CN112576302A - Partition paste filling method for preventing slurry leakage and improving filling effect - Google Patents
Partition paste filling method for preventing slurry leakage and improving filling effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN112576302A CN112576302A CN202011327570.3A CN202011327570A CN112576302A CN 112576302 A CN112576302 A CN 112576302A CN 202011327570 A CN202011327570 A CN 202011327570A CN 112576302 A CN112576302 A CN 112576302A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
- E21F15/04—Stowing mats; Goaf wire netting; Partition walls
Abstract
The invention discloses a partition paste filling method for preventing slurry leakage and improving filling effect, which comprises a longitudinal partition wall, a transverse partition wall and an edge partition wall; a partition filling area is formed between two adjacent transverse partition walls which are close to each other or between the transverse partition wall which is close to each other and the edge partition wall, and a partition filling area is formed between the transverse partition wall which is far from each other and the edge partition wall or between the transverse partition wall which is far from each other; in one filling operation, the partition filling area to be filled and the partition filling area are of approximate rectangular structures, the partition filling area in the current filling operation and the partition filling area to be filled in the last filling operation are combined into a composite partition filling area of the current filling operation, and the composite partition filling area is of an L-shaped structure. The partition paste filling method is suitable for underground complex geological environment conditions, prevents slurry leakage accidents, improves the roof contact rate of a filling body, ensures that deformation of overlying strata and the ground surface is within an allowable range, and realizes safe and efficient mining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a partition paste filling method for preventing grout leakage and improving filling effect.
Background
The paste filling mining is an important component of a coal mine green mining technology system, and the main process comprises the following steps: processing solid wastes such as coal gangue, fly ash and the like into pasty slurry without critical flow velocity and dehydration on the ground; then the mixture is conveyed to the underground by a pipeline by utilizing mechanical equipment or the action of gravity; the paste is filled into the goaf in cooperation with the mining propulsion of the working face to construct a supporting structure system of a filler, an overlying strata layer and a main key layer, so that the deformation control of overlying strata and the ground surface is realized. Paste filling mining is an effective technical measure for safely and efficiently mining coal resources under buildings, under railways, under water bodies and on bearing water (three-under-one-over), and has important significance for improving the mining rate of the coal resources, protecting the ecological natural environment of a mining area and realizing the sustainable development of mines.
The filling process is a key link of paste filling exploitation, wherein the strength and the roof contact rate of a filling body are key indexes for controlling filling work and are also key factors for controlling the movement and deformation of an overlying rock stratum and protecting a surface building (structure).
In the traditional filling process (method), a hydraulic support (pillar) is utilized to construct a partition wall with closed periphery between a working face top control area and an area to be filled to form a closed space to be filled; by leaving 1 on the partition wall in the direction of the working surface#-n#Filling the paste into the goaf through the filling holes; after the filling body reaches the designed strength for a certain time, the frame (column) is moved to remove the partition wall (figure), and the next circulation filling operation is carried out. This method has the following disadvantages:
when the inclination angle of the working face is larger, the paste pressure borne by the lower part of the filling isolation wall is large, and the paste leakage accident is easy to generate, so that the filling body is under the roof. The difficulty and the engineering quantity for cleaning the semi-solidified filling paste after the accident, adjusting the movable staggered support and carrying out the replenishment filling again are large. Secondly, in order to effectively support the top plate in time and reduce the damage of mining to overlying rocks and earth surface buildings (structures) to the maximum extent, the solidification time of the paste is short, and the mobility of the paste is poor. And thirdly, underground mining geological conditions are complex, geological structures such as faults and fold curves appear frequently, the difficulty of arranging the isolation wall along the whole length of the working face by utilizing the support is high, the isolation wall is easy to seal and is not tight, and slurry leakage accidents occur. Fourthly, once the slurry leakage accident happens, the filling work is stopped, if the paste body stays in the filling pipe for too long time, segregation and precipitation are generated, even solidification is generated, and the pipe blocking accident is caused. The difficulty of cleaning the solidified paste in the pipeline is large, and the workload is large. And fifthly, in order to prevent the roof from sinking too much or even collapsing during the filling period, support measures are required to be taken in the area to be filled, and support materials cannot be recycled. Sixthly, during the inclined mining, the area of the lower roof of the side of the upper circulating filling body is large. The exposed area of the top plate is too large, the local part is easy to fall off, and the operation of personnel is unsafe.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the partition paste filling method for preventing slurry leakage and improving the filling effect, so as to adapt to the underground complex geological environment conditions, prevent slurry leakage accidents, improve the roof contact rate of a filling body, ensure that the deformation of overlying strata and the ground surface is within an allowable range and realize safe and efficient mining.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a partition paste filling method for preventing slurry leakage and improving filling effect comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a goaf area between the inner side of the upper flat road, the inner side of the lower flat road, the outer side of the working face and the inner side of a goaf boundary opposite to the outer side of the working face as a filling area, determining filling step distances according to the rock property of a coal seam roof of the filling area, the flowing solidification bearing characteristic of a filling body and the mining cycle progress of the working face, and taking the filling operation of one filling step distance as one filling operation;
s2, in one filling operation, constructing a longitudinal separation wall in the filling area along the direction parallel to the working face, constructing a transverse separation wall along the direction parallel to the advancing direction of the working face, and constructing an edge separation wall at the edge of the separation area of the filling area and the upper and lower level roads;
in one filling operation, the distance between the longitudinal isolation wall and the inner side surface of the goaf boundary or between the longitudinal isolation wall in the current filling operation and the longitudinal isolation wall in the last filling operation is a filling step pitch; a partition filling area is formed between two adjacent transverse partition walls which are close to each other or between the transverse partition wall which is close to each other and the edge partition wall, and a partition filling area is formed between the transverse partition wall which is far from each other and the edge partition wall or between the transverse partition wall which is far from each other;
in one-time filling operation, the partition to-be-filled area and the partition filling area are of approximate rectangular structures; in the process of two adjacent filling operations, a to-be-filled partition area of the current filling operation is staggered with a to-be-filled partition area of the previous filling operation, one transverse partition wall of two adjacent to-be-filled partition areas in the two adjacent filling operations is positioned on the same straight line, so that the to-be-filled partition area in the current filling operation and the to-be-filled partition area in the previous filling operation are combined into a composite partition filling area of the current filling operation, and the composite partition filling area is of an L-shaped structure;
repeating the steps until the transverse partition wall in the partition area to be filled is superposed with the edge partition wall, and performing next filling operation cycle;
s3, constructing the transverse partition wall or the edge partition wall along the front edge and the rear edge of the partition filling area, and constructing the longitudinal partition wall along the edge of the partition filling area close to the working face side; determining the supporting strength of the top plate of the filling area according to the allowable sinking value of the top plate of the coal seam of the filling area, and comprehensively considering the supporting strength of the top plate of the filling area, the geological structure characteristics of a working face, the flowing solidification bearing characteristic of a filling body and the pressure of the filling body on the transverse separating wall and the longitudinal separating wall when the transverse separating wall, the edge separating wall and the longitudinal separating wall are constructed, wherein the constructed transverse separating wall and the constructed longitudinal separating wall can resist the maximum pressure of the filling body;
s4, according to the determined supporting mode and supporting parameters of the partition to-be-filled area, matching with the edge partition wall, the longitudinal partition wall and the transverse partition wall, and timely supporting a roof;
s5, filling operation of the partition filling area is carried out through the cloth holes reserved on the longitudinal partition wall; removing the supporting and isolating wall plate for isolating the area to be filled after the filling body is solidified to reach the design strength value;
s6, with the advance of the working face, the range size of each block of the partition filling area of the next filling step is divided again, each block of the partition filling area to be filled of the previous step is ensured to be within the range size, and the block is positioned at the lower part of the range size as much as possible, so that the top contact of a filling body is ensured; and (4) supporting the partition to-be-filled area of the new filling step pitch, then filling, and sequentially carrying out.
As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step S4, the horizontal partition wall is supported by using single hydraulic prop or wood pile to match with the partition wall board, and the vertical partition wall is supported by using a filling hydraulic support to match with the partition wall board.
As an improvement on the technical scheme, the support parameters of the isolation wall are the row spacing and the single support strength.
In step S6, in order to increase the roof contact rate of the filling body, a top filling hole is left at the highest position of the upper sides of the lateral partition walls on both sides for auxiliary filling.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the filling body is pasty slurry which is prepared by processing coal gangue and fly ash solid waste into pasty slurry without critical flow rate and dehydration, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the fly ash is any proportion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the partition paste filling method for preventing slurry leakage and improving the filling effect, in the process of one-time filling operation, the partition to-be-filled area is of an approximate rectangular structure; the partition filling area to be filled in the last filling operation and the partition filling area in the current filling operation are combined into a composite partition filling area with an L-shaped structure, so that the invention has the following advantages:
1. the slurry leakage accident is obviously reduced; the filling area is divided into various segments, so that the pressure of filling paste (filling body) borne by the lower parts of the partition walls (the edge partition wall 3, the longitudinal partition wall 1 and the transverse partition wall 2) is reduced, and the slurry leakage accidents are obviously reduced. 2. The filling and roof contacting rate is obviously improved; the reduction of the primary filling area ensures that the gob can be filled with the paste (filling fluid) filled in the block section when the fluidity is strong, and the filling roof contact rate is improved to be more than 95 percent. 3. Has strong adaptability to geological conditions. Underground mining geological conditions are complex, and geological structures such as faults, folds and the like frequently appear; by utilizing partition filling, the areas with large top and bottom plate fall such as faults and folds can be set as partition areas to be filled, so that the construction of partition walls (the edge partition wall 3, the longitudinal partition wall 1 and the transverse partition wall 2) is facilitated, the filling is facilitated, and the filling and roof contact rate is improved; when the working face is filled by the downward inclined mining, the side shortage top-contacting area of the upper circulating filling body is large, and the filling can be carried out from a high position by utilizing a transverse partition wall or an edge partition wall to leave a top filling hole, so that the top-contacting rate of the filling body is improved. 4. The safety is high; by piling wood piles or supporting single pillars in the area to be filled of the partition, the top plate is effectively controlled during personnel passing and partition wall construction, and the safety of filling operation is greatly improved. 5. The supporting material can be recovered; when the filling body reaches the design strength, the wood piles or the single pillars arranged in the area to be filled for the partition can be recovered, a new area to be filled for the partition is supported, and supporting materials are saved. 6. The supplement filling is convenient; when the isolated filling area is not filled tightly, the upper circulation isolated area to be filled can be used for supplementary filling when the next filling operation is carried out, and the filling roof contact rate is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the implementation principle of the partition filling method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the principle of the present invention for implementing the partition filling method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a test run in the west segment at 54;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the cumulative approach data of the top and bottom plates of the haulage roadway as observed at the 54002 fill face setting station;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the top and bottom plate approach velocity data of a roadway as observed at an observation station established at the 54002 fill face;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the accumulated approach data of the top and bottom plates of the conveying roadway observed by the observation station established on the 54002 filling working face;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of accumulated approach data of the approach speed of the top and bottom plates of the conveying roadway observed by an observation station established on a 54002 filling working surface;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of floor heave data observed in a haulage roadway and a material haulage roadway as observed by an observation station established on a 54002 filling face;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of accumulated approach data of approach quantities of two sides of a transportation lane and a material transportation lane observed by an observation station established on a 54002 filling working face;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of track roadway top and bottom plate movement data observed at a 54001 fill face set up observation station;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of rail roadway top and bottom plate approach velocity data observed by an observation station established at a 54001 filling face;
FIG. 12 is a floor plan of an observation station set up prior to 54002 fill face recovery;
FIG. 13 is a plot of the surface subsidence observed by the set-up observation station prior to recovery of the 54002 pack face;
FIG. 14 is a layout view of a roadway on a filling face of a coal pillar on the east-west mountain;
FIG. 15 is a graph of the amount of mine roof floor movement observed by an observation station established at the east downhill coal pillar filling face;
FIG. 16 is a graph of the amount of approach of two sides observed by an observation station established on the filling working surface of the coal pillar of the east inferior mountain;
FIG. 17 is a graph of top and bottom plate approach velocity observed by an observation station established on a coal pillar filling work surface on the east downhill side;
FIG. 18 is a graph of the rate of approach of two sides observed by an observation station established on a coal pillar filling face of a mountain east and west;
FIG. 19 is a peep view of a overburden failure peephole K3 after recovery of a coal pillar filling working face of the east downhill mountain;
FIG. 20 is a peep view of a overburden failure peephole K2 after recovery of a coal pillar filling working face of the east downhill mountain;
FIG. 21 is a layout view of a ground subsidence observation station being set up at the east downhill coal pillar filling work surface;
FIG. 22 is a plot of the dip of a subsurface survey station for a filling face of a coal pillar on a east downhill slope.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, which are provided so that the present disclosure will be fully apparent and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art without any creative effort, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for filling the paste-blocking body to prevent the slurry from leaking and improve the filling effect comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a goaf area between the inner side of the upper flat road 10, the inner side of the lower flat road 11, the outer side of the working face 12 and the inner side 13 of the goaf boundary opposite to the outer side of the working face 12 as a filling area, determining filling step distances according to the properties of the coal seam roof rock of the filling area, the flowing solidification bearing characteristic of a filling body and the mining cycle progress of the working face, and taking the filling operation of one filling step distance as one-time filling operation;
s2, in one filling operation, constructing a longitudinal separation wall 1 in a filling area along a direction parallel to a working face 12, constructing a transverse separation wall 2 along a direction parallel to a propelling direction of the working face 12, and constructing an edge separation wall 3 at the edge of the filling area and the separation areas of an upper flat road and a lower flat road;
in one filling operation, the distance between the longitudinal isolation wall 1 and the inner side surface 13 of the goaf boundary or between the longitudinal isolation wall 1 of the current filling operation and the longitudinal isolation wall 1 of the last filling operation is a filling step pitch; a partition filling area 4 to be filled is formed between two adjacent transverse partition walls 2 which are close to each other or between the transverse partition wall which is close to each other and the edge partition wall 3, and a partition filling area 5 is formed between the transverse partition wall 2 which is far from each other and the edge partition wall 3 or between the two transverse partition walls 2 which are far from each other;
in the primary filling operation, the partition to-be-filled area 4 and the partition filling area 5 are of approximate rectangular structures; in the process of two adjacent filling operations, the area 4 to be filled for separating the filling operation at this time is staggered with the area 4 to be filled for separating the filling operation at the last time, one transverse partition wall 2 of two adjacent areas 4 to be filled for separating the filling operation at two times is positioned on a straight line, so that the area 5 to be filled for separating the filling operation at this time and the area 4 to be filled for separating the filling operation at the last time are combined into a composite area to be filled for separating the filling operation at this time, and the composite area to be filled is of an L-shaped structure;
and the rest is repeated until the transverse partition wall 2 in the partition area to be filled 4 is superposed with the edge partition wall 3, and the next filling operation cycle is carried out;
s3, constructing the transverse partition wall 2 or the edge partition wall 3 along the front edge and the rear edge of the partition filling area, and constructing the longitudinal partition wall 1 along the edge of the partition filling area close to the working face side; determining the supporting strength of the top plate of the filling area according to the allowable sinking value of the top plate of the coal seam of the filling area, and comprehensively considering the supporting strength of the top plate of the filling area, the geological structure characteristics of a working surface 12, the flowing solidification bearing characteristic of a filling body and the pressure of the filling body on the transverse partition wall 2 and the longitudinal partition wall 1 when constructing the transverse partition wall 2, the edge partition wall 3 and the longitudinal partition wall 1, wherein the constructed transverse partition wall 2 and the constructed longitudinal partition wall 1 need to be capable of resisting the maximum pressure of the filling body;
s4, according to the determined support mode and support parameters of the partition to-be-filled area, matching with the edge partition wall 3, the longitudinal partition wall 1 and the transverse partition wall 2, and supporting a roof in time;
s5, filling operation of the partition filling area is carried out through the cloth holes 6 reserved on the longitudinal partition wall 1; removing the supporting and isolating wall plate for isolating the area to be filled after the filling body is solidified to reach the design strength value;
s6, with the advance of the working face, the range size of each block of the partition filling area of the next filling step is divided again, each block of the partition filling area to be filled of the previous step is ensured to be within the range size, and the block is positioned at the lower part of the range size as much as possible, so that the top contact of a filling body is ensured; and (4) supporting the partition to-be-filled area of the new filling step pitch, then filling, and sequentially carrying out.
As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step S4, the transverse partition wall 2 is supported by using single hydraulic prop or wood pile to match with partition wall board, and the longitudinal partition wall 1 is supported by using filling hydraulic support to match with partition wall board
As an improvement on the technical scheme, the support parameters of the isolation wall are the row spacing and the single support strength.
As an improvement to the above technical solution, in step S6, in order to perform the top cut, a top filling hole is left at the highest position of the upper sides of the lateral partition walls 2 on both sides for auxiliary filling so as to improve the top contact rate of the filling body.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the filling body is pasty slurry which is prepared by processing coal gangue and fly ash solid waste into pasty slurry without critical flow rate and dehydration, and the mass ratio of the coal gangue to the fly ash is any ratio.
Specifically, the method for filling the paste-separating body with the functions of preventing slurry leakage and improving the filling effect is used for filling the paste-separating body in the Henan energy and chemical group coke coal Zhu village mine I5Coal seam and two1The coal beds are respectively subjected to production test application, and the effect is obvious.
One to one5Coal seam: the average thickness of the coal seam is 1.3m, the inclination angle is 8-10 degrees, the paste filling mining is applied to the western section of a 54 mining area, the mining area is divided into seven working faces of 54001-. The first mining working face is a 54002 working face,when the front section of the working face is mined, the traditional filling process (once complete filling) is adopted, in addition, the faults in the working face are more, slurry leakage accidents frequently occur, and further, filling pipes are blocked, so that a large amount of filling materials are wasted, the workload of workers is increased, and the normal production of the working face is influenced (the normal production of 10-15 days can be delayed due to the large slurry leakage and pipe blocking accidents during once filling). By adopting the partition filling process and enhancing the management of filling work, the slurry leakage accidents are obviously reduced, the zero slurry leakage during monthly filling becomes a normal state, and the production efficiency of the working face is greatly improved. After the isolated filling mining is adopted, the filling rate reaches over 95 percent, and the control on the deformation of the surrounding rock and the earth surface is successfully realized.
And secondly, observing and analyzing the deformation of the working surface.
1. Working face roadway deformation observation and analysis
Observation stations are respectively established in the 54002 and 54001 working face transportation lane and the material transportation lane for observation, and the observation data are shown in fig. 4 to fig. 11:
1) and (3) moving the overlying rock stratum of the coal seam 10-20 m in front of the working face, wherein the sinking speed is very low and is the initial settling period of the rock stratum.
2) The roadway top and bottom plates move closer and change at an increased speed within a range of 10-15 m before and after the working face is pushed through the transportation roadway and the material transportation roadway measuring station according to measurement data, the sinking amount accounts for about 80% of the final sinking amount and is the main sinking period of the rock stratum, the working face and two roadways in the area have higher supporting pressure, strong and effective support in the range of the supporting pressure before and after the working face is well done, and the method is of great importance in controlling roadway deformation.
3) Beyond 20m behind the working face, the settlement speed of the overlying strata is attenuated and basically tends to be stable, and the settlement accounts for about 15% of the final settlement, which is called the subsidence attenuation period of the strata.
4) 54002 the working face is the first paste filling test working face of Zhucun mine, and due to the lack of experience of initial filling mining, especially in the initial filling mining period, the goaf is filled once, the supporting strength of the side pillars of the template is low, and the geological structure such as fault is encountered, the slurry leakage accident often occurs. In addition, effective advanced support measures are not taken in a working face transportation roadway and a material transportation roadway, so that the deformation of surrounding rock in the early stage is large, partition filling is taken in the later stage, filling and support management are enhanced, the increase of the deformation of the surrounding rock is effectively reduced, the maximum subsidence of the transportation roadway and the material transportation roadway are respectively 330mm and 261mm, the bottom bulging amount is respectively 72mm and 60mm, the horizontal movement approach amount is respectively 148mm and 101mm, the overall effect of the roadway is good, and the mining service can be effectively carried out on adjacent working faces.
5) When the 54001 working face is mined, under the condition that 54002 cut-off filling mining technology and experience are mature, the filling effect is fully ensured, wherein the maximum moving distance of the top bottom plate of the two roadways is 90mm, the horizontal moving distance and the bottom bulging distance are both about 20mm, the filling mining effect is obvious, and a solid foundation is laid for popularization of paste filling mining.
2. Observation and analysis of surface subsidence
In order to accurately grasp the effect of the paste filling to control the surface subsidence, a surface subsidence observation station is arranged on the ground before the recovery of the 54002 filling working face, as shown in figure 12. The total of 27 measurements of the surface subsidence were made during the period, and the surface subsidence curve is shown in fig. 13. As can be seen, the surface subsidence curve is characterized by two stages, bounded by a distance of 300m from the initial mining line.
The first stage is 300m before the mining of the working face, the filling process and the filling mode are adjusted tentatively in order to save the filling cost, the goaf in the whole mining range is not filled completely, the supporting strength of the working face is not enough, workers in the initial filling stage are not skilled in the filling process and process, the filling quality is poor, and the ground surface subsidence is large. At present, the maximum value of the ground surface subsidence actually measured is 270 m away from the overlying ground surface of the working surface cutting hole, the numerical value cannot truly reflect the ground surface subsidence condition of 54002 full-mining and full-filling of the working surface, at the moment, the maximum value of the ground surface subsidence is 176 mm, and the subsidence coefficient is 0.13.
And in the second stage, after the working face is pushed for 300m, the filling quality and the working face support management are greatly improved compared with those in the first stage, the movement of the roof rock stratum is effectively controlled, and the ground subsidence is obviously reduced. The sinking speed of the sinking point 200 m away from the current working surface tends to be stable, the earth surface sinking value in the section can truly reflect the earth surface sinking condition of 54002 working surface full-mining and full-filling, at the moment, the maximum value of the earth surface sinking is 128 mm, and the sinking coefficient is 0.09.
When data observation is stopped, the mining distance of about 100m is reserved between the stoping distance of the working face and the design stoping line, all measuring points which move towards the main section with the advancing of the working face continue to sink, but the maximum sinking point which moves towards the main section is far away from the working face by 100m, the compression amount of the filling body after the filling body is tested to know that the compression amount of the filling body after 40m behind the working face tends to be stable, and then the sinking speed of the measuring point within the time interval of 27 th time and 30 th time of the maximum measuring point is 0.05 mm/d-0.1 mm/d, and the maximum sinking point of the earth surface tends to be stable; therefore, through comprehensive analysis of the various factors, the final subsidence value of the earth surface of the 54002 paste filling working face is predicted to be about 130 mm after the extraction is finished, the subsidence coefficient of the earth surface is determined to be about 0.1, and the value is the minimum value of the subsidence coefficient of the earth surface predicted by the theoretical model, and the main reason is that in the later filling mining process, on one hand, the supporting strength of the working face is improved, the partition filling process and quality management are enhanced, and the filling roof contact rate is improved; on the other hand, the proportioning development and monitoring management of the filling material are enhanced, the compression rate and the bleeding property of the filling material are further reduced, and the forceful implementation of the measures ensures that the working face is smoothly pushed through a building dense area without serious damage of a house.
As can be seen from fig. 8, the surface subsidence rate during the pack mining process goes through a period from slow subsidence to fast subsidence and slow subsidence. From comparative analysis of results of two actual measurements of 26 and 27, it can be known that the ground surface subsidence speed is less than 1.7 mm/d (50 mm/month), and the first main section tends to enter a subsidence stage of the ground surface subsidence according to division of ground surface movement time of coal mine safety regulation, and the maximum subsidence point of the main section tends to enter a subsidence stage.
Three and two1Coal: II1The average thickness of the coal seam is 5.28 m, the dip angle is generally 5-10 degrees, and the local part reaches 22 degrees. The filling and mining working face is a working face of a protective coal pillar at east and downhill. The working surface is a protective coal pillar left under the track of a 21 mining area,the surrounding is basically the goaf of the stope face in the sixty-seven decades of the last century, and belongs to an island residual coal pillar. The underground elevation of the working surface is-63.7 to-46.3 m, the trend is long 110m, the trend is long 140m, and the area is 15400m2. The working face adopts a layered inclined longwall coal mining method (overhead mining) and a paste filling method to treat the goaf. The layout of the face lanes is shown in figure 14.
1. Analysis of surrounding rock deformation during face extraction
Considering that the propulsion distance of a filling working face is short, only one group of roadway deformation observation stations are arranged near the middle position of propulsion, 1 group of measuring stations are respectively arranged in a working face track roadway and a transportation roadway, 3 measuring sections are arranged in the range of the measuring stations, and the distance between the measuring sections is about 2-4 m. And processing the observation data from 1 day at 7 months to 19 days at 8 months, and obtaining a curve graph 15-18 after averaging the three sections of each observation station.
As can be seen from the figure, the moving-in amount of the top and the bottom plates of the transportation roadway and the track roadway during the stoping period is 65mm and 54mm respectively, and the maximum moving-in speed is 1.4mm/d and 1.1mm/d respectively; the approaching amount of the two sides of the transportation lane and the track lane is respectively 48mm and 43mm, and the maximum approaching speed is respectively 1mm/d and 0.88 mm/d. Therefore, the deformation speed of the stoping roadway is low, the deformation amount is not large, and the surrounding rock of the roadway is stable.
2. Working face overburden movement actual measurement analysis
The working surface of the coal pillar is two1The coal seam paste is filled in a first test working face, two rock roadways are arranged at the upper part of the working face and are respectively an east return air roadway and an east track roadway, and a rock roadway is arranged at the lower part of the working face and is an east transport roadway. Two rock roadways of the top plate are positioned on the top plate by about 8m, one rail roadway of the east is positioned above the middle part of the working face, the roadway is good in condition, observation stations can be arranged in the roadway through local ventilation to carry out roof peeking in the filling working face mining process, the purpose is to master the deformation and movement rule of the top plate in the paste filling mining process, earth surface subsidence and deformation after coal pillar working face filling mining are scientifically predicted, and the basis is provided for scientifically evaluating the influence of filling mining on protected objects.
And after the tunnel enclosure wall is opened, connecting an air duct, and observing and finding a position about 124 m away from the tunnel enclosure wall in the tunnel by adopting self-flow ventilation, wherein a tunnel top plate collapses and blocks the tunnel. In order to prevent the occurrence of drilling water, hole collapse and the like, vertical peep hole drilling with numbers of K1, K2 and K3 is carried out on the bottom plate at positions which are about 60m, 75m and 90m away from the open cutting holes, namely, at positions which are 83 m, 68 m and 53 m away from the sealing walls in the east one rail lane of the coal seam roof. Peep holes K1, K2 and K3 are 1m away from the near roadway side, the hole diameter is 63mm, the holes are deep to the coal seam, and the coal is stopped when the holes are seen.
Because the drilling machine adopts the water to discharge the rock debris, the drill hole is filled with accumulated water, and the accumulated water is drained by the air pipe before observation. For more intuitive analysis, the peened pictures are now truncated as shown in fig. 19 and 20:
as can be observed from fig. 19: the surrounding rock in the peephole K3 has no crack, separation layer and no water outlet point. Only a small amount of water is accumulated at the bottom of the hole due to the drainage of the air pipe. From fig. 20, it can be observed that: the peep hole K2 has 1 water outlet point about 1m away from the hole opening, and when peeping to 2.2 m, the hole can be found to be full of water, and cannot be peeped continuously. After the peephole K1 is connected into the air pipe, the accumulated water in the hole cannot be drained, and a larger water outlet point in the hole is estimated.
Through observation, the top plate has no obvious crack and separation layer after the filling working face is mined, and overlying strata show a whole slow sinking state along with the mining of the working face.
3. Surface subsidence monitoring
After the measuring points are buried for 10-15 days and the point locations are consolidated, firstly, joint measurement between a control point of the observation station and a mining area control network is carried out to determine the plane position and the elevation of the control point, and then the plane position of the working measuring point is measured according to the plane position and the elevation. The geodetic surveying is carried out according to the measurement precision requirement of the orientation base point, the plane position of the working measuring point of the observation line is determined according to the precision requirement of 5' wire measurement from the control point with known coordinates.
And carrying out point period observation according to the distributed measuring points, wherein the observation precision of the ground surface measuring points is required to be within +/-1.0 mm, carrying out closed measurement after the recorded result of each observation is checked to be correct, obtaining the elevation of each measuring point, then calculating the settlement movement amount of each observation point, determining the influence size, range and the like on the ground surface during the recovery period of the test working surface, and making corresponding measures in time according to result data.
Based on the actual situation of the site and the damage situation of the observation point, the effective data obtained by actual measurement is mainly observation point data Z1-Z6, and the arrangement of the observation stations is shown in figure 21. After the first observation at 13 days 6 and 6 in 2013, a total of 14 observations were made by 2015 for 9 days 1 and 2015.
The observation station data analysis is shown in figure 22, and it can be seen that the maximum subsidence value is 342mm at observation point Z4, and the surface subsidence coefficient is 0.137 calculated according to the actual mining height of the filling surface of 2.5 m.
Obtaining the surface subsidence parameters through inversion, namely the filling subsidence coefficient is 0.2 and the horizontal movement coefficientb =0.32, main influence tangenttgβ=2.3, maximum sinking angleθAnd the angle is =81.6 degrees, the actual observation of the ground surface subsidence after the first mining face filling mining ensures that the ground surface building is not damaged while the coal pillars are safely recovered and protected, and the better filling rate and ground surface subsidence control level of the coal mine at home and abroad at present are obtained.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A partition paste filling method for preventing slurry leakage and improving filling effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining a goaf area between the inner side of the upper flat road, the inner side of the lower flat road, the outer side of the working face and the inner side of a goaf boundary opposite to the outer side of the working face as a filling area, determining filling step distances according to the rock property of a coal seam roof of the filling area, the flowing solidification bearing characteristic of a filling body and the mining cycle progress of the working face, and taking the filling operation of one filling step distance as one filling operation;
s2, in one filling operation, constructing a longitudinal separation wall in the filling area along the direction parallel to the working face, constructing a transverse separation wall along the direction parallel to the advancing direction of the working face, and constructing an edge separation wall at the edge of the separation area of the filling area and the upper and lower level roads;
in one filling operation, the distance between the longitudinal isolation wall and the inner side surface of the goaf boundary or between the longitudinal isolation wall in the current filling operation and the longitudinal isolation wall in the last filling operation is a filling step pitch; a partition filling area is formed between two adjacent transverse partition walls which are close to each other or between the transverse partition wall which is close to each other and the edge partition wall, and a partition filling area is formed between the transverse partition wall which is far from each other and the edge partition wall or between the transverse partition wall which is far from each other;
in one-time filling operation, the partition to-be-filled area and the partition filling area are of approximate rectangular structures; in the process of two adjacent filling operations, a to-be-filled partition area of the current filling operation is staggered with a to-be-filled partition area of the previous filling operation, one transverse partition wall of two adjacent to-be-filled partition areas in the two adjacent filling operations is positioned on the same straight line, so that the to-be-filled partition area in the current filling operation and the to-be-filled partition area in the previous filling operation are combined into a composite partition filling area of the current filling operation, and the composite partition filling area is of an L-shaped structure;
repeating the steps until the transverse partition wall in the partition area to be filled is superposed with the edge partition wall, and performing next filling operation cycle;
s3, constructing the transverse partition wall or the edge partition wall along the front edge and the rear edge of the partition filling area, and constructing the longitudinal partition wall along the edge of the partition filling area close to the working face side; determining the supporting strength of the top plate of the filling area according to the allowable sinking value of the top plate of the coal seam of the filling area, and comprehensively considering the supporting strength of the top plate of the filling area, the geological structure characteristics of a working face, the flowing solidification bearing characteristic of a filling body and the pressure of the filling body on the transverse separating wall and the longitudinal separating wall when the transverse separating wall, the edge separating wall and the longitudinal separating wall are constructed, wherein the constructed transverse separating wall and the constructed longitudinal separating wall can resist the maximum pressure of the filling body;
s4, according to the determined supporting mode and supporting parameters of the partition to-be-filled area, matching with the edge partition wall, the longitudinal partition wall and the transverse partition wall, and timely supporting a roof;
s5, filling operation of the partition filling area is carried out through the cloth holes reserved on the longitudinal partition wall; removing the supporting and isolating wall plate for isolating the area to be filled after the filling body is solidified to reach the design strength value;
s6, with the advance of the working face, the range size of each block of the partition filling area of the next filling step is divided again, each block of the partition filling area to be filled of the previous step is ensured to be within the range size, and the block is positioned at the lower part of the range size as much as possible, so that the top contact of a filling body is ensured; and (4) supporting the partition to-be-filled area of the new filling step pitch, then filling, and sequentially carrying out.
2. The method for filling a partition paste with grout leakage prevention and filling effect improvement according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the horizontal partition wall supports are made of single hydraulic prop or wood pile and are matched with the partition wall board, and the vertical partition wall supports are made of filling hydraulic support and are matched with the partition wall board.
3. The method for filling the partition paste with the grout leakage prevention and the filling effect improvement according to claim 1, wherein the support parameters are the strength of the individual supports and the row spacing between the individual supports.
4. The method for filling a partition paste with improved filling effect against grout leakage according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, if the mining is a top dip mining, the top filling holes are selected to be left at the highest positions of the upper sides of the lateral partition walls on both sides for auxiliary filling so as to improve the top contacting rate of the filling body.
5. The method for filling the partition paste with the anti-slip and filling-effect-improved functions according to claim 1, wherein the filling body is a paste-like slurry, and the paste-like slurry is processed from coal gangue and fly ash solid wastes into a paste-like slurry without critical flow rate and dehydration.
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| CN112963149A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-06-15 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | High-efficiency full-mining and full-filling mining method for near-horizontal thick coal seam |
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