CN112554934A - High-efficient ventilation refrigerating system in tunnel - Google Patents
High-efficient ventilation refrigerating system in tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112554934A CN112554934A CN202010505186.1A CN202010505186A CN112554934A CN 112554934 A CN112554934 A CN 112554934A CN 202010505186 A CN202010505186 A CN 202010505186A CN 112554934 A CN112554934 A CN 112554934A
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- heat exchanger
- pipeline
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F3/00—Cooling or drying of air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel high-efficiency ventilation refrigerating system which comprises an evaporator, wherein a refrigerant outlet of the evaporator is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of a compressor, the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of a heat exchanger, the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of an expansion valve I, the refrigerant outlet of the expansion valve I is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator, a cooling liquid inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an out-of-tunnel liquid inlet pipe, and a cooling liquid outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an out-of-tunnel liquid outlet pipe. The invention has the advantages that: the environmental temperature of a working area in the tunnel can be effectively reduced; reducing the amount of water cooling the refrigeration system; reducing the risk of flooding the front of the tunnel; the temperature of novel rock breaking construction areas such as water jet rock breaking can be effectively reduced, and therefore efficient construction of workers and equipment is guaranteed effectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a tunnel efficient ventilation and refrigeration system.
Background
The tunnel ventilation refrigeration system comprises a flowmeter B1, a refrigeration compressor B2, a cold water tank B3, an air cooler B4 and a cold water pump B5. Wherein the refrigeration compressor is cooled by external circulating water and the air cooler is cooled by a cold water system.
The current tunnel ventilation and refrigeration system flow is as follows: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, external circulating water flows through a flowmeter from a position A and is divided into two paths, wherein one path of external circulating water enters a cold water tank, the other path of external circulating water cools a refrigeration compressor, and secondly, a cold water system circulates, a cold water pump sends freezing water to an air cooler from the cold water tank, heat is taken away by heat exchange in a tunnel, the freezing water enters a refrigeration unit again to be cooled, and the freezing water returns to the freezing water tank after being cooled.
The problem that tunnel ventilation refrigerating system exists at present:
1. when the TBM tunnels in a long distance or downhill, due to the pressure loss and the increase of the height difference of an external circulation pipeline, the external circulation water quantity is reduced, and damp and hot water in the tunnel can be caused;
2. the existing heat exchange modes of cooling a compressor refrigerant, cooling chilled water by the compressor refrigerant and cooling air by the chilled water have low heat exchange efficiency and small air temperature difference, and need a large amount of circulating water;
3. a large amount of water is needed to enter a tunnel refrigeration system, and long-distance or downhill tunneling and drainage are difficult, so that equipment in a tunnel is submerged by water;
4. the existing air cooler has small cross section and high air speed, and a freezing water pipe of the air cooler cannot exchange heat with air sufficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tunnel efficient ventilation and refrigeration system, which solves the problems of poor heat exchange effect and large cooling water consumption of the existing tunnel ventilation and refrigeration system.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the high-efficiency tunnel ventilation and refrigeration system comprises an evaporator, wherein a refrigerant outlet of the evaporator is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of a compressor, a refrigerant outlet of the compressor is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of a heat exchanger, a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of an expansion valve I, a refrigerant outlet of the expansion valve I is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of the evaporator, a coolant inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe outside a hole, and a coolant outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a liquid discharge pipe outside the hole.
The evaporator is a finned evaporator.
The evaporator and the expansion valve I are provided with four groups which are matched with each other.
And a solenoid valve I and a liquid sight glass are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant inlet of the expansion valve I.
And a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is provided with a filter I.
The compressor is a screw compressor.
And a pressure difference switch I is arranged between the pipeline of the refrigerant outlet of the compressor and the compressor.
The heat exchanger is a shell and tube heat exchanger.
The heat exchangers are provided with two groups.
And a descaling instrument and a filter II are arranged on the liquid inlet pipe outside the hole.
The descaler is an electronic descaler.
The filter II is a Y-shaped filter.
And a pressure difference switch II, a pressure gauge I and a needle valve are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger.
And a pressure difference switch III, a pressure gauge II, a needle valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant inlet of the compressor.
And a needle valve and a ball valve are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger.
The pipeline of the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into an evaporation pipeline and a cooling pipeline, the evaporation pipeline is communicated with an expansion valve I, the cooling pipeline is communicated with a screw cooling pipe, the expansion valve II is arranged on the screw cooling pipe, the screw cooling pipe is communicated with a screw of the compressor, and a temperature probe matched with the expansion valve II is arranged at the exhaust position of the compressor.
The expansion valve II is of an internal balance type.
And the screw cooling pipe is provided with a liquid viewing mirror and an electromagnetic valve II.
The pipeline of the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into an evaporation pipeline and a cooling pipeline, the evaporation pipeline is communicated with an expansion valve I, the cooling pipeline is communicated with a motor cooling pipe, an expansion valve III is arranged on the motor cooling pipe, the motor cooling pipe is communicated with a motor of the compressor, and a temperature probe matched with the expansion valve III is arranged at the exhaust position of the compressor.
The expansion valve III is in an external balance type, and a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of the compressor is communicated with the expansion valve III through a capillary tube.
And the motor cooling pipe is provided with a liquid viewing mirror and an electromagnetic valve III.
In recent years, TBM is tunneled more and more in long distance, high and low temperature environment and downhill, and the working environment in the tunnel has the problems of damp and hot property and low construction efficiency of personnel and equipment. The invention has the advantages that: the environmental temperature of a working area in the tunnel can be effectively reduced; reducing the amount of water cooling the refrigeration system; reducing the risk of flooding the front of the tunnel; the temperature of novel rock breaking construction areas such as water jet rock breaking can be effectively reduced, and therefore efficient construction of workers and equipment is guaranteed effectively.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional tunnel ventilation cooling system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-evaporator, 2-expansion valve I, 3-electromagnetic valve I, 4-filter I, 5-sight glass, 6-compressor, 7-differential pressure switch I, 8-temperature probe, 9-expansion valve II, 10-expansion valve III, 11-electromagnetic valve II, 12-electromagnetic valve III, 13-heat exchanger, 14-descaler, 15-filter II, 16-differential pressure switch II, 17-differential pressure switch III, 18-pressure gauge I, 19-pressure gauge II, 20-needle valve, 21-pressure sensor, 22-ball valve; b1-flowmeter, B2-refrigeration compressor, B3-cold water tank, B4-air cooler and B5-cold water pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the tunnel high-efficiency ventilation refrigeration system comprises an evaporator 1, an expansion valve I2, a solenoid valve I3, a filter I4, a liquid viewing mirror 5, a compressor 6, a differential pressure switch I7, a temperature probe 8, an expansion valve II9, an expansion valve III10, a solenoid valve II11, a solenoid valve III12, a heat exchanger 13, a descaler 14, a filter II15, a differential pressure switch II16, a differential pressure switch III17, a pressure gauge I18, a pressure gauge II19, a needle valve 20, a pressure sensor 21 and a ball valve 22.
The refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 1 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the compressor 6, the refrigerant outlet of the compressor 6 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger 13, the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger 13 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the expansion valve I2, and the refrigerant outlet of the expansion valve I2 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 1. The cooling liquid inlet of the heat exchanger 13 is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe outside the hole, and the cooling liquid outlet of the heat exchanger 13 is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe outside the hole.
The evaporator 1 is a finned evaporator 1, and a solenoid valve I3 and a liquid viewing mirror 5 are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant inlet of the expansion valve I2. The compressor 6 is a screw compressor, a pressure difference switch III17, a pressure gauge II19, a needle valve 20 and a pressure sensor 21 are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant inlet of the compressor 6, and a pressure difference switch I7 is arranged between a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of the compressor 6 and the compressor 6. When the pressure of a differential pressure switch I for oil filtration in the screw compressor machine is more than 1.5bar, the cooling oil impurity is excessive, and the screw compressor is stopped.
The heat exchanger 13 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a pressure difference switch II16, a pressure gauge I18 and a needle valve 20 are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger 13, and a filter I4, the needle valve 20 and a ball valve 22 are arranged on a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger 13.
The evaporator 1 and the expansion valve I2 are provided with four groups which are matched with each other and connected in parallel, the refrigerant outlets of the four groups of evaporators 1 are combined and communicated with the compressor 6, the refrigerant inlets of the four groups of expansion valves II2 are combined and communicated with the heat exchanger 13, and the evaporators 1 are communicated with the expansion valves II in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The heat exchangers 13 are provided with two groups connected in parallel, the refrigerant inlets of the two groups of heat exchangers are combined and communicated with the compressor, and the refrigerant outlets of the two groups of heat exchangers are combined and communicated with the evaporator.
The scale remover 14 and the filter II15 are arranged on the liquid inlet pipe outside the hole, and the electronic scale remover 15 can ensure that the shell-and-tube heat exchanger does not scale and the heat exchange efficiency is not reduced.
The pipeline of the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger 13 is divided into an evaporation pipeline and a cooling pipeline, the evaporation pipeline is communicated with an expansion valve I2, the cooling pipeline is communicated with a screw cooling pipe and a motor cooling pipe after passing through a ball valve 22, and a temperature probe 8 matched with an expansion valve II9 and an expansion valve III10 is arranged at the exhaust position of the compressor 6.
The screw cooling pipe is provided with a liquid viewing lens 5, an electromagnetic valve II11 and an expansion valve II9, the screw cooling pipe is communicated with a screw of the compressor 6, and the expansion valve II9 is in an internal balance type. The motor cooling pipe is provided with a liquid viewing mirror 5, an electromagnetic valve III12 and an expansion valve III10, the motor cooling pipe is communicated with a motor of the compressor 6, a temperature probe 8 matched with the expansion valve III10 is arranged at an exhaust position of the compressor 6, the expansion valve III10 is in an external balance type, and a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of the compressor 6 is communicated with the expansion valve III10 through a capillary tube.
When the system works, cooling water outside the tunnel enters the Y-shaped filter and the electronic scale remover and enters the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to exchange heat with a refrigerant. The cooled refrigerant passes through a filter I and then is divided into two paths, one path passes through a liquid viewing mirror, an electromagnetic valve I and an expansion valve I on an evaporation pipeline, finally enters an evaporator to exchange heat with the air in the tunnel, and then flows back to the screw compressor. Therefore, the tunnel air directly exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator, intermediate links are reduced, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the cross section area of the finned evaporator can be increased, the air speed of the cross section of the air heat exchange is reduced, and sufficient heat exchange is carried out.
The other path of the cooling pipeline enters the screw cooling pipe and the motor cooling pipe, and the temperature probe detects the exhaust temperature of the screw compressor. When the exhaust temperature of the screw compressor is 95-90 ℃, the electromagnetic valve II11 is opened, the low-temperature liquid refrigerant is sprayed onto the screw rotor, and the expansion valve II adjusts the opening size through the feedback of the temperature sensing bulb at the air outlet of the screw compressor, so that the exhaust temperature is protected, and the oil product is prevented from deteriorating. When the temperature is 90-85 ℃, the electromagnetic valve III12 is opened, the low-temperature liquid refrigerant is sprayed onto the motor winding, the expansion valve III adjusts the opening size through the common feedback of the temperature sensing bulb and the pressure at the air outlet of the screw compressor, and the overheating of the coil caused by the environment temperature of the motor and the overhigh exhaust temperature caused by the overlow suction pressure are protected. The refrigerant finally flows back to the screw compressor.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A tunnel high-efficiency ventilation and refrigeration system comprises an evaporator (1), and is characterized in that: the air conditioner is characterized in that a refrigerant outlet of the evaporator (1) is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of the compressor (6), a refrigerant outlet of the compressor (6) is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger (13), a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger (13) is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of the expansion valve I (2), a refrigerant outlet of the expansion valve I (2) is communicated with a refrigerant inlet of the evaporator (1), a cooling liquid inlet of the heat exchanger (13) is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe outside the hole, and a cooling liquid outlet of the heat exchanger (13) is communicated with the liquid discharge pipe outside the hole.
2. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation cooling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the evaporator (1) is a finned evaporator (1).
3. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the evaporator (1) and the expansion valve I (2) are provided with four groups which are matched with each other.
4. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation cooling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compressor (6) is a screw compressor.
5. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation cooling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat exchanger (13) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
6. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation and refrigeration system as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein: two groups of heat exchangers (13) are arranged.
7. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation cooling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pipeline of the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger (13) is divided into an evaporation pipeline and a cooling pipeline, the evaporation pipeline is communicated with an expansion valve I (2), the cooling pipeline is communicated with a screw cooling pipe, an expansion valve II (9) is arranged on the screw cooling pipe, the screw cooling pipe is communicated with a screw of the compressor (6), and a temperature probe (8) matched with the expansion valve II (9) is arranged at the exhaust position of the compressor (6).
8. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation cooling system of claim 7, wherein: the expansion valve II (9) is of an inner balance type.
9. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation cooling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pipeline of the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger (13) is divided into an evaporation pipeline and a cooling pipeline, the evaporation pipeline is communicated with an expansion valve I (2), the cooling pipeline is communicated with a motor cooling pipe, an expansion valve III (10) is arranged on the motor cooling pipe, the motor cooling pipe is communicated with a motor of the compressor (6), and a temperature probe (8) matched with the expansion valve III (10) is arranged at the exhaust position of the compressor (6).
10. The tunnel high-efficiency ventilation cooling system of claim 9, wherein: the expansion valve III (10) is of an external balance type, and a pipeline of a refrigerant outlet of the compressor (6) is communicated with the expansion valve III (10) through a capillary tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010505186.1A CN112554934B (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | High-efficient ventilation refrigerating system in tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010505186.1A CN112554934B (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | High-efficient ventilation refrigerating system in tunnel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112554934A true CN112554934A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CN112554934B CN112554934B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010505186.1A Active CN112554934B (en) | 2020-06-05 | 2020-06-05 | High-efficient ventilation refrigerating system in tunnel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114109467A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-01 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Tunnel construction comprehensive ventilation system and control method |
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| CN114109467A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-01 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Tunnel construction comprehensive ventilation system and control method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112554934B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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