CN112589981B - Wet breaking process of concrete building blocks or plates - Google Patents
Wet breaking process of concrete building blocks or plates Download PDFInfo
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- CN112589981B CN112589981B CN202011436563.7A CN202011436563A CN112589981B CN 112589981 B CN112589981 B CN 112589981B CN 202011436563 A CN202011436563 A CN 202011436563A CN 112589981 B CN112589981 B CN 112589981B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/14—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
- B28B11/145—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting for dividing block-shaped bodies of expanded materials, e.g. cellular concrete
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/0018—Separating articles from each other
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wet breaking process of concrete blocks or plates, belonging to the field of concrete material production. The method comprises the steps of turning preparation, turning the blank body, steaming the blank body and the like, can change the vertically stacked blank body into a transverse stack, and carries out splitting operation on the transverse stacked blank body, thereby reducing the damage probability of the blank body during splitting and improving the yield of the building block or the plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete material production, and particularly relates to a wet breaking process of concrete blocks or plates.
Background
In the field of autoclaved aerated concrete material production, autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are porous concrete products prepared from siliceous materials (such as yellow sand) and calcareous materials (lime and cement) serving as raw materials through the procedures of batching and metering, stirring and pouring, static curing and cutting, autoclaved curing and the like. The autoclaved aerated concrete plate is a porous concrete product internally provided with a steel bar net cage with a certain specification, which is preset in the autoclaved aerated concrete block. However, in the production process of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks or plates, the siliceous material and the calcareous material undergo hydration reaction when being steamed at high temperature, so that the finished products of the blocks or plates are adhered together, and therefore, the finished products of the blocks and plates need to be separated.
At present, in the production industry of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks or plates, the production flow is roughly as follows: slurry pouring, standing, cutting, vertically placing a blank body, steaming in a kettle, breaking off and packaging a finished product. In the process, the blank is vertically placed in the thickness direction, namely a plurality of plates or building blocks are stacked together for steam curing, so that the finished plates or building blocks after steam curing are adhered between layers, and the adhesion separation is realized by adding a breaking device subsequently. Due to tight adhesion, the building blocks or the plates are frequently damaged during the breaking process, and particularly the plates are frequently broken after the breaking process, so that the qualification rate of the products is seriously influenced.
For example, the Chinese patent application number is: CN201420809208.3, published date: patent document 2015 6-17 discloses a block separator and a separating traction device thereof, wherein a bearing frame in the separating traction device is connected with a fixed clamping device through a bearing arm, a lifting arm of a lifting frame is connected with a movable clamping device, the lifting of the lifting frame on the bearing frame is realized through the pushing of a separating driving device between the bearing beam and the lifting beam, and the movable clamping device is driven to lift relative to the fixed clamping device.
Also, for example, the Chinese patent application number is: CN201920696234.2, published date: the patent document of 28 days 2.2020 discloses a sand aerated concrete block production mechanism, which comprises two third cross beams, wherein the two third cross beams are arranged in parallel, the bottom surfaces of the third cross beams are respectively provided with a vertically downward supporting rod body, a plurality of first cross beams are arranged between the supporting rod bodies, the first cross beams are arranged in a layered manner from top to bottom, two ends of each first cross beam are respectively connected with a guide seat, the supporting rod bodies penetrate through the guide seats, and the guide seats are connected with the supporting rod bodies through linear bearings; the supporting rod bodies are fixedly arranged on the mounting base; the connecting plates which extend outwards and are horizontally arranged are arranged on the outer side of the guide seat, and two first through openings are formed in the middle of the guide seat. This practicality can be disposable will be built the fragment of brick tight simultaneously, under the drive of promotion hydro-cylinder for the brick successive layer separates, and the operation is broken off with the fingers and thumb to the polylith brick body once only, and the process is simple and practical, convenient operation.
The concrete separating equipment in the two schemes performs separating treatment on vertically stacked blanks, the blanks are bonded tightly, the blanks are easy to damage during separating, and particularly, the plates are broken after being separated frequently, so that the qualification rate of products is seriously influenced. In addition, steam curing devices in existing equipment steam cure the oppositely stacked green bodies, so that after the green bodies are cut by the existing cutting devices, the cut green bodies are stacked vertically for convenience of stacking, and even if the green bodies are separated before steam curing, the green bodies are adhered tightly due to self gravity. However, in the prior art, there is no process for separating the horizontally stacked green bodies, and more specifically, there is no process for separating the green bodies after the green bodies are first horizontally stacked.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention provides a wet breaking process of concrete blocks or plates, which aims to solve the problems that existing wet breaking systems of concrete blocks or plates are used for breaking bodies stacked oppositely, the bonding force between the bodies is tight, breaking failure is easy to cause, and the rate of finished products is reduced.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A wet breaking process of concrete blocks or plates comprises the following steps:
first, turning over preparation
The inner side surface of the transverse steam-curing bottom plate fixed by the turnover table is in a horizontal state, the transverse steam-curing bottom plate is conveyed to the turnover table to be fixed, the turnover table is turned over for 90 degrees, and then the vertical steam-curing bottom plate bearing the vertically stacked blanks is conveyed to the turnover table to be fixed;
second, overturning the blank
The overturning platform 103 overturns for 90 degrees, so that the inner side surface of the fixed transverse steam-curing bottom plate is in a horizontal state;
thirdly, steam curing the blank
And (3) conveying the transverse steam curing bottom plate loaded with the green bodies to a transverse steam curing track, conveying the transverse steam curing bottom plate to a wet breaking machine for breaking off, returning the green bodies to a vertical stacking state after breaking off is finished, and conveying the green bodies to a steam curing device for steam curing.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a wet breaking system of concrete blocks or plates is adopted, and the wet breaking system comprises a vertically placed steam curing bottom plate, a semi-finished product crane, a turnover machine, a horizontally placed steam curing bottom plate and a wet breaking machine; the vertical steam curing bottom plate is arranged on the cutting conveying track, and the transverse steam curing bottom plate is arranged on the transverse steam curing track; the cutting conveying track and the transverse steam curing track are respectively arranged on two sides of the turnover machine; the semi-finished product crane is positioned above the turnover machine, and the wet breaking machine is positioned on the transverse steam curing track;
the turnover machine comprises a turnover base, a turnover shaft and a turnover table; the overturning shaft is rotatably arranged on the overturning base and is fixedly connected with the overturning platform; the overturning platform is of an L-shaped structure, and fixing devices for fixing the steam-curing bottom plate are arranged on the inner side surfaces of two sides of the overturning platform.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the cutting device is further included, and the cutting conveying track is connected with the cutting device.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the steam curing machine further comprises a stacking crane and a steam curing conveying device, wherein the stacking crane is positioned above the transverse steam curing track, and the steam curing conveying device is arranged on one side of the transverse steam curing track.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the turnover machine further comprises a vertical steam curing track, and the vertical steam curing track is positioned on one side of the turnover machine.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the wet breaking machine comprises a base, a pair of frames arranged on two sides of the base and a transverse driving device for driving the frames to move along the direction perpendicular to the feeding direction, wherein a bottom plate conveying device for conveying a transverse steam curing bottom plate is arranged on the base, and a breaking component is arranged on the frames, and the wet breaking machine is characterized in that: the breaking-off subassembly comprises an upper breaking-off device, a lower breaking-off device and a lifting device;
the upper breaking-off device comprises an upper breaking-off telescopic mechanism and an upper clamping piece, the upper breaking-off telescopic mechanism is installed at the upper end of the rack, and a telescopic piece of the upper breaking-off telescopic mechanism extends downwards and is connected with the upper clamping piece;
the lower breaking-off device comprises a lower breaking-off telescopic mechanism and a lower clamping piece; the lifting device is arranged on the lower end face of the rack; the downward breaking-off telescopic mechanism is arranged on the lifting device, and a telescopic piece of the downward breaking-off telescopic mechanism extends upwards and is connected with a lower clamping piece.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the lifting device comprises a lifting motor, a lifting speed reducer, a lifting rotating shaft and a screw rod lifting mechanism; the lifting motor is in transmission connection with a lifting speed reducer, and the lifting speed reducer drives a lifting rotating shaft to rotate; the screw rod lifting mechanisms are provided with a plurality of screw rod lifting mechanisms which are arranged along the length direction of the rack and fixedly connected with the rack, the lifting rotating shafts are in screw transmission connection with the screw rods of the screw rod lifting mechanisms, and the upper ends of the screw rods of the screw rod lifting mechanisms are connected with the lower separating telescopic mechanisms through bearings.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the lifting device further comprises a lifting guide mechanism, wherein the lifting guide mechanism comprises a connecting block, a vertical guide rail and a vertical sliding seat; the vertical guide rail is arranged on the connecting block and extends along the height direction, the connecting block is fixedly connected with the lower breaking and splitting telescopic mechanism, and the vertical sliding seat is fixedly installed on the rack and matched with the vertical guide rail.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the transverse driving device comprises a transverse motor, a transverse speed reducer, a transverse rotating shaft, a screw and nut mechanism and a pushing seat; the transverse motor is in transmission connection with a transverse speed reducer, and the transverse speed reducer drives the transverse rotating shaft to rotate; the plurality of screw rod nut mechanisms are arranged along the length direction of the rack and are fixedly connected with the rack, and the transverse rotating shaft is in screw transmission connection with the screw rods of the plurality of screw rod nut mechanisms; the pushing seat is arranged on the side edge of the base, and one end of a lead screw of the lead screw nut mechanism is connected with the pushing seat through a bearing; the base is provided with a transverse guide rail which extends perpendicular to the feeding direction, and the lower end of the rack is provided with a transverse sliding block matched with the transverse guide rail.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the upper breaking-off device further comprises an upper base mounted at the upper end of the frame, and the lower breaking-off device further comprises a lower base mounted at the lower end of the frame; the upper breaking-off telescopic mechanism is provided with a plurality of rows vertical to the feeding direction and is fixedly arranged on the upper base; the downward breaking-off telescopic mechanism is provided with a plurality of rows vertical to the feeding direction and is fixedly arranged on the lower base.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the transverse steam-curing bottom plate comprises a pair of parallel side plates, and the side plates are connected through a long-strip block; the long blocks are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the side plates; the upper ends of the telescopic pieces of the row of downward snapping telescopic mechanisms are connected with a strip seat; the strip seat extends along the feeding direction, and a plurality of lower clamping pieces are arranged on the strip seat at equal intervals along the length direction of the strip seat.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the device also comprises a bottom plate positioning device, wherein the bottom plate positioning device comprises a positioning frame and a positioning cylinder; the positioning frame is fixedly arranged on the base and is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the base up and down; the cylinder body of the positioning cylinder is fixedly arranged on the positioning frame, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder extends upwards and penetrates through the through hole; and the side plate is provided with a positioning hole for the piston rod to pass through.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the bottom plate conveying devices are provided with a plurality of bottom plate conveying devices which are arranged on the base along the feeding direction and comprise a pair of conveying seats, a conveying motor, a conveying shaft and wheels; the conveying seat is fixedly arranged on the base; the conveying motor is fixedly arranged on one conveying seat, an output shaft of the conveying motor is in transmission connection with one end of the conveying shaft, and the other end of the conveying shaft is connected with the other conveying seat through a bearing; the wheels are fixedly sleeved on the conveying shaft.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the wet breaking process for the concrete blocks or plates, the vertically stacked blanks can be converted into a horizontally stacked state and sent to the wet breaking machine for wet breaking, so that the problem that the blanks are damaged when the vertically stacked blanks are broken is solved;
(2) according to the wet breaking-off process of the concrete blocks or plates, the wet breaking-off machine can break off the transversely stacked blanks through the transverse driving device, the upper breaking-off device, the lower breaking-off device and the lifting device, so that the conditions that the blanks are high in bonding force and easy to damage and even break off failure caused by the gravity of the blanks when the blanks which are vertically stacked are broken off by a traditional breaking-off machine are avoided, the wet breaking-off machine is ingenious in structure, high in breaking-off efficiency and accuracy and difficult to damage the blanks, and the yield of the concrete blocks or plates is improved;
(3) according to the wet breaking process for the concrete blocks or plates, the lifting guide mechanism is arranged, so that the direction accuracy of the breaking-off device during lifting can be ensured, the clamping precision of the blank body is improved, and the blank body is prevented from being damaged in the clamping process;
(4) according to the wet breaking process of the concrete blocks or plates, the transverse driving device and the lifting device are driven by a single motor, and the plurality of screw nut mechanisms or the screw lifting mechanisms are driven to work synchronously through the rotating shafts rotating synchronously, so that the working synchronism among the plurality of screw nut mechanisms or the screw lifting mechanisms is ensured, the breaking precision of green bodies is enhanced, and the green bodies are prevented from being damaged;
(5) according to the wet breaking process of the concrete blocks or plates, the upper breaking device and the lower breaking device are respectively provided with the multi-row telescopic mechanisms and the clamping pieces, and blank clamping operation can be selectively performed by adopting single-row telescopic mechanisms or multi-row telescopic mechanisms with different sizes according to blanks with different thicknesses, so that the application range of the wet breaking machine to the thickness of the blanks is increased, and the practicability of the wet breaking machine is improved;
(6) according to the wet breaking process of the concrete building blocks or plates, the upper end of the telescopic piece of the downward breaking and splitting telescopic mechanism is connected with the strip seat, the strip seat is provided with the lower clamping pieces, the lower end of the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate is provided with the strip blocks which are arranged at intervals, and gaps for the lower clamping pieces to penetrate through are formed among the strip blocks;
(7) according to the wet breaking process of the concrete blocks or plates, the base is provided with the positioning device matched with the positioning hole in the transverse steam-curing bottom plate, so that the transverse steam-curing bottom plate can be positioned after the transverse steam-curing bottom plate reaches a preset position, and the phenomenon that the blank body is damaged and fails to be broken due to movement of the transverse steam-curing bottom plate in the blank clamping process is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the wet-severing machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the base and its mounting assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the frame and its mounting assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lateral driving device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the floor transport device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the breaking-off device;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the downward severing device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the lifting device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the elevation guide mechanism;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal steam-curing soleplate;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a base plate positioning device;
fig. 12 to 17 are schematic diagrams illustrating a workflow for breaking off;
fig. 18 is an overall structural view of the wet break system;
fig. 19 to 24 are schematic views of the operation of the tilter;
FIG. 25 is a schematic structural view of a vertically arranged steam-curing soleplate;
FIG. 26 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal steam-curing soleplate;
in the figure:
1. a base;
2. a frame;
3. a lateral drive device; 31. a transverse motor; 32. a transverse speed reducer; 33. a transverse rotating shaft; 34. a lead screw nut mechanism; 35. pushing the base; 36. a transverse guide rail; 37. a transverse slide block;
4. a floor transport device; 41. a conveying seat; 42. a conveying motor; 43. a delivery shaft; 44. a wheel;
5. the severing member; 51. an upper breaking-off device; 511. an upward breaking-off telescopic mechanism; 512. an upper clamp; 513. an upper base; 52. a downward severing device; 521. a downward breaking-off telescopic mechanism; 522. a lower clamp; 523. a lower base; 524. a strip seat; 53. a lifting device; 531. a lifting motor; 532. a lifting speed reducer; 533. a lifting rotating shaft; 534. a screw rod lifting mechanism; 54. a lifting guide mechanism; 541. connecting blocks; 542. a vertical guide rail; 543. a vertical slide carriage;
6. horizontally placing the steam-curing bottom plate; 61. a side plate; 62. a long bar block; 63. positioning holes;
7. a base plate positioning device; 71. a positioning frame; 72. positioning the air cylinder;
8. vertically placing a steam-curing bottom plate;
9. a semi-finished product crane;
10. a turnover machine; 101. turning over the base; 102. a turning shaft; 103. a turning table; 104. a fixing device; 105. a green body receiving device;
11. cutting the conveying track;
12. horizontally placing the steam-curing track;
13. a cutting device;
14. a stacking crane;
15. a steam curing conveying device;
16. and (5) vertically placing the steam-curing track.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Examples
A wet breaking-off system of concrete blocks or plates is used for breaking-off concrete bodies before steam curing, and the specific structure and the working principle of the wet breaking-off system are described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 18, the system includes a cutting device 13, a cutting conveying rail 11, a semi-finished product crane 9, a turnover machine 10, a transverse steam curing rail 12, a wet-breaking machine, a stacking crane 14, and a steam curing conveying device 15.
Wherein, cutting device 13 is used for cutting the concrete body to the body that will cut is put immediately and is piled up together, and this is because it is more convenient to put immediately to the body that cuts, piles up neatly more, if directly transversely pile up the body, the operation is comparatively troublesome on the one hand, and the body scatters easily impaired, and the uneven condition of piling up also appears easily to the body on the other hand, influences follow-up splitting and steam curing to the body.
The cutting conveying track 11 is positioned at one side of the turnover machine 10, one end of the cutting conveying track is connected with the cutting device 13, and the other end of the cutting conveying track extends to the turnover machine 10. The cutting conveying track 11 is provided with a conveying trolley on which the vertically-arranged steam-curing bottom plate 8 is positioned, as shown in fig. 25, the vertically-arranged stacked blanks are conveyed to the vertically-arranged steam-curing bottom plate 8 from the cutting device 13, and then the conveying trolley conveys the vertically-arranged stacked blanks to the turnover machine 10.
The transverse steam curing track 12 is arranged on the other side of the turnover machine 10, the wet breaking machine is positioned on the transverse steam curing track 12, the transverse steam curing track 12 is also provided with a conveying trolley, and the conveying trolley is provided with a transverse steam curing bottom plate 6. The stacking crane 14 is positioned above the transverse steam curing track 12, the steam curing conveying device 15 is arranged on one side of the transverse steam curing track 12, the semi-finished product crane 9 is arranged above the turnover machine 10, meanwhile, a vertical steam curing track 16 is also arranged on one side of the turnover machine 10, and the vertical steam curing track 16 also comprises a conveying trolley.
As shown in fig. 19, the inverting machine 10 mainly includes an inverting base 101, an inverting shaft 102, and an inverting table 103. Wherein, the overturning shaft 102 is rotatably installed on the overturning base 101 and fixedly connected with the overturning platform 103, the overturning base 101 is provided with a motor for controlling the overturning shaft 102 to rotate, an output shaft of the motor is in transmission connection with the overturning shaft 102, and the motor can drive the overturning shaft 102 to rotate when working, so as to drive the overturning platform 103 to rotate. The overturning platform 103 is of an L-shaped structure, and fixing devices 104 for fixing the steam-curing bottom plate are arranged on the inner side surfaces of two sides of the overturning platform. The fixing device 104 is mainly used for fixing the vertically placed steam curing bottom plate 8 and the horizontally placed steam curing bottom plate 6, and can adopt common forms such as a clamping jaw, a jacking cylinder and the like, and the following specific examples are given to one of the forms: fixing device 104 adopts the structure that both ends on one of them medial surface of roll-over table 103 set up a motor and a fixed plate respectively, and the output shaft of motor passes through lead screw nut mechanism and connects a locking plate, and the locking plate lower extreme is equipped with the slider, is equipped with on this medial surface with slider assorted spout, will evaporate foster bottom plate and put the back between fixed plate and locking plate, only need driving motor work to make the locking plate remove to the fixed plate, reduce the interval between the two, realize the locking to evaporating foster bottom plate.
As described above, the structure of the wet-breaking system in this embodiment is a concrete work of the wet-breaking system on a blank, and the embodiment provides a wet-breaking process for a concrete block or a concrete slab, which includes the following steps:
third, preparation for turning over
Before starting, as shown in fig. 19, the inner side surface of the horizontal steam-curing floor panel 6 fixed to the turn-over table 103 of the turn-over machine 10 is made horizontal, and the horizontal steam-curing floor panel 6 is transferred to the turn-over table 103 and fixed thereto by the half-finished crane 9. Next, as shown in fig. 20, the turn-over table 103 is turned over by 90 °, the inner side surface of the turn-over table 103 fixed and vertically placed steam curing bottom plate 8 is made horizontal, and the horizontal steam curing bottom plate 6 is vertically fixed to the turn-over table 103.
The vertically placed steam-cured bottom plate 8 carrying the vertically placed and stacked blanks is conveyed to an overturning machine 10 through a conveying trolley on a cutting conveying track 11, and then as shown in fig. 21, a semi-finished product crane 9 conveys the vertically placed steam-cured bottom plate 8 and the vertically placed and stacked blanks thereon to an overturning table 103 for fixing.
Fourthly, turning over the blank
As shown in fig. 22, the turning machine 10 is operated, the turning table 103 is turned by 90 ° to make the inner side surface of the fixed horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6 horizontal, and at this time, the green bodies are transferred from the vertical steam-curing bottom plate 8 to the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6, and the vertical stacking is changed into the horizontal stacking.
Thirdly, steam curing the blank
The semi-finished product crane 9 sends the horizontal steam curing bottom plate 6 carrying the horizontal stacked green bodies shown in fig. 26 to a conveying trolley of the horizontal steam curing track 12, the conveying trolley sends the horizontal steam curing bottom plate 6 to a wet breaking-off machine, the horizontal stacked green bodies are broken off by the wet breaking-off machine, after the breaking-off is finished, the conveying trolley sends the horizontal steam curing bottom plate 6 to the lower part of the stacking crane 14, the stacking crane 14 lifts the green bodies to a steam curing vehicle in the steam curing conveying device 15, the green bodies are changed into a vertical stacked state again, and then the green bodies are sent to the steam curing device for steam curing.
Fourth, the tilter resets
As shown in fig. 23, after the blanks and the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6 are transported away, the vertical steam-curing bottom plate 8 still stays on the turnover table 103 and is in a vertical state, the turnover table 103 is turned over by 90 degrees, and the vertical steam-curing bottom plate 8 is changed into a horizontal state as shown in fig. 24, and then the vertical steam-curing bottom plate 8 is conveyed to a conveying trolley of the vertical steam-curing track 16 to prepare for receiving the cut blanks at the next time.
It should be noted that, in order to improve the breaking efficiency, two transverse steam curing rails 12 are provided in the present embodiment, when one of the transverse steam curing rails 12 conveys the green bodies to the wet breaking machine for breaking operation, the other transverse steam curing rail 12 conveys the new transverse steam curing bottom plate 6 to the turnover machine 10, and the semi-finished product crane 9 conveys the new transverse steam curing bottom plate 6 to the turnover table 103 reset in the step four for fixing, and the operations in the steps one to four are repeated.
The above is a specific wet-breaking process of the system, but the existing wet-breaking machine is difficult to break the transversely stacked blanks, and for this problem, the embodiment further provides a wet-breaking machine specially for the transversely stacked blanks.
The wet-breaking machine mainly comprises a base 1, a frame 2, a transverse driving device 3, a bottom plate conveying device 4, a breaking-off subassembly 5, a transverse steam-curing bottom plate 6 and a bottom plate positioning device 7, and the specific structure and the working principle of the wet-breaking machine are described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, a base 1 and a frame 2 are mounting bases of each device of the wet-break machine, wherein the frame 2 has a pair and is symmetrically mounted on both sides of the base 1. It should be noted that, the structures of the two racks 1 and the components mounted thereon are kept the same, and are all symmetrically arranged on the base 1, and this embodiment only describes a single rack 2 and its mounting components for convenience of description.
As shown in fig. 2, the floor transport device 4 has a plurality of transport seats 41 arranged on the base 1 in the feeding direction, and has a specific structure as shown in fig. 5, including a pair of transport seats 41, a transport motor 42, a transport shaft 43, and wheels 44. Wherein, a pair of delivery seat 41 symmetry fixed mounting is in both sides on base 1, and conveying motor 42 fixed mounting is on one of them delivery seat 41, and one of them one end of conveying axle 43 is connected in the output shaft transmission of conveying motor 42, and the other end of conveying axle 43 then passes through the bearing with another delivery seat 41 and is connected and be the level setting, and wheel 44 has two, the fixed both ends of cup jointing on conveying axle 43. The bottom of the transverse steam-curing bottom plate 6 is provided with a track and other structures matched with the wheels 44, and the track and other structures can be supported on the wheels 44. When the conveying motor 42 works, the conveying shaft 43 and wheels on the conveying shaft 43 can be driven to rotate, and the transverse steam-curing bottom plate 6 is controlled to move along the feeding direction. In order to facilitate the horizontal steam curing bottom plate 6 to be transferred to the bottom plate conveying device 4 from the horizontal steam curing track 12, the bottom plate conveying device 4 and the horizontal steam curing track 12 are at the same height and on the same straight line, so that the horizontal steam curing bottom plate 6 can be directly transferred to the bottom plate conveying device 4 from the horizontal steam curing track 12 and transferred to the horizontal steam curing track 12 again after the horizontal steam curing bottom plate is separated.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the transverse driving device 3 includes a transverse motor 31, a transverse speed reducer 32, a transverse rotating shaft 33, a screw-nut mechanism 34, and a pushing base 35. The transverse motor 31 is in transmission connection with a transverse speed reducer 32, and the transverse speed reducer 32 drives a transverse rotating shaft 33 to rotate. The plurality of screw nut mechanisms 34 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the frame 2 and are fixedly connected to the frame 2. Specifically, the bilateral symmetry of base 1 is equipped with two rows of pushing seats 35 of equidistant range, and the nut and the frame fixed connection of lead screw nut mechanism 34, lead screw perpendicular to pay-off direction level set up, and wherein one end of lead screw passes through the bearing with the pushing seat 35 of one side wherein of base 1 and is connected, and the other end outside cover of lead screw has the protective sheath of connecting on the nut, can prevent that external dust etc. from falling into on the lead screw, influence the lead screw and normally work. The transverse rotating shaft 33 penetrates through the nuts of the plurality of screw nut mechanisms 34 and is in screw transmission connection with each screw, so that when the transverse motor 31 works, the transverse rotating shaft 33 rotates to drive each screw to rotate, each nut moves along the screw, and the rack 2 fixedly connected with the nut is driven to move perpendicular to the feeding direction. The mode that the rotating shafts which rotate synchronously drive the plurality of lead screw nut mechanisms 34 to work synchronously can ensure the working synchronism among the plurality of lead screw nut mechanisms 34, enhance the splitting precision of the green bodies and avoid the damage of the green bodies.
As shown in fig. 3, the breaking-off assembly 5 includes an upper breaking-off means 51, a lower breaking-off means 52, a lifting means 53, and a lifting guide 54.
As shown in fig. 6, the upward snapping device 51 includes an upward snapping telescopic mechanism 511, an upper clip member 512, and an upper base 513. The upper base 513 is fixedly installed inside the upper end of the frame 2, and the upper snapping-off telescopic mechanism 511 and the upper clip 512 have a plurality of pairs. The upward snapping telescopic mechanism 511 is disposed on the upper base 513 at equal intervals perpendicular to the feeding direction, and the telescopic member extends downward along the height direction and is fixedly connected with an upper clamping member 512. In this embodiment, the upward snapping telescopic mechanism 511 is a cylinder, the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper base 513, the end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the upper clamping member 512, and three pairs of upward snapping telescopic mechanisms 511 and upper clamping members 512 are provided on a single base 513. The upward snapping-off means 51 has a plurality of upper snapping-off members arranged at equal intervals along the feeding direction at the upper end of the frame 1, and therefore, the present embodiment finally forms three rows of upper clips 512 arranged perpendicular to the feeding direction at the upper end of the frame 1.
As shown in fig. 8, the lifting device 53 is mounted on the lower end surface of the frame 2, and includes a lifting motor 531, a lifting speed reducer 532, a lifting rotating shaft 533, and a screw lifting mechanism 534. The lifting motor 531 is in transmission connection with a lifting speed reducer 532, and the lifting speed reducer 532 drives a lifting rotating shaft 533 to rotate. The plurality of screw lifting mechanisms 534 are arranged along the length direction of the rack 2 and fixedly connected with the rack 2, and the lifting rotating shaft 533 penetrates through the plurality of screw lifting mechanisms 534 and is in screw transmission connection with the screw therein. The lead screw of the lead screw lifting mechanism 534 extends along the height direction, the upper end of the lead screw is connected with the downward snapping device 52 through a bearing, and the outer side of the lower end is sleeved with a protective sleeve connected with the base of the lead screw lifting mechanism 534. The mode that the rotating shafts which rotate synchronously drive the plurality of lead screw lifting mechanisms 534 to work synchronously can ensure the working synchronism among the plurality of lead screw lifting mechanisms 534, enhance the splitting precision of the blank body and avoid the damage of the blank body.
As shown in fig. 7, the breaking-down device 52 has a plurality of pairs corresponding to the number of the lead screw elevating mechanisms 534, and includes a breaking-down expansion mechanism 521, a lower clip 522, and a lower base 523, and the breaking-down expansion mechanism 521 and the lower clip 522 have a plurality of pairs. The downward snapping telescopic mechanism 521 is disposed on the lower base 523 at equal intervals perpendicular to the feeding direction, and the telescopic member extends upward along the height direction and is fixedly connected to a lower clamping member 522. In this embodiment, the plurality of lower susceptors 523 are mounted together on a long connecting frame, and the lead screw of the lead screw elevating mechanism 534 is connected to the lower end surface of the connecting frame through a bearing. The downward breaking-off telescopic mechanism 521 is a cylinder, the cylinder body of the cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower base 523, the end part of a piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower clamping piece 522, and three pairs of downward breaking-off telescopic mechanisms 521 and the lower clamping piece 522 are arranged on a single base 523. The lower breaking-off devices 52 are arranged at equal intervals along the feeding direction at the lower end of the frame 1, so that three rows of lower clamping pieces 522 arranged perpendicular to the feeding direction are finally formed at the lower end of the frame 1, and the positions of each row of lower clamping pieces 522 and the plurality of rows of upper clamping pieces 512 of the upper breaking-off device 51 correspond to each other, i.e. are in the same height direction. In this embodiment, the pressure when the downward separating and stretching mechanism 521 extends needs to be greater than the pressure when the upward separating and stretching mechanism 511 extends, so that when the lifting device 53 jacks, the upward separating and stretching mechanism 511 contracts, and the green body is jacked up and is higher than the rest of the green bodies by a certain height, thereby completing the separating.
As shown in fig. 9, the plurality of lifting guide mechanisms 54 are arranged at equal intervals along the feeding direction, and each lifting guide mechanism includes a connecting block 541, a vertical guide rail 542, and a vertical sliding seat 543. Wherein, vertical guide rail 542 sets up on connecting block 541 and extends along the direction of height, and connecting block 541 breaks the link fixed connection of device 52 with breaking off with the fingers and thumb down, and vertical slide 543 fixed mounting is in frame 2 and cooperatees with vertical guide rail 542. The lifting guide mechanism 54 can ensure the direction accuracy of the downward separating device 52 during lifting, improve the clamping precision of the green body and prevent the green body from being damaged in the clamping process.
When clamping the blank, the cylinders of the upper breaking-off device 51 and the lower breaking-off device 52 which are positioned in the same height direction extend out to tightly push the upper end of one layer of blank, and the rest cylinders keep a contraction state. Then, the lifting device 53 works to drive the lower breaking-off device 52 to ascend, so that the upper clamping piece 512 and the lower clamping piece 522 clamp the green bodies, and then the transverse driving device 3 works to move the frame 2 and drive the clamped green bodies to move, thereby completing the breaking-off of a layer of green bodies. In actual work, when the blank thickness is small, the blank can be clamped only by selecting the single-row telescopic mechanism, when the blank thickness is large, the width of the clamping piece on the single-row telescopic mechanism is smaller than the blank thickness, so that the blank cannot be clamped, and at the moment, the blank can be clamped by adopting the joint work of the multiple-row telescopic mechanism. Therefore, according to the embodiment, the blank clamping operation can be selectively performed by adopting the single-row telescopic mechanisms or the multi-row telescopic mechanisms with different sizes according to the blanks with different thicknesses, the application range of the wet breaking machine to the thickness of the blanks is increased, and the practicability of the wet breaking machine is improved.
However, the above-mentioned way of clamping the blank up and down also has a certain problem, that is, the bottom of the existing horizontal steam-curing bottom plate is required to bear the blank, so the lower clamp 522 can not tightly push the blank from the lower part of the blank. In response to this problem, the present embodiment takes the following measures.
As shown in fig. 10, the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6 includes a pair of side plates 61 arranged in parallel, the side plates 61 are connected by a plurality of long blocks 62, the long blocks 62 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the side plates 61, and a gap through which the lower clamping member 522 can pass is formed between the adjacent long blocks 62. The upper ends of the telescopic members of the row of downward snapping telescopic mechanisms 521 are connected with a long seat 524, the long seat 524 extends along the feeding direction, and a plurality of lower clamping members 522 are arranged on the long seat 524 at equal intervals along the length direction and correspond to the gaps of the horizontally arranged steam-curing bottom plate 6 one by one. By the mode, the problem that the blank body on the traditional transverse steam curing bottom plate is difficult to clamp up and down is solved skillfully, the design is simple and skillful, and the installation and the operation are convenient.
Meanwhile, for the structure of the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6, the blank receiving device 105 capable of lifting is also arranged on the overturning platform 103. As shown in fig. 19, the blank receiving device 105 includes a lifting mechanism, such as an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, an electric push rod, etc., disposed on the turning table 103 for fixing the inner side surface of the horizontally placed steam-curing bottom plate 6, the lifting mechanism is provided with a receiving table, the receiving table is provided with a plurality of rows of support bars arranged at equal intervals, and each row of support bars is provided with a strip-shaped support bar. The width of the support strip is smaller than the gap between the long strip blocks 62, therefore, when the horizontally placed steam curing bottom plate 6 is fixed on the overturning platform 103, the lifting mechanism works, the support strip can penetrate through the gap between the long strip blocks 62 and is attached to the surface of the blank on the other inner side face of the overturning platform 103, after the overturning platform 103 overturns, the lifting mechanism controls the support strip to descend, and the blank is placed on the horizontally placed steam curing bottom plate 6. By the aid of the method, when the blank is transferred to the transverse steam-curing bottom plate 6 from the vertical steam-curing bottom plate 8, the lifting height of the lifting mechanism can be freely adjusted according to the size of the blank, so that the support bars are attached to the blank, and the blank cannot be attached to the transverse steam-curing bottom plate 6 during transfer to prevent the blank from being failed in transfer and damaged.
It is worth mentioning that, in order to prevent that the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6 from moving on the bottom plate conveying device 4 when clamping the blank body, thereby resulting in that the blank clamping precision is influenced, the blank body is impaired, even the problem of blank clamping failure appears, the embodiment has set up bottom plate positioner 7. As shown in fig. 11, the bottom plate positioning device 7 includes a positioning frame 71 and a positioning cylinder 72, wherein the positioning frame 71 is fixedly mounted on the base 1, and a through hole is formed in the positioning frame to penetrate through the base. The cylinder body of the positioning cylinder 72 is fixedly mounted on the positioning frame 71, the piston rod of the positioning cylinder extends upwards and penetrates through the through hole, meanwhile, the side plate 61 is provided with a positioning hole 63 for the piston rod to penetrate through, and a plurality of positioning holes 63 are formed in the single side plate 61 along the length direction of the single side plate in the embodiment. After the transverse steam-curing bottom plate 6 reaches a preset position, a piston rod of the positioning cylinder 72 extends upwards to penetrate through the positioning hole 63 in the side plate 61, so that the transverse steam-curing bottom plate 63 stays at the preset position, and the phenomenon that the blank body is damaged and fails to be broken due to movement of the transverse steam-curing bottom plate in the blank clamping process is prevented. In order to further enhance the positioning effect on the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6, in the embodiment, the front side and the rear side of the base 1 are respectively provided with one positioning device 7, so that the positioning on the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate 6 is more stable.
In summary, the wet breaking machine is different from a traditional wet breaking machine, and can break the transversely stacked green bodies according to the transverse driving device 3, the upper breaking device 51, the lower breaking device 52 and the lifting device 53, so that the situation that the green bodies are damaged easily or even failed in breaking due to large bonding force caused by self gravity when the vertically stacked green bodies are broken by the traditional breaking machine is avoided. The wet breaking machine has the advantages of ingenious structure, high breaking efficiency and high breaking accuracy, does not easily damage the blank body, and improves the yield of concrete blocks or plates.
The examples described herein are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wet breaking process of concrete blocks or plates comprises the following steps:
first, turning over preparation
The inner side surface of the transverse steam-curing bottom plate (6) fixed by the overturning platform (103) is in a horizontal state, the transverse steam-curing bottom plate (6) is conveyed to the overturning platform (103) to be fixed, then the overturning platform (103) is overturned for 90 degrees, and then the vertical steam-curing bottom plate (8) bearing the vertically stacked blanks is conveyed to the overturning platform (103) to be fixed;
second, overturning the blank
The overturning platform 103 overturns for 90 degrees, so that the inner side surface of the fixed transverse steam-curing bottom plate (6) is in a horizontal state;
thirdly, steam curing the blank
Conveying the transverse steam curing bottom plate (6) carrying the green bodies to a transverse steam curing track (12), conveying the transverse steam curing bottom plate (6) to a wet breaking machine for breaking off, returning the green bodies to a vertical stacking state after breaking off, and conveying the green bodies to a steam curing device for steam curing;
wet machine of breaking off with fingers and thumb includes base (1), set up a pair of frame (2) and drive frame (2) in base (1) both sides and along the horizontal drive arrangement (3) that perpendicular to pay-off direction removed, be equipped with on base (1) and be used for transporting bottom plate conveyer (4) that the horizontal steam-curing bottom plate (6) of putting, be equipped with on frame (2) and break subassembly (5) with fingers and thumb, its characterized in that: the breaking-off component assembly (5) comprises an upper breaking-off device (51), a lower breaking-off device (52) and a lifting device (53);
the upper breaking-off device (51) comprises an upper breaking-off telescopic mechanism (511) and an upper clamping piece (512), the upper breaking-off telescopic mechanism (511) is installed at the upper end of the rack (2), and a telescopic piece of the upper breaking-off telescopic mechanism extends downwards and is connected with the upper clamping piece (512);
the downward breaking-off device (52) comprises a downward breaking-off telescopic mechanism (521) and a lower clamping piece (522); the lifting device (53) is arranged on the lower end surface of the rack (2); the downward snapping and separating telescopic mechanism (521) is arranged on the lifting device (53), and a telescopic piece of the downward snapping and separating telescopic mechanism extends upwards and is connected with a lower clamping piece (522).
2. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wet breaking system for the concrete blocks or plates is adopted and comprises a vertically placed steam curing bottom plate (8), a semi-finished product crane (9), a turnover machine (10), a horizontally placed steam curing bottom plate (6) and a wet breaking machine; the vertical steam-curing bottom plate (8) is arranged on the cutting conveying track (11), and the transverse steam-curing bottom plate (6) is arranged on the transverse steam-curing track (12); the cutting conveying track (11) and the transverse steam curing track (12) are respectively arranged on two sides of the turnover machine (10); the semi-finished product crane (9) is positioned above the turnover machine (10), and the wet-breaking machine is positioned on the transverse steam-curing track (12);
the turnover machine (10) comprises a turnover base (101), a turnover shaft (102) and a turnover table (103); the overturning shaft (102) is rotatably arranged on the overturning base (101) and is fixedly connected with the overturning platform (103); the overturning platform (103) is of an L-shaped structure, and fixing devices (104) for fixing the steam-curing bottom plate are arranged on the inner side surfaces of two sides of the overturning platform.
3. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lifting device (53) comprises a lifting motor (531), a lifting speed reducer (532), a lifting rotating shaft (533) and a screw rod lifting mechanism (534); the lifting motor (531) is in transmission connection with a lifting speed reducer (532), and the lifting speed reducer (532) drives a lifting rotating shaft (533) to rotate; the plurality of screw rod lifting mechanisms (534) are arranged along the length direction of the rack (2) and are fixedly connected with the rack (2), the lifting rotating shaft (533) is in spiral transmission connection with the screw rods of the screw rod lifting mechanisms (534), and the upper ends of the screw rods of the screw rod lifting mechanisms (534) are connected with the lower separating and stretching mechanism (521) through bearings.
4. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to claim 3, characterized in that: the lifting guide mechanism (54) comprises a connecting block (541), a vertical guide rail (542) and a vertical sliding seat (543); vertical guide rail (542) set up on connecting block (541) and extend along the direction of height, connecting block (541) breaks apart telescopic machanism (521) fixed connection with breaking off with the fingers and thumb down, vertical slide (543) fixed mounting is in frame (2) and cooperate with vertical guide rail (542).
5. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to claim 2, characterized in that: the transverse driving device (3) comprises a transverse motor (31), a transverse speed reducer (32), a transverse rotating shaft (33), a screw and nut mechanism (34) and a pushing seat (35); the transverse motor (31) is in transmission connection with a transverse speed reducer (32), and the transverse speed reducer (32) drives a transverse rotating shaft (33) to rotate; the plurality of screw and nut mechanisms (34) are arranged along the length direction of the rack (2) and fixedly connected with the rack (2), and the transverse rotating shaft (33) is in screw transmission connection with the screws of the plurality of screw and nut mechanisms (34); the pushing seat (35) is arranged on the side edge of the base (1), and one end of a lead screw of the lead screw nut mechanism (34) is connected with the pushing seat (35) through a bearing; the base (1) is provided with a transverse guide rail (36) extending perpendicular to the feeding direction, and the lower end of the rack (2) is provided with a transverse sliding block (37) matched with the transverse guide rail (36).
6. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: the upper breaking-off device (51) further comprises an upper base (513) arranged at the upper end of the rack (2), and the lower breaking-off device (52) further comprises a lower base (523) arranged at the lower end of the rack (2); the upward breaking-off telescopic mechanisms (511) are provided with a plurality of rows vertical to the feeding direction and fixedly arranged on the upper base (513); the downward breaking-off telescopic mechanisms (521) are provided with a plurality of rows vertical to the feeding direction and are fixedly arranged on the lower base (523).
7. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that: the transverse steam-curing bottom plate (6) comprises a pair of parallel side plates (61), and the side plates (61) are connected through a long block (62); the long blocks (62) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the side plates (61); the upper ends of the telescopic pieces of the row of downward snapping telescopic mechanisms (521) are connected with a strip seat (524); the strip seat (524) extends along the feeding direction, and a plurality of lower clamping pieces (522) are arranged on the strip seat at equal intervals along the length direction of the strip seat.
8. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to claim 7, characterized in that: the device is characterized by also comprising a bottom plate positioning device (7), wherein the bottom plate positioning device (7) comprises a positioning frame (71) and a positioning cylinder (72); the positioning frame (71) is fixedly arranged on the base (1) and is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the base up and down; the cylinder body of the positioning cylinder (72) is fixedly arranged on the positioning frame (71), and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder extends upwards and penetrates through the through hole; and the side plate (61) is provided with a positioning hole (63) for the piston rod to pass through.
9. The wet breaking process of concrete blocks or slabs according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: the bottom plate conveying devices (4) are arranged on the base (1) along the feeding direction and comprise a pair of conveying seats (41), a conveying motor (42), a conveying shaft (43) and wheels (44); the conveying seat (41) is fixedly arranged on the base (1); the conveying motor (42) is fixedly arranged on one conveying seat (41), an output shaft of the conveying motor is in transmission connection with one end of a conveying shaft (43), and the other end of the conveying shaft (43) is connected with the other conveying seat (41) through a bearing; the wheels (44) are fixedly sleeved on the conveying shaft (43).
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| CN114227884A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-25 | 江苏天元智能装备股份有限公司 | Ground overturning platform with breaking function |
| CN116787588B (en) * | 2023-08-03 | 2024-01-12 | 浙江天辉建设有限公司 | Special production equipment for concrete building blocks |
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Address after: 243000 no.2887, south section of Tianmen Avenue, Ma'anshan economic and Technological Development Zone, Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Anhui Keda electromechanical Co.,Ltd. Address before: 243000 no.2887, south section of Tianmen Avenue, Ma'anshan economic and Technological Development Zone, Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province Patentee before: ANHUI KEDA INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. |