CN1125645A - Sizing machine for gangue - Google Patents
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- CN1125645A CN1125645A CN 94113310 CN94113310A CN1125645A CN 1125645 A CN1125645 A CN 1125645A CN 94113310 CN94113310 CN 94113310 CN 94113310 A CN94113310 A CN 94113310A CN 1125645 A CN1125645 A CN 1125645A
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Abstract
The sorting machine for separating gangue from coal using radiation exposure is composed of granular coal feed system, belt conveyer, electronic control system, pneumatic gangue discharge assemblage and electronic coal balance. Raw coal is conveyed through between radiation source and probe which converts optical signal into electric one to control high-response pneumatic valve for discharging gangue. Different interlockers are used for reliable operation. It features high sorting precision and low cost.
Description
The invention belongs to material identification sorting technology field, specifically is a kind of sizing machine for gangue that adopts ray transmission method to carry out coal separation, also can be used for the sorting of unclassified stores particle.
Since 1960's, develop always both at home and abroad that a kind of volume is little, investment in fixed assets is few, production cost is low, discerned and the device of sorting particle raw coal without wash water.Put down in writing according to the tenth international ore dressing meeting paper: abroad, Britain developed two " X ray separators ".At the beginning of 1960's, the Si Laite and the Pa Ermei of the state-run agriculture project of Britain Scotland institute, according to electromagnetism, absorption and the scattering theory of X-ray, the X ray continuous spectrum that utilizes X-ray tube to send is developed first in the world " X ray separator ".On probation showing: this device can be removed stone and clod from potato; Being installed in the Man Naboyisi colliery can come out the gangue sorting in the particle raw coal again.By 1970, the D.E. Charles Jenkins of Britain Scotland mineral bureau scientific experimentation chamber and P.B Gao Fu etc. on the basis of summing up Si Laite and Pa Ermei test, developed again by second " X ray separator ", and the DE Charles Jenkins is with its called after " X ray coal picker ".This device shows in Man Naboyisi, Killough trial state strange, red three collieries, knob Milan: it divides the effect of coal separation fairly good; But the X-ray pipe of this class separator makes X source bulky, and power consumption is too high, is easy to wear out poor stability.The misoperation that poor stability causes compressed air to get rid of spoil produces, and causes to occur the loss of cleaned coal mistake in the assorting room, and people claim this mistake loss to beat for mistake.The Charles Jenkins result of the test also shows: the increase that this mistake is beaten with feeding strengthens, and this just makes the cleaned coal loss further increase and the economic benefit in colliery descends.In addition, result of the test also shows: the time-delay mechanism discharge refuse efficient of this class " X ray separator " is not high, and the increase with feeding reduces, and causes the part spoil to escape from compressed air and flees into cleaned coal colony, and it is " no marking " that people claim spoil to scurry into cleaned coal colony.The said mistake in this no marking and front is beaten feasible " X ray coal picker " can not be used for coal industry production.The power consumption that adds X-ray tube is too high, has improved the cleaned coal production cost in colliery, makes the development of " X ray coal picker " be forced to stop.
At home, from 1970's end to the beginning of the eighties, once under the help of Britain D.E. Charles Jenkins etc., developed " X ray coal picker ", but, also not success also rests on the development stage basically now, has defective in many-sides such as time-delay control, discharge refuse control, gangue recognition performances, and shortage improves the interlock control apparatus of safety and reliability, therefore safety and reliability are poor, and sharpness of separation is low, and sensitivity is low, discharge refuse efficient is low, poor stability, quality of cleaned coal is low, inconvenient operation, far requirement of actual application can not be satisfied, practicality can not be dropped into.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sharpness of separation height, sizing machine for gangue that security performance is good, reliable and stable, practical, and can be used for the sorting of unclassified stores.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
It is made up of particle raw coal feeding system (1), belt conveyer (2), electronic pulse signal control system (3), pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5), and particle raw coal feeding system (1) is made up of disintegrating machine, classifying screen and electro-vibrating feeder; Belt conveyer (2) comprises feed belt (29), the straight tube of metal carrying roller (28), blend stop (20), autosynchronous motor M2 (22), feed belt (29) is pulled into the plane by former and later two metals straight tube carrying rollers (28), above it each differentiates between the passage and is spaced from each other with a plurality of blend stops (20) that the particle raw coal is arranged in each sequentially and differentiates on the passage; Electronic pulse signal control system (3) is by coal stone identifier (111), multi-pulse delay device (12), impulse on-off control circuit (13) series connection constitutes, coal stone identifier (111) wherein is by isotope and X light source (23), receiving transducer (25), high voltage regulated power supply (6), low-tension supply (7), linear pulse amplifier (8), scaler (9), amplitude discriminator (10), linear gauge digit rate circuit (11) is formed, receiving transducer (25) and isotope and X light source (23) are installed in the upper and lower of feed belt (29) respectively, and place respectively among radiographic source screened room (35) and the receiving transducer screened room (26); Low-tension supply (7) provides dc source to receiving transducer (25), linear pulse amplifier (8), scaler (9), amplitude discriminator (10), linear gauge digit rate circuit (11), multi-pulse delay device (12), impulse on-off control circuit (13) respectively; Receiving transducer (25), linear pulse amplifier (8), amplitude discriminator (10), linear counting road rate circuit (11) are connected in series; Pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4) is made up of high speed air valve (15), critical airbrasive interlocker (16), trash receptacle (19), air accumulator support (51), air accumulator (52), stop valve (55), air gauge (56), critical airbrasive interlocker (16) and high speed air valve (15) are installed on the air accumulator (52), trash receptacle (19) is installed between belt conveyer (2) and the cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5), has the wicket of Transshipment Permitted spoil on the trash receptacle (19); Cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) comprises belt conveyer, microcomputer control system, digital display, prints weighing apparatus automatically, cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) is installed in the bottom of belt conveyer (2) discharge end, the vertical drop of the two is 0.2-1.8 meters, and particle raw coal feeding system (1), belt conveyer (2), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) three's width differentiates that with raw coal the quantity of passage changes; When particle raw coal feeding system (1) is carried the particle raw coal to belt conveyer (2), the receiving transducer (25) of electronic pulse signal control system (3) is exported corresponding negative pulse sequence by cleaned coal and spoil, through coal stone identifier (111) identification, after multi-pulse delay device (12) time-delay, be transported to impulse on-off control circuit (13), control the switching of the high speed air valve (15) of pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), high speed air valve (15) is opened and is then sprayed compressed air eliminating spoil to trash receptacle (19), and high speed air valve (15) is closed and then appointed cleaned coal to be sent on the feed belt of cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5).The average life span of isotope and X light source (23) is more than 3 years or 3 years, and the energy of the X-ray of its emission is more than 8Kev, and the intensity of X-ray also can adopt soft γ, χ, β mixing source more than 3 millicuries.Radiographic source screened room (35) links to each other with the radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21) that can control its switching, this interlocker (21) is by spring (37), link rod (38) constitutes, and link to each other with auxiliary reclay (39) in the electrical equipment interlocker (14), its medi-spring (37) one ends link to each other with screened room (35) base, the other end links to each other with the screened room that has through hole (35) gland, link rod (38) one ends link to each other with screened room (35) gland together with spring (37), the other end links to each other with the moving iron core of auxiliary reclay (39), spring (37) and link rod (38) but push-and-pull screened room (35) gland slide; When middle relay (39) sucking coil was switched on, screened room (35) gland was with the radiographic source port opening, and when middle relay (39) sucking coil cut off the power supply, screened room (35) gland was with radiographic source outlet sealing.Critical airbrasive interlocker (16) in the pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4) is by pressure adjusting nut (58), air inlet end cap (59), air chamber (60), sealing ring (61), valve (63), bolt (64) and spring (65) constitute, and the A.C. contactor KM4 (62) that exchanges contactor controller (70) with critical air pressure in the electrical equipment interlocker (14) links to each other, sealing ring (61) is clipped between air chamber (60) upper end planar annular and the air inlet end cap (59), the footpath is connected with pressure adjusting nut (58) by outer silk screw thread outside the cylinder of air chamber (60) lower end, air chamber (60) inner bottom is placed the circular cone stage body of valve (63) upper end, spring (65) entangles valve (63) lower end and is held by pressure adjusting nut (58), insulating trip (66) is equipped with in bottom, valve (63) lower end, air chamber (60) communicates with air accumulator (52), A.C. contactor KM4 (62) comprises and often opens auxiliary contact (67), sucking coil (68), normally closed main contact (69), normally closed main contact (69) links to each other with the main circuit power line, often opens auxiliary contact (67) and links to each other with valve (63) bottom; When in the air chamber (60) during operating air pressure subcritical atmospheric pressure value, main circuit power is cut off the power supply by normally closed main contact (69).Cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (2), pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), belt conveyer (2) and particle raw coal feeding system (1) all link to each other with an electrical equipment interlocker (14), and electrical equipment interlocker (14) exchanges contactor controller (70), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale start-stop controller (71), belt conveyer start-stop controller (72), feeding system start-stop controller (73), auxiliary reclay (39) formation by critical air pressure; Critical air pressure exchanges contactor controller (70) and comprises stop button SB4 (98) and A.C. contactor KM4 (62), the end of stop button SB4 (98) links to each other with the static contact of often opening auxiliary contact (67) among the A.C. contactor KM4 (62), and the other end links to each other with the main circuit power line; Each road start-stop controller is by starting button, A.C. contactor and electrothermal relay constitute, critical air pressure exchanges contactor controller (70), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale start-stop controller (71), belt conveyer start-stop controller (72) and feeding system start-stop controller (73) are connected in parallel, cleaned coal conveying electronic scale start-stop controller (71), belt conveyer start-stop controller (72) and feeding system start-stop controller (73) pass through the wherein heater element of electrothermal relay (96) respectively, (93), (90) with cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) in the motor M3 (95) of belt conveyer, motor M2 (22) in the belt conveyer (2), the motor M1 (89) of batcher links to each other in the particle raw coal feeding system (1), often opens main contact (91) in each road start-stop controller, (94), (97) all the normally closed main contact (69) by A.C. contactor KM4 (62) links to each other with the main circuit power line; Press each motor of sequential firing of M3, M2, M1 by each starting button; FR1 normally closed interlock (85), the stop button SB4 (98) of electrothermal relay heater element (90) link to each other with sucking coil (87), the normally open contact (88) of auxiliary reclay (39) respectively in the feeding system start-stop controller (73); Electrical equipment interlocker (14) makes main circuit outage, the outlet that stops feed and cut out isotope and X light source (23) when each electromechanical component breaks down.
In the electronic pulse signal control system (3), isotope and X light source (23) and receiving transducer (25) are placed in the below and the top of the feed belt (29) of belt conveyer (2) respectively, cleaned coal that isotope and X light source (23) is carried particle raw coal feeding system (1) and spoil carry out the postradiation X-ray of X-ray and are weakened, receive the back by receiving transducer (25) and produce the different pulse train of two row, after passing through linear pulse amplifier (8), amplitude discriminator (10), linear gauge digit rate circuit (11) processing successively, delay time by multi-pulse delay device (12); The output of electronic pulse signal control system (3) is high power valve T in the impulse on-off control circuit (13)
2Colelctor electrode, T
2Colelctor electrode links to each other with the sucking coil L of pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4) high speed air valve (15), and the other end and the dc source of high speed air valve sucking coil L join; Link to each other with other each circuit respectively with the scaler of calibrating other each circuit working parameters (9) in order to check; High voltage regulated power supply (6) links to each other with receiving transducer (25).Coal stone identifier (111) is 0.01-0.001 second to the resolving time of each grade particles raw coal.
Amplitude discriminator (10) in the electronic pulse signal control system (3) can be substituted by single-channel analyzer, and linear gauge digit rate circuit (11) can be substituted by linear ratemeters.
Multi-pulse delay device (12) is by input coincidence counter (128), BCD decoder (129), joint group NAND gate (138), output NAND gate (139) and multichannel pulse delay circuit constitute, input coincidence counter (128) and BCD decoder (129) are connected to form the pulse train translation circuit, each output of BCD decoder (129) links to each other with input inverter and forward position d type flip flop in each road pulse delay circuit respectively, each road pulse delay circuit output links to each other with joint group NAND gate (138), and each joint group NAND gate (138) links to each other with output NAND gate (139); Integrator output terminal (118) links to each other with input coincidence counter (128) input (117) of multi-pulse delay device (12) in the linear gauge digit rate circuit (11), and output NAND gate (139) output (116) links to each other with pulse input end (115) in the impulse on-off control circuit (13) in the multi-pulse delay device (12).
Impulse on-off control circuit (13) in the electronic pulse signal control system (3) with the in-phase end and the end of oppisite phase of integrated operational amplifier (169), is got a termination R
2As pulse input end (115), get the other end by R
1And D
1Series connection and ground connection, R
1And D
1Contact and positive source between meet R
3, form equilibrium potential; Integrated operational amplifier (169) output series connection R
5After, to in-phase end cross-over connection feedback resistance R
4, to the positive pole D that relatively connects then between the ground
2And D
3, by R
5Series connection R
6Meet T again
1Base stage, T
1And T
2Colelctor electrode meets high speed air valve sucking coil L one end, another termination dc source of L, T
2Grounded emitter.Power on/off by the delay pulse control coil L of multi-pulse delay device (12) output makes high speed air valve (15) open or close; The commutating frequency of high speed air valve (15) is controlled at per second 0.5-70 times.
Electronic pulse signal control system among the present invention (3) and pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4) can discern with sorting thickness be cleaned coal and spoil in each grade particles raw coal more than 12-100 millimeters.
In technique scheme of the present invention, electronic pulse signal control system (3) the one has adopted the isotope and X light source (23) of not power consumption, and performance is very stable; The 2nd, adopted the high multi-pulse delay device of delay precision (12), have high sensitivity and high stability; The 3rd, adopt highly sensitive impulse on-off control circuit (13), can control high speed air valve (15) fast reaction action.The operating air pressure that drives high speed air valve (15) is carried out interlocked control,, stop whole system operation, avoid Lou selecting spoil in case operating air pressure subcritical atmospheric pressure value cuts off main circuit power by critical airbrasive interlocker (16).Mechanical interlocking device (21) control is adopted in the outlet of the screened room (35) of isotope and X light source (23), influences system works when electromechanical component breaks down or has a power failure, or when closing whole system, can be automatically with the outlet sealing of screened room (35), to guarantee safety.Motor M3, the M2, the M1 that are controlled cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5), belt conveyer (2), particle raw coal feeding system (1) three big parts by electrical equipment interlocker (14) respectively start successively, avoid the equipment overload operation and damage, and, improve security reliability of the present invention by protection of mistake heat-carrying and error protection that electrothermal relay is connected and realized motor; Electrical equipment interlocker (14) also links to each other with radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21) with critical airbrasive interlocker (16) respectively, realizes unified control, makes the present invention reliable and stable, and easy to operate, security performance is good.The present invention is to the sharpness of separation height of cleaned coal and spoil, and is practical, can satisfy the actual needs that coal industry is produced.Also can be used for the sorting of unclassified stores.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is an overall construction drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of belt conveyer (2);
Fig. 3-the 1st, the closed state structure chart of radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21);
Fig. 3-the 2nd, the opening structure chart of radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21);
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4);
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of critical airbrasive interlocker (16);
Fig. 6 is the control circuit schematic diagram of electrical equipment interlocker (14);
Fig. 7 is the theory structure block diagram of electronic pulse signal control system (3);
Fig. 8 is the circuit theory diagrams of multi-pulse delay device (12);
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of impulse on-off control circuit (13).
Fig. 1 has reflected overall structure of the present invention.The X-ray bundle that isotope and X light source (23) sends is the wire characteristic spectrum, and establishing its intensity is I., behind this light beam transmission particle raw coal (24), intensity weakens and is I=I.e
-μ t, the t in the formula is the thickness of coal or spoil, and μ is coal or the spoil attenuation constant to X-ray, and the isotope and X light source can guarantee that the μ value is steady in a long-term, makes recognition performance of the present invention stable.When the thickness t of coal or spoil is a certain definite scope, because spoil is to the attenuation constant μ of X-ray
1Greater than the attenuation constant μ of coal to X-ray
2, the feasible X-ray intensity I that sees through coal
2Greater than the X-ray intensity I that sees through spoil
1Raw coal identification and signal by electronic pulse signal control system (3) are handled, measure the different sizes of the two intensity, and the different X-ray intensity-conversion that will receive are two different current potentials, remove the corresponding current potential of wherein giving birth to, utilize the current potential of spoil grain flow correspondence to get rid of spoil in the particle raw coal (24) by the coal particle miscarriage.
The disintegrating machine of particle raw coal feeding system (1) and classifying screen are the products of general coal machine factory, can select as requested, electro-vibrating feeder can be to select for use 1-No. 5 electro-vibrating feeders producing of cement plant batching or other similar products from Xiangxiang City, Hunan Province radio factory.When the electrical equipment of particle raw coal feeding system (1) breaks down or during the operating air pressure subcritical value of pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), electrical equipment interlocker (14) is immediately with main circuit and entire equipment outage, and the termination feed, guarantee the safe handling of equipment and the quality of cleaned coal.
Belt conveyer shown in Figure 2 (2), four connectors (30) are fixed on two straight tube carrying rollers (28) and feed belt (29) on the bearing (27), blend stop (20) is installed so that each is differentiated that passage separates on the feed belt (29), a material raw coal is lined up ordered series of numbers by the discriminating passage and is passed through; Receiving transducer screened room (26) is installed on blend stop (20), and a plurality of receiving transducers (25) wherein are in line by the discriminating passage, and are installed in the inner chamber of receiving transducer screened room (26); Radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21) is installed in the centre of the feed belt (29) below the receiving transducer screened room (26).This X source of the present invention down, receiving transducer is in last structure, is easy to install and maintenance, also is convenient to be provided with overcoat.Radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21) but the semi-closure of semiautomatic control radiographic source outlet replaces manual operations, improved operating efficiency and safety coefficient.
Press the radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking controller shown in Fig. 3-1 and Fig. 3-2, when sucking coil (41) no power of middle relay K (39), screened room (35) is in the closed state of Fig. 3-1 expression, and the radiation that screened room gland (43) sends isotope and X light source (23) all is enclosed in the screened room (35); If make sucking coil (41) energising, moving iron core (42) is attracted coil (41) and attracts, drive link rod (38), then screened room gland (43) is pulled to the near side (ns) of sucking coil (41), make gland through hole (44) and concentric coincidence of radiographic source locating hole (48), the radiation that X source (23) sends is by penetrating gland through hole (44) shown in Fig. 3-2.When not needing X ray, press the button of auxiliary reclay K (39), make its sucking coil (41) outage, screened room (35) returns the state shown in Fig. 3-1 immediately, X ray is closed in the screened room (35), realizes that electromechanical assembly opens and closes radiogenic semi-automatic interlocked control.When power supply has a power failure suddenly, then close radiographic source automatically.This just makes radiographic source open and close and need not manual operations, guarantees safety.
Fig. 4 is a pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), wherein the operating air pressure of air accumulator (52), high speed air valve (15), stop valve (55), air gauge (56) is 0.3-1MPa, the commutating frequency of high speed air valve (15) is limited in per second 0.5-70 times, the optional 26300 structural series solenoid directional control valves of producing with Shanghai pneumatic element factory.Critical airbrasive interlocker (16) is installed on the air accumulator (52), so that utilize Pressure gauge (56) to regulate the critical atmospheric pressure value that high speed air valve (15) requires; Trash receptacle (19) lower end, side has wicket, constantly exports the spoil particle from this wicket, and trash receptacle (19) upper end is furnished with chute, is convenient to the cleaned coal particle and slips to cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5).
By critical airbrasive interlocker (16) shown in Figure 5, when the operating air pressure in the air chamber (60) during more than or equal to critical atmospheric pressure value, because spring (65) is suitable with critical air pressure to the upper elasticity of valve (63), the elastic force straight up that is subjected to greater than it with joint efforts straight down that valve (63) is subjected to, auxiliary contact (67) often left by A.C. contactor can be not closed, and sucking coil (68) no power, normally closed main contact (69) keep normally closed, make the main circuit normal power supply, the present invention normally moves; When the operating air pressure in the air chamber (60) during less than critical air pressure, the elastic force straight up that is subjected to less than it with joint efforts straight down that valve (63) is subjected to, spring (65) heads on valve (63) and rises, often opening the moving contact of auxiliary contact (67) collides with its static contact immediately, sucking coil (68) energising, normally closed main contact (69) separates immediately, the main circuit outage, each parts of the present invention all quit work, and cause a large amount of particle spoils to infiltrate the cleaned coal particle when avoiding lower operating air pressure discharge refuse.After the main circuit outage, the operator can adjust the pressure sensing contactor of air compressor machine immediately, improves the operating air pressure in the air chamber (60), recovers the efficient that compressed air is got rid of spoil, makes sizing machine for gangue recover normal operation immediately.
Electrical equipment interlocker (14) shown in Figure 6 is installed in cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) next door.Cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) is a kind of belt scale of microcomputerized control, it can regulate zero point automatically, calibration back continuous metering, system dynamic accuracy requires to ± 0.5%, it is 3-100T/h that range of weighing requires, and six bit digital show, printout, belt speed is 0.3-3 meter per seconds, can select many carrying rollers of CS-5 type microcomputerized control belt conveyer scale of new high-tech industry district, Changsha shellfish benefactor department production for use.In Fig. 6, stop button SB4 (98) is normally closed button, when main circuit is connected power supply, at first presses starting button SB3 (76), KM3 sucking coil (77) energising, and KM3 often opens auxiliary contact (75) and often opens main contact (97) closure, motor M3 (95) starting; Secondly press starting button SB2 (79), KM2 sucking coil (80) energising, KM2 often opens auxiliary contact (82) and KM2 often opens main contact (94) closure, motor M2 (22) starting; Press starting button SB1 (83) again, KM1 sucking coil (84) energising, KM1 often opens auxiliary contact (86) and KM1 often opens main contact (91) closure, motor M1 (89) starting.Electrical equipment interlocker (14) has guaranteed that the present invention can only be by the sequential firing of motor M3, M2, M1, otherwise all fail to starts, thereby guarantee that belt conveyer (2) and cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) the excess load accident can not take place.When not needing the present invention to work, stop supplies particle raw coal, make all no-load running of motor M1, M2, M3, press stop button SB4 (98), then M1, M2, M3 and auxiliary reclay (39) are all out of service, radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21) is enclosed in X source in the screened room (35) thereupon, need not hand closed.KM4 is the A.C. contactor (62) of critical airbrasive interlocker (16), when the operating air pressure subcritical air pressure in the air chamber (60) of interlocker (16), KM4 often opens the moving contact of auxiliary contact (67) and its static contact closure of colliding, KM4 sucking coil (68) energising, the normally closed main contact of KM4 in the main circuit (69) separates immediately, the main circuit outage.After the operator regulates, press auxiliary reclay normally open contact (88), start M3, M2, three motor of M1 more in order, the present invention recovers normal operation immediately.Because normally closed interlock (78), (81), (85) of three electrothermal relays are connected in series, any one overload heating of three motor, corresponding normally closed interlock separately, three motor and auxiliary reclay (39) are all out of service because of the control circuit outage.Thereby improved security reliability of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is electronic pulse signal control system (3).Carry out in the process of coal separation in the present invention, at first preheating electronic pulse signal control system (3) is about 10 minutes, and calibrate each parameter of this system with scaler (9), open stop valve (55), regulate critical air pressure, close the gate of classifying screen, check and calibration electrical equipment interlocker (14) are opened classifying screen again and are prepared feed; Open the outlet of radiographic source screened room (35), the cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) of starting by sequence, belt conveyer (2), particle raw coal feeding system (1).When the particle raw coal enters belt conveyer (2), cut apart by blend stop (20) and, at the uniform velocity advance by differentiating that passage lines up ordered series of numbers; When particle raw coal (24) passes through the top of isotope and X light source (23), the X-ray bundle that isotope and X light source (23) sends, after being weakened a part by particle raw coal (24), inject receiving transducer (25), export two different row negative pulses of counting rate by photoelectric conversion part wherein at receiving transducer concatenation type White follower output (27), the negative pulse that counting rate is low is that the spoil grain flow produces, the negative pulse that counting rate is high is that the coal particle miscarriage is given birth to, two row negative pulses are imported linear pulse amplifier (8) simultaneously and are amplified, after anti-phase, be input to amplitude discriminator (10), remove the noise jamming that produces previously, be input to linear gauge digit rate circuit (11) again, integrator integration through linear counting rate circuit (11) is synthetic, the impulse transfer that the coal particle miscarriage is given birth to is a row high potential, the impulse transfer that the spoil grain flow is produced is a row electronegative potential, the different current potential of this two row height staggers mutually in time, form the new pulse train of row, this new composite pulse sequence is exported by integrator output terminal (118), input coincidence counter input (117) through multi-pulse delay device (12) is delayed time, by output NAND gate output (116) output, add to the input (115) of impulse on-off control circuit (13), high power valve T2 conducting by the pulse train bottom trigger control circuit (13) corresponding with the spoil grain flow, high speed air valve sucking coil L energising, high speed air valve (15) is opened, compressed air is got rid of spoil, makes it to fall into trash receptacle (19); And flowing not trigger impulse starting or stopping control circuit (13) of corresponding pulse train top with coal particle, high speed air valve (15) is not opened, and makes coal particle stream freely enter cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5).Stop the starter motor of particle raw coal feeding system (1), belt conveyer (2), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) at last in order, reduction also makes the high voltage regulated power supply (6) of electronic pulse signal control system (3) be output as zero, turn off whole power supplys and source of the gas, work of the present invention stops.
In electronic pulse signal control system (3), adopt amplitude discriminator (10) and linear gauge digit rate circuit (11), improved the sensitivity of identification coal and spoil, shortened resolving time; Adopt multi-pulse delay device to improve discharge refuse efficient; Adopt impulse on-off control circuit to improve the sensitivity and the stability of pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4).
In Fig. 8, be input to the pulse train of multi-pulse delay device (12) input (117), be transfused to coincidence counter (128) and BCD decoder (129) is transformed to a plurality of pulses in BCD decoder output and line output, and deliver in the pulse delay circuit of each pulse correspondence and delay time, export the delay pulse sequence with the form of former pulse train by joint group NAND gate (138) and output NAND gate (139) at last.Adopt multi-pulse delay device (12), time delay can be greater than the pulse period, and delay precision is far above in the past any pulse delay circuit, thereby guarantees to get rid of the most spoils in the raw coal.
Fig. 9 is an embodiment of impulse on-off control circuit (13).The pulse train of having delayed time is added to pulse input end (115), current potential bottom the corresponding pulse train of spoil grain flow is lower than the equilibrium potential of the end of oppisite phase of integrated operational amplifier (169), integrated operational amplifier (169) output negative potential, anti-phase through not gate, make high power valve T2 conducting, high speed air valve sucking coil L is inhaled open valve, compressed air is got rid of spoil; The current potential at the pulse train top corresponding with coal particle stream is higher than the equilibrium potential of integrated operational amplifier (169) end of oppisite phase, integrated operational amplifier (169) output positive potential, high power valve T2 ends, high speed air valve sucking coil L no power, high speed air valve (15) is not opened, and coal particle stream freely leaves.Impulse on-off control circuit (13) highly sensitive can guarantee stable and get rid of spoil apace.
Compare with existing wash water method coal preparation technology, the present invention has the following advantages: the one, and adopt and do not have The isotope and X light source of power type, the power consumption that is in operation and production cost are all very low, preliminary examination With showing, power consumption of the present invention is 2 degree per ton, and production cost is 2 yuan per ton, and existing coal washing The power consumption of factory is 6.5 degree per ton, and production cost is per ton more than 8.2 yuan; The 2nd, fixed assets are thrown Money is much smaller than existing coal washery, and adopting the present invention to build year coal separation ability is 1,800,000 tons Coal preparation plant, the fixed investment of preresearch estimates only has more than 2,000 ten thousand yuan, and by traditional washing The coal washery that the water conservancy project skill is built a same size, investment in fixed assets is up to more than 200,000,000 yuan; Three Be the volume and weight of whole equipment all much smaller than existing coal washery, length of the present invention only has several Rice, width and highly only having about 2 meters, be adapted at the colliery near coal-mine with underground separation particle raw coal, Gangue treatment in the down-hole, reduced the disposal cost of spoil greatly, can increase substantially the colliery Economic benefit, and existing year Cleaning capacity be 1,800,000 tons coal washery, take up an area approximately several Hundred mu, equipment is huge, therefore can not be in the near coal-mine construction coal washery in colliery. The present invention overcomes Many deficiencies of existing coal washing technology, practical, wide market is at home and abroad arranged.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of sizing machine for gangue with transmission of radiation sorting raw coal, it is characterized in that it is made up of particle raw coal feeding system (1), belt conveyer (2), electronic pulse signal control system (3), pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5), particle raw coal feeding system (1) is made up of disintegrating machine, classifying screen and electro-vibrating feeder; Belt conveyer (2) comprises feed belt (29), the straight tube of metal carrying roller (28), blend stop (20), autosynchronous motor M2 (22), feed belt (29) is pulled into the plane by former and later two metals straight tube carrying rollers (28), and each above it differentiated between the passage and separated with a plurality of blend stops (20); Electronic pulse signal control system (3) is by coal stone identifier (111), multi-pulse delay device (12), impulse on-off control circuit (13) series connection constitutes, coal stone identifier (111) wherein is by isotope and X light source (23), receiving transducer (25), high voltage regulated power supply (6), low-tension supply (7), linear pulse amplifier (8), scaler (9), amplitude discriminator (10), linear gauge digit rate circuit (11) is formed, receiving transducer (25) and isotope and X light source (23) are installed in the upper and lower of feed belt (29) respectively, and place respectively among radiographic source screened room (35) and the receiving transducer screened room (26); Receiving transducer (25), linear pulse amplifier (8), amplitude discriminator (10), linear counting road rate circuit (11) are connected in series; Pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4) is made up of high speed air valve (15), critical airbrasive interlocker (16), trash receptacle (19), air accumulator support (51), air accumulator (52), stop valve (55), air gauge (56), critical airbrasive interlocker (16) and high speed air valve (15) are installed on the air accumulator (52), and trash receptacle (19) is installed between belt conveyer (2) and the cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5); Cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) comprises belt conveyer, microcomputer control system, digital display, prints weighing apparatus automatically, and cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) is installed in the bottom of belt conveyer (2) discharge end, and the vertical drop of the two is 0.2-1.8 meters; When particle raw coal feeding system (1) is carried the particle raw coal to belt conveyer (2), the receiving transducer (25) of electronic pulse signal control system (3) is exported corresponding negative pulse sequence by cleaned coal and spoil, through coal stone identifier (111) identification, after multi-pulse delay device (12) time-delay, be transported to impulse on-off control circuit (13), control the switching of the high speed air valve (15) of pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), high speed air valve (15) is opened and is then sprayed compressed air eliminating spoil to trash receptacle (19), and high speed air valve (15) is closed and then appointed cleaned coal to be sent on the feed belt of cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5).
2, sizing machine for gangue according to claim 1, the average life span that it is characterized in that isotope and X light source (23) is more than 3 years or 3 years, the energy of the X-ray of its emission is more than 8Kev, and the intensity of X-ray also can adopt soft γ, χ, β mixing source more than 3 millicuries.
3, sizing machine for gangue according to claim 1, it is characterized in that cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5), pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4), belt conveyer (2) and particle raw coal feeding system (1) all link to each other with an electrical equipment interlocker (14), electrical equipment interlocker (14) exchanges contactor controller (70), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale start-stop controller (71), belt conveyer start-stop controller (72), feeding system start-stop controller (73), auxiliary reclay (39) formation by critical air pressure; Critical air pressure exchanges contactor controller (70) and comprises stop button SB4 (98) and A.C. contactor KM4 (62), the end of stop button SB4 (98) links to each other with the static contact of often opening auxiliary contact (67) among the A.C. contactor KM4 (62), and the other end links to each other with the main circuit power line; Each road start-stop controller is by starting button, A.C. contactor and electrothermal relay constitute, critical air pressure exchanges contactor controller (70), cleaned coal conveying electronic scale start-stop controller (71), belt conveyer start-stop controller (72) and feeding system start-stop controller (73) are connected in parallel, cleaned coal conveying electronic scale start-stop controller (71), belt conveyer start-stop controller (72) and feeding system start-stop controller (73) pass through the wherein heater element of electrothermal relay (96) respectively, (93), (90) with cleaned coal conveying electronic scale (5) in the motor M3 (95) of belt conveyer, motor M2 (22) in the belt conveyer (2), the motor M1 (89) of batcher links to each other in the particle raw coal feeding system (1), often opens main contact (91) in each road start-stop controller, (94), (97) all the normally closed main contact (69) by A.C. contactor KM4 (62) links to each other with the main circuit power line; Press each motor of sequential firing of M3, M2, M1 by each starting button; FR1 normally closed interlock (85), the stop button SB4 (98) of electrothermal relay heater element (90) link to each other with sucking coil (87), the normally open contact (88) of auxiliary reclay 39 respectively in the feeding system start-stop controller (73); Electrical equipment interlocker (14) makes main circuit outage, the outlet that stops feed and cut out isotope and X light source (23) when each electromechanical component breaks down.
4, according to claim 1 or 3 described sizing machine for gangue, it is characterized in that radiographic source screened room (35) links to each other with the radiographic source screened room mechanical interlocking device (21) that can control its switching, this interlocker (21) is by spring (37), link rod (38) constitutes, and link to each other with auxiliary reclay (39) in the electrical equipment interlocker (14), its medi-spring (37) one ends link to each other with screened room (35) base, the other end links to each other with the screened room that has through hole (35) gland, link rod (38) one ends link to each other with screened room (35) gland together with spring (37), the other end links to each other with the moving iron core of auxiliary reclay (39), spring (37) and link rod (38) but push-and-pull screened room (35) gland slide; When middle relay (39) sucking coil was switched on, screened room (35) gland was with the radiographic source port opening, and when middle relay (39) sucking coil cut off the power supply, screened room (35) gland was with radiographic source outlet sealing.
5, according to claim 1 or 3 described sizing machine for gangue, it is characterized in that critical airbrasive interlocker (16) in the pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4) is by pressure adjusting nut (58), air inlet end cap (59), air chamber (60), sealing ring (61), valve (63), bolt (64) and spring (65) constitute, and the A.C. contactor KM4 (62) that exchanges contactor controller (70) with critical air pressure in the electrical equipment interlocker (14) links to each other, sealing ring (61) is clipped between air chamber (60) upper end planar annular and the air inlet end cap (59), the footpath is connected with pressure adjusting nut (58) by outer silk screw thread outside the cylinder of air chamber (60) lower end, air chamber (60) inner bottom is placed the circular cone stage body of valve (63) upper end, spring (65) entangles valve (63) lower end and is held by pressure adjusting nut (58), insulating trip (66) is equipped with in bottom, valve (63) lower end, air chamber (60) communicates with air accumulator (52), A.C. contactor KM4 (62) comprises and often opens auxiliary contact (67), sucking coil (68), normally closed main contact (69), normally closed main contact (69) links to each other with the main circuit power line, often opens auxiliary contact (67) and links to each other with valve (63) bottom; When in the air chamber (60) during operating air pressure subcritical atmospheric pressure value, main circuit power is cut off the power supply by normally closed main contact (69).
6, sizing machine for gangue according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the electronic pulse signal control system (3), isotope and X light source (23) and receiving transducer (25) are placed in the below and the top of the feed belt (29) of belt conveyer (2) respectively, cleaned coal that isotope and X light source (23) is carried particle raw coal feeding system (1) and spoil carry out the postradiation X-ray of X-ray and are weakened, receive the back by receiving transducer (25) and produce the different pulse train of two row, pass through linear pulse amplifier (8) successively, amplitude discriminator (10), linear gauge digit rate circuit (11) is delayed time by multi-pulse delay device (12) after handling; The output of electronic pulse signal control system (3) is the colelctor electrode of high power valve T2 in the impulse on-off control circuit (13), the T2 colelctor electrode links to each other with the sucking coil L of pneumatic discharge refuse assembly (4) high speed air valve (15), and the other end and the dc source of high speed air valve sucking coil L join; Link to each other with other each circuit respectively with the scaler of calibrating other each circuit working parameters (9) in order to check; High voltage regulated power supply (6) links to each other with receiving transducer (25).
7, according to claim 1 or 6 described sizing machine for gangue, it is characterized in that the amplitude discriminator (10) in the electronic pulse signal control system (3) can be substituted by single-channel analyzer, linear gauge digit rate circuit (11) can be substituted by linear ratemeters.
8, according to claim 1 or 6 described sizing machine for gangue, it is characterized in that multi-pulse delay device (12) is by input coincidence counter (128), BCD decoder (129), joint group NAND gate (138), output NAND gate (139) and multichannel pulse delay circuit constitute, input coincidence counter (128) and BCD decoder (129) are connected to form the pulse train translation circuit, each output of BCD decoder (129) links to each other with input inverter and forward position d type flip flop in each road pulse delay circuit respectively, each road pulse delay circuit output links to each other with joint group NAND gate (138), and each joint group NAND gate (138) links to each other with output NAND gate (139); Integrator output terminal (118) links to each other with input coincidence counter (128) input (117) of multi-pulse delay device (12) in the linear gauge digit rate circuit (11), and output NAND gate (139) output (116) links to each other with pulse input end (115) in the impulse on-off control circuit (13) in the multi-pulse delay device (12).
9, according to claim 1 or 6 described sizing machine for gangue, it is characterized in that impulse on-off control circuit (13), in-phase end and end of oppisite phase with integrated operational amplifier (169), get a termination R2 as pulse input end (115), get the other end by R1 and D1 series connection and ground connection, meet R3 between the contact of R1 and D1 and the positive source, form equilibrium potential; Behind integrated operational amplifier (169) the output series connection R5, to in-phase end cross-over connection feedback resistance R4, to relatively connect D2 and D3 of positive pole then between the ground, R6 connects the T1 base stage again by the R5 series connection, T1 and T2 colelctor electrode connect high speed air valve sucking coil L one end, another termination dc source of L, T2 grounded emitter; Power on/off by the delay pulse control coil L of multi-pulse delay device (12) output makes high speed air valve (15) open or close, and the commutating frequency of high speed air valve (15) is controlled at per second 0.5-70 times.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94113310 CN1125645A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1994-12-30 | Sizing machine for gangue |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94113310 CN1125645A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1994-12-30 | Sizing machine for gangue |
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| CN1125645A true CN1125645A (en) | 1996-07-03 |
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| CN 94113310 Pending CN1125645A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1994-12-30 | Sizing machine for gangue |
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