CN112090480A - Dry-type pre-selection system and process for low-grade fluorite ore - Google Patents
Dry-type pre-selection system and process for low-grade fluorite ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN112090480A CN112090480A CN202010994999.1A CN202010994999A CN112090480A CN 112090480 A CN112090480 A CN 112090480A CN 202010994999 A CN202010994999 A CN 202010994999A CN 112090480 A CN112090480 A CN 112090480A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
- B07B1/4663—Multi-layer screening surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
- B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens
Abstract
The invention discloses a dry-type pre-selection system and a dry-type pre-selection process for low-grade fluorite ores, and belongs to the technical field of ore dressing. The invention comprises a raw ore receiving bin, a feeder and a jaw crusher which are arranged in sequence, wherein a closed-circuit crushing and screening dry separation mechanism is arranged below the jaw crusher and comprises a buffer ore bin I which is sequentially arranged according to the production process sequenceDouble-deck shale shaker, XRT intelligence concentrator and cone crusher, cone crusher's discharge gate and the pan feeding mouth intercommunication in buffering ore bin I. The intermediate product of the double-layer vibrating screen is conveyed to an XRT intelligent ore dressing machine for screening, the selected concentrate is conveyed to a conical crusher for crushing and re-screening, and the selected waste rock is conveyed to a waste rock bin; and conveying the undersize product of the double-layer vibrating screen to a concentrate bin. The screening process of the invention can greatly abandon surrounding rocks and included rocks and improve the CaF in the ore2The grade, the grinding and selecting operation cost is reduced, the effects of reducing cost and improving efficiency are achieved, and the resource utilization rate of the fluorite ore can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, in particular to a dry-type pre-selection system and a dry-type pre-selection process for low-grade fluorite ore.
Background
Fluorite, also known as fluorite, is the primary source of crystalline calcium fluoride and chemical fluorine. As an important mineral raw material in modern industry, the mineral raw material is mainly applied to strategic emerging industries such as new energy and new materials and the fields such as national defense, military, nuclear industry and the like, is also an important raw material in traditional industries such as chemical industry, metallurgy, building materials, optics and the like, and has different strategic positions of replacement.
Although the reserves of fluorite ore are large in China, rich ore is less, poor ore is more, and most fluorite ore needs to be sorted to improve the CaF product2The adopted sorting process mainly comprises flotation and gravity separation. Surrounding rocks and stones in the raw ore can be discarded by pre-separation and tailing discarding before grinding, so that the grade of the selected raw ore is improved, the raw ore amount in the grinding and separation process is reduced, and the production cost of ore separation is reduced; in addition, pre-selected prior to grindingDiscarding tailings, recovering the geological grade and improving the utilization rate of resources; and the amount of the tailings entering the tailing pond can be reduced, and the service life of the tailing pond is prolonged.
At present, the preselection of fluorite ore in China mainly adopts a manual selection mode, and the manual selection is to separate according to different block and particle physical properties. In the process of sorting metallurgical grade fluorite ores, a manual sorting mode is mainly adopted, the ore sorting method is simple and feasible, and is mainly used for the fluorite ores with clear fluorite and gangue boundaries, easy waste stone removal and easy visual identification of various grades of ores, but the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, high in labor cost, high in labor intensity and large in limitation.
Through retrieval, relevant patents are disclosed at present for solving the defects of time and labor waste, high labor cost, high labor intensity and the like of the manual selection method. For example, chinese patent application nos.: CN201811481521.8, published date: an invention patent of 3 and 22 months in 2019 discloses a production system and a process of three-product fluorite lump ore, and the invention comprises the following steps: the raw ore pretreatment system is used for crushing, washing and screening fluorite raw ores to obtain fluorite lump ores and ore pulp; three product separation systems, under the effect of suspension, it is right according to the proportion size fluorite lump ore is selected separately, obtains heavy product, intermediate product and light product respectively, then right suspension and fluorite in heavy product, intermediate product and the light product separate, obtain high-grade fluorite lump ore, low-grade fluorite lump ore, fluorite raw materials and retrieve suspension, obtain two grades fluorite lump ores and fluorite raw materials, and the fluorite raw materials can be used as other processing industrial chemicals. The process has the following problems: the process is complex: relates to ore washing, a dense medium suspension liquid preparation and recovery system and a dense medium ore dressing system; high energy consumption and high cost: the whole system has large installed power and high power consumption, and the dense medium recovery process has loss, so the running cost is high; the separation effect is poor: the density difference between fluorite ore and waste rock is small, so that the separation effect is poor.
Also, for example, the Chinese patent application number is: CN202010144036.2, published date: the invention patent of 6-19.2020 discloses a fluorite tailing discarding dry process, which mainly adopts a method combining crushing, screening and dry separation to control the fluorite granularity to be 70mm so as to meet the separation conditions of separation equipment. The separation equipment is divided into a coarse fraction air heavy medium dry separator and a fine fraction composite dry separator, and the two separators can be used for pertinently separating fluorite with two granularities, so that the tailing throwing efficiency is improved, and the subsequent processing cost is reduced. The invention relates to a dense medium mineral separation process using an air dense medium fluidized bed as a separation medium, and the adopted equipment is an air dense medium dry separator and a fine-grained composite dry separator, and the processes have the following problems: the process is complex: the system comprises an air heavy medium fluidized bed system, an air heavy medium beneficiation system, an auxiliary system of compressed air and the like and a dust removal system; high energy consumption and high cost: the whole system has large installed power, high power consumption, high system energy consumption, loss in the heavy medium recycling process and higher operation cost; the separation effect is poor: the density difference between fluorite ore and waste rock is small, so that the separation effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
Aiming at the problems of complex process, high energy consumption, low separation precision and the like of the ore dressing, the invention designs a dry-type pre-selection system and a dry-type pre-selection process for low-grade fluorite ore, which can replace the manual selection mode and the heavy medium ore dressing of the fluorite ore, overcome the defects of randomness, instability, high cost, low production efficiency and the like caused by human factors in the manual selection, and overcome the defects of high production cost, complex process and the like of the heavy medium ore dressing. The separation method is simple, efficient, energy-saving and high in efficiency, can greatly abandon surrounding rocks and included rocks, and improves the CaF in the ore2The grade and the separation efficiency are high, the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved, and the resource utilization rate of the fluorite ore can be improved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a dry-type pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore comprises an ore receiving bin for raw ore and a feeder communicated with a discharge port of the ore receiving bin, wherein the discharge port of the feeder is communicated with a feed port of a jaw crusher, a closed-circuit crushing and screening dry separation mechanism is installed below the discharge port of the jaw crusher and comprises a buffering ore bin I, a double-layer vibrating screen, an XRT intelligent ore separator and a cone crusher which are sequentially arranged according to a production process sequence, and the discharge port of the cone crusher is communicated with a feed port of the buffering ore bin I; conveying the intermediate product of the double-layer vibrating screen into the XRT intelligent mineral processing machine, and conveying the undersize product to a concentrate bin; the undersize product of double-deck shale shaker is as getting into the ore that grinds the selection operation, and the intermediate product is carried to XRT intelligence ore dressing machine in, carries out dry separation by XRT intelligence concentrator, and the concentrate that elects by XRT intelligence concentrator is carried and is carried to carrying out the breakage once more in the circular cone crusher to pass through double-deck shale shaker again and sieve again, and the barren rock that elects by XRT intelligence concentrator is carried and is sold as the building materials in the barren rock storehouse, and this separation technology method is comparatively simple, and the cost is lower, and the separation effect is better.
Further technical scheme double-deck shale shaker with install buffering ore bin III between the XRT intelligence concentrator, buffering ore bin III's discharge gate department installs the vibration distributing device, XRT intelligence concentrator is installed the below of vibration distributing device, the vibration distributing device is installed to buffering ore bin III's discharge end, and the vibration distributing device will wait to sort the material and evenly give into XRT intelligence concentrator.
According to a further technical scheme, the XRT intelligent concentrator comprises a material conveying mechanism, a detection mechanism, an execution sorting mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the material conveying mechanism comprises a conveying rubber belt, and the conveying rubber belt is installed below the vibrating distributor; the detection mechanism comprises an X-ray source and a detector, the X-ray source is arranged right above the conveying rubber belt, and the detector is arranged right below the conveying rubber belt; the execution sorting mechanism comprises an air storage tank and an air exhaust gun, the air exhaust gun is installed at an air outlet of the air storage tank, and the air exhaust gun is located at a discharge port of the conveying rubber belt; the detector sends identification information to control mechanism, control mechanism conversion analysis signal back control the gas row rifle is hit and is hit, hits through the action of automatic control gas row rifle and hits, can separate ore and barren rock.
According to a further technical scheme, the X-ray source is high-energy and low-energy X-rays, the detection range of the low-energy X-rays is 20-100 keV, and the detection range of the high-energy X-rays is 150-300 keV; the conveying rubber belt runs at a constant speed, the running speed is 3-4 m/s, and the ore is detected by adopting high-energy and low-energy X-rays, so that the influence of the thickness of the ore on the detection precision can be effectively eliminated; the conveying rubber belt runs at a constant speed to ensure the accurate striking rate and further enhance the separation effect.
According to the technical scheme, the product on the sieve of the double-layer vibrating screen is conveyed to the cone crusher, the granularity of the product on the sieve is large, the product on the sieve is directly conveyed into the cone crusher to be secondarily crushed and sieved again, the working time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.
According to the further technical scheme, a buffering ore bin II is arranged between the double-layer vibrating screen and the cone crusher; the feed inlet of buffering ore bin II still with the discharge gate of XRT intelligence concentrator communicates with each other, and buffering ore bin II can save a quantitative ore, can adjust cone crusher and the two work efficiency of double-deck shale shaker.
According to a further technical scheme, the size of a screen hole of a lower-layer screen mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen is 10mm, the screened particle size of the lower-layer screen mesh is less than 10mm, and the subsequent grinding and selecting operation of a main workshop is carried out; the sieve mesh size of upper screen cloth is 30 ~ 60mm, and the intermediate product that upper screen mesh was sieved is carried out dry separation by XRT intelligence concentrator, consequently, the sieve mesh size of upper screen cloth and XRT intelligence concentrator throw the tail volume and the tailing grade looks adaptation.
In a further technical scheme, the feeding granularity of the jaw crusher is less than 450mm, and the discharging granularity is less than 100 mm.
In a further technical scheme, the particle size of the waste stone is-60 +10mm, and the particle size of the waste stone is determined by the upper layer sieve mesh and the lower layer sieve mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen.
A dry-type pre-selection process of low-grade fluorite ore adopts any one of the dry-type pre-selection systems of low-grade fluorite ore, and the sorting steps are as follows:
step one, crushing: conveying the fluorite raw ore in the raw ore receiving bin into a jaw crusher for crushing through a feeder;
step two, screening: the fluorite raw ore crushed by the jaw crusher is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen, and undersize products enter a concentrate bin; conveying the oversize products into a cone crusher for secondary crushing, and conveying the crushed ores into a double-layer vibrating screen for secondary screening; conveying the intermediate product into an XRT intelligent concentrator for separation;
step three, XRT intelligent dry separation: after the fluorite raw ore is uniformly fed into a conveying adhesive tape in an XRT intelligent concentrator by a vibrating distributor, the fluorite raw ore is conveyed on the conveying adhesive tape at a constant speed, an X-ray source irradiates and identifies the fluorite raw ore one by one, a detector sends identification information to a control mechanism, and the control mechanism gives an action instruction to an air exhaust gun after completing signal conversion and analysis, the air exhaust gun strikes and separates waste stone and ore; and conveying the waste rocks into a waste rock bin, conveying ores into the cone crusher for secondary crushing, and conveying the ores after secondary crushing into the double-layer vibrating screen for secondary screening.
According to the process, the XRT intelligent concentrator is used for sorting specific size fractions, most surrounding rocks and included rocks can be directly discarded, the grade of raw ore entering a mill is improved, the milling cost is reduced, and the enterprise benefit is improved; and the crushed coarse particles are thrown to the tail, so that the defects of complex dense medium sorting system, high energy consumption, complex production link management and high operation cost are avoided.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the dry-type pre-selection system and the process for the low-grade fluorite ore, the double-layer vibrating screen is used for primarily screening the fluorite raw ore crushed by the jaw crusher, the undersize product directly meets the granularity requirement of the grinding and selecting operation of a main workshop, so that the powder ore product capable of being subjected to the grinding and selecting operation can be directly output through screening by the double-layer vibrating screen, the granularity of the intermediate product meets the separation granularity requirement of an XRT intelligent concentrator, the intermediate product is conveyed into the XRT intelligent concentrator for dry separation, the concentrate selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator is conveyed into the conical crusher for secondary crushing, and then the concentrate is inspected and screened by the double-layer vibrating screen and is circularly reciprocated until all the fluorite raw ore is screened; and the barren rock that is elected by XRT intelligence concentrator is carried to the barren rock storehouse in and is sold as the building materials, and this sorting method is comparatively simple to screening efficiency is higher, and the separation effect is better.
(2) According to the dry-type pre-selection system and process for the low-grade fluorite ore, the surrounding rock and the included rock which are thrown to the tail in advance by the XRT intelligent concentrating machine can be used as building materials for sale, the yield of the thrown tail is high, the effect is good, the boundary grade of the fluorite ore can be reduced by adopting the technology, the recovery rate of the fluorite ore is improved, and the dry-type pre-selection system and the dry-type pre-selection process for the low-grade fluorite ore accord with the national policy of controlling fluorite ore resources.
(3) According to the dry-type pre-selection system and process for the low-grade fluorite ore, the high-energy XRT intelligent concentrating machine and the low-energy XRT intelligent concentrating machine are adopted to perform pre-selection and tailing discarding, the size fraction of the concentration is wide, and high-energy X rays and low-energy X rays penetrate through ore particles one by one, so that the influence of the thickness of the ore is eliminated, and the CaF in each ore can be directly used2The ore particles are determined to be concentrate or tailings according to the grade, the sorting precision is high, the equipment has intelligent production, and the production efficiency is high.
(4) According to the dry-type pre-selection system and the process for the low-grade fluorite ore, the pre-selection inspection closed-circuit screening is performed by adopting the double-layer vibrating screen, so that the screening efficiency is high; the sieve mesh size of control upper screen cloth can obtain the upper ore and the middle ore of different granularities, directly carries out the secondary crushing to the great upper ore of granularity and reduces the ore particle size, sieves the barren rock again, directly adopts XRT intelligence concentrator to select the barren rock to middle ore, has improved production efficiency.
(5) According to the dry-type pre-selection system and the dry-type pre-selection process for the low-grade fluorite ore, the buffer ore bin I, the buffer ore bin II and the buffer ore bin III can store a certain amount of ore, so that the working efficiency of the front and rear processes can be adjusted, and the problems of hopper blockage and the like caused by different working efficiencies are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dry pre-concentration system for low grade fluorite ore according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an XRT smart concentrator for use with low grade fluorite ores in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a dry pre-concentration process for low grade fluorite ore according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a raw ore receiving bin; 2. a feeder; 3. a jaw crusher; 4. a buffering ore bin I; 5. a double-layer vibrating screen; 6. a buffer ore bin II; 7. a cone crusher; 8. a buffer ore bin III; 9. a vibrating distributor;
10. an XRT intelligent concentrator; 101. a material conveying mechanism; 102. a detection mechanism; 1021. an X-ray source; 1022. a detector; 103. an execution sorting mechanism; 1031. a gas storage tank; 1032. an air exhaust gun; 104. a control mechanism;
11. a waste stone bin; 12. and (4) a concentrate bin.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The dry-type preselection system and process of low-grade fluorite ore of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, include that the raw ore that arranges in proper order according to production technology receives ore bin 1, batcher 2, jaw breaker 3, buffering ore bin I4, double-deck shale shaker 5, buffering ore bin II 6, cone crusher 7, buffering ore bin III 8, vibrating material distributor 9 and XRT intelligence concentrator 10.
Former ore is carried to fluorite raw ore and is received ore bin 1, feeder 2 is installed to the discharge gate that former ore received ore bin 1, the discharge end and the 3 feed openings butt joint of jaw crusher of feeder 2, buffering ore bin I4 is carried to the broken product of jaw crusher 3, in order to reduce jaw crusher 3's the work degree of difficulty, improve work efficiency, jaw crusher 3's feed granularity is less than 450mm, its ore discharge mouth control is at 40 ~ 60mm, its row material maximum particle size is 60 ~ 100 mm. The discharge gate butt joint double-deck shale shaker 5's feed end in buffering ore bin I4, buffering ore bin I4 can adjust 3 and the 5 work efficiency of double-deck shale shaker in jaw breaker, plays certain cushioning effect. The sieve mesh size of the lower layer of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is 10mm, the sieve mesh size of the upper layer is 30-60 mm, the undersize product selected by the lower sieve mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is sent into the concentrate bin 12 for grinding and selecting, wherein the granularity of the undersize product is less than 10mm, the oversize product selected by the upper sieve mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is conveyed to the buffer bin II 6 and then fed into the cone crusher 7, the buffer bin II 6 can adjust the work efficiency of the cone crusher 7 and the double-layer vibrating screen 5, and a certain buffering effect is achieved. Wherein the granularity of the product on the screen is more than 60mm, the intermediate product of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is conveyed to a buffer ore bin III 8, and the granularity of the intermediate product is generally more than 10mm and less than 60 mm. The vibrating distributor 9 is installed to III 8 discharge gates below in buffering ore bin, and III 8 in buffering ore bin can adjust the work efficiency of vibrating distributor 9 and double-deck shale shaker 5, play certain cushioning effect. The vibrating distributor 9 feeds the material to be sorted evenly into an XRT smart concentrator 10, which is an acronym for X-ray transmission Technology. After being conveyed to a buffering ore bin II 6, a concentrate product selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 enters a cone crusher 7 to be crushed, waste rocks (tailings) selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 are conveyed to a waste rock bin 8 to be sold as building materials, and the granularity of the waste rocks is minus 60+10 mm. The surrounding rock and the included stone thrown by the XRT intelligent concentrating machine 10 in advance can be used as building materials for sale, the yield of the thrown tail is high, the effect is good, the boundary grade of the fluorite ore can be reduced by adopting the technology, the recovery rate of the fluorite ore is improved, and the national policy of fluorite ore resource management and control is met.
Wherein, form closed crushing screening dry separation mechanism by buffering ore bin I4, double-deck shale shaker 5, buffering ore bin III 8, vibration distributing device 9, XRT intelligent concentrator 10, buffering ore bin II 6, cone crusher 7 and buffering ore bin I4 that arrange according to production technology order in proper order. The broken product of cone crusher 7 carries double-deck shale shaker 5, and the concentrate that the intermediate product of double-deck shale shaker 5 selected behind XRT intelligence concentrator 10 carries cone crusher 7 breakage again to the realization is to the repeated breakage of the intermediate product of double-deck shale shaker 5. Furthermore, the mesh size of the lower layer screen mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 in the closed-circuit crushing screening dry separation mechanism is 10mm, so that the crushed ore granularity of the fine ore can be controlled to be less than 10mm, the ore grinding energy consumption is reduced, and more crushing and less grinding are realized; the sieve mesh size of upper screen cloth is 30 ~ 60mm, and the size of upper screen hole is confirmed according to XRT intelligent concentrator 10's the volume of throwing the tail and tailing grade, can ensure that all be greater than the sieve mesh size of the lower floor screen cloth of double-deck shale shaker 5 and be less than the ore homoenergetic of the sieve mesh size of upper screen cloth and select separately in getting into XRT intelligent concentrator 10, has improved and has thrown the tail efficiency.
Specifically, the XRT smart concentrator 10 includes a material conveying mechanism 101, a detection mechanism 102, an execution sorting mechanism 103, and a control mechanism 104. The material conveying mechanism 10 is a conveying belt, the detection mechanism 102 comprises an X-ray source 1021 and a detector 1022, the execution sorting mechanism 103 comprises an air discharge gun 1032 and an air storage tank 1031, and the control mechanism 104 is a control cabinet. After the crushed fluorite lump ore in the middle layer of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is uniformly fed into the material conveying mechanism 101 by the vibrating distributor 9, the fluorite lump ore passes through the detection mechanism 102 on the conveying rubber belt at a constant speed, and the running speed of the conveying rubber belt is 3-4 m/s. Detection mechanism 102 shines the discernment through X ray source 1021 to the ore one by one, detector 1022 sends identification information for control mechanism 104, control mechanism 104 accomplishes the conversion and the analysis back of various signals with the help of computer AI technique, give execution sorting mechanism 103 in the air discharging rifle 1032 and issue the action instruction, make air discharging rifle 1032 hit accurately and hit and beat, as shown in fig. 2, when detection mechanism 102 discerned the barren rock, air discharging rifle 1032 beats the action, make the barren rock beat, place the collecting tank according to the position that the barren rock beats, can collect the barren rock, and when detection mechanism 102 discerned the ore, air discharging rifle 1032 did not hit and beat the action, the ore can fall down automatically, the collecting tank has been placed to the discharge end below of carrying the sticky tape, be used for collecting the ore, thereby can be with barren rock and ore separation.
The XRT intelligent concentrator 10 is a separation technology based on dual-energy X-ray transmission, utilizes the physical characteristics of X-rays and the relationship between the interaction of the X-rays and substances and atomic numbers to identify ore components, is a new technology for identifying and classifying materials by utilizing different absorption degrees of the substances to high-energy and low-energy X-rays, and has different absorption degreesThe particle size range is 10-100 mm under the influence of the surface condition of the material. An X-ray source 1021 in a detection mechanism 102 of the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 is a high-energy X-ray and a low-energy X-ray, the detection range of the low-energy X-ray is 20-100 keV, and the detection range of the high-energy X-ray is 150-300 keV; the method adopts high-energy and low-energy X rays to detect ores, and can distinguish different types of substances from images formed by two different substances and generated by different thicknesses by comparing and operating the absorption coefficients of two different high-energy and low-energy X rays according to the different principles of the absorption degrees (linear absorption coefficients) of the substances with the same atomic number to the high-energy and low-energy X rays, thereby effectively eliminating the influence of the thickness of the ores on the detection precision and directly detecting the CaF (carbon fluoride) in each ore2The ore particles are determined to be concentrate or tailings according to the grade, the sorting precision is high, the equipment has intelligent production, and the production efficiency is high.
Example 2
The basic structure of the dry-type pre-selection system and the dry-type pre-selection process for low-grade fluorite ore in the embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and the differences and improvements are that: as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the sorting steps of the dry pre-selection process of low-grade fluorite ore are as follows:
step one, crushing: conveying fluorite raw ore into a raw ore receiving bin 1 by an automobile, and conveying the fluorite raw ore into a jaw crusher 3 by a feeder 2 for crushing;
step two, screening: the fluorite ore crushed by the jaw crusher 3 is conveyed into the double-layer vibrating screen 5, and undersize products of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 are conveyed into the concentrate bin 12; products on the sieve are conveyed into a cone crusher 7 to be crushed again, and the crushed ore is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5 to be sieved again according to the particle size; the intermediate product is conveyed into an XRT intelligent concentrator 10 to separate ores and waste rocks;
step three, XRT intelligent dry separation: an intermediate product (-60+10mm) of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is conveyed to a vibrating distributor 9, the intermediate product is uniformly fed to a conveying rubber belt in an XRT intelligent concentrator 10 by the vibrating distributor 9, fluorite ore is conveyed on the conveying rubber belt at a constant speed, an X-ray source 1021 in a detection mechanism 102 irradiates and identifies the fluorite raw ore one by one, a detector 1022 sends identification information to a control mechanism 104, the control mechanism 104 sends an action instruction to an air discharge gun 1032 after completing signal conversion and analysis, and the air discharge gun 1032 performs action impact, so that waste stone and ore are separated; and conveying the waste rocks into a waste rock bin 11, conveying the ores into a cone crusher 7 for secondary crushing, conveying the crushed ores into a double-layer vibrating screen 9 for secondary screening, and continuously repeating the steps.
This embodiment provides three specific operational examples, as follows:
example 1:
CaF (fluorite crude ore)2The grade is 17.92%, and the gangue minerals mainly comprise quartz, plagioclase feldspar, calcite, small amount of chlorite, apatite, etc. The sorting steps are as follows:
step one, crushing: the maximum lump size of the mined ore is 450mm, the mined ore is fed into a raw ore receiving bin 1 by an automobile and is conveyed into a jaw crusher 3 through a feeder 2, wherein the model of the jaw crusher 3 is JC0850, the close-edge ore discharge port of the jaw crusher is adjusted to be 40mm, and the crushed product is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5;
step two, screening: the double-layer vibrating screen 5 adopts a YKR1437H circular vibrating screen, the size of the screen hole of the lower layer screen is 10mm, and the size of the screen hole of the upper layer screen is 30 mm; undersize products are conveyed into a concentrate bin 12, oversize products are conveyed into a cone crusher 7 for secondary crushing, the model of the cone crusher 7 is preferably selected to be CH420, and the crushed ore is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5 for secondary screening according to the particle size; the intermediate product is conveyed into an XRT intelligent concentrator 10 to separate ores and waste rocks;
step three, XRT intelligent dry separation: the intermediate products of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 are fed into the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 for sorting, the waste rocks (surrounding rocks and stones) sorted by the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 are thrown into a waste rock bin 11, the selected concentrate is fed into the cone crusher 7 for crushing, the products of the cone crusher 7 are fed into the double-layer vibrating screen 5 for re-screening, the intermediate products are fed into the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 for sorting, and the conveying speed of a conveying belt of the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 is 3 m/s.
Through the process, the raw ore CaF2Grade (L) of a materialThe yield is improved from 17.92% to 26.95%, and the yield is improved by 9.03 percentage points; the reject yield is 39.61%, and the tailing grade is 4.15%. Concentrate CaF2The recovery of (a) was 90.83%.
Example 2:
raw fluorite ore CaF2The grade is 25.53%, and the gangue minerals mainly comprise quartz, plagioclase feldspar, calcite, and small amount of chlorite and apatite. The sorting steps are as follows:
step one, crushing: the particle size of fluorite raw ore is 450mm, the fluorite raw ore is fed into a raw ore receiving bin 1 by an automobile and is conveyed into a jaw crusher 3 by a feeder 2, the model of the jaw crusher 3 is JC0850, the close-edge ore discharge port of the jaw crusher is adjusted to be 40mm, and the crushed product is fed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5;
step two, screening: the double-layer vibrating screen 5 adopts a YKR1437H circular vibrating screen, the size of the screen hole of the lower layer screen is 10mm, and the size of the screen hole of the upper layer screen is 40 mm; undersize products are conveyed into a concentrate bin 12, oversize products are conveyed into a cone crusher 7 for secondary crushing, the model of the cone crusher 7 is preferably selected to be CH420, and the crushed ore is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5 for secondary screening according to the particle size; the intermediate product is conveyed into an XRT intelligent concentrator 10 to separate ores and waste rocks;
step three, XRT intelligent dry separation: the intermediate products of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 are fed into the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 for sorting, the waste rocks (surrounding rocks and stones) selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 are thrown into a waste rock bin 11, the selected concentrate is fed into the cone crusher 7 for crushing, the crushed products of the cone crusher 7 are fed into the double-layer vibrating screen 5 for re-screening, the intermediate products are fed into the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 for sorting, and the conveying speed of a conveying belt of the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 is 3 m/s.
Through the process, the raw ore CaF2The grade is improved from 25.53% to 34.68%, and is improved by 9.15 percentage points; the reject yield is 30.67%, the tailing grade is 4.85%, and concentrate CaF2The recovery rate is 94.17%.
Example 3:
raw fluorite ore CaF2The grade is 22.86%, and the gangue minerals are mainly quartz, plagioclase feldspar and cubic solutionStone and a small amount of chlorite, apatite, etc. The sorting steps are as follows:
step one, crushing and screening: the fluorite raw ore granularity is 450mm, the fluorite raw ore is fed into a raw ore receiving bin 1 by an automobile and is conveyed into a jaw crusher 3 through a feeder 2, the model of the jaw crusher 3 is JC0850, the close-edge ore discharge port of the jaw crusher is adjusted to be 40mm, and a product crushed by the jaw crusher 3 is fed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5;
step two, screening: the double-layer vibrating screen 5 adopts a YKR1437H circular vibrating screen, the size of the screen hole of the lower layer screen is 10mm, and the size of the screen hole of the upper layer screen is 60 mm; undersize products are conveyed into a concentrate bin 12, oversize products are conveyed into a cone crusher 7 for secondary crushing, the model of the cone crusher 7 is preferably selected to be CH420, and the crushed ore is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen 5 for secondary screening according to the particle size; the intermediate product is conveyed into an XRT intelligent concentrator 10 to separate ores and waste rocks;
step three, XRT intelligent dry separation: the intermediate product of the double-layer vibrating screen 5 is fed into the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 for sorting, the waste rocks (surrounding rocks and stones) selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 are thrown into a waste rock bin 11, the selected concentrate is fed into the cone crusher 7 for crushing, the crushed product of the cone crusher 7 is fed into the double-layer vibrating screen 5 for re-screening, the intermediate product is fed into the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 for sorting, and the conveying speed of the conveying belt of the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 is 3 m/s.
Through the process, the raw ore CaF2The grade is improved from 22.86 percent to 33.21 percent by 10.35 percent; the reject yield is 37.16%, the tailing grade is 5.36%, and concentrate CaF2The recovery rate was 91.29%.
As can be seen from the above example, the raw ore CaF of example 32The grade is improved most, and the reject yield, the tailing grade and the concentrate CaF2The recovery rate is improved, and therefore, the embodiment 3 is a preferable embodiment. By adopting the dry type pre-selection system and the screening process, the XRT intelligent concentrator 10 is adopted to separate specific size fractions of ores, the separated size fractions are wide, most of surrounding rocks and included rocks can be directly discarded, the discarded waste rocks can be sold as building materials, and the discarded XRT intelligent concentrator 10 is used for throwingThe tail yield is high, the effect is good, so that the grade of the grinding concentrate can be improved, the grinding and selecting cost is reduced, and the enterprise benefit is improved. In addition, the XRT intelligent concentrating machine 10 adopts high-energy and low-energy X rays which penetrate through ore particles one by one, so that the influence of the thickness of the ore is eliminated, and the CaF in each ore can be directly used2The ore particles are determined to be concentrate or tailings according to the grade, and the sorting precision is high. Compared with manual selection, the process has the advantages of high automation degree, high efficiency and high recovery rate of fluorite; compared with the dense medium pre-selection process, the invention is a dry separation process, coarse particles are thrown off after crushing, and the defects of high energy consumption, complex production link management and high operation cost of a dense medium separation system are avoided.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dry-type preliminary election system of low-grade fluorite ore, includes that the raw ore receives ore bin (1) and batcher (2) rather than the discharge gate intercommunication, the discharge gate of batcher (2) communicates the feed inlet of jaw crusher (3), its characterized in that: a closed-circuit crushing and screening dry separation mechanism is arranged below a discharge port of the jaw crusher (3), the closed-circuit crushing and screening dry separation mechanism comprises a buffering ore bin I (4), a double-layer vibrating screen (5), an XRT intelligent ore separator (10) and a cone crusher (7) which are sequentially arranged according to a production process sequence, and the discharge port of the cone crusher (7) is communicated with a feeding port of the buffering ore bin I (4); conveying the intermediate product of the double-layer vibrating screen (5) into the XRT intelligent concentrator (10), and conveying the undersize product to a concentrate bin (12); the concentrate selected by the XRT intelligent concentrator (10) is conveyed to the cone crusher (7), and the selected waste rocks are conveyed to a waste rock bin (11).
2. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to claim 1 and wherein: double-deck shale shaker (5) with install buffering ore bin III (8) between XRT intelligence concentrator (10), the discharge gate department of buffering ore bin III (8) installs vibrating distributor (9), XRT intelligence concentrator (10) are installed vibrating distributor's (9) below.
3. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to claim 2 and wherein: the XRT intelligent concentrator (10) comprises a material conveying mechanism (101), a detection mechanism (102), an execution sorting mechanism (103) and a control mechanism (104), wherein the material conveying mechanism (101) comprises a conveying rubber belt which is arranged below the vibrating distributor (9); the detection mechanism (102) comprises an X-ray source (1021) and a detector (1022), wherein the X-ray source (1021) is installed right above the conveying rubber belt, and the detector (1022) is installed right below the conveying rubber belt; the execution sorting mechanism (103) comprises an air storage tank (1031) and an air exhaust gun (1032), the air exhaust gun (1032) is installed at an air outlet of the air storage tank (1031), and the air exhaust gun (1032) is located at a discharge outlet of the conveying adhesive tape; the detector (1022) sends identification information to the control mechanism (104), and the control mechanism (104) controls the air discharge gun (1032) to strike after converting the analysis signal.
4. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to claim 3 wherein: the X-ray source (1021) is a high-energy X-ray and a low-energy X-ray, the detection range of the low-energy X-ray is 20-100 keV, and the detection range of the high-energy X-ray is 150-300 keV; the conveying rubber belt runs at a constant speed of 3-4 m/s.
5. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the oversize products of the double-deck vibrating screen (5) are transported to the cone crusher (7).
6. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to claim 5 wherein: a buffering ore bin II (6) is arranged between the double-layer vibrating screen (5) and the cone crusher (7); and the feeding port of the buffering ore bin II (6) is also communicated with the discharge port of the XRT intelligent concentrator (10).
7. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to claim 6 and wherein: the sieve mesh size of the lower layer screen mesh of the double-layer vibrating screen (5) is 10mm, and the sieve mesh size of the upper layer screen mesh is 30-60 mm.
8. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to claim 7 wherein: the feeding granularity of the jaw crusher (3) is smaller than 450mm, and the discharging granularity is 60-100 mm.
9. A dry pre-selection system for low-grade fluorite ore according to claim 7 wherein: the particle size of the waste stone is-60 +10 mm.
10. A dry type pre-concentration process of low-grade fluorite ore, which adopts a dry type pre-concentration system of low-grade fluorite ore according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that: the sorting steps are as follows:
step one, crushing: the fluorite raw ore in the raw ore receiving bin (1) is conveyed into a jaw crusher (3) through a feeder (2) to be crushed;
step two, screening: the fluorite raw ore crushed by the jaw crusher (3) is conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen (5), and undersize products enter a concentrate bin (12); conveying the oversize products into a cone crusher (7) for secondary crushing, and conveying the crushed ores into a double-layer vibrating screen (5) for secondary screening; conveying the intermediate product into an XRT intelligent concentrator (10) for sorting;
step three, XRT intelligent dry separation: after a vibrating distributor (9) is uniformly fed into a conveying adhesive tape in an XRT intelligent concentrator (10), fluorite raw ores are conveyed on the conveying adhesive tape at a constant speed, an X-ray source (1021) irradiates and identifies the fluorite raw ores one by one, a detector (1022) sends identification information to a control mechanism (104), the control mechanism (104) gives an action instruction to an air discharging gun (1032) after completing signal conversion and analysis, and the air discharging gun (1032) strikes to separate waste rocks and ores; and the waste rocks are conveyed into a waste rock bin (11), the ores are conveyed into a cone crusher (7) to be crushed again, and the ores after being crushed again are conveyed into a double-layer vibrating screen (5) to be sieved again.
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