CN112603263B - Palm photoacoustic imaging device and method - Google Patents
Palm photoacoustic imaging device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112603263B CN112603263B CN202011464661.1A CN202011464661A CN112603263B CN 112603263 B CN112603263 B CN 112603263B CN 202011464661 A CN202011464661 A CN 202011464661A CN 112603263 B CN112603263 B CN 112603263B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0093—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy
- A61B5/0095—Detecting, measuring or recording by applying one single type of energy and measuring its conversion into another type of energy by applying light and detecting acoustic waves, i.e. photoacoustic measurements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
- A61B5/0004—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
- A61B5/0013—Medical image data
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
- A61B5/0015—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by features of the telemetry system
- A61B5/0022—Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4416—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities, e.g. combination of ultrasound and X-ray acquisitions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4427—Device being portable or laptop-like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
- A61B2560/04—Constructional details of apparatus
- A61B2560/0431—Portable apparatus, e.g. comprising a handle or case
Abstract
The invention discloses a palm photoacoustic imaging device and a method, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the device comprises a light source driving circuit, a light source array, an optical shaping system, an ultrasonic detection array, a signal amplifying circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a microprocessor ARM unit, an image display circuit, a wireless transmission circuit, a synchronous trigger circuit and a power supply. The method comprises the following steps: the photoacoustic signal is excited by the light source array and received by the ultrasonic detection array to be converted into an analog electric signal; the analog electric signal is amplified by a signal amplifying circuit, and the signal acquisition circuit is converted into a digital signal and stored; the device adopts the LED/LD as an excitation light source, stores, processes and reconstructs photoacoustic signals acquired by the ultrasonic detection array at the imaging device end to realize palm real-time display imaging, and simultaneously, imaging data can be transmitted to a computer in a wireless transmission mode for display at the computer end.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photoacoustic imaging technology and device, in particular to a palm photoacoustic imaging device and method.
Background
Photoacoustic imaging technology is a novel non-invasive and non-ionized biological imaging technology that has developed rapidly and received widespread attention in recent years. Photoacoustic imaging combines the advantages of optical imaging and ultrasound imaging, namely the atraumatic, highly selective excitation characteristics of optical imaging and the low attenuation, high penetration characteristics of ultrasound imaging. The theoretical basis of photoacoustic imaging is the photoacoustic effect, when a short pulse light irradiates biological tissue, an absorber in the tissue absorbs light energy, so that the temperature rises and expands, a thermoelastic wave is generated, the energy is emitted in the form of ultrasonic waves, and an ultrasonic signal generated by light excitation is a photoacoustic signal. The photoacoustic signal generated by the biological tissue contains light absorption characteristic information of different tissue components in the tissue, and the light absorption distribution image in the tissue can be reconstructed by detecting the intensity of the photoacoustic signal. The photoacoustic imaging combines the advantages of high selectivity in pure optical tissue imaging and deep penetration in pure ultrasonic tissue imaging, can obtain tissue images with high resolution and high contrast, avoids the influence of light scattering in principle, and breaks through the depth soft limit (-1 mm) of the traditional high-resolution optical imaging. The photoacoustic imaging can reflect the internal structure and functional information of the shallow tissue, and is a functional imaging technology for inverting physiological lesions in the biological tissue based on the optical absorption difference characteristics.
Conventional photoacoustic imaging uses a pulsed laser as an excitation light source. For example, a solid-state laser (e.g., nd: YAG laser) is used as the light source device, but such a laser is generally bulky, expensive and inconvenient to move, and cannot be widely popularized in practice. Furthermore, the laser beam needs to be shaped and focused by an optical fiber, a collimator, a lens, and the like. The whole system is huge, complicated and not easy to operate.
Both the Chinese patent CN109497952A and the CN104568758A disclose the use of LEDs as excitation sources, which realizes photoacoustic imaging and reduces the volume and cost of a photoacoustic imaging system. However, the above-mentioned invention is characterized by that the signal transmission from head ultrasonic transducer is passed through signal line, and transferred and stored on (external) computer, and the photoacoustic imaging system with wired connection and attached computer or oscilloscope is still large in volume, and is not easy to carry, and the connection of signal line is not easy to regulate detection angle and implement in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a palm photoacoustic imaging device, which realizes palm real-time photoacoustic imaging and improves portability and operability of the device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a palm photoacoustic imaging method.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a palm photoacoustic imaging device, which comprises: the device comprises a light source driving circuit, a light source array, an optical shaping system, an ultrasonic detection array, a signal amplifying circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a microprocessor ARM unit, an image display circuit, a wireless transmission circuit, a synchronous trigger circuit and a power supply; the light source driving circuit, the light source array and the optical shaping system are sequentially connected; the ultrasonic detection array, the signal amplifying circuit, the signal acquisition circuit and the microprocessor ARM unit are sequentially connected; the microprocessor ARM unit is respectively connected with the image display circuit and the wireless transmission circuit; the synchronous trigger circuit is respectively connected with the light source driving circuit and the signal acquisition circuit; the power supply is respectively connected with the light source driving circuit, the synchronous trigger circuit, the signal amplifying circuit, the signal acquisition circuit, the microprocessor ARM unit, the image display circuit and the wireless transmission circuit;
the light source driving circuit is used for providing driving current for the light source array and controlling pulse excitation of the light source array;
the light source array is used as an excitation light source of the photoacoustic signal and used for exciting an imaging object to generate the photoacoustic signal;
the optical shaping system is used for shaping and focusing the scattered light spots emitted by the light source array;
the ultrasonic detection array is used for capturing a photoacoustic signal excited by an imaging object and converting the photoacoustic signal into an analog electrical signal;
the signal amplifying circuit is used for further amplifying the analog electric signal;
the signal acquisition circuit is used for carrying out multipath parallel analog/digital conversion and storage on the amplified analog signals;
the microprocessor ARM unit is used for processing stored data and reconstructing images;
the image display circuit is used for displaying the reconstructed image data under the control of the ARM unit of the microprocessor to form a real-time image;
the wireless transmission circuit is used for transmitting the reconstructed image to a computer with a wireless receiving function in a wireless mode;
the synchronous trigger circuit is used for providing synchronous trigger signals of the light source driving circuit and the signal acquisition circuit in parallel.
As a preferable technical scheme, the light source array consists of a plurality of high-power monochromatic LEDs/LDs, the LEDs/LDs are in linear arrangement, and the LEDs/LDs are connected in series; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The light source arrays are distributed on the left side and the right side of the ultrasonic detection array, and the light source arrays are irradiated and overlapped to form a rectangular overlapped light field with the length of 24.5mm and the width of 6 mm.
As an optimal technical scheme, the pulse width range of the driving current in the light source driving circuit is 10ns-500ns, the pulse voltage repetition frequency range is 1KHz-6KHz, and the current size range is 20A-100A.
As a preferable technical scheme, the optical shaping system comprises a total reflection lens and a convex lens; the light source array is positioned at the focus of the total reflection lens; the total reflection lens collimates the scattered light of the light source array into parallel light; the convex lens is positioned right in front of the total reflection type lens and is used for focusing parallel light into linear light; the spot size of the linear light is matched with the detection range of the ultrasonic detection array.
As a preferable technical scheme, the ultrasonic detection array comprises a 128-array element linear array, the center frequency is 7.5MHz, and the ultrasonic detection array is positioned between two light source arrays; the ultrasonic detection array is positioned at the center of the probe part, and the detection range is a rectangle with the length of 24.5mm and the width of 6 mm; the superimposed light field generated by the light source array is directly in front of the ultrasound probe array.
As an optimal technical scheme, the signal acquisition circuit is controlled by a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion on multiple paths of parallel input analog data and storing the data.
As a preferable technical scheme, the microprocessor ARM unit performs filtering and averaging processing on the data by calling stored photoacoustic data, and performs image reconstruction on the data by an imaging algorithm; the microprocessor ARM unit transmits data to the LCD driver through a controller of an LCD in the LCD display screen; the LCD driver controls the liquid crystal molecules of each pixel to form a final image.
As an optimal technical scheme, the wireless transmission circuit transmits the data after image reconstruction to a Wi-Fi transmitting end through an SPI interface; the Wi-Fi transmitting end is used for transmitting and uploading data to the computer.
As a preferable technical scheme, the power supply has a capacity of 5000mAH and a power of 42W, and is in the shape of a cuboid with a length of 90mm, a width of 50mm and a height of 25 mm.
In order to achieve the second objective, the present invention provides a palm photoacoustic imaging method, which includes the following steps:
(1) The pulse light emitted by the light source array excites an imaging object, and the photoacoustic signal is excited by the thermoelastic effect;
(2) Collecting a photoacoustic signal generated by the imaging object through an ultrasonic detection array, and converting the photoacoustic signal into an analog electrical signal;
(3) The analog electric signal output by the ultrasonic detection array is further amplified by a signal amplifying circuit;
(4) The amplified analog signals are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion through a signal acquisition circuit, and the analog electrical signals are converted into digital signals and stored;
(5) Performing data processing and image reconstruction on the stored data through a microprocessor ARM unit to obtain a photoacoustic image reflecting the specific absorption of different substances in an imaging object to excitation light, and displaying the photoacoustic image in real time through an LCD display screen;
(6) And transmitting the image data after image reconstruction to a computer through a wireless transmission circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the device adopts the LED/LD as an excitation light source, stores, processes and reconstructs the photoacoustic signals acquired by the ultrasonic detection array at the imaging device end to realize palm real-time display imaging, and simultaneously, imaging data can be transmitted to a computer in a wireless transmission mode for display at the computer end. In addition, the imaging device is integrated by light source excitation, signal acquisition and real-time imaging, has extremely high portability and operation flexibility, and can timely adjust the detection part according to the real-time imaging in the use process, thereby realizing rapid, instant and multi-position adjustment functional imaging.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a device diagram of a palm photoacoustic imaging device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a right cross-sectional view of a palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a system flow chart of an imaging method of the palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is an ultrasound probe array; 2-1 is the upper LED/LD light source port; 2-2 is the lower LED/LD light source port; 3-1 is an upper optical shaping system; 3-2 is a lower optical shaping system; 4-1 is an upper array of light sources; 4-2 is an array of lower light sources; 5-1 is an upper light source driving circuit; 5-2 is a lower light source driving circuit; 6 is an integrated module; 7 is a power supply driving circuit; 8 is an image display circuit; 9 is an LCD display; 10 is a power supply; 11 is an acquisition switch; 12 is a power switch; 13 is a USB charging interface.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present embodiment provides a palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus, which includes an ultrasonic probe array 1, an upper LED/LD light source port 2-1, a lower LED/LD light source port 2-2, an upper optical shaping system 3-1, a lower optical shaping system 3-2, an upper light source array 4-1, a lower light source array 4-2, an upper light source driving circuit 5-1, a lower light source driving circuit 5-2, an integrated module 6, a power driving circuit 7, an image display circuit 8, an LCD display screen 9, a power supply 10, an acquisition switch 11, a power switch 12, a USB charging interface 13, and a palm die appearance; the integrated module 6 is integrated by a synchronous trigger circuit, a signal amplifying circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a microprocessor ARM unit and a wireless transmission circuit; all of the above devices and circuits are assembled and connected within the palm die appearance.
As shown in fig. 3, the upper LED/LD light source port 2-1, the upper optical shaping system 3-1, the upper light source array 4-1 and the upper light source driving circuit 5-1 are sequentially connected; the lower LED/LD light source port 2-2, the lower optical shaping system 3-2, the lower light source array 4-2 and the lower light source driving circuit 5-2 are sequentially connected.
As shown in fig. 5, the ultrasonic detection array 1, the signal amplifying circuit in the integrated module 6, the signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6 and the microprocessor ARM unit in the integrated module 6 are sequentially connected, and the microprocessor ARM unit in the integrated module 6 is respectively connected with the image display circuit 8 and the wireless transmission circuit in the integrated module 6; the synchronous trigger circuit in the integrated module 6 is respectively connected with the upper light source driving circuit 5-1, the lower light source driving circuit 5-2 and the signal acquisition circuit; the power supply 10 is connected with the power supply driving circuit 7, and the power supply driving circuit 7 is respectively connected with the upper light source driving circuit 5-1, the lower light source driving circuit 5-2, the synchronous trigger circuit in the integrated module 6, the signal amplifying circuit in the integrated module 6, the signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6, the microprocessor ARM unit in the integrated module 6, the wireless transmission circuit in the integrated module 6 and the image display circuit 8.
The upper light source driving circuit 5-1 is used for providing driving current for the upper light source array 4-1 and controlling pulse excitation of the upper light source array 4-1; the lower light source driving circuit 5-2 is used for providing driving current for the lower light source array 4-2 and controlling pulse excitation of the lower light source array 4-2.
The upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 are used as excitation light sources of photoacoustic signals to excite an imaging object to generate photoacoustic signals.
The upper optical shaping system 3-1 is used for shaping and focusing scattered light spots emitted by the upper light source array 4-1; the lower optical shaping system 3-2 is used for shaping and focusing the scattered light spot emitted by the lower light source array 4-2.
The upper LED/LD light source port 2-1 is used as a light outlet of the shaped and focused pulse light beam emitted from the upper optical shaping system 3-1; the lower LED/LD light source port 2-2 is used as a light outlet of the shaped and focused pulse beam emitted from the lower optical shaping system 3-2.
The ultrasonic detection array 1 is used for capturing a photoacoustic signal excited by an imaging object and converting the photoacoustic signal into an analog electrical signal.
The synchronous trigger circuit in the integrated module 6 is used for providing synchronous trigger signals of the upper light source driving circuit 5-1, the lower light source driving circuit 5-2 and the signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6 in parallel.
The signal amplifying circuit in the integrating module 6 is used for further amplifying the analog electric signal output by the ultrasonic detection array 1.
The signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6 is used for performing multipath parallel analog/digital conversion and storage on the amplified analog signals.
The microprocessor ARM unit in the integrated module 6 is used for processing stored data and reconstructing images.
The wireless transmission circuit in the integrated module 6 is used for transmitting the reconstructed image to a computer with a wireless receiving function in a wireless mode.
The power supply driving circuit 7 is used for converting the electric energy provided by the power supply 10 into voltage output with different specifications required in the system.
The image display circuit 8 is used for displaying the reconstructed image data under the control of the microprocessor ARM unit to form a real-time image.
The LCD display 9 is responsible for displaying real-time images.
The power supply 10 provides a power supply for the entire palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus.
The acquisition switch 11 controls excitation and acquisition of photoacoustic signals through a synchronous trigger circuit in the integrated module 6.
The power switch 12 controls the power supply of the palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus.
The USB charging interface 13 is used to charge the power supply 10.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the input voltages of the upper light source driving circuit 5-1 and the lower light source driving circuit 5-2 are 16V, the pulse width of the driving current supplied from the upper light source driving circuit 5-1 and the lower light source driving circuit 5-2 to the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 is in the range of 10ns to 500ns, the pulse repetition frequency is in the range of 1KHz to 6KHz, and the current size is in the range of 20A to 100A. During normal operation, the driving current excites the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 to emit light, and by utilizing the characteristic of quick response of the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2, pulse light with a narrow pulse width can be obtained, so that the photoacoustic conversion efficiency is improved, and the signal to noise ratio is improved; the high pulse repetition frequency of the driving current can be used for rapidly acquiring a plurality of signals in a short time and averaging the signals, so that the problem of low signal-to-noise ratio caused by relatively low pulse energy of the signals is solved; when driven by pulses of high current (50A-70A), the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 can be made to provide a light output power far exceeding that of their normal continuous operation, improving their signal to noise ratio.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 adopt a plurality of high-power monochromatic LED lamps and LD lamps, the wavelength of the LED lamps is 520nm (+ -10 nm), the maximum input direct current is 10.5A, the wavelength of the LD lamps is 905nm, the output power is 130W, the LED lamps and the LD lamps are connected in series, the LED lamps and the LD lamps can adopt a mode of a plurality of rows of linear arrays and circular arrays, and the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the ultrasonic detection array 1, and are irradiated together and overlapped with each other to form a rectangular overlapped light field with the length of 24.5mm and the width of 6 mm.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the upper optical shaping system 3-1 and the lower optical shaping system 3-2 each include a total reflection lens and a convex lens; the focal points of the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 are at the positions of the total reflection lenses; the total reflection lens refracts and reflects the passed excitation light beam and collimates the light beam into parallel light; the convex lens is positioned in front of the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2, and focuses parallel light into linear light, and the size of the light spot of the linear light is matched with the detection range of the ultrasonic detection array 1; the total reflection type lens and the convex lens are made of optical PMMA materials, and the light transmittance is 93%.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the ultrasonic probe array 1 includes an ultrasonic probe array housing, a matching layer, a piezoelectric material, a backing block, and a signal line; one end of the ultrasonic detection array, which receives/transmits ultrasonic, is tightly connected with the ultrasonic coupler; the ultrasonic detection array 1 comprises a linear array of 128 array elements, the central frequency is 7.5MHz, and the linear array is positioned between the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2; the ultrasonic detection array 1 is positioned at the center of the probe part, and the detection range is a rectangle with the length of 24.5mm and the width of 6 mm; the superimposed light field generated by the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 is right in front of the ultrasonic detection array 1; the electrical signals detected by the ultrasonic detection array 1 are transmitted to a signal amplifying circuit in the integrated module 6 through a signal wire.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the synchronous trigger circuit in the integrated module 6 is composed of a field programmable gate array FPGA, and is configured to provide synchronous trigger signals for the upper light source driving circuit 5-1, the lower light source driving circuit 5-2, and the signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6; the frequency and pulse width of the synchronous trigger signal can be set in advance in the FPGA; in particular, in this embodiment, the frequency of the synchronization trigger signal is 5KHz and the pulse width is 150ns.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the signal amplifying circuit in the integrated module 6 includes a low noise amplifier and a power amplifier. The low-noise amplifier amplifies the electric signals acquired by the ultrasonic detection array 1 and simultaneously suppresses noise in the system; the power amplifier further performs power amplification on the current amplified by the low-noise amplifier.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6 performs multi-path parallel analog/digital conversion on 128 paths of signals output by the signal amplification circuit in the integrated module 6, and stores the data in the EMMC memory.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the embedded chip used in the image reconstruction process by the microprocessor ARM unit in the integrated module 6 is an Exynos4412 chip of samsung company; the Exynos4412 chip integrates four 32-bit processor cores at 1.5GHz frequency and one GPU graphics core Mali400MP quad core. The average power consumption for a full CPU load of 1.5GHz was 0.9W. The running memory reaches 1G, the internal storage capacity EMMC reaches 4G, the number of chip pins reaches 804, and the number of input/output pins GPIO reaches 304.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the embedded system adopts a Linux system. The Linux system supports 32-bit and 64-bit hardware Linux and is a multi-tasking, multi-threading and multi-CPU supporting operating system. Linux is a free open-source operating system with stable system performance, can be customized and optimized into a specific embedded system, and is easy to develop and debug system software and application software.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the AP6181 module is adopted as the wireless transmission circuit in the integrated module 6; the AP6181 module is a single-frequency Wi-Fi module, adopts a Botong BCM43362 scheme, has the frequency of 2.4GHz, supports an Android/Linux/RTOS operating system, provides a wireless modem function, directly utilizes a sequence spread spectrum and OFDM/CCK technology, and integrates an IEEE 802.11b/g/n MAC, a baseband, a radio frequency, a power amplifier, a power management device, an SDIO 2.0 or an SPI interface.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the microprocessor ARM unit in the integrated module 6 transmits data to the LCD driver through the LCD controller in the LCD display 9; the LCD driver controls the liquid crystal molecules of each pixel to form a final image in the LCD panel 9.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the power supply uses a 16V lithium battery with a capacity of 5000mAH and a power of 42W, and is a cuboid with a length of 90mm, a width of 50mm and a height of 25mm, and is located in a battery box at the rear part of the imaging device; the USB charging interface 13 can be used for charging when the electric quantity is insufficient.
As shown in fig. 5, based on the above-mentioned palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus, the present embodiment further provides a palm photoacoustic imaging method, which includes the following steps:
(1) Closing a power switch, and supplying power by a power supply:
closing a power switch 12 of the image forming apparatus, said power source 10 starting to supply power to said upper power driving circuit 7; the power supply driving circuit 7 converts the electric energy provided by the power supply 10 into voltages with different specifications required by the ultrasonic detection array 1, the light source driving circuit 5-1, the lower light source driving circuit 5-2, the integrated module 6, the image display circuit 8 and the LCD display screen 9, and the system enters initialization;
(2) Closing an acquisition switch:
closing an acquisition switch of the imaging device, wherein a synchronous trigger circuit in the integrated module 6 sends a pulse trigger signal with the repetition frequency to the light source driving circuit 5-1 and the light source driving circuit 5-2 below; the light source driving circuit 5-1 and the lower light source driving circuit 5-2 respectively provide instantaneous heavy current with the repetition frequency of 5KHz, the current value of 70A and the pulse width of 150ns for the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 to drive LEDs/LDs in the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 to emit light; the light emitted from the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 is respectively emitted from the upper LED/LD light source port 2-1 and the lower LED/LD light source port 2-2 after passing through the upper optical shaping system 3-1 and the lower optical shaping system 3-2 respectively and being focused; the emergent light beams are converged right in front of the ultrasonic detection array 1 at the head of the palm photoacoustic imaging device.
(3) Collecting photoacoustic signals:
coating a small amount of ultrasonic coupling liquid on the surface of an imaging object, and attaching the imaging object to the front of the ultrasonic detection array 1 of the head of the palm photoacoustic imaging device; the synchronous trigger circuit in the integrated module 6 sends a synchronous trigger signal to the signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6, and the synchronous trigger signal controls the 128 paths of channels in the signal acquisition circuit to acquire and receive the photoacoustic signal excited by the pulse light; the photoacoustic signals excited by the upper light source array 4-1 and the lower light source array 4-2 are collected by the ultrasonic detection array 1, and the photoacoustic signals are converted into analog electrical signals;
(4) Signal amplification:
the signal amplifying circuit in the integrated module 6 further amplifies the weak analog electric signal generated by the ultrasonic detection array 1: the low noise amplifier in the signal amplifying circuit amplifies the analog electric signal and simultaneously suppresses noise; the power amplifier in the signal amplifying circuit further performs power amplification on the analog electric signal amplified by the low-noise amplifier;
(5) Signal a/D pack:
analog electric signals amplified by the signal amplifying circuit in the integrated module 6 are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the signal acquisition circuit in the integrated module 6, converted into digital electric signals, and stored;
(6) Image reconstruction and real-time display:
the microprocessor ARM unit in the integrated module 6 performs data analysis, processing and image reconstruction on the stored digital electric signal data to obtain photoacoustic images reflecting the specific absorption of different substances in an imaging object to excitation light, and the photoacoustic images are displayed in real time through the LCD display screen 9; the reconstructed image data may also be transmitted to an external computer via a wireless transmission circuit in the integrated module 6.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a light source driving circuit, a light source array, an optical shaping system, an ultrasonic detection array, a signal amplifying circuit, a signal acquisition circuit, a microprocessor ARM unit, an image display circuit, a wireless transmission circuit, a synchronous trigger circuit and a power supply; the light source driving circuit, the light source array and the optical shaping system are sequentially connected; the ultrasonic detection array, the signal amplifying circuit, the signal acquisition circuit and the microprocessor ARM unit are sequentially connected; the microprocessor ARM unit is respectively connected with the image display circuit and the wireless transmission circuit; the synchronous trigger circuit is respectively connected with the light source driving circuit and the signal acquisition circuit; the power supply is respectively connected with the light source driving circuit, the synchronous trigger circuit, the signal amplifying circuit, the signal acquisition circuit, the microprocessor ARM unit, the image display circuit and the wireless transmission circuit;
the light source driving circuit is used for providing driving current for the light source array and controlling pulse excitation of the light source array; the pulse width range of the driving current in the light source driving circuit is 10ns-500ns, the pulse voltage repetition frequency range is 1KHz-6KHz, and the current size range is 20A-100A;
the light source array is used as an excitation light source of the photoacoustic signal and used for exciting an imaging object to generate the photoacoustic signal; the light source array consists of a plurality of high-power monochromatic LEDs/LDs, the LEDs/LDs are in linear arrangement, the LEDs/LDs are connected in series, and the light source array is distributed on two sides of the ultrasonic detection array;
the optical shaping system is used for shaping and focusing the scattered light spots emitted by the light source array; the optical shaping system comprises a total reflection lens and a convex lens; the light source array is positioned at the focus of the total reflection lens; the total reflection lens collimates the scattered light of the light source array into parallel light; the convex lens is positioned right in front of the total reflection type lens and is used for focusing parallel light into linear light; the size of the light spot of the linear light is matched with the detection range of the ultrasonic detection array;
the ultrasonic detection array is used for capturing a photoacoustic signal excited by an imaging object and converting the photoacoustic signal into an analog electrical signal;
the signal amplifying circuit is used for further amplifying the analog electric signal;
the signal acquisition circuit is used for carrying out multipath parallel analog/digital conversion and storage on the amplified analog signals;
the microprocessor ARM unit is used for processing stored data and reconstructing images;
the image display circuit is used for displaying the reconstructed image data under the control of the ARM unit of the microprocessor to form a real-time image; the microprocessor ARM unit filters and averages the stored photoacoustic data and reconstructs an image of the data through an imaging algorithm; the microprocessor ARM unit transmits data to the LCD driver through a controller of an LCD in the LCD display screen; the LCD driver controls the liquid crystal molecules of each pixel point to form a final image;
the wireless transmission circuit is used for transmitting the reconstructed image to a computer with a wireless receiving function in a wireless mode;
the synchronous trigger circuit is used for providing synchronous trigger signals of the light source driving circuit and the signal acquisition circuit in parallel.
2. A palm photo acoustic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the illumination stack forms a rectangular stack field of light having a length of 24.5mm and a width of 6 mm.
3. A palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasound probe array comprises a linear array of 128 array elements with a center frequency of 7.5MHz between the two arrays of light sources; the ultrasonic detection array is positioned at the center of the probe part, and the detection range is a rectangle with the length of 24.5mm and the width of 6 mm; the superimposed light field generated by the light source array is directly in front of the ultrasound probe array.
4. The palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal acquiring circuit is controlled by a field programmable gate array FPGA for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the analog data inputted in parallel in multiple ways and storing the data.
5. The palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the wireless transmission circuit transmits the image reconstructed data from the SPI interface to the Wi-Fi transmitting terminal; the Wi-Fi transmitting end is used for transmitting and uploading data to the computer.
6. A palm photoacoustic imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power source has a capacity of 5000mAH and a power of 42W and is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped having a length of 90mm, a width of 50mm and a height of 25 mm.
7. A palm photoacoustic imaging method based on the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
the pulse light emitted by the light source array excites an imaging object, and the photoacoustic signal is excited by the thermoelastic effect;
collecting a photoacoustic signal generated by the imaging object through an ultrasonic detection array, and converting the photoacoustic signal into an analog electrical signal;
the analog electric signal output by the ultrasonic detection array is further amplified by a signal amplifying circuit;
the amplified analog signals are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion through a signal acquisition circuit, and the analog electrical signals are converted into digital signals and stored;
performing data processing and image reconstruction on the stored data through a microprocessor ARM unit to obtain a photoacoustic image reflecting the specific absorption of different substances in an imaging object to excitation light, and displaying the photoacoustic image in real time through an LCD display screen;
and transmitting the image data after image reconstruction to a computer through a wireless transmission circuit.
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