CN103389273A - Photo-acoustic and optical integrated multi-mode imaging system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photo-acoustic and optical integrated multi-mode imaging system. The system comprises a sample loading module, a photo-acoustic imaging module, an optical imaging module and a computer, wherein the sample loading module is used for loading a to-be-tested biological tissue; light paths of the photo-acoustic imaging module and the optical imaging module adopt 'cross' structures; the photo-acoustic imaging module and the optical imaging module share the sample loading module as an intersection center; the photo-acoustic imaging module is used for carrying out photo-acoustic imaging on the to-be-tested biological tissue; the optical imaging module is used for carrying out optical imaging on the to-be-tested biological tissue; the computer is respectively connected with the sample loading module, the photo-acoustic imaging module and the optical imaging module, so as to enable an operation time sequence of each module to be controlled and image data transmitted by the photo-acoustic imaging module and the optical imaging module to be processed. By adopting the photo-acoustic and optical integrated multi-mode imaging system, the defects of the traditional single photo-acoustic imaging and optical imaging mode can be overcome; relatively comprehensive anatomic structures and physiological function information are reflected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biomedical imaging technical field, relate in particular to the multi-mode imaging system of a kind of optoacoustic and optical fusion.
Background technology
Have benefited from the continuous progress of optical molecular probe and imaging means, the optical molecular image technology has obtained development at full speed in more than ten years in the past, and because of its high sensitivity, high specific, without ionising radiation, the characteristics such as with low cost, received increasing concern.The optical molecular probe technique makes the differentiation normal structure of high specific and tissue of interest (as tumour, blood vessel etc.) become possibility.How highly sensitive detection molecules probe in biological distribution situation so that react biosome physiology, pathological information is a major issue of iconography research.Because biological tissue has very strong absorption and scattering process to photon, cause the degree of depth of optical imagery limited, the spatial resolution that optical 3-dimensional is rebuild is lower.How further improving the precision of imaging depth and the three-dimensional reconstruction of optical imagery, is optical molecular image problem demanding prompt solution.For this reason, two of photon and interaction between substances kinds of physical influences---fluorescent effect and optoacoustic effect---fully excavated so that people can " see " and " hearing " light and biological tissue, molecular probe between interaction.Fluorescent effect refers to that when the high-energy short wavelength photons was injected Cucumber, the Electron absorption energy in material, from ground state transition to high level; Unstable while due to electronics, being in high level, will transit to low-lying level from high level, thereby give off energy, send the long fluorescent photon of wavelength.To discharge with the form of photon radiation the energy that is absorbed different from material in fluorescent effect, and in optoacoustic effect, photon irradiation, to the energy on material, is converted to heat energy, and then is converted into mechanical vibration, discharges the energy that absorbs with hyperacoustic form.By fluorescent effect and optoacoustic effect, these two kinds wide concerned image modes of fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging grow up respectively.
Imaging-PAM occupies an important position in the development of molecular image.Fluorescent molecular tomography (fluorescence molecular imaging, FMT), the fluorescence diffuse optical that is otherwise known as fault imaging (fluorescence diffuse optical tomography, FDOT), can realize the three-dimensional reconstruction of fluorescence signal.Due to fluorescent photon high scattering properties in vivo, cause the spatial resolution of fluorescence imaging lower, three-dimensional reconstruction also has very strong pathosis.For this reason, a lot of researchists introduce other image modes and make up the deficiency of Imaging-PAM.X-ray CT imaging and FMT imaging technique are merged, can utilize the high resolving power biosome anatomical structure that the CT imaging technique provides to improve the three-dimensional reconstruction quality of fluorescence signal as prior imformation., although but the CT imaging can provide high-resolution structural information, inevitably have ionising radiation during the CT imaging, and the CT imaging is relatively low to the resolution of soft tissue.Except the CT imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI) also can be used for providing anatomical information for the optical 3-dimensional imaging.The MRI imaging not only can provide the soft tissue resolution of high-contrast, and the functional metabolism information of biosome can also be provided simultaneously.But optical image technology and MRI imaging are combined, need to produce the magnetic field of superelevation field intensity, this causes the volume ratio of imaging device larger, and equipment cost is higher, thereby has limited the development of this multi-modal fusion mode.Although it is pointed out that CT and MRI can provide the anatomical information of biosome, they all can't directly provide the optical parametric information (absorption coefficient of biological tissue and scattering coefficient) of biosome.How utilizing other image mode to obtain the optical specificity information of biological tissue, is a good problem to study thereby improve fluorescent three-dimensional fault imaging effect.
Different from fluorescence imaging, in photoacoustic imaging, what imaging system detected is the ultrasound wave that optoacoustic effect produces, thereby reflects the optical absorption characteristic of biological tissue by the initial sonic pressure field of rebuilding optoacoustic effect.Because ultrasound wave about little three orders of magnitude, therefore, can effectively be avoided the variety of issue that in fluorescence imaging, the scattering of fluorescent photon in biological tissue brings than the scattering coefficient of photon at the scattering coefficient that biological tissue propagates.In addition,, because hyperacoustic wavelength is smaller, therefore can obtain the mechanics of biological tissue information of high spatial resolution.Photoacoustic imaging combines the high contrast features of optical imagery and the high spatial resolution characteristic of ultrasonic imaging.Photoacoustic imaging is combined with fluorescence imaging, can utilize photoacoustic imaging to provide the organism optical specificity information for the fluorescent three-dimensional fault imaging, thereby effectively improve the imaging effect that fluorescent three-dimensional is rebuild.Due to sound wave at the propagation attenuation of biological tissue much smaller than light signal, so photoacoustic imaging has darker imaging depth.In conjunction with multispectral photoacoustic imaging technology, perhaps adopt the arc ultrasound transducer array, can realize toy whole body optoacoustic fault imaging.This difficult problem of the optical imagery that is fused to Form of fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging technology provides a kind of feasible solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing single photoacoustic imaging and single optical imagery mode, reflects more fully anatomical structure and physiological function information.
, for achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of optoacoustic and optical fusion multi-mode imaging system, this system comprises: sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module and computing machine, wherein:
Described sample carrier module is used for carrying biological tissue to be measured;
The light path of described photoacoustic imaging module and optical imagery module adopts " right-angled intersection " structure, both shares described sample carrier module, as the intersection center; Described photoacoustic imaging module is used for described biological tissue to be measured is carried out photoacoustic imaging, and described optical imagery module is used for described biological tissue to be measured is carried out optical imagery;
Described computing machine is connected respectively with described sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module, control with the work schedule to described sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module, and the view data of described photoacoustic imaging module and the transmission of optical imagery module is processed.。
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, a kind of fusion optoacoustic provided by the invention and optics multi-mode imaging system, can overcome the deficiency of single mode image-forming information, and more fully institutional framework and function information are provided.
2, imaging system provided by the invention can reach the effect that circulation promotes mutually by modeling, obtains image more accurately.
3, imaging system provided by the invention can be carried out the three-dimensional imaging of toy whole body.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram according to the optoacoustic of one embodiment of the invention and optical fusion multi-mode imaging system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to the photoacoustic imaging module of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation according to the fluorescence imaging module of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the optoacoustic of one embodiment of the invention and optical fusion multi-mode imaging system, as shown in Figure 1, described optoacoustic and optical fusion multi-mode imaging system comprise: sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module and computing machine, wherein:
Described sample carrier module is used for carrying biological tissue to be measured; It comprises for the fixed support of fixing described biological tissue to be measured, for the respirator that described biological tissue to be measured breathing environment is provided, for the parts such as rotation translation stage that drive described sample carrier module, make described sample carrier module can horizontally rotate and vertical displacement movement, and for biological tissue to be measured provides life, keep environment, drive biological tissue to be measured and move according to certain program.When toy is carried out imaging in vivo, the automatic physiological movement of toy can impact image quality, generation for fear of this situation, the present invention has also designed special-purpose toy fixed support, by fixing positions such as toy four limbs, heads, farthest reduce the amplitude of toy physiological movement, make toy keep form not change in imaging process, so as with the information fusion registration in later stage.
The light path of described photoacoustic imaging module and optical imagery module adopts " right-angled intersection " structure, both shares described sample carrier module, as the intersection center; Described photoacoustic imaging module is used for described biological tissue to be measured is carried out photoacoustic imaging, and described optical imagery module is used for described biological tissue to be measured is carried out optical imagery.
Described computing machine is connected respectively with described sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module, control with the work schedule to described sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module, and the view data of described photoacoustic imaging module and the transmission of optical imagery module is processed, described processing comprises the reconstruction of optoacoustic and fluoroscopic image, and the fusion registration of reconstructed image.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation according to the photoacoustic imaging module of one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, described photoacoustic imaging module comprises: pulsed laser, tunable pulsed laser device, optical devices, ultrasonic transducer, data acquisition unit, mechanical framework, wherein:
Described pulsed laser is used to rear class tunable pulsed laser device that pumping source is provided, in photoacoustic imaging, usually use and transfer the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser (Q-switch Nd:YAG laser) of Q that the excitaton source laser pulse is provided, it is a kind of nanosecond solid state laser, and it is burnt that single pulse energy can reach the hundreds of milli;
Described tunable pulsed laser device is subjected to the driving of prime pulsed laser, the all adjustable pulse laser output of wavelength and energy is provided, to be used for multispectral photoacoustic imaging, in an embodiment of the present invention, the tunable wave band of the pulse laser that described wavelength is adjustable is 680nm～960nm;
Described optical devices are positioned at the rear class of described tunable pulsed laser device, it adopts two bundle multimode optical fibers, after the pulse laser output of the described tunable pulsed laser device that has been coupled, shine the biological tissue to be measured that is placed on the sample carrier module from two relative directions, to increase the degree of depth of imaging;
Described ultrasonic transducer is positioned at the rear of described sample carrier module, drive by the rotation translation stage scans for described biological tissue to be measured, to realize the three-dimensional imaging of biological tissue to be measured, and the photoacoustic signal that will receive in photoacoustic imaging is converted to electric signal.Imaging depth, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and image resolution ratio are all the problems that need to consider while selecting ultrasonic transducer, and some important parameters of ultrasonic transducer comprise: sensitivity, centre frequency, bandwidth, probe size, array number and shape etc.In an embodiment of the present invention, can adopt the arcs of recesses ultrasonic transducer of 128 array elements, centre frequency is 5MHz;
Described data acquisition unit is positioned at the final stage of described photoacoustic imaging module, and it is used for ultra-weak electronic signal that described ultrasonic transducer is converted to and amplifies and quantize, and the electrical signal data after will amplifying and quantize is transferred to computing machine and carries out follow-up data processing; In an embodiment of the present invention, the sampling rate of described data acquisition unit is 40Msps, and quantization digit is 12;
Described mechanical framework comprises be used to the water tank that holds coupling liquid, for the devices such as connecting link of fixing described ultrasonic transducer.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation according to the optical imagery module of one embodiment of the invention, and as shown in Figure 3, described optical imagery module comprises: continuous wave laser, optical splitter, condenser lens, narrow band filter slice and cryogenic refrigeration CCD camera, wherein:
The continuous laser of described continuous wave laser emission fixed wave length, be used for the fluorescent material that is placed on the biological tissue to be measured inside on described sample carrier module is excited; Excitation spectrum and emission spectrum that oneself is arranged due to each fluorescent material, in order more effectively to produce fluorescence excitation, usually select near the laser instrument of wavelength fluorescent material excitation spectrum peak wavelength as excitation source, therefore,, in order to carry out the excitation experiment of different fluorescent materials, often need multi-wavelength's continuous wave laser;
Optical splitter is positioned at the rear class of described continuous wave laser, is used for the single beam of described continuous wave laser is divided into two bundles, and on a branch of condenser lens that shines rear class, another bundle shines in biological tissue to be measured by coupling fiber.
In existing FMT reconstruction algorithm, isotropic pointolite of all excitation source being regarded as the next transmission of skin free path position, in order to reach such effect, need the exciting light will incide in biological tissue to be measured to focus on the little point of trying one's best, and the effect that is positioned at the described condenser lens of described optical splitter rear class is exactly that the continuous laser that described continuous wave laser sends is focused on a point in the biological tissue to be measured that is placed on the sample carrier module;
Described narrow band filter slice is positioned at the front of cryogenic refrigeration CCD camera lens, is used for filtering exciting light and the environment parasitic light of described continuous wave laser output.
Described cryogenic refrigeration CCD camera is positioned at the final stage of described optical imagery module, and its fluorescence that is used for biological tissue to be measured is excited carries out signals collecting; Fluorescence excitation is normally fainter, need to carry out signals collecting with the CCD camera of cryogenic refrigeration, such as the CCD camera of the CCD camera that can adopt liquid nitrogen refrigerating or semiconductor refrigerating.
During described system imaging, first utilize described photoacoustic imaging module to carry out photoacoustic imaging in water tank, then rise to biological tissue to be imaged waterborne, utilize described optical imagery module to carry out fluorescence imaging, then photoacoustic imaging data and fluorescence imaging data transmission are arrived computing machine, both image is carried out registration, with the information Overlapping display of same position.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an optoacoustic and optical fusion multi-mode imaging system, is characterized in that, this system comprises: sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module and computing machine, wherein:
Described sample carrier module is used for carrying biological tissue to be measured;
The light path of described photoacoustic imaging module and optical imagery module adopts " right-angled intersection " structure, both shares described sample carrier module, as the intersection center; Described photoacoustic imaging module is used for described biological tissue to be measured is carried out photoacoustic imaging, and described optical imagery module is used for described biological tissue to be measured is carried out optical imagery;
Described computing machine is connected respectively with described sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module, control with the work schedule to described sample carrier module, photoacoustic imaging module, optical imagery module, and the view data of described photoacoustic imaging module and the transmission of optical imagery module is processed.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sample carrier module comprises for the fixed support of fixing described biological tissue to be measured, for the respirator that described biological tissue to be measured breathing environment is provided, for the rotation translation stage that drives described sample carrier module.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described processing comprises the reconstruction of optoacoustic and fluoroscopic image, and the fusion registration of reconstructed image.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described photoacoustic imaging module comprises: pulsed laser, tunable pulsed laser device, optical devices, ultrasonic transducer, data acquisition unit, wherein:
Described pulsed laser is used to rear class tunable pulsed laser device that pumping source is provided;
Described tunable pulsed laser device is subjected to the driving of prime pulsed laser, provides all adjustable pulse laser output of wavelength and energy, to be used for multispectral photoacoustic imaging;
Described optical devices are positioned at the rear class of described tunable pulsed laser device, it adopts two bundle multimode optical fibers, after the pulse laser output of the described tunable pulsed laser device that has been coupled, shine the biological tissue to be measured that is placed on the sample carrier module from two relative directions, to increase the degree of depth of imaging;
Described ultrasonic transducer is positioned at the rear of described sample carrier module, drive by the rotation translation stage scans for described biological tissue to be measured, to realize the three-dimensional imaging of biological tissue to be measured, and the photoacoustic signal that will receive in photoacoustic imaging is converted to electric signal;
Described data acquisition unit is positioned at the final stage of described photoacoustic imaging module, and it is used for ultra-weak electronic signal that described ultrasonic transducer is converted to and amplifies and quantize, and the electrical signal data after will amplifying and quantize is transferred to computing machine and carries out follow-up data processing.
5. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described pulsed laser is for transferring the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of Q.
6. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the tunable wave band of the pulse laser that described tunable pulsed laser device provides is 680nm～960nm.
7. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transducer is the arcs of recesses ultrasonic transducer of 128 array elements, and centre frequency is 5MHz.
8. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the sampling rate of described data acquisition unit is 40Msps, and quantization digit is 12.
9. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described photoacoustic imaging module also comprises mechanical framework, and described mechanical framework comprises be used to the water tank that holds coupling liquid, for the connecting link of fixing described ultrasonic transducer.
10. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described optical imagery module comprises: continuous wave laser, optical splitter, condenser lens, narrow band filter slice and cryogenic refrigeration CCD camera, wherein:
The continuous laser of described continuous wave laser emission fixed wave length, be used for the fluorescent material that is placed on the biological tissue to be measured inside on described sample carrier module is excited;
Optical splitter is positioned at the rear class of described continuous wave laser, is used for the single beam of described continuous wave laser is divided into two bundles, and on a branch of condenser lens that shines rear class, another bundle shines in biological tissue to be measured by coupling fiber;
Described condenser lens is positioned at the rear class of described optical splitter, is used for the continuous laser that described continuous wave laser sends is focused on a point in the biological tissue to be measured that is placed on the sample carrier module;
Described narrow band filter slice is positioned at the front of cryogenic refrigeration CCD camera lens, is used for filtering exciting light and the environment parasitic light of described continuous wave laser output;
Described cryogenic refrigeration CCD camera is positioned at the final stage of described optical imagery module, and its fluorescence that is used for biological tissue to be measured is excited carries out signals collecting.
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