CN213943270U - Dry-type pre-selection system for low-grade chromite - Google Patents
Dry-type pre-selection system for low-grade chromite Download PDFInfo
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- CN213943270U CN213943270U CN202022082249.5U CN202022082249U CN213943270U CN 213943270 U CN213943270 U CN 213943270U CN 202022082249 U CN202022082249 U CN 202022082249U CN 213943270 U CN213943270 U CN 213943270U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses aA dry-type pre-selection system for low-grade chromite is provided, which belongs to the technical field of ore dressing. The utility model discloses a raw ore storehouse and rather than the batcher of discharge gate intercommunication, the discharge gate of batcher communicates jaw crusher's feed inlet, closed circuit crushing screening dry separation mechanism is installed to jaw crusher's discharge gate below, closed circuit crushing screening dry separation mechanism includes buffering ore storehouse I, double-deck shale shaker, XRT intelligent concentrator I, XRT intelligent concentrator II and the cone crusher who arranges in proper order according to the production technology order, cone crusher's discharge gate and I pan feeding mouth intercommunication in buffering ore storehouse. The utility model discloses a XRT intelligence concentrator series connection sorting technique, the size fraction of sorting is wide, can be directly according to the Cr in every ore2O3The ore particles are determined to be useful ore or waste stone containing iron-chromium ore according to the grade, the sorting precision is high, the waste stone can be discarded in advance, high-grade chromite lump ore can be obtained, the recovery rate of the chromite is improved, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ore dressing technical field, the more specifically dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite that says so.
Background
Chromite is an indispensable industrial raw material in the metallurgical, refractory and chemical industries. Chromium has the characteristics of hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, so that chromium-containing products are also widely applied to national defense and civil industries. The total amount of world chromite resources exceeds 120 hundred million t, the chromite resources in China are deficient, the ore data are poor, the reservoir of the chromite ascertained in China at present only accounts for 0.825% of the total world reservoir, the chromite mainly depends on import, and the external dependence degree is higher than 90%. Domestic chromite is mainly and intensively distributed in 4 provinces (regions) of Tibet, Xinjiang, Gansu and inner Mongolia, and the reserve of the domestic chromite accounts for more than 80 percent of the reserve of the whole country.
At present, the low-grade chromite is mainly subjected to processes of gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation by utilizing the physical and chemical properties of the low-grade chromite. As the chromite is inevitably mixed into the surrounding rock in the mining process, the dilution of the mined ore is caused, and the mining grade is reduced. In addition, the mined raw ore also contains included stones (gangue minerals), and part of the gangue minerals are also dissociated from the chromium-containing metal minerals during the crushing process. Therefore, if the surrounding rocks (waste rocks) mixed in the ore and the included rocks (blocky gangue) of the ore are removed through an effective pre-selection ore dressing process, and part of high-grade chromite in the raw ore is extracted (high-grade chromite ore, which refers to the blocky ore meeting the requirements that the grade of Cr2O3 is higher than 38% according to the industrial standard YB/T5277-.
Through retrieval, relevant patents are disclosed at present for solving the defects that the extracted ore is depleted and the extracted grade is reduced due to the surrounding rock mixed in the high-grade chromite. For example, chinese patent application nos.: CN201410121123.0, published date: the utility model patent of 2014, 6, month and 25 discloses a new mineral separation process for high-grade chromite ore, which adopts the following process steps: after being crushed, the chromite ore is screened and classified into a plus 20mm grade and a minus 20mm grade, wherein the plus 20mm grade adopts manual reverse hand separation or jigging separation to throw out large waste rocks to obtain block concentrate. The narrow grade of-20 mm size fraction is screened and classified into four size fractions: 20-15 mm, 15-6 mm, 6-2 mm, 2-0 mm; carrying out dry type strong magnetic separation on three size fractions of 20-15 mm, 15-6 mm and 6-2 mm by using a permanent magnetic roller type strong magnetic separator; and further screening and grading the 2-0 mm size fraction into two size fractions of 2-0.8 mm and 0.8-0 mm, performing table reselection on the 2-0.8 mm size fraction to obtain table reselection concentrate, and performing spiral chute and table reselection combined flow on the 0.8-0 mm size fraction to obtain fine grain reselection concentrate. However, the scheme adopts manual selection, so that the labor intensity of workers is high; the jigging separation is adopted, so that the production management is complex, the water consumption is high, and the cost is high; the dry type strong magnetic separation mode is adopted, and the lower limit of the separation granularity is low, so that the production cost is high; the spiral chute and the shaking table are both gravity separation processes, the separation granularity is generally less than 2mm, and the process is complex.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
1. Technical problem to be solved by the utility model
The workman intensity of labour who exists to above-mentioned ore dressing is great, the technology is complicated and the high scheduling problem of energy consumption, the utility model discloses a dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite, the utility model discloses a XRT intelligence concentrator series connection sorting technique, the grain size of sorting is wide, mainly based on the principle of the sorting technique of dual-energy X ray transmission, according to the difference between the essential element interact of useful mineral and gangue ore in X ray and the chromite ore, chromite and country rock and double-layered stone in the discernment ore improve the grade of ore, reduce the content of country rock and double-layered stone in the former ore.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a technical scheme does:
a dry-type pre-selection system for low-grade chromite comprises a raw ore bin and a feeder communicated with a discharge port of the raw ore bin, wherein the discharge port of the feeder is communicated with a feed port of a jaw crusher, a closed-circuit crushing and screening dry separation mechanism is installed below the discharge port of the jaw crusher, and the closed-circuit crushing and screening dry separation mechanism comprises a buffering ore bin I, a double-layer vibrating screen, an XRT intelligent ore separator I, an XRT intelligent ore separator II and a cone crusher which are sequentially arranged according to a production process sequence; conveying oversize products of the double-layer vibrating screen to the cone crusher, conveying undersize products of the double-layer vibrating screen to a fine concentrate bin, and conveying middle products of the double-layer vibrating screen to the XRT intelligent concentrator I; conveying the waste rocks sorted out by the XRT intelligent concentrator I to a waste rock bin, and conveying the sorted ores to the XRT intelligent concentrator II; the concentrate that XRT intelligence concentrator II elected is carried to piece concentrate storehouse, and the ore that does not elect is carried to cone crusher, cone crusher's discharge gate with the pan feeding mouth intercommunication in buffering ore storehouse I adopts XRT intelligence concentrator series connection sorting technique, and the grain size of sorting is wide, can abandon the barren rock in advance, can acquire the qualified piece chromite product of high-grade in addition, wherein, XRT intelligence concentrator is mainly based on the principle of the sorting technique of dual energy X ray transmission, according to the difference between the main element interact of useful mineral and gangue ore in X ray and the iron ore chromium, discerns chromite and country rock and double stone in the ore.
According to the further technical scheme, a buffering ore bin III is arranged between the double-layer vibrating screen and the XRT intelligent concentrator I, a vibrating distributor I is arranged at a discharge port of the buffering ore bin III, and the XRT intelligent concentrator I is arranged below the vibrating distributor I; and a vibrating distributor II is arranged below a discharge port of the XRT intelligent concentrator I.
According to the further technical scheme, the XRT intelligent concentrator I comprises a material conveying mechanism I, a detection mechanism I, an execution sorting mechanism I and a control mechanism I, wherein the material conveying mechanism I comprises a conveying rubber belt, and the conveying rubber belt is arranged below the vibration distributor I; the detection mechanism I comprises an X-ray source I and a detector I, the X-ray source I is arranged right above the conveying rubber belt, and the detector I is arranged right below the conveying rubber belt; the execution sorting mechanism I comprises an air storage tank I and an air exhaust gun I, the air exhaust gun I is installed at an air outlet of the air storage tank I, and the air exhaust gun I is located at a discharge port of the conveying rubber belt; detector I sends identification information for control mechanism I, control behind the I conversion analysis signal of control mechanism I blow the barren rock is hit to gas exhaust rifle I, hits through the action of automatic control gas exhaust rifle and hits, can separate ore and barren rock.
According to a further technical scheme, the X-ray source I is high-energy and low-energy X-rays, the detection range of the low-energy X-rays is 40-80 keV, the detection range of the high-energy X-rays is 150-300 keV, the high-energy and low-energy X-rays are adopted to detect the ores, and the influence of the thickness of the ores on the detection precision can be effectively eliminated; the conveying rubber belt runs at a constant speed, the running speed is 3-4 m/s, the precision rate of beating is guaranteed by the constant speed running of the conveying rubber belt, the beating accuracy is further improved, and the separation effect is improved.
According to the further technical scheme, the XRT intelligent concentrator II comprises a material conveying mechanism II, a detection mechanism II, an execution sorting mechanism II and a control mechanism II, wherein the material conveying mechanism II comprises a conveying rubber belt, and the conveying rubber belt is arranged below the vibrating distributor II; the detection mechanism II comprises an X-ray source II and a detector II, the X-ray source II is arranged right above the conveying rubber belt, and the detector II is arranged right below the conveying rubber belt; the execution sorting mechanism II comprises an air storage tank II and an air exhaust gun II, the air exhaust gun II is installed at an air outlet of the air storage tank II, and the air exhaust gun II is located at a discharge port of the conveying rubber belt; the detector II sends identification information to the control mechanism II, the control mechanism II converts analysis signals and then controls the air exhaust gun II to strike the lump ore concentrate, and the lump ore concentrate can be separated by automatically controlling the air exhaust gun to act and strike.
According to a further technical scheme, the X-ray source II is high-energy and low-energy X-rays, the detection range of the low-energy X-rays is 40-100 keV, and the detection range of the high-energy X-rays is 200-300 keV; the conveying rubber belt runs at a constant speed, the running speed is 3-4 m/s, the ore is detected by adopting high-energy and low-energy X rays, the influence of the thickness of the ore on the detection precision can be effectively eliminated, the energy of the X rays is high, and the lump ore concentrate can be effectively identified.
According to the further technical scheme, the size of the sieve mesh of the lower layer of the double-layer vibrating screen is 10mm, and the size of the sieve mesh of the upper layer of the double-layer vibrating screen is 30-60 mm, so that the granularity of the powder concentrate is smaller than 10 mm.
According to the further technical scheme, a buffering ore bin II is arranged between the double-layer vibrating screen and the cone crusher; the feed inlet of buffering ore bin II still with XRT intelligence concentrator I's discharge gate communicates with each other, and buffering ore bin II is used for adjusting double-deck shale shaker and cone crusher's operating speed, plays certain cushioning effect.
According to the further technical scheme, the feeding granularity of the jaw crusher is smaller than 450mm, the workload of the jaw crusher is reduced, and the maximum discharging granularity is 60-100 mm.
A dry-type pre-selection process for low-grade chromite adopts any one of the dry-type pre-selection systems for low-grade chromite, and comprises the following sorting steps:
step one, coarse crushing: conveying the chromite in the raw ore bin into a jaw crusher through a feeder to be crushed;
step two, screening and second-stage crushing: conveying the chromite crushed by the jaw crusher into a double-layer vibrating screen, and conveying the screened product into a fine concentrate bin; conveying the oversize products into a cone crusher for secondary crushing, and conveying the crushed ores into a double-layer vibrating screen for secondary screening; conveying the intermediate product into an XRT intelligent concentrator I for sorting;
step three, series sorting of XRT intelligent concentrating machines: after evenly giving into the conveyor belt in XRT intelligence concentrator I by vibrating material distributor I, the chromite is at the uniform velocity transportation on the conveyor belt, X ray source I shines the discernment one by one to the chromite, detector I sends identification information for control mechanism I, give down action command after the conversion of control mechanism I completion signal and analysis and give air exhaust rifle I, air exhaust rifle I hits and beats in the barren rock carries into the barren rock storehouse, the ore is carried into XRT intelligence concentrator II and is selected separately once more, the concentrate of selecting separately is carried into in the piece concentrate storehouse, the ore that does not select separately is carried into in the circular cone crusher and is carried out the repulping, the ore after the repulping is carried into in the double-deck shale shaker.
3. Advantageous effects
Adopt the technical scheme provided by the utility model, compare with prior art, have following beneficial effect:
(1) the utility model discloses a dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite adopts XRT intelligence concentrator series connection sorting technology, the grain size of sorting is wide, can abandon the barren rock in advance, and can acquire the qualified piece chromite product of high-grade, mainly based on the principle of dual-energy X ray transmission's sorting technology, according to the difference between the essential element interact of useful mineral and gangue ore in X ray and the chromite ore, chromite ore and country rock and double-layered stone and this equipment have intelligent production in the discernment ore, the production efficiency is high, the rate of recovery of ferrochrome is high.
(2) The utility model discloses a dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite adopts high low dual energy XRT intelligenceCan implement preselection and tailing discarding by a dry separator, the size fraction of the separation is wide, the high-low dual-energy X rays penetrate through ore particles one by one, the influence of the thickness of the ore is eliminated, and the X rays can directly pass through the Cr in each ore2O3The grade of the ore particles is determined to be valuable ore or waste ore containing chromite, and the sorting precision is high.
(3) The utility model discloses a dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite, the granularity of the concentrate as required, the sieve mesh size of the screen cloth of control double-deck shale shaker can directly obtain the concentrate of corresponding size, can directly sell as one of the chromite product, promotes the performance of enterprises.
(4) The utility model discloses a dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite, buffering ore bin all can save an amount of ore to the work efficiency of process around can adjusting prevents the stifled scheduling problem of fighting because of the difference of work speed appears.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dry pre-concentration production system for low grade chromite of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the XRT intelligent concentrator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the dry pre-selection process of the low-grade chromite ore of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a raw ore bin; 2. a feeder; 3. a jaw crusher; 4. a buffering ore bin I; 5. a double-layer vibrating screen; 6. a buffer ore bin II; 7. a cone crusher; 8. a buffer ore bin III; 9. vibrating a distributor I;
10. an XRT intelligent concentrator I; 101. a material conveying mechanism I; 102. a detection mechanism I; 1021. an X-ray source I; 1022. A detector I; 103. an execution sorting mechanism I; 1031. a gas storage tank I; 1032. an air exhaust gun I; 104. a control mechanism I;
11. a vibrating distributor II;
12. an XRT intelligent concentrator II; 121. a material conveying mechanism II; 122. a detection mechanism II; 1221. an X-ray source II; 1222. a detector II; 123. executing a sorting mechanism II; 1231. a gas storage tank II; 1232. an air exhaust gun II; 124. a control mechanism II;
13. a waste stone bin; 14. a fine ore bin; 15. and (4) a block concentrate bin.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, include raw ore bin 1, batcher 2, jaw breaker 3, buffering ore bin I4, double-deck shale shaker 5, buffering ore bin II 6, cone crusher 7, buffering ore bin III 8, vibrating distributor I9, XRT intelligence concentrator I10, vibrating distributor II 11 and XRT intelligence concentrator II 12 that arrange in proper order according to production technology.
Former ore bin 1 is carried to chromite raw ore, batcher 2 is installed to the discharge gate in former ore bin 1, 2 discharge ends of batcher dock with 3 feed openings of jaw crusher, buffering ore bin I4 is carried to the broken product of jaw crusher 3, in order to reduce the work degree of difficulty of jaw crusher 3, improve work efficiency, the feed granularity of jaw crusher 3 is less than 450mm, its ore discharge mouth control is at 40 ~ 60mm, its row's material granularity is 60 ~ 100 mm. The discharge gate butt joint double-deck shale shaker 5's feed end in buffering ore bin I4, buffering ore bin I4 can adjust 3 and the 5 work efficiency of double-deck shale shaker in jaw breaker, plays certain cushioning effect. The sieve mesh size of the lower layer of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is 10mm, the sieve mesh size of the upper layer is 30-60 mm, the undersize product selected by the lower sieve mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is sent into the fine powder ore bin 14 for grinding and selecting operation, wherein the granularity of the undersize product is less than 10mm, the oversize product selected by the upper sieve mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is conveyed to the buffering ore bin II 6 and then fed into the cone crusher 7, the buffering ore bin II 6 can adjust the work efficiency of the cone crusher 7 and the double-layer vibrating screen 5, a certain buffering effect is achieved, wherein the granularity of the oversize product is greater than 60 mm. Buffer ore storehouse III 8 is carried to double-deck shale shaker 5's intermediate product, the granularity of intermediate product is greater than 10mm generally and is less than 60mm, buffer ore storehouse III 8 discharge gate below is installed vibrating distributor I9, buffer ore storehouse III 8 can adjust vibrating distributor I9 and double-deck shale shaker 5's work efficiency, play certain cushioning effect, vibrating distributor I9 evenly gives into XRT intelligent concentrator I10 with the material of waiting to sort, XRT is the english abbreviation of X-ray transmission Technology. The method comprises the steps that waste rocks (tailings) selected by an XRT intelligent concentrator I10 are conveyed to a waste rock bin 13 to be sold as building materials, the granularity of the waste rocks is-60 +10mm, ore products selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator I10 are fed into a vibration distributor II 11, the feeding end of an XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 is in butt joint with the discharging end of the vibration distributor II 11, block concentrate selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 is conveyed into a block concentrate bin 15 to be sold as high-grade chromite products, unselected ores are conveyed to a buffer ore bin II 6 as middlings and then enter a cone crusher 7 to be crushed, the XRT intelligent concentrator series-connection sorting technology can be used for discarding the waste rocks in advance, high-grade qualified block chromite products can be obtained, and the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Wherein, form closed crushing screening dry separation mechanism by buffering ore bin I4, double-deck shale shaker 5, buffering ore bin III 8, vibration distributing device I9, XRT intelligent concentrator I10, vibration distributing device II 11, XRT intelligent concentrator II 12, buffering ore bin II 6, cone crusher 7 and buffering ore bin I4 that arrange according to production technology order in proper order. Double-deck shale shaker 5 is carried to the broken product of cone crusher 7, and the middlings that selects behind XRT intelligent concentrator I10 and XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 of the intermediate product of double-deck shale shaker 5 carry cone crusher 7 breakage again to the realization is to the repeated breakage of the intermediate product of double-deck shale shaker 5. Further, the sieve mesh size of the lower screen cloth of the double-deck shale shaker 5 in the closed circuit crushing screening dry separation mechanism is 10mm, not only can the broken ore granularity control of concentrate be less than 10mm, reduce the grinding operation time of concentrate, realize that it grinds less to smash more, and the sieve mesh size of upper screen cloth is 30 ~ 60mm, upper screen hole size is confirmed according to XRT intelligence concentrator I10's tail throwing volume and tailing grade, can ensure that all ore that are greater than the sieve mesh size of the lower screen cloth of double-deck shale shaker 5 and are less than the sieve mesh size of upper screen cloth all can get into in XRT intelligence concentrator I10 and select separately, the tail throwing efficiency has been improved. The XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 can further separate the ore separated out by the XRT intelligent concentrator I10, can obtain high-grade qualified concentrate, improves the recovery rate of chromite, and achieves the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.
Specifically, the XRT intelligent concentrator i 10 comprises a material conveying mechanism i 101, a detection mechanism i 102, an execution sorting mechanism i 103 and a control mechanism i 104. The I101 of material conveying mechanism is conveyor belt, and detection mechanism I102 includes I1021 of X-ray source and I1022 of detector, and I103 of execution sorting mechanism includes I1032 of air discharge gun and I1031 of gas holder, and control mechanism I104 is the switch board. After the crushed chromite in the middle layer of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is uniformly fed into the material conveying mechanism I101 through the vibrating distributor I9, the chromite passes through the detection mechanism I102 on the conveying rubber belt at a constant speed, and the running speed of the conveying rubber belt is 3-4 m/s. The ore is irradiated and identified one by one through an X-ray source I1021 by a detection mechanism I102, identification information is sent to a control mechanism I104 by a detector I1022, after the control mechanism I104 completes conversion and analysis of various signals by means of a computer AI technology, the ore irradiated by the X-ray source I1021 is determined to be waste rock, an action instruction is issued to an air discharge gun I1032 in an execution sorting mechanism I103, and the air discharge gun I1032 is precisely hit, as shown in FIG. 2, when the waste rock is identified by the detection mechanism I102, the air discharge gun I1032 hits and strikes and moves, so that the waste rock is hit out, a waste rock bin 13 is placed according to the position where the waste rock is hit, the waste rock can be collected, when the ore is identified by the detection mechanism I102, the air discharge gun I1032 does not hit and move, the ore can automatically fall down, a vibration distributor II 11 is arranged below the discharge end of a conveying adhesive tape, and the vibration distributor II 11 uniformly conveys the ore sorted by an XRT intelligent ore sorting machine I10 into an XRT intelligent ore sorting machine II 12.
The XRT intelligent concentrator I10 is the same as the XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 in structure, and comprises a material conveying mechanism II 121, a detection mechanism II 122, an execution sorting mechanism II 123 and a control mechanism II 124. The material conveying mechanism II 121 is a conveying belt, the detection mechanism II 122 comprises an X-ray source II 1221 and a detector II 1222, the execution sorting mechanism II 123 comprises an air exhaust gun II 1232 and an air storage tank II 1231, and the control mechanism II 124 is a control cabinet. After ores sorted out by the XRT intelligent concentrator I10 are uniformly fed into the material conveying mechanism II 121 through the vibrating distributor II 11, chromite passes through the detection mechanism II 122 on the conveying rubber belt at a constant speed, and the running speed of the conveying rubber belt is 3-4 m/s. The detection mechanism II 122 irradiates and identifies ores one by one through the X-ray source II 1221, the detector II 1222 sends identification information to the control mechanism II 124, the control mechanism II 124 completes conversion and analysis of various signals through a computer AI technology, determines that the ores irradiated by the X-ray source II 1221 are lump ore concentrates, and sends action instructions to the air discharge gun II 1232 in the execution sorting mechanism II 123 to enable the air discharge gun II 1232 to strike accurately according to the specific principle shown in figure 2, when the detection mechanism II 122 identifies the lump ore concentrates, the air discharge gun II 1232 strikes to enable the lump ore concentrates to be struck, the lump ore concentrate bin 15 is placed according to the position where the lump ore concentrates are struck to collect the lump ore concentrates, when the detection mechanism II 122 identifies the middling ores, the air discharge gun II 1232 does not strike to act, the middling ores can fall automatically, a collecting tank is arranged below the discharge end of the conveying adhesive tape and used for collecting the middling ores, and after the collected middlings are conveyed to a buffer ore bin II 6, the middlings enter a cone crusher 7 to be crushed, and the steps are continuously repeated.
The XRT intelligent concentrator I10 and the XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 are separation technologies based on dual-energy X-ray transmission, the technology utilizes physical characteristics of X-rays and the relationship between the interaction of the X-rays and substances and atomic numbers to identify ore components, the technology is a new technology for identifying and classifying materials by utilizing the difference of absorption degrees of the substances on the high-energy X-rays and the low-energy X-rays, and the technology is not influenced by the surface condition of the materials and has the detection particle size range of 10-100 mm. The utility model discloses XRT intelligence concentrator I10 and XRT intelligence concentrator II 12 all adopt high, low dual energy X ray, and chromium iron ore deposit is mainly survey Cr element, because the atom is big more, the proportion is big more, and X ray is more thorough and less, and wherein, XRT intelligence concentrator 10 is mainly for separating the barren rock, and consequently the energy that detects the needs is lower relatively, and low energy X ray detection scope is 40 ~ 80keV, and high energy X ray detection scope is 150 ~ 300 keV; and an XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 for separating middlings and concentratesTherefore, the required energy for detection is relatively high, the detection range of low-energy X-ray is 40-100 keV, and the detection range of high-energy X-ray is 200-300 keV. The method adopts high-energy and low-energy X rays to detect ores, and can distinguish different types of substances from images formed by two different substances and different thicknesses according to different principles of absorption degrees (linear absorption coefficients) of the substances with the same atomic number to the high-energy and low-energy X rays by comparing and operating the absorption coefficients of the two different high-energy and low-energy X rays, thereby effectively eliminating the influence of the thickness of the ores on the detection precision, and directly detecting the Cr in each ore according to the Cr in the ore2O3The ore particles are determined to be concentrate, middlings or tailings according to the grade, the separation precision is high, the equipment is produced intelligently, and the production efficiency is high.
Example 2
The basic structure of the dry-type pre-selection system for low-grade chromite in the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the differences and improvements are that: as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the low-grade chromite production system of example 1 was used, and the sorting procedure was as follows:
step one, coarse crushing: the chromite in the raw ore bin 1 is conveyed into a jaw crusher 3 through a feeder 2 to be crushed;
step two, screening and second-stage crushing: the chromite crushed by the jaw crusher 3 is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5, and the screened product enters a fine concentrate bin 14; conveying the oversize products into a cone crusher 7 for secondary crushing, and conveying the crushed ores into a double-layer vibrating screen 5 for secondary screening; conveying the intermediate product into an XRT intelligent concentrator I10 for sorting;
step three, series sorting of XRT intelligent concentrating machines: chromite is uniformly fed into a conveying adhesive tape in an XRT intelligent concentrator I10 by a vibrating distributor I9 and then is transported on the conveying adhesive tape at a constant speed, a chromite is irradiated and identified one by an X-ray source I1021, identification information is sent to a control mechanism I104 by a detector I1022, the control mechanism I104 sends an action instruction to an air discharging gun I1032 after completing signal conversion and analysis, the air discharging gun I1032 blows waste rocks (surrounding rocks and stones) and transports the waste rocks into a waste rock bin 13, middlings are transported into an XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 by a vibrating distributor II 11 and are separated again, middlings are transported on the conveying adhesive tape of the XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 at a constant speed, the chromite is irradiated and identified one by the X-ray source II 1221, the identification information is sent to a control mechanism II 1222, the control mechanism II 124 sends an action instruction to an air discharging gun II 1232 after completing signal conversion and analysis, the air discharging gun II 2 blows lump ore concentrate, and conveying the sorted lump concentrate into a lump concentrate bin 15, conveying the middlings which are not sorted into a cone crusher 7 for secondary crushing, and conveying the middlings which are crushed again into a double-layer vibrating screen 5 for secondary screening.
This embodiment provides three specific operational examples, as follows:
example 1:
cr of chromite ore2O3The grade is 25.15 percent, the chromite containing high-grade compact block type is about 10 percent, chromium elements mainly exist in the chromite and the aluminum-iron magnesium chromite, and gangue minerals mainly include forsterite, serpentine, chlorite and the like. The sorting steps are as follows:
step one, coarse crushing: the maximum lump size of the mined ore is 450mm, the mined ore is fed into a raw ore bin 1 by an automobile and is conveyed into a jaw crusher 3 through a feeder 2, one-section open-circuit crushing is adopted, the minimum ore discharge port of the jaw crusher 3 is set to be 40mm, the chromite raw ore is crushed, and the crushed product is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5;
step two, screening and second-stage crushing: the size of the screen hole of the lower layer screen mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is 10mm, and the minus 10mm of the screened product accounts for 20.42 percent (for raw ore), and the screened product is conveyed into the fine powder ore bin 14 and sold as one of chromite products; the size of the sieve pores of the upper-layer sieve mesh is 50mm, products on the sieve are conveyed into the cone crusher 7 to be crushed again, and the crushed ore is conveyed into the double-layer vibrating sieve 5 to be sieved again according to the particle size; conveying the intermediate product (-50+10mm) into an XRT intelligent concentrator I10 for sorting;
step three, series sorting of XRT intelligent concentrating machines: after being uniformly fed into a conveying adhesive tape in an XRT intelligent concentrator I10 by a vibrating distributor I9, chromite is conveyed on the conveying adhesive tape at a constant speed, an X-ray source I1021 irradiates and identifies the chromite one by one, a detector I1022 sends identification information to a control mechanism I104, the control mechanism I104 sends an action instruction to an air discharging gun I1032 after completing signal conversion and analysis, the air discharging gun I1032 strikes waste rocks and conveys the waste rocks into a waste rock bin 13, ores are conveyed into an XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 by a vibrating distributor II 11 for secondary separation, the chromite is conveyed on the conveying adhesive tape of the XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 at a constant speed, the X-ray source II 1221 irradiates and identifies the chromite one by one, the detector II 1222 sends identification information to a control mechanism II 124, the control mechanism II 124 completes signal conversion and analysis and then sends an action instruction to the air discharging gun II 1232, the air discharging gun II 1232 strikes block concentrate, and conveying the sorted lump concentrate into a lump concentrate bin 15, conveying the middlings which are not sorted into a cone crusher 7 for secondary crushing, and conveying the middlings which are crushed again into a double-layer vibrating screen 5 for secondary screening. The conveying belts of the XRT intelligent concentrator I10 and the XRT intelligent concentrator II 12 are both conveyed at the speed of 4 m/s.
The yield of the chromite bulk concentrate obtained by sorting the chromite raw ore by adopting the steps is 9.85 percent, and the Cr content is 9.85 percent2O3The grade is 45.62%; waste rock tailing rate of 23.57 percent and Cr2O3The grade is 3.56%; the yield of fine ore entering the main workshop is 66.58 percent, and Cr2O3The grade is 29.77 percent (4.61 percent higher than that of the raw ore), and the purposes of quality improvement, cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Example 2:
chromite raw ore Cr2O3The grade is 28.66%, the chromite ore containing high-grade dense block type accounts for about 18%, and the production system is basically the same as that in example 1, except that: the screen hole size of the upper layer screen of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is selected to be 60 mm. After the chromite is sorted by adopting the steps, the yield of the chromite bulk concentrate is 15.85 percent, and the Cr content is 15.85 percent2O3The grade is 47.21%; waste rock tailing rate is 18.51%, Cr2O3The grade is 4.25%; the yield of fine ore entering the main workshop is 65.64 percent, and Cr2O3The grade is 31.06 percent (2.40 percent higher than that of the raw ore), and the purposes of improving the quality, reducing the cost and improving the efficiency are achieved.
Example 3:
chromite raw ore Cr2O3The grade is 20.19%, the chromite ore containing high-grade compact blocky type accounts for about 8%, and the production system is basically the same as that in the example 1, except that: the screen hole size of the upper layer screen of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is selected to be 30 mm. After the chromite is sorted by adopting the steps, the yield of the chromite bulk concentrate is 8.25 percent, and the Cr content is 8.25 percent2O3The grade is 46.23%; waste rock tailing rate of 28.25% and Cr2O3The grade is 3.89%; the yield of fine ore entering the main workshop is 63.50 percent, and the Cr content is2O3The grade is 24.05 percent (3.87 percent higher than that of the raw ore), and the purposes of improving quality, reducing cost and improving efficiency are achieved.
As can be seen from the above examples, the chromite ore Cr of example 12O3The grade is improved the most, and the block concentrate yield, the reject rate and the fine concentrate yield are all improved, so that the embodiment 1 is the preferable embodiment. The XRT intelligent concentrator series connection sorting technology is adopted, the sorting particle size is wide, waste rocks can be discarded in advance, high-grade qualified chromite products can be obtained, and chromite, surrounding rocks and included rocks in the ores are identified according to the difference between interaction of main elements of useful minerals and gangue ores in X rays and chromite ores based on the principle of the sorting technology of dual-energy X-ray transmission. And the high-low dual-energy XRT intelligent concentrating machine is adopted to implement pre-concentration and tailing discarding, the size fraction of the separation is wide, the high-low dual-energy X rays penetrate through ore particles one by one, the influence of the thickness of the ore is eliminated, and the Cr in each ore can be directly used as the basis2O3The ore particles are determined to be concentrate, middling or tailings according to the grade, the sorting precision is high, the equipment has intelligent production, the production efficiency is high, and the recovery rate of ferrochrome is high.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, and the description is not limited thereto, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching of the present invention, without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, the person skilled in the art should also design the similar structural modes and embodiments without creativity to the technical solution, and all shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade chromite, includes ore deposit storehouse (1) and batcher (2) rather than discharge gate intercommunication, the discharge gate of batcher (2) communicates the feed inlet of jaw breaker (3), its characterized in that: a closed-circuit crushing and screening dry separation mechanism is arranged below a discharge port of the jaw crusher (3), and comprises a buffering ore bin I (4), a double-layer vibrating screen (5), an XRT intelligent ore separator I (10), an XRT intelligent ore separator II (12) and a cone crusher (7) which are sequentially arranged according to the production process sequence; conveying oversize products of the double-layer vibrating screen (5) to the cone crusher (7), conveying undersize products of the double-layer vibrating screen into a fine concentrate bin (14), and conveying intermediate products of the double-layer vibrating screen into the XRT intelligent concentrator I (10); the waste rocks separated by the XRT intelligent concentrator I (10) are conveyed to a waste rock bin (13), and the separated ores are conveyed to the XRT intelligent concentrator II (12); the concentrate that XRT intelligence concentrator II (12) were elected is carried to piece concentrate storehouse (15), and the ore that does not elect is carried to cone crusher (7), the discharge gate of cone crusher (7) with the pan feeding mouth intercommunication in buffering ore storehouse I (4).
2. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to claim 1, characterised in that: a buffering ore bin III (8) is arranged between the double-layer vibrating screen (5) and the XRT intelligent concentrator I (10), a vibrating distributor I (9) is arranged at a discharge port of the buffering ore bin III (8), and the XRT intelligent concentrator I (10) is arranged below the vibrating distributor I (9); and a vibrating distributor II (11) is arranged below a discharge hole of the XRT intelligent concentrator I (10).
3. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to claim 2, characterised in that: the XRT intelligent concentrator I (10) comprises a material conveying mechanism I (101), a detection mechanism I (102), an execution sorting mechanism I (103) and a control mechanism I (104), wherein the material conveying mechanism I (101) comprises a conveying rubber belt which is arranged below the vibration distributor I (9); the detection mechanism I (102) comprises an X-ray source I (1021) and a detector I (1022), wherein the X-ray source I (1021) is installed right above the conveying rubber belt, and the detector I (1022) is installed right below the conveying rubber belt; the execution sorting mechanism I (103) comprises a gas storage tank I (1031) and a gas exhaust gun I (1032), the gas exhaust gun I (1032) is installed at a gas outlet of the gas storage tank I (1031), and the gas exhaust gun I (1032) is located at a discharge outlet of the conveying rubber belt; the detector I (1022) sends identification information to the control mechanism I (104), and the control mechanism I (104) controls the air exhaust gun I (1032) to strike the waste rock after converting and analyzing signals.
4. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to claim 3, characterised in that: the X-ray source I (1021) is a high-energy X-ray and a low-energy X-ray, the detection range of the low-energy X-ray is 40-80 keV, and the detection range of the high-energy X-ray is 150-300 keV; the conveying rubber belt runs at a constant speed of 3-4 m/s.
5. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to claim 3, characterised in that: the XRT intelligent concentrator II (12) comprises a material conveying mechanism II (121), a detection mechanism II (122), an execution sorting mechanism II (123) and a control mechanism II (124), wherein the material conveying mechanism II (121) comprises a conveying rubber belt, and the conveying rubber belt is installed below the vibrating distributor II (11); the detection mechanism II (122) comprises an X-ray source II (1221) and a detector II (1222), the X-ray source II (1221) is installed right above the conveying rubber belt, and the detector II (1222) is installed right below the conveying rubber belt; the execution sorting mechanism II (123) comprises a gas storage tank II (1231) and a gas discharge gun II (1232), the gas discharge gun II (1232) is installed at the gas outlet of the gas storage tank II (1231), and the gas discharge gun II (1232) is located at the discharge port of the conveying adhesive tape; and the detector II (1222) sends the identification information to the control mechanism II (124), and the control mechanism II (124) controls the air exhaust lance II (1232) to strike the lump ore concentrate after converting the analysis signal.
6. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to claim 5, wherein: the X-ray source II (1221) is a high-energy X-ray and a low-energy X-ray, the detection range of the low-energy X-ray is 40-100 keV, and the detection range of the high-energy X-ray is 200-300 keV; the conveying rubber belt runs at a constant speed of 3-4 m/s.
7. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the sieve mesh size of the lower layer screen mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen (5) is 10mm, and the sieve mesh size of the upper layer screen mesh is 30-60 mm.
8. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to claim 7, wherein: a buffering ore bin II (6) is arranged between the double-layer vibrating screen (5) and the cone crusher (7); and the feeding port of the buffer ore bin II (6) is also communicated with the discharge port of the XRT intelligent concentrator I (10).
9. A dry pre-selection system for low grade chromite according to claim 7, wherein: the feeding granularity of the jaw crusher (3) is smaller than 450mm, and the maximum discharging granularity is 60-100 mm.
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