CN106994447A - A kind of equipment that sorting is integrated for radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and barren rock - Google Patents
A kind of equipment that sorting is integrated for radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and barren rock Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- VBWSWBQVYDBVGA-NAHFVJFTSA-N uranium-234;uranium-235;uranium-238 Chemical compound [234U].[235U].[238U] VBWSWBQVYDBVGA-NAHFVJFTSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/346—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radioactive properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于放射性铀矿石精矿、贫矿与废石综合分选的设备。该设备由供料系统、第一级识别分选系统、第二级识别分选系统和输送系统组成；供料系统包括振动给料台、给料斜槽，第一级识别分选系统包括第一级γ射线探测器、第一级激光探测仪、第一级控制器、第一级驱动装置、推进板、转动轮、联动臂杆和导轨；第二级识别分选系统包括第二级γ射线探测器、第二级控制器、第二级驱动装置、推进板、转动轮、联动臂杆和导轨；输送系统包括采出矿石输送皮带、第一级分选斜槽、第一级挡板、第一级分选块石输送皮带、第二级分选斜槽、第二级挡板、第二级分选块石输送皮带；该设备可同时完成铀矿石精矿、贫矿及废石分选工作，效率高，稳定性强。
The invention discloses a device for comprehensive separation of radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock. The equipment consists of a feeding system, a first-level identification and sorting system, a second-level identification and sorting system, and a conveying system; the feeding system includes a vibrating feeding table, a feeding chute, and the first-level identification and sorting system includes The first-level γ-ray detector, the first-level laser detector, the first-level controller, the first-level driving device, the push plate, the rotating wheel, the linkage arm and the guide rail; the second-level identification and sorting system includes the second-level γ Radiation detector, second-level controller, second-level driving device, pusher plate, rotating wheel, linkage arm and guide rail; the conveying system includes the mining ore conveyor belt, the first-level sorting chute, and the first-level baffle , the first-stage sorting rock conveyor belt, the second-stage sorting chute, the second-stage baffle plate, and the second-stage sorting rock conveyor belt; this equipment can simultaneously complete uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock Sorting work, high efficiency, strong stability.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于工业设备领域，涉及一种矿石分选装置，特别涉及一种用于放射性铀矿石精矿、贫矿与废石综合分选的设备。The invention belongs to the field of industrial equipment, and relates to an ore sorting device, in particular to a device for comprehensive sorting of radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock.
背景技术Background technique
20世纪80年代，美国曾做过研究：原矿U3O8品位从0.1％提高到0.2％，每磅U3O8的直接加工费用可以节约近50％；我国衡阳铀水冶厂的研究结果表明：铀品位每降低0.01％，按铀质量计成本要提高11％～15％。所以，很多国家都非常重视利用选矿手段来提高水冶前的铀矿石品位，并将设备研发重点集中在精矿与贫矿的甄别上。值得注意的是，我国铀矿石以地浸砂岩型和硬岩经济型为主，露天开采过程中，特别是在层状沉积的砂岩矿脉上，难免有废石混入，以至贫化当前铀矿石资源，导致生产成本增加。因此，在对精矿与贫矿进行甄别的同时，也需要对铀矿石与废石的分选给予足够的重视。In the 1980s, the United States had done research: the grade of raw ore U 3 O 8 was increased from 0.1% to 0.2%, and the direct processing cost of U 3 O 8 per pound could be saved by nearly 50%; the research results of China’s Hengyang Uranium Smelter It shows that every 0.01% reduction in uranium grade will increase the cost by 11% to 15% in terms of uranium mass. Therefore, many countries attach great importance to the use of beneficiation methods to improve the grade of uranium ore before hydrometallurgy, and focus on equipment research and development on the screening of concentrates and lean ores. It is worth noting that my country's uranium ore is mainly of in-situ leaching sandstone and hard rock economical type. In the process of open-pit mining, especially on the layered sandstone veins, it is inevitable that waste rock will be mixed in, so as to deplete the current uranium ore resources. , leading to an increase in production costs. Therefore, while screening concentrates and lean ores, it is also necessary to pay sufficient attention to the separation of uranium ores and waste rocks.
现有的矿石分选机主要基于以下几种方式识别物料类别：①利用X射线、γ射线等穿透能力强的射线来照射矿石物料，通过分析投射后的射线能级衰减特征来识别矿石原子序数特征；②利用核辐射衰减理论，依据射线在不同物料中透射差别原理，识别分拣矿石；③利用不同物料的近红外特征识别矿石类别；④利用矿石块中元素受不同射线照射激发产生的电磁波谱，通过特征谱比对或特征谱强度感知来识别矿石类别；⑤利用放射性射线探测器感知放射强度，利用激光光电探测器、摄像器或射线粒子测量矿块粒度，从而估算矿石品位；⑥利用视觉识别系统，基于矿物质的光谱特性识别矿石类别。Existing ore sorting machines are mainly based on the following methods to identify material categories: ① Utilize X-rays, gamma rays and other rays with strong penetrating power to irradiate ore materials, and identify ore atoms by analyzing the energy level attenuation characteristics of the projected rays Ordinal number characteristics; ② Utilize the nuclear radiation attenuation theory, and identify and sort ores according to the principle of radiation transmission difference in different materials; ③ Utilize the near-infrared characteristics of different materials to identify ore categories; ④ Utilize the elements in the ore block stimulated by different radiation Electromagnetic spectrum, identify the ore category through characteristic spectrum comparison or characteristic spectrum intensity perception; ⑤Use radioactive ray detectors to sense radiation intensity, and use laser photodetectors, cameras or ray particles to measure the particle size of ore blocks, thereby estimating ore grade; ⑥ Using a visual identification system, the ore category is identified based on the mineral's spectral properties.
在物料识别后，现有矿石分选机主要采用以下三种方法对目标矿石进行分拣：①利用气动分离装置分选矿石；②利用带图像识别系统的机械手臂自动分拣矿石；③利用分隔挡板适时分选矿石。其中气动分离装置选用较多，它通过高压空气喷射改变目标矿石抛落路径与方向，实现分选目的；机械手臂分拣则是在机械自动化工艺水平提高后的产物；分隔挡板是采用物理方法改变目标矿石的抛落路径与方向。After the material identification, the existing ore sorting machine mainly adopts the following three methods to sort the target ore: ① use the pneumatic separation device to sort the ore; ② use the mechanical arm with the image recognition system to automatically sort the ore; ③ use the separation The baffle separates the ore in good time. Among them, the pneumatic separation device is mostly used, which changes the path and direction of the target ore through high-pressure air injection to achieve the purpose of sorting; the sorting of the mechanical arm is the product of the improvement of the level of mechanical automation technology; the separation baffle adopts physical methods Change the path and direction of the target ore.
在进行铀矿石精矿与贫矿甄别和废石分选时，出于清洁、环保和降低成本的目的，最大限度利用铀矿石的天然放射性将是分选设备设计时的首选。一方面，稳定、经济、可靠的目标矿石分拣方案，将是决定产品线使用效率及推广价值的重点，现有矿石分选机大多集中在精矿与贫矿的甄选技术上，却忽略了矿石内废石的分选。另一方面，现有设备的分选效率及可靠性较低，稳定性不足。因此，基于铀矿石天然放射性特征，设计一种稳定、经济、可靠的铀矿石精矿、贫矿及废石分选同步完成的分选设备，对于提高采出矿石品位，优化矿石品位结构，减少铀矿石生产成本，具有重要的战略意义和经济价值。本发明的提出正是为了解决上述技术问题。When screening uranium ore concentrates and lean ores and sorting waste rocks, for the purpose of cleaning, environmental protection and cost reduction, maximizing the use of natural radioactivity of uranium ores will be the first choice for the design of sorting equipment. On the one hand, a stable, economical and reliable target ore sorting solution will be the focus of determining the use efficiency and promotion value of the product line. Most of the existing ore sorting machines focus on the selection technology of concentrate and lean ore, but ignore the Sorting of waste rock in ore. On the other hand, the sorting efficiency and reliability of existing equipment are low, and the stability is insufficient. Therefore, based on the natural radioactive characteristics of uranium ore, designing a stable, economical and reliable sorting equipment for the simultaneous separation of uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock will help improve the grade of mined ore, optimize the grade structure of ore, and reduce The production cost of uranium ore has important strategic significance and economic value. The present invention is proposed in order to solve the above technical problems.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种用于放射性铀矿石精矿、贫矿与废石综合分选的设备，用于解决铀矿石开采过程中由于废石混入而引起的铀矿石贫化，以及矿石品位结构粗放，导致的单位质量铀生产成本过高的问题。本发明不仅适用于在矿岩块堆中智能分拣铀矿石与废石，它还可以在铀矿石中分选精矿与贫矿，并同步完成上述两项分选任务，有效解决铀矿生产成本过高、分选效率及可靠性较低的问题。The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive sorting equipment for radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock, which is used to solve the problem of uranium ore depletion caused by waste rock mixing in the process of uranium ore mining, and the ore grade The extensive structure leads to the problem of high production cost per unit mass of uranium. The invention is not only suitable for intelligently sorting uranium ore and waste rock in ore block piles, it can also sort concentrate and lean ore in uranium ore, and simultaneously complete the above two sorting tasks, effectively solving the problem of uranium ore production. The problems of high cost, low sorting efficiency and reliability.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种用于放射性铀矿石精矿、贫矿与废石综合分选的设备，其特征在于：包括供料系统、第一级识别分选系统、第二级识别分选系统和输送系统组成；A device for comprehensive separation of radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock, characterized in that it consists of a feeding system, a first-level identification and separation system, a second-level identification and separation system, and a conveying system;
所述供料系统包括振动给料台、给料斜槽，所述振动给料台和所述给料斜槽活动连接，所述给料斜槽设置于所述输送系统上；The feeding system includes a vibrating feeding table and a feeding chute, the vibrating feeding table is movably connected to the feeding chute, and the feeding chute is arranged on the conveying system;
所述输送系统包括采出矿石输送皮带、第一级分选斜槽、第一级分选块石输送皮带、第二级分选斜槽、第二级分选块石输送皮带；所述第一级分选斜槽连接于所述采出矿石输送皮带与所述第一级分选块石输送皮带之间；所述第二级分选斜槽连接于所述第一级分选块石输送皮带与所述第二级分选块石输送皮带之间；The conveying system includes a mining ore conveyor belt, a first-stage sorting chute, a first-stage sorting block conveyor belt, a second-stage sorting chute, and a second-stage sorting block conveyor belt; The primary sorting chute is connected between the extracted ore conveyor belt and the first-stage sorting block conveyor belt; the second-stage sorting chute is connected to the first-stage sorting block Between the conveyor belt and the second-stage sorting stone conveyor belt;
所述第一级识别分选系统包括第一级检测组件、第一级控制器、第一级驱动装置、推进板，所述第一级驱动装置连接有所述推进板，所述第一级检测组件、推进板、第一级分选斜槽布置在同一平面内，所述推进板设置于所述采出矿石输送皮带的上侧，所述第一级驱动装置设置于所述采出矿石输送皮带的一侧，所述第一级分选斜槽设置于所述采出矿石输送皮带的另一侧，并与所述推进板相对设置；The first-level identification and sorting system includes a first-level detection component, a first-level controller, a first-level drive device, and a pusher plate, the first-level drive device is connected with the pusher plate, and the first-level The detection assembly, the pusher plate, and the first-stage sorting chute are arranged in the same plane, the pusher plate is set on the upper side of the ore conveyor belt, and the first-stage drive device is set on the ore conveyor belt. One side of the conveyor belt, the first-stage sorting chute is set on the other side of the ore conveyor belt, and is set opposite to the pusher plate;
所述第二级识别分选系统包括第二级检测组件、第二级控制器、第二级驱动装置、推进板，所述第二级驱动装置连接有所述推进板，所述第二级检测组件、推进板、第二级分选斜槽布置在同一平面内，所述推进板设置于所述第一级分选块石输送皮带的上侧，所述第二级驱动装置设置于所述第一级分选块石输送皮带的一侧，所述第二级分选斜槽设置于所述第一级分选块石输送皮带的另一侧，并与所述推进板相对设置。The second-level identification and sorting system includes a second-level detection component, a second-level controller, a second-level drive device, and a pusher plate, the second-level drive device is connected to the pusher plate, and the second-level The detection assembly, the pusher plate, and the second-stage sorting chute are arranged in the same plane, the pusher plate is set on the upper side of the first-stage sorting stone conveyor belt, and the second-stage drive device is set on the One side of the first-stage sorting stone conveyor belt, the second-stage sorting chute is arranged on the other side of the first-stage stone sorting conveyor belt, and is opposite to the push plate.
优选的，所述第一级识别分选系统和第二级识别分选系统依次设置有若干组。Preferably, the first-level identification and sorting system and the second-level identification and sorting system are provided in several groups in sequence.
优选的，所述第一级检测组件包括所述第一级γ射线探测器与所述第一级激光探测仪，并列设置于所述采出矿石输送皮带的上侧；所述第二级检测组件包括所述第二级γ射线探测器与所述第二级激光探测仪，并列设置于所述第一级分选块石输送皮带的上侧。Preferably, the first-level detection component includes the first-level gamma-ray detector and the first-level laser detector, which are arranged side by side on the upper side of the ore conveyor belt; the second-level detection The assembly includes the second-level gamma-ray detector and the second-level laser detector, which are arranged side by side on the upper side of the first-level sorting block conveyor belt.
优选的，所述第一级驱动装置和第二级驱动装置为步进电机。Preferably, the first-stage driving device and the second-stage driving device are stepping motors.
优选的，所述第一级驱动装置和第二级驱动装置也可以为液压缸或者气压缸，所述第一级驱动装置和第二级驱动装置连接有所述推进板。Preferably, the first-stage driving device and the second-stage driving device can also be hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders, and the first-stage driving device and the second-stage driving device are connected with the push plate.
优选的，所述推进板包括推板、连杆和连接件，所述连杆连接所述推板和连接件。Preferably, the push plate includes a push plate, a connecting rod and a connecting piece, and the connecting rod connects the pushing plate and the connecting piece.
优选的，所述第一级驱动装置、所述第一级γ射线探测器和所述第一级激光探测仪分别电连接于所述的第一级控制器；所述第二级驱动装置、所述第二级γ射线探测器和所述第二级激光探测仪分别电连接于所述的第二级控制器。Preferably, the first-level driving device, the first-level gamma-ray detector and the first-level laser detector are electrically connected to the first-level controller; the second-level driving device, The second-level gamma-ray detector and the second-level laser detector are respectively electrically connected to the second-level controller.
优选的，所述第一识别分选系统及所述第二级识别分选系统构造相同，还包括转动轮、联动臂杆和导轨，所述步进电机连接所述转动轮，所述转动轮通过所述联动臂杆固定连接在所述推进板的连接件上，所述连杆和连接件活动连接在所述导轨内部。Preferably, the first identification and sorting system and the second-level identification and sorting system have the same structure, and also include a rotating wheel, a linkage arm and a guide rail, the stepping motor is connected to the rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel The linkage arm is fixedly connected to the connecting piece of the push plate, and the connecting rod and the connecting piece are movably connected inside the guide rail.
优选的，所述输送系统还包括第一级挡板、第二级挡板；所述第一级分选斜槽与所述第一级挡板相对设置于所述第一级分选块石输送皮带两侧，所述第二级分选斜槽与所述第二级挡板相对设置于所述第二级分选块石输送皮带两侧。Preferably, the conveying system also includes a first-stage baffle and a second-stage baffle; the first-stage sorting chute is opposite to the first-stage baffle and is arranged on the first-stage sorting stone On both sides of the conveying belt, the second-stage sorting chute and the second-stage baffle are arranged on both sides of the second-stage sorting block stone conveying belt opposite to each other.
优选的，所述给料斜槽、第一级分选斜槽和第二级分选斜槽两侧设置有挡板。Preferably, baffles are provided on both sides of the feeding chute, the first-stage sorting chute and the second-stage sorting chute.
本发明相对于现有技术而言取得了以下技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:
1)普遍适用于具有放射性精矿、贫矿与废石的分选；1) It is generally applicable to the separation of radioactive concentrate, lean ore and waste rock;
2)γ射线探测器和激光探测仪协同工作，可根据爆堆块石实际情况，智能选择分选对象；2) The γ-ray detector and the laser detector work together to intelligently select the sorting object according to the actual situation of the explosive pile;
3)智能分选铀矿石与废石的同时，同步分选铀矿石的精矿与贫矿；3) While intelligently sorting uranium ore and waste rock, simultaneously sort the concentrate and lean ore of uranium ore;
4)分选设备可靠性高，稳定性好，成本低。4) The sorting equipment has high reliability, good stability and low cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor.
为了更清楚地说明本发明现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
图1为本发明放射性铀矿石精矿、贫矿与废石综合分选的设备的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the equipment for comprehensive separation of radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock of the present invention;
图2为本发明第一级识别分选系统的连接关系示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the first-level identification and sorting system of the present invention;
图3为本发明第一级识别分选系统的部分零部件拆分示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of some parts of the first-level identification and sorting system of the present invention.
其中，1-振动给料台、2-给料斜槽、3-采出矿石输送皮带、4-第一级激光探测仪、5-第一级γ射线探测器、6-第一级控制器、7-第一级识别分选系统、8-第一级分选斜槽、9-第一级挡板、10-第一级分选块石输送皮带、11-第二级激光探测仪、12-第二级γ射线探测器、13-第二级控制器、14-第二级识别分选系统、15-第二级分选斜槽、16-第二级挡板、17-第二级分选块石输送皮带、18-步进电机、19-转动轮、20-联动臂杆、21-推板、22-导轨、23-连杆、24-连接件。Among them, 1-vibrating feeding platform, 2-feeding chute, 3-extracted ore conveyor belt, 4-first-level laser detector, 5-first-level γ-ray detector, 6-first-level controller , 7-first-level identification and sorting system, 8-first-level sorting chute, 9-first-level baffle, 10-first-level sorting stone conveyor belt, 11-second-level laser detector, 12-Second-stage gamma-ray detector, 13-Second-stage controller, 14-Second-stage identification and sorting system, 15-Second-stage sorting chute, 16-Second-stage baffle, 17-Second Conveyor belt for classifying stones, 18-stepping motor, 19-rotating wheel, 20-link arm, 21-push plate, 22-guide rail, 23-connecting rod, 24-connecting piece.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的目的是提供一种用于放射性铀矿石精矿、贫矿与废石综合分选的设备，解决现有技术中分选功能单一、分选可靠性低、稳定性不足的问题，本发明普遍适用于具有放射性精矿、贫矿与废石的分选。为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive sorting equipment for radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock, which solves the problems of single sorting function, low sorting reliability and insufficient stability in the prior art. The invention is generally applicable to the separation of radioactive concentrate, lean ore and waste rock. In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1-3所示，本发明提供了一种用于放射性铀矿石精矿、贫矿与废石综合分选的设备，包括供料系统、第一级识别分选系统7、第二级识别分选系统14和输送系统组成；供料系统包括振动给料台1、给料斜槽2，振动给料台1和给料斜槽2活动连接，给料斜槽2设置于输送系统上；输送系统包括采出矿石输送皮带3、第一级分选斜槽8、第一级分选块石输送皮带10、第二级分选斜槽15、第二级分选块石输送皮带17；第一级分选斜槽8连接于采出矿石输送皮带3与第一级分选块石输送皮带10之间；第二级分选斜槽15连接于第一级分选块石输送皮带10与第二级分选块石输送皮带17之间。As shown in Figures 1-3, the present invention provides a device for the comprehensive separation of radioactive uranium ore concentrate, lean ore and waste rock, including a feeding system, a first-level identification and sorting system 7, a second-level The identification and sorting system 14 is composed of a conveying system; the feeding system includes a vibrating feeding table 1 and a feeding chute 2, the vibrating feeding table 1 and the feeding chute 2 are movably connected, and the feeding chute 2 is arranged on the conveying system The conveying system includes a mining ore conveyor belt 3, a first-stage sorting chute 8, a first-stage sorting block conveyor belt 10, a second-stage sorting chute 15, and a second-stage sorting block conveyor belt 17 ; The first-stage sorting chute 8 is connected between the mined ore conveyor belt 3 and the first-stage sorting block conveyor belt 10; the second-stage sorting chute 15 is connected to the first-stage sorting block conveyor belt 10 and the second stage sorting block stone conveyor belt 17.
第一级识别分选系统7包括第一级检测组件、第一级控制器6、第一级驱动装置、推进板，第一级驱动装置连接有推进板，第一级检测组件、推进板、第一级分选斜槽8布置在同一平面内，推进板设置于采出矿石输送皮带3的上侧，第一级驱动装置设置于采出矿石输送皮带3的一侧，第一级分选斜槽8设置于采出矿石输送皮带3的另一侧，并与推进板相对设置。The first-level identification and sorting system 7 includes a first-level detection assembly, a first-level controller 6, a first-level drive unit, and a pusher plate, and the first-level drive unit is connected with a pusher plate, and the first-level detection component, the pusher plate, The first stage sorting chute 8 is arranged in the same plane, the push plate is arranged on the upper side of the ore conveying belt 3, the first stage driving device is arranged on one side of the ore conveying belt 3, and the first stage sorting The chute 8 is arranged on the other side of the mining ore conveying belt 3, and is arranged opposite to the pushing plate.
第二级识别分选系统14包括第二级检测组件、第二级控制器13、第二级驱动装置、推进板，第二级驱动装置连接有推进板，第二级检测组件、推进板、第二级分选斜槽布置15在同一平面内，推进板设置于第一级分选块石输送皮带10的上侧，第二驱动装置设置于第一级分选块石输送皮带10的一侧，第二级分选斜槽15设置于第一级分选块石输送皮带10的另一侧，并与推进板相对设置。本发明装置还可设置多组分选系统，该分选设备可靠性高，稳定性好，成本低，能普遍适用于具有放射性精矿、贫矿与废石的分选。The second-level identification and sorting system 14 comprises a second-level detection assembly, a second-level controller 13, a second-level drive unit, and a pusher plate, and the second-level drive unit is connected with a pusher plate, and the second-level detection component, the pusher plate, The second-stage sorting chute arrangement 15 is in the same plane, the push plate is arranged on the upper side of the first-stage sorting stone conveyor belt 10, and the second driving device is arranged on one side of the first-stage sorting stone conveyor belt 10. On one side, the second stage sorting chute 15 is arranged on the other side of the first stage sorting block stone conveyor belt 10, and is set opposite to the push plate. The device of the present invention can also be equipped with a multi-group separation system. The separation equipment has high reliability, good stability and low cost, and can be generally applied to the separation of radioactive concentrates, lean ores and waste rocks.
输送系统还包括第一级挡板9、第二级挡板16；第一级分选斜槽8与第一级挡板9相对设置于第一级分选块石输送皮带10两侧，第二级分选斜槽15与第二级挡板16相对设置于第二级分选块石输送皮带17两侧，挡板的设置可防止分选石块在推入分选块石输送皮带时掉落。The conveying system also includes a first-stage baffle plate 9 and a second-stage baffle plate 16; the first-stage sorting chute 8 and the first-stage baffle plate 9 are relatively arranged on both sides of the first-stage sorting stone conveyor belt 10, and the second The secondary sorting chute 15 and the second-stage baffle plate 16 are relatively arranged on both sides of the second-stage sorting stone conveyor belt 17. The setting of the baffle plate can prevent the sorting stones from being pushed into the sorting stone conveyor belt. drop.
图2中驱动装置为步进电机18，第一级驱动装置和第二级驱动装置也可设置为液压缸或者气压缸，液压缸或者气压缸直接连接推进板完成推料运动。第一级γ射线探测器5和第一级激光探测仪4与第一级驱动装置通过第一级控制器6实现对话和数据传输，第一级控制器6根据第一级γ射线探测器5和第一级激光探测仪4的反馈数据控制第一级驱动装置的动作。同理，第二级γ射线探测器12和第二级激光探测仪11与第二级驱动装置通过第二级控制器13实现对话和数据传输，第二级控制器13根据第二级γ射线探测器12和第二级激光探测仪11的反馈数据控制第二级驱动装置的动作。识别分选系统中的γ射线探测器和激光探测仪协同工作，可根据爆堆块石实际情况，智能选择分选对象；智能分选铀矿石与废石的同时，同步分选铀矿石的精矿与贫矿。In Fig. 2, the driving device is a stepper motor 18, and the first-stage driving device and the second-stage driving device can also be configured as hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders, which are directly connected to the push plate to complete the pushing movement. The first-level gamma-ray detector 5 and the first-level laser detector 4 and the first-level driving device realize dialogue and data transmission through the first-level controller 6, and the first-level controller 6 is based on the first-level gamma-ray detector 5 The feedback data from the first-level laser detector 4 controls the action of the first-level driving device. In the same way, the second-level gamma-ray detector 12 and the second-level laser detector 11 and the second-level driving device realize dialogue and data transmission through the second-level controller 13, and the second-level controller 13 is based on the second-level gamma-ray The feedback data from the detector 12 and the second-level laser detector 11 controls the action of the second-level driving device. The γ-ray detector and laser detector in the identification and sorting system work together to intelligently select the sorting object according to the actual situation of the explosive pile rock; while intelligently sorting the uranium ore and waste rock, the refined uranium ore is also sorted synchronously. mines and mines.
第一级识别分选系统7及第二级识别分选系统14构造相同，如图3中所示，还包括转动轮19、联动臂杆20和导轨22。推进板包括推板21、连杆23和连接件24，连杆23连接推板21和连接件24，步进电机18连接转动轮19，转动轮19通过联动臂杆20固定连接在推进板的连接件24上，连杆23和连接件24活动连接在导轨22内部。通过联动臂杆20将转动轮19的圆周运动转换成推进板沿导轨22的往复直线运动，来实现对分选矿石的推出动作。The first-stage identification and sorting system 7 and the second-stage identification and sorting system 14 have the same structure, as shown in FIG. Push plate comprises push plate 21, connecting rod 23 and connector 24, and connecting rod 23 connects push plate 21 and connector 24, and stepper motor 18 connects turning wheel 19, and turning wheel 19 is fixedly connected on the side of pushing plate by linkage arm bar 20. On the connecting piece 24 , the connecting rod 23 and the connecting piece 24 are movably connected inside the guide rail 22 . The circular motion of the rotating wheel 19 is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the push plate along the guide rail 22 through the linkage arm 20, so as to realize the pushing action of the sorted ore.
该设备具体工作方法如下：The specific working method of the device is as follows:
本实施例以铀矿石-废石互层岩性条件下的露天开采工程为例，假定爆堆中废石混入较多，铀矿石比例较低，采用本发明的设备对采出矿石内的精矿、贫矿和废石进行综合分选；设定第一级识别分选系统7预留废石、分拣铀矿石，铀矿石在第一级识别分选系统7的参与下进入第一级分选块石输送皮带10上，第二级识别分选系统14安设在第一级分选块石输送皮带10上，识别铀矿石中的精矿与贫矿，并分选出精矿石进入第二级分选块石输送皮带17上；设定爆堆中块石尺寸最大不超过400mm，据此设计：This embodiment takes the open-pit mining project under the interbedded lithology condition of uranium ore-waste rock as an example, assuming that there are more waste rocks mixed in the blasting pile and the proportion of uranium ore is relatively low, the equipment of the present invention is used to extract the refined ore in the ore. Comprehensive sorting of ore, lean ore and waste rock; set the first-level identification and sorting system 7 to reserve waste rock and sort uranium ore, and the uranium ore enters the first level with the participation of the first-level identification and sorting system 7 On the sorting stone conveyor belt 10, the second-level identification and sorting system 14 is installed on the first-level sorting stone conveyor belt 10, to identify the concentrate and lean ore in the uranium ore, and sort the concentrate into the On the second stage sorting stone conveyor belt 17; set the maximum size of the stone in the explosive pile to be no more than 400mm, and design accordingly:
振动给料台1、给料斜槽2、第一级分选斜槽8和第一级分选斜槽15的宽度不小于800mm，给料斜槽2、第一级分选斜槽8和第一级分选斜槽15的两侧挡板高度不小于800mm，采出矿石输送皮带3、第一级分选块石输送皮带10和第二级分选块石输送皮带17的宽度不小于800mm，确保待分选石块有足够大的通过运输系统的空间。第一级识别分选系统7与第二级识别分选系统14的推板21尺寸不小于600mm×600mm，第一级识别分选系统7与第二级识别分选系统14的转动轮19直径不小于800mm，第一级挡板9与第二级挡板16的尺寸不小于800mm×800mm。The width of vibrating feeding table 1, feeding chute 2, first-stage sorting chute 8 and first-stage sorting chute 15 is not less than 800 mm, and the width of feeding chute 2, first-stage sorting chute 8 and The height of the baffle plates on both sides of the first-stage sorting chute 15 is not less than 800 mm, and the width of the ore conveyor belt 3, the first-stage sorting block conveyor belt 10 and the second-stage sorting block conveyor belt 17 is not less than 800mm, to ensure that the stones to be sorted have enough space to pass through the transportation system. The size of the push plate 21 of the first-level identification and sorting system 7 and the second-level identification and sorting system 14 is not less than 600mm×600mm, and the diameter of the rotating wheel 19 of the first-level identification and sorting system 7 and the second-level identification and sorting system 14 Not less than 800mm, the size of the first-stage baffle 9 and the second-stage baffle 16 is not less than 800mm×800mm.
具体实施步骤如下：The specific implementation steps are as follows:
1)采出矿石筛选：过采出矿石振动筛选台，将采出矿石中的细粒矿石(100mm以下)筛除，留大块采出矿石用于机械分选。1) Mined ore screening: through the mined ore vibration screening table, the fine-grained ore (below 100mm) in the mined ore is screened out, and the large mined ore is reserved for mechanical separation.
2)给料：开启振动给料台1，通过给料斜槽2向采出矿石输送皮带3上间隔给料，采出矿石输送皮带3上相邻两块石间距不小于100mm。2) Feeding: Turn on the vibrating feeding platform 1, feed the ore conveying belt 3 at intervals through the feeding chute 2, and the distance between two adjacent stones on the ore conveying belt 3 is not less than 100mm.
3)放射性铀矿石智能识别：同步开启第一级控制器6、第一级γ射线探测器5和第一级激光探测仪4；第一级激光探测仪4实时监控其下方采出矿石输送皮带3上的块石，当有块石通过其下方时，向第一级控制器6发出信号，激活第一级γ射线探测器5，识别其下方块石的放射性特征：当第一级γ射线探测器5探测到块石放射性时，向第一级控制器6传输“分选块石”信号；当第一级γ射线探测器5未探测到块石放射性时，向第一级控制器6传输“允许块石通过”信号。3) Intelligent identification of radioactive uranium ore: synchronously open the first-level controller 6, the first-level gamma-ray detector 5 and the first-level laser detector 4; the first-level laser detector 4 monitors the ore conveyor belt under it in real time 3, when a block stone passes below it, it sends a signal to the first-level controller 6, activates the first-level gamma-ray detector 5, and identifies the radioactive characteristics of the block stone below it: when the first-level gamma-ray When the detector 5 detects the radioactivity of the block, it transmits the "sorting block" signal to the first-level controller 6; Transmits the "Block allowed to pass" signal.
4)铀矿石分选：第一级控制器6接收到第一级γ射线探测器5的信号后，向第一级驱动装置发出指令：信号为“分选块石”时，启动第一级驱动装置；信号为“允许块石通过”时，第一级驱动装置无动作。4) Sorting of uranium ore: after the first-level controller 6 receives the signal from the first-level gamma-ray detector 5, it sends an instruction to the first-level driving device: when the signal is "sorting stones", the first-level is started Driving device; when the signal is "allow the stone to pass", the first stage driving device has no action.
5)精矿石与贫矿石的智能识别：同步开启第二级控制器13、第二级γ射线探测器12和第二级激光探测仪11；第二级激光探测仪11实时监控其下方采出矿石输送皮带3上的块石，当有块石通过其下方时，向第二级控制器13发出信号，激活第二级γ射线探测器12，识别其下方块石的放射性特征：当第二级γ射线探测器12探测到块石高放射性时，向第二级控制器13传输“分选块石”信号；当第二级γ射线探测器12探测到块石低放射性时，向第二级控制器13传输“允许块石通过”信号。5) Intelligent identification of concentrated ore and lean ore: synchronously open the second-level controller 13, the second-level gamma-ray detector 12 and the second-level laser detector 11; the second-level laser detector 11 monitors the mining below it in real time The block stone on the ore conveyor belt 3, when a block stone passes below it, sends a signal to the second-level controller 13, activates the second-level gamma-ray detector 12, and identifies the radioactive characteristics of the block stone below it: when the second-level When the first-level gamma-ray detector 12 detects the high radioactivity of the block, it transmits a "sorting block" signal to the second-level controller 13; The stage controller 13 transmits a "rock allowed to pass" signal.
6)精矿与贫矿分选：第二级控制器13接收到第二级γ射线探测器12的信号后，向第二级驱动装置发出指令：信号为“分选块石”时，启动第二级驱动装置；信号为“允许块石通过”时，第二级驱动装置无动作。6) Sorting of concentrated ore and lean ore: after the second-level controller 13 receives the signal from the second-level gamma-ray detector 12, it sends an instruction to the second-level driving device: when the signal is "sorting stones", start The second-level driving device; when the signal is "allow the stone to pass", the second-level driving device has no action.
7)块石入库：分选出的废石经采出块石输送皮带3进入废石料仓，分选出的低放射性矿石经第一级分选块石输送皮带10进入贫矿料仓，分选出的高放射性矿石经第二级分选块石输送皮带17进入精矿料仓。7) Block storage: the sorted waste rock enters the waste rock silo through the mined block conveyor belt 3, and the sorted low-radioactive ore enters the lean ore silo through the first-stage sorting block conveyor belt 10, The high radioactive ore separated enters the concentrate silo through the second stage sorting stone conveyor belt 17 .
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书实施例内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of the embodiments of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
本说明书中实施例采用递进的方式描述，实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的系统而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。In this specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, and the emphasis of the embodiment is the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. As for the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related information, please refer to the description of the method part.
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In this paper, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention Thoughts, there will be changes in specific implementation methods and application ranges. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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