.保护帽；61.内圆孔；62.内扁孔；63.通孔。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明，下面结合优选实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，下面所具体描述的内容是说明性的而非限制性的，不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例一
如图1至5所示，本发明一种微型微痛式的安全采血针，包括：针体1、激发套2、外壳3、弹簧4和保护帽6，所述外壳3内置针体1、激发套2和弹簧5；所述弹簧5一端安装在针体尾部17，另一端安装在外壳3的底部。
如图19至22所示，所述保护帽6的前端设有内圆孔61，后端设有内扁孔62，内扁孔62上设有通孔63。
如图3、6、7所示，所述针体1，前端有针帽11，针帽11上设置有过孔16，过孔16两侧设置有固定扣15，固定扣15卡合在保护帽6的通孔63内，使保护帽6与针帽11组装在一起，使用时，旋转保护帽6，使针帽11与针体1分离。
针帽11上有自锁凸台12，针体1两侧有限位台阶13，针体两侧有止锁台阶14，后端有针体尾部17，尾部17上有凸起18。
如图8至12所示，所述激发套2，外侧两面有导轨27，外侧底部有卡扣26，内侧有内壁21，内壁21上有解锁臂22，解锁臂22之上是导向口24，导向口24两侧有卡位25，导向口24尾部两侧有斜角28，内壁21上有内孔23。
如图13至18所示，所述外壳3，前端为敞口型，前端内壁两侧有引导槽31，引导槽31旁侧有滑道槽32，外壳3内的两侧有倒扣33，倒扣33上有过渡面37，过渡面37上有凹槽34，外壳3内的底部两侧有引导台36，外壳3的底部有圆台35。
如图3、5所示，激发套尾部卡扣26位于外壳内侧倒扣33上部，卡扣26上部设置有过渡面37，过渡面37上部设置有凹槽34，激发套两侧设置有导向口24，导向口24尾部设置有卡位25，针体止锁台阶14位于卡位25之上，共同组成针体1的触发结构，其原理是针体1与激发套2滑动配合，当针体1装入激发套2内时，针体1限制激发套2向内收缩，此时激发套尾部卡扣26外侧与外壳内侧过渡面37滑动配合，阻止激发套2向外扩张，同时激发套尾部卡扣26外侧大于外壳内侧倒扣33，使激发套2与外壳3连接在一起，只有当激发套尾部卡扣26越过过渡面37到达凹槽34之上，激发套2才能向外扩张，针体1才能激发，为保证针体1顺利激发故设置激发套后部设导向口24，导向口24尾部两侧有斜角28，外壳内侧引导台36，使激发套2可顺利向外扩张。
针帽11外侧与激发套的内孔23滑动配合，防止针帽移位，出现歪帽；弹簧5与外壳的引导台36滑动配合，以减小弹簧径向活动，降低弹簧的损耗；
针帽11上设置有自锁凸台12，自锁凸台12上部设置有位于激发套2上的解锁臂22，两者配合，防止针体1误激发；限位台阶13、止锁台阶14、导向口24、引导槽31位于同一方向，组成针体1的轴向轨道，以减小针体1中针芯4的晃动，减少使用者的疼痛感；针体1的限位台阶13与解锁臂22的上平面配合，稳定针体1中针芯4的采血深度。
组装过程：
首先，将弹簧5一端套在针体1的针体尾部17上，直至弹簧5的一端越过凸起18卡住，；
然后，将针体1两侧的限位台阶13沿激发套2的两侧的导向口24装入，此时，弹簧5的另一端套设在外壳的圆台上，在激发过程中，有效防止弹簧位移；
再次，将激发套2的导轨27沿外壳3的滑道槽32装入，当激发套2的卡扣26越过外壳3的倒扣33后停止；
最后，针帽11沿保护帽6的内圆孔61、内扁孔62装入，直至固定扣15卡入通孔63之内，使得针帽11与保护帽6结合。
工作原理：
旋转保护帽6，旋转的同时带动针帽11与针体1进行分离，此时按压激发套2前端，使弹簧5进入预压状态，激发套2的斜角28被外壳3的引导台36顶部的斜面逐渐撑开，此时针体1上的止锁台阶14可从激发套卡位25内通过，且由于弹簧5处于压缩状态，所以在弹簧5的弹性作用下针体1沿激发套2做轴向活动，在惯性的作用下弹簧4会进入拉伸状态，直至针体1上的限位台阶13与激发套的解锁臂22的上平面相接触，限制针体1继续向外继续向外壳3的开口处做轴向运动，以此结束弹簧5的拉伸，控制针芯4的进针深度，此时针体1内置的针芯4会从激发套前端露出，此时弹簧5由压缩获得的性能消失，弹簧5进入由拉伸产生的回缩状态，直至弹簧5回复自由长度后，针体1完全回缩到激发套2内，针体1内置针芯4也完全处于激发套之内。
实施例二
如图23、24所示，本实施例二无帽款的微型微痛式安全采血针与实施例一有保护帽款的微型微痛式安全采血针之间的内部结构相同，区别在于针帽11的前端缺少保护帽6，及由针体1、激发套2、外壳3和弹簧5组成，针体1前端设置有针帽11，针帽11上无过孔16和固定扣15，降低成本，减少浪费，且与保护帽款使用效果相同。使用时，旋转针帽11使针体1的主体与针帽11分离。
显然，本发明一种微型微痛式安全采血针的实施例，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定，对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动，这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举，凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。

Claims (8)

1.一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，包括：针体、激发套、外壳和弹簧，所述外壳内设置激发套，所述激发套内设置针体，所述外壳、激发套和针体之间均滑动连接，所述外壳上设置有倒扣，所述激发套上设置有内壁，所述内壁的中部内侧设置有解锁臂、底部外侧设置有卡扣，所述针体的前端设置有针帽，所述针帽上设置有自锁凸台，所述激发套的解锁臂分别与所述针帽的自锁凸台和外壳的倒扣卡接，用于固定所述针体、激发套和外壳之间的位置，所述弹簧设置在所述针体的底部与外壳之间，所述外壳的底部设置有引导台，所述激发套上设置有斜角，所述引导台的顶部抵接斜角内侧，当按压所述激发套时，通过引导台的顶部将所述内壁向两侧张开，使所述针体在弹簧的作用力下做轴向运动通过所述内壁的卡位处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，所述针体的两侧设置有限位台阶和止锁台阶，所述激发套的后部设置有与所述限位台阶和止锁台阶相适配的导向口，所述外壳内设置有与所述限位台阶和止锁台阶相适配的引导槽，所述限位台阶、止锁台阶、导向口、引导槽在同一方向。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，所述解锁臂上设置有与所述限位台阶相适配的上平面，通过所述解锁臂的上平面限制针体继续做轴向运动，从而控制所述针体的进针深度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，所述外壳内设置有滑道槽，所述内壁的外侧设置有与所述滑道槽相适配的导轨。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，所述针体内预埋有针芯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，所述外壳的底部侧壁上设置引导台，所述引导台抵接所述弹簧的两侧，用于引导弹簧的伸缩方向同时锁定弹簧左右活动量。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，所述外壳的底部设置有圆台，所述弹簧一端套设在针体的底部并越过凸起，另一端套设在所述外壳的圆台上。
8.根据权利要求1至7任意一项所述的一种微型微痛式安全采血针，其特征在于，还包括保护帽，所述保护帽套合在所述针帽上，且与所述针帽卡接。
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