CN112551821A - Resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for farming wastewater of basha fish pond - Google Patents
Resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for farming wastewater of basha fish pond Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The invention provides a resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for basha fish pond culture wastewater, which comprises the following steps: 1) discharging the farming wastewater of the basha fish into a wastewater sedimentation tank; 2) converting the waste solids into fertilizer for crop planting; 3) the wastewater precipitated in the water collecting tank enters a sewage discharge channel, and is pumped into an aquatic organism comprehensive pond through a water pump in the sewage discharge channel, so that aquatic plants and aquatic animals are cultured in the pond and microalgae are naturally cultured; 4) the waste water utilized by the aquatic organism comprehensive pond flows into a fish polyculture pond, and silver carp, crucian carp, bighead carp and tilapia are cultured in the pond; 5) the waste water utilized by the fish mixing pond flows into the aquatic vegetable planting pond, and lotus roots and water shield are planted in the pond; the inspection and detection of the waste water utilized by the aquatic vegetable planting pond meet the discharge standard of aquaculture waste water in Hainan province, and the method reasonably and tightly combines aquaculture and vegetable planting, so that the farming waste water of the Pacific carps is recycled and comprehensively utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of freshwater aquaculture wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the aquaculture wastewater of a basha fish pond.
Background
Bass salsa (Pangasius bocourti Sauvage), the name of English Basa, belonging to the order Parasilurus in the classification, Parasilurus meridionalis and Parasilurus meridionalis. The Pacific saury is a special high-quality economic fish in the Mei Gong river basin of Vietnam and is a variety with the largest export quantity in Vietnam aquatic products. The barbeque fish has the advantages of white and tender meat, delicious taste, rich nutrition, no small thorns between muscles and the like, and has the characteristics of quick growth, large individual, high yield, wide eating habits, hypoxia tolerance, easy feeding and the like. In recent years, the market demand of the basha fish is continuously increased, and the artificial breeding of the basha fish is gradually increased. However, with the increase of the breeding scale of the basha fish, the pollution of the basha fish breeding wastewater becomes a problem which needs to be solved. Therefore, the development of a comprehensive resource utilization technical method suitable for the breeding wastewater of the basha fish has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the culture wastewater of the basha fish pond, and solves the above problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the breeding wastewater of a basha fish pond comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste water cultured in the barnyard fish pond into a waste water sedimentation tank, enabling the waste water to stay in the sedimentation tank for 7-8 hours, and separating waste solid from the waste water through light-proof anaerobic fermentation for 7 days; the waste solid is positioned at the lower layer, and the waste water is positioned at the upper layer;
s2, preparing the waste solids into fertilizers for planting plants, wherein the plants are coconut trees and betelnut trees, and the separated wastewater enters a water collecting tank for precipitation;
s3, feeding the wastewater precipitated by the water collecting tank into a sewage draining channel, and pumping the wastewater into the aquatic organism comprehensive pond through a water pump in the sewage draining channel; the aquatic organism comprehensive pond is divided into 4 parallel areas, aquatic animals and plants are planted and cultured in the aquatic organism comprehensive pond, the aquatic plants comprise large-scale aquatic plants such as water hyacinth, water peanuts and the like, the aquatic animals comprise procambarus clarkia larvae and loach larvae, and partial microalgae are cultured;
preferably, the coverage area of the aquatic plants (water hyacinth and water peanuts) is 45% of the area of the aquatic biological pond, and the cultivation density of the aquatic animal Procambrus clarkii fries is 35-45/m2The culture density of the loach larvae is 45-55 loach/m2The microalgae takes chlorella, scenedesmus and spirulina as dominant species, the cultivation density is 30%, in the step, the aquatic plants absorb nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts of the wastewater in the biological pond, and the aquatic animals of procambarus clarkia and loach are used for ingesting granular organic matters in the wastewater and/or partial algae so as to purify the water body and reduce the nutrient salts;
s4, feeding the waste water utilized by the aquatic organism pond into a fish polyculture pond, and culturing 4 kinds of fishes such as silver carps, crucian carps, bighead carps, tilapia and the like in the fish polyculture pond; the culture densities of the silver carp, the crucian carp, the bighead carp and the tilapia are respectively as follows: 200-250 silver carps per mu, 100-120 crucians per mu, 80-100 bighead carps per mu and 100-150 tilapia per mu;
s5, making the waste water utilized by the fish polyculture pond flow into the aquatic vegetable planting pond; planting water shield and lotus root in the aquatic vegetable planting pond; in the aquatic vegetable planting pond, the planting density of the lotus roots is 2.5 meters in row spacing and 50cm in plant spacing; in the aquatic vegetable planting pond, the planting density of the water shield is 60cm in row spacing and 50cm in plant spacing; in the step, the vegetables and the lotus roots are used for self growth by absorbing nutrient components of the metabolic wastewater, and can reduce nutrient salts in the water body and purify the water body; the water body utilized by the aquatic vegetable planting pond is discharged through the discharge channel and the water quality detection is carried out before the discharge of the waste water, thus meeting the discharge standard of the waste water for aquaculture in Hainan province.
Furthermore, 3 parallel partition plates are arranged in the sedimentation tank, so that the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank is divided into 4 sedimentation areas which are mutually parallel and have the same volume;
further, the bottoms of the adjacent settling zones are mutually isolated, the tops of the adjacent settling zones are communicated, and a cover plate is arranged at the top of the settling tank;
furthermore, the first settling zone is provided with a wastewater inlet pipe, breeding wastewater enters the first settling zone through the wastewater inlet pipe, the last (fourth) settling zone is provided with a wastewater outlet pipe, and wastewater in the last (fourth) settling zone enters the water collecting tank through the wastewater outlet pipe;
furthermore, a drainage weir which can only flow out in one direction is arranged between the aquatic organism comprehensive pond and the fish polyculture pond; so that the waste water utilized by the aquatic organism comprehensive pond can only flow to the fish polyculture pond;
in the method, a drainage weir which can only flow out in one direction is also arranged between the fish polyculture pond and the aquatic vegetable planting pond, so that the waste water utilized by the fish polyculture pond can only flow to the aquatic vegetable planting pond;
in the method, a drainage weir which can only flow out in one direction is also arranged between the aquatic vegetable planting pond and the tail water discharge channel;
furthermore, the aquatic organism comprehensive pond consists of 4 sub-ponds which are mutually connected in series, a drainage channel which can only flow in one direction is arranged between the sub-ponds, wastewater enters the first aquatic organism sub-pond through a sewage pump, and the wastewater treated by the last aquatic organism sub-pond flows into the fish polyculture pond;
furthermore, each aquatic organism is divided into ponds to plant aquatic plants and culture aquatic animals, the coverage area of the aquatic plants is 45%, the coverage area of microalgae (chlorella, scenedesmus and spirulina) is 30%, the aquatic animals are procambarus clarkia and loaches, and the breeding density of the procambarus clarkia seedlings is 35-45/m2The loach larva breeding density is 45-55 loach/m2The aquatic plants in the aquatic biological pond are water hyacinth or water peanuts, and a small amount of aquatic plants in the fish mixing pond are also water hyacinth or water peanuts;
further, the wastewater utilized by the fish polyculture pond flows into an aquatic vegetable planting pond, the fish culture pond is used for culturing silver carps, crucian carps, bighead carps and tilapia, the silver carp culture density is 200-250 fish/mu, the crucian carp culture density is 100-120 fish/mu, the bighead carp culture density is 80-100 fish/mu, and the tilapia culture density is 100-150 fish/mu; in the aquatic vegetable planting pond, lotus roots and water shield plants are planted in the pond, the planting density of the lotus roots is 1-3 m in row spacing and 0.5-1.6 m in plant spacing, and the planting density of the water shield plants is 50-70 cm in row spacing and 40-60 cm in plant spacing;
further, the hydraulic retention time of the aquaculture wastewater in the sedimentation tank is 7-8 hours, and the time for anaerobic fermentation is 7 days; the retention time of the wastewater in the aquatic organism comprehensive pond is 7-10 days, the retention time of the wastewater in the fish polyculture pond is 1 week, the retention time of the wastewater in the aquatic vegetable planting pond is 7-8 days, and the water quality of the finally discharged wastewater is detected before discharge.
In the invention, after the basha fish culture wastewater is precipitated in the sedimentation tank, the basha fish culture wastewater is sequentially discharged in the water collecting tank, the aquatic organism pond, the fish polyculture pond, the aquatic vegetable planting pond and the tail water discharge channel, and sequentially flows in one direction before each other.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the breeding wastewater of the basha fish. The method can scientifically and reasonably combine the breeding industry of the basha fish and the aquatic organism planting industry to form a virtuous circle mode capable of fully utilizing the nutrient content of the water body, not only reduces the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salt in the basha fish breeding wastewater, but also brings considerable economic benefit through intensive production, and has positive environmental benefit and economic benefit in protecting the development of the green, healthy and sustainable breeding industry of the basha fish.
(1) The method is simple in operation and management, is very suitable for treatment of the breeding sewage of the basha fish in tropical rural areas in China, is a very practical technology, and is suitable for developing training for farmers and fishermen;
(2) the invention has lower operation cost, less investment and low energy consumption, meets the requirement of the current country on the management of the breeding environment, and is easy to popularize and copy;
(3) after the treatment, the total phosphorus content of the wastewater for the farming of the Pacific carps can be reduced by 80%, the total nitrogen content can be reduced by 85%, and the COD concentration can be reduced by 93%, so that the wastewater discharged by the farming of the Pacific carps can meet the discharge standard of the wastewater for the farming of the Hainan province, and good economic benefits can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the resource utilization method of the farming wastewater of Pacific carps of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus used in this figure (FIG. 2-1: sedimentation tank, FIG. 2-2 catch basin)
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the equipment and the area of the method for recycling the farming wastewater of the Barbarefish of the present invention
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
Example 1
A resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the farming wastewater of the Pacific carps sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste water cultured in the barnyard fish pond into a waste water sedimentation tank I, and performing anaerobic fermentation on the waste water sedimentation tank I for 7 hours to separate waste solid from the waste water; the time for anaerobic fermentation is 7 days; the lower layer is the waste solid material level, and the upper layer is the waste water level; every 666 square meters of culture ponds are matched with 1 sedimentation pond, the specification of the sedimentation pond I is 2m in length, 1.8m in width and 2m in depth; 3 parallel partition plates are arranged in the sedimentation tank I, and the inner part of the sedimentation tank is divided into 4 sedimentation areas which are mutually parallel and have the same volume by adopting a 4-grid overflow design; the bottoms of the adjacent settling zones are mutually isolated, the tops of the adjacent settling zones are communicated, and a cover plate is arranged at the top of the settling tank; the cover plate can ensure that 4 sedimentation areas are subjected to light-resistant anaerobic fermentation; the cover plate is a square with the thickness of 5cm, and is provided with a dirt taking port for digging out precipitated waste solidified substances below the sedimentation tank; a small amount of green plants can be planted on the cover plate properly.
S2, in the sedimentation tank I, a first sedimentation region is provided with a waste water inlet pipe, the aquaculture waste water enters the first sedimentation region through the waste water inlet pipe, the last (fourth) sedimentation region is provided with a waste water outlet pipe, and the waste water in the last (fourth) sedimentation region enters a water collecting tank through the waste water outlet pipe; cleaning the sedimentation tank once every 2 weeks, taking out the waste solids from the upper part of the cover plate, and naturally drying the waste solids to be used for planting the areca-nut trees and the coconut trees;
s3, enabling the wastewater precipitated in the precipitation tank to flow into a water collecting tank II which is provided with a water pump; the water pump is automatically set, when the wastewater in the water collecting tank reaches the highest water level of the water collecting tank almost, the water pump is automatically started when the water level is increased, and the water pump pumps the wastewater into the aquatic organism pond; the aquatic organism comprehensive pond IV consists of 4 sub-ponds which are mutually connected in series, a drainage channel III which can only flow in one direction is arranged between the sub-ponds, and a drainage weir III which can only flow out in one direction is arranged between the aquatic organism pond IV and the fish mixed culture pond IV; the wastewater enters a first aquatic organism pond through a wastewater pump, and the wastewater treated by the last aquatic organism pond flows into a silver carp and crucian carp mixed culture pond;
the length of the aquatic organism pond is 8m, the width of the aquatic organism pond is 2.5m, the depth of the aquatic organism pond is 1.2m, and the set depth of the water is 1m, namely after the height of the wastewater in the aquatic organism pond exceeds 1m, the wastewater flows out of the aquatic organism pond;
planting aquatic plants in the aquatic organism pond, wherein the coverage area of the aquatic plants (water hyacinth and water peanuts) is 45%; harvesting the aquatic plants beyond this ratio; nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts and other nutrient components in the wastewater are absorbed through the growth of the water hyacinth and the water peanuts, so that the aim of improving the water quality to a certain extent is fulfilled;
aquatic animals are cultured in an aquatic pond. The aquatic animals are Procambarus clarkii and loach, and the breeding density of the Procambarus clarkii is 35 per m2The culture density of the loach larvae is 45 loach/m2. The young seedlings put in the nursery are required to be strong in physique and uniform in specification, and the young seedlings are put in the nursery at one time. The length of the procambarus clarkii fry is 2-3 cm, and the size of the loach is 2 cm;
bait is not thrown into the procambarus clarkii and the loaches, and the procambarus clarkii and the loaches eat algae, zooplankton and live solid organic matter particles in the aquatic organism pond;
in the aquatic organism pond IV, the specification and the density of the procambarus clarkii and the loaches are properly controlled; when the length of the monomer of the procambarus clarkii is over 12cm, the procambarus clarkii is harvested; when the length of the loach monomer exceeds more than 15cm, collecting the loaches by using a ground cage;
because the purpose of culturing the procambarus clarkii and the loaches is to purify water quality, and the procambarus clarkii and the loaches can be naturally propagated in the aquatic pond every year, the procambarus clarkii and the loaches do not need to be newly supplemented with seedlings in the aquatic pond after being captured;
s4, cultivating fish in the fish polyculture pond for purifying waste water; culturing silver carp, crucian carp, bighead carp and tilapia in the fish mixed culture pond. The chub and crucian carp breeding densities are respectively as follows: the silver carp breeding density is 200 fish/mu, the crucian carp breeding density is 100 fish/mu, the bighead carp breeding density is 80 fish/mu, and the tilapia breeding density is 100 fish/mu;
the water in the aquatic organism pond IV naturally overflows and flows into the fish polyculture pond V. The fish polyculture pond is divided into 2 sub-ponds, the area of each sub-pond is 5 mu, the depth of each sub-pond is 1.5m, and when the water body in each pond exceeds 1.4m, water can naturally overflow to the aquatic vegetable planting pond;
s5, planting aquatic vegetables in the pond (IV), wherein the length of the pond is 20 meters, the width of the pond is 15 meters, and the water depth is kept to be 0.7 m; when the water depth of the aquatic vegetable planting pond is more than a set value of 0.5m, the wastewater overflows; in an aquatic vegetable planting pond, lotus roots and water shield are planted in the aquatic vegetable planting pond, the planting density of the lotus roots is 1 meter in row spacing and 0.5m in plant spacing, the planting density of the water shield is 50cm in row spacing and 40cm in plant spacing, and the lotus roots and the water shield are planted in spring; because the lotus root and the water shield take nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances in the wastewater as nutrients, no additional fertilization is needed; lotus roots and water shield are generally harvested at the end of autumn and in the beginning of winter, so that the rotting of the dead plants is avoided to pollute the water body;
according to the growth condition of lotus roots, partial underground stem lotus roots can be appropriately reseeded and harvested in late autumn and early winter, and reseeded in spring of the next year, and the line spacing and the plant spacing are the same as those of the previous lotus roots.
Example 2
A resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the farming wastewater of the Pacific carps sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste water cultured in the barnyard fish pond into a waste water sedimentation tank I, and performing anaerobic fermentation on the waste water sedimentation tank I for 8 hours to separate waste solid from the waste water; the time for anaerobic fermentation is 7 days; the lower layer is the waste solid material level, and the upper layer is the waste water level; every 666 square meters of culture ponds are matched with 1 sedimentation pond, the specification of the sedimentation pond I is 2m in length, 1.8m in width and 2m in depth; 3 parallel partition plates are arranged in the sedimentation tank I, and the inner part of the sedimentation tank is divided into 4 sedimentation areas which are mutually parallel and have the same volume by adopting a 4-grid overflow design; the bottoms of the adjacent settling zones are mutually isolated, the tops of the adjacent settling zones are communicated, and a cover plate is arranged at the top of the settling tank; the cover plate can ensure that 4 sedimentation areas are subjected to light-resistant anaerobic fermentation; the cover plate is a square with the thickness of 5cm, and is provided with a dirt taking port for digging out precipitated waste solidified substances below the sedimentation tank; a small amount of green plants can be planted on the cover plate properly.
S2, in the sedimentation tank I, a first sedimentation region is provided with a waste water inlet pipe, the aquaculture waste water enters the first sedimentation region through the waste water inlet pipe, the last (fourth) sedimentation region is provided with a waste water outlet pipe, and the waste water in the last (fourth) sedimentation region enters a water collecting tank through the waste water outlet pipe; cleaning the sedimentation tank once every 2 weeks, taking out the waste solids from the upper part of the cover plate, and naturally drying the waste solids to be used for planting the areca-nut trees and the coconut trees;
s3, enabling the wastewater precipitated in the precipitation tank to flow into a water collecting tank II which is provided with a water pump; the water pump is automatically set, when the wastewater in the water collecting tank reaches the highest water level of the water collecting tank almost, the water pump is automatically started when the water level is increased, and the water pump pumps the wastewater into the aquatic organism pond; the aquatic organism comprehensive pond IV consists of 4 sub-ponds which are mutually connected in series, a drainage channel III which can only flow in one direction is arranged between the sub-ponds, and a drainage weir III which can only flow out in one direction is arranged between the aquatic organism pond IV and the fish mixed culture pond IV; the wastewater enters a first aquatic organism pond through a wastewater pump, and the wastewater treated by the last aquatic organism pond flows into a silver carp and crucian carp mixed culture pond;
the length of the aquatic organism pond is 8m, the width of the aquatic organism pond is 2.5m, the depth of the aquatic organism pond is 1.2m, and the set depth of the water is 1m, namely after the height of the wastewater in the aquatic organism pond exceeds 1m, the wastewater flows out of the aquatic organism pond;
planting aquatic plants in the aquatic organism pond, wherein the coverage area of the aquatic plants (water hyacinth and water peanuts) is 45%; harvesting the aquatic plants beyond this ratio; nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts and other nutrient components in the wastewater are absorbed through the growth of the water hyacinth and the water peanuts, so that the aim of improving the water quality to a certain extent is fulfilled;
aquatic animals are cultured in an aquatic pond. The aquatic animals are Procambarus clarkii and loach, and the breeding density of the Procambarus clarkii is 45 per m2The loach larva breeding density is 55 loach/m2. The young seedlings put in the nursery are required to be strong in physique and uniform in specification, and the young seedlings are put in the nursery at one time. The length of the procambarus clarkii fry is 3cm, and the size of the loach is 4 cm;
bait is not thrown into the procambarus clarkii and the loaches, and the procambarus clarkii and the loaches eat algae, zooplankton and live solid organic matter particles in the aquatic organism pond;
in the aquatic organism pond IV, the specification and the density of the procambarus clarkii and the loaches are properly controlled; when the length of the monomer of the procambarus clarkii is over 12cm, the procambarus clarkii is harvested; when the length of the loach monomer exceeds more than 15cm, collecting the loaches by using a ground cage;
because the purpose of culturing the procambarus clarkii and the loaches is to purify water quality, and the procambarus clarkii and the loaches can be naturally propagated in the aquatic pond every year, the procambarus clarkii and the loaches do not need to be newly supplemented with seedlings in the aquatic pond after being captured;
s4, cultivating fish in the fish polyculture pond for purifying waste water; culturing silver carp, crucian carp, bighead carp and tilapia in the fish mixed culture pond. The chub and crucian carp breeding densities are respectively as follows: the silver carp breeding density is 250 fish/mu, the crucian carp breeding density is 120 fish/mu, the bighead carp breeding density is 100 fish/mu, and the tilapia breeding density is 150 fish/mu;
the water in the aquatic organism pond IV naturally overflows and flows into the fish polyculture pond V. The fish polyculture pond is divided into 2 sub-ponds, the area of each sub-pond is 5 mu, the depth of each sub-pond is 1.5m, and when the water body in each pond exceeds 1.4m, water can naturally overflow to the aquatic vegetable planting pond;
s5, planting aquatic vegetables in the pond (IV), wherein the length of the pond is 20 meters, the width of the pond is 15 meters, and the water depth is kept to be 0.7 m; when the water depth of the aquatic vegetable planting pond is more than a set value of 0.5m, the wastewater overflows; in an aquatic vegetable planting pond, lotus roots and water shield are planted in the aquatic vegetable planting pond, the planting density of the lotus roots is 3 m in row spacing and 1.6m in plant spacing, the planting density of the water shield is 70cm in row spacing and 60cm in plant spacing, and the lotus roots and the water shield are planted in spring; because the lotus root and the water shield take nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances in the wastewater as nutrients, no additional fertilization is needed; lotus roots and water shield are generally harvested at the end of autumn and in the beginning of winter, so that the rotting of the dead plants is avoided to pollute the water body;
according to the growth condition of lotus roots, partial underground stem lotus roots can be appropriately reseeded and harvested in late autumn and early winter, and reseeded in spring of the next year, and the line spacing and the plant spacing are the same as those of the previous lotus roots.
Example 3
A resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the farming wastewater of the Pacific carps sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste water cultured in the barnyard fish pond into a waste water sedimentation tank I, and performing anaerobic fermentation on the waste water sedimentation tank I for 7 hours to separate waste solid from the waste water; the time for anaerobic fermentation is 7 days; the lower layer is the waste solid material level, and the upper layer is the waste water level; every 666 square meters of culture ponds are matched with 1 sedimentation pond, the specification of the sedimentation pond I is 2m in length, 1.8m in width and 2m in depth; 3 parallel partition plates are arranged in the sedimentation tank I, and the inner part of the sedimentation tank is divided into 4 sedimentation areas which are mutually parallel and have the same volume by adopting a 4-grid overflow design; the bottoms of the adjacent settling zones are mutually isolated, the tops of the adjacent settling zones are communicated, and a cover plate is arranged at the top of the settling tank; the cover plate can ensure that 4 sedimentation areas are subjected to light-resistant anaerobic fermentation; the cover plate is a square with the thickness of 5cm, and is provided with a dirt taking port for digging out precipitated waste solidified substances below the sedimentation tank; a small amount of green plants can be planted on the cover plate properly.
S2, in the sedimentation tank I, a first sedimentation region is provided with a waste water inlet pipe, the aquaculture waste water enters the first sedimentation region through the waste water inlet pipe, the last (fourth) sedimentation region is provided with a waste water outlet pipe, and the waste water in the last (fourth) sedimentation region enters a water collecting tank through the waste water outlet pipe; cleaning the sedimentation tank once every 2 weeks, taking out the waste solids from the upper part of the cover plate, and naturally drying the waste solids to be used for planting the areca-nut trees and the coconut trees;
s3, enabling the wastewater precipitated in the precipitation tank to flow into a water collecting tank II which is provided with a water pump; the water pump is automatically set, when the wastewater in the water collecting tank reaches the highest water level of the water collecting tank almost, the water pump is automatically started when the water level is increased, and the water pump pumps the wastewater into the aquatic organism pond; the aquatic organism comprehensive pond IV consists of 4 sub-ponds which are mutually connected in series, a drainage channel III which can only flow in one direction is arranged between the sub-ponds, and a drainage weir III which can only flow out in one direction is arranged between the aquatic organism pond IV and the fish mixed culture pond IV; the wastewater enters a first aquatic organism pond through a wastewater pump, and the wastewater treated by the last aquatic organism pond flows into a silver carp and crucian carp mixed culture pond;
the length of the aquatic organism pond is 8m, the width of the aquatic organism pond is 2.5m, the depth of the aquatic organism pond is 1.2m, and the set depth of the water is 1m, namely after the height of the wastewater in the aquatic organism pond exceeds 1m, the wastewater flows out of the aquatic organism pond;
planting aquatic plants in the aquatic organism pond, wherein the coverage area of the aquatic plants (water hyacinth and water peanuts) is 45%; harvesting the aquatic plants beyond this ratio; nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts and other nutrient components in the wastewater are absorbed through the growth of the water hyacinth and the water peanuts, so that the aim of improving the water quality to a certain extent is fulfilled;
aquatic animals are cultured in an aquatic pond. The aquatic animals are Procambarus clarkii and loach, and the breeding density of the Procambarus clarkii is 40 pieces/m2The loach larva breeding density is 50 loach/m2. The young seedlings put in the nursery are required to be strong in physique and uniform in specification, and the young seedlings are put in the nursery at one time. The procambarus clarkii fry is 3cm in length and the loach is 3cm in specification;
bait is not thrown into the procambarus clarkii and the loaches, and the procambarus clarkii and the loaches eat algae, zooplankton and live solid organic matter particles in the aquatic organism pond;
in the aquatic organism pond IV, the specification and the density of the procambarus clarkii and the loaches are properly controlled; when the length of the monomer of the procambarus clarkii is over 12cm, the procambarus clarkii is harvested; when the length of the loach monomer exceeds more than 15cm, collecting the loaches by using a ground cage;
because the purpose of culturing the procambarus clarkii and the loaches is to purify water quality, and the procambarus clarkii and the loaches can be naturally propagated in the aquatic pond every year, the procambarus clarkii and the loaches do not need to be newly supplemented with seedlings in the aquatic pond after being captured;
s4, cultivating fish in the fish polyculture pond for purifying waste water; culturing silver carp, crucian carp, bighead carp and tilapia in the fish mixed culture pond. The chub and crucian carp breeding densities are respectively as follows: the silver carp breeding density is 200-250 fish/mu, the crucian carp breeding density is 110 fish/mu, the bighead carp breeding density is 90 fish/mu, and the tilapia breeding density is 130 fish/mu;
the water in the aquatic organism pond IV naturally overflows and flows into the fish polyculture pond V. The fish polyculture pond is divided into 2 sub-ponds, the area of each sub-pond is 5 mu, the depth of each sub-pond is 1.5m, and when the water body in each pond exceeds 1.4m, water can naturally overflow to the aquatic vegetable planting pond;
s5, planting aquatic vegetables in the pond (IV), wherein the length of the pond is 20 meters, the width of the pond is 15 meters, and the water depth is kept to be 0.7 m; when the water depth of the aquatic vegetable planting pond is more than a set value of 0.5m, the wastewater overflows; in an aquatic vegetable planting pond, lotus roots and water shield plants in the aquatic vegetable planting pond, wherein the planting density of the lotus roots is 2 meters in row spacing and 1m in plant spacing, the planting density of the water shield is 60cm in row spacing and 50cm in plant spacing, and the lotus roots and the water shield plants in spring; because the lotus root and the water shield take nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances in the wastewater as nutrients, no additional fertilization is needed; lotus roots and water shield are generally harvested at the end of autumn and in the beginning of winter, so that the rotting of the dead plants is avoided to pollute the water body;
according to the growth condition of lotus roots, partial underground stem lotus roots can be appropriately reseeded and harvested in late autumn and early winter, and reseeded in spring of the next year, and the line spacing and the plant spacing are the same as those of the previous lotus roots.
First, verification experiment
The method for recycling and comprehensively utilizing the farming wastewater of the basha fish pond of the embodiments 1 to 3 detects the wastewater, and the detection data is as follows:
(1) the detection method comprises the following steps:
total phosphorus: measuring by ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry according to national standard GB/11893-89 of the people's republic of China;
total nitrogen: according to the national standard GB/11894-89 of the people's republic of China, the alkaline potassium persulfate is used for digesting and measuring by an ultraviolet spectrophotometry;
COD: and the environmental industry standard HJ/T399-2007 is measured by a potassium dichromate spectrophotometry.
(2) Calculating the formula:
total phosphorus content reduction (original total phosphorus content-total phosphorus content of wastewater of the invention)/total phosphorus content of wastewater of the invention 100
Total nitrogen content reduction (original total nitrogen content-total nitrogen content of wastewater of the invention)/total nitrogen content of wastewater of the invention 100
COD concentration reduction (original COD concentration content-COD concentration content of waste water of the invention)/COD concentration content of waste water of the invention 100
(3) The test results are given in the following table:
| the total phosphorus content is reduced by percent | Total nitrogen content reduction% | Reduction of COD concentration% | |
| Example 1 | 80 | 83 | 92 |
| Example 2 | 79 | 82 | 93 |
| Example 3 | 80 | 85 | 93 |
After the treatment, the total phosphorus content of the wastewater for the farming of the Pacific carps can be reduced by 80%, the total nitrogen content can be reduced by 85%, and the COD concentration can be reduced by 93%, so that the wastewater discharged by the farming of the Pacific carps can meet the discharge standard of the wastewater for the farming of the Hainan province, and good economic benefits can be realized.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A resource comprehensive utilization method suitable for the breeding wastewater of a basha fish pond is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging the waste water cultured in the barnyard fish pond into a waste water sedimentation tank, and separating waste solid from the waste water in the sedimentation tank through anaerobic fermentation, wherein the waste solid is positioned at the lower layer, and the waste water is positioned at the upper layer;
s2, preparing the separated waste solid into fertilizer for plant planting, and putting the separated waste water into a water collecting tank for precipitation;
s3, feeding the wastewater precipitated by the water collecting tank into a sewage discharging channel, pumping the wastewater into an aquatic organism comprehensive pond through a water pump in the sewage discharging channel, planting aquatic plants in the aquatic organism comprehensive pond, and putting in cultured aquatic animals and cultured microalgae;
s4, enabling the waste water after being utilized by the aquatic organism comprehensive pond to flow into a fish mixed culture pond, wherein silver carps, crucian carps, bighead carps and tilapia mossambica are in the fish mixed culture pond;
s5, enabling the wastewater utilized by the fish polyculture pond to flow into the aquatic vegetable planting pond, planting lotus roots and water shield in the pond, enabling the wastewater passing through the aquatic vegetable planting pond to flow into a discharge channel, and enabling the discharge standard to be in accordance with discharge standard of aquaculture wastewater in Hainan province.
2. The resource comprehensive utilization method of the farming wastewater in the basha pond as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: 3 parallel partition plates are arranged in the sedimentation tank, so that the inner cavity of the sedimentation tank is divided into 4 sedimentation areas which are mutually parallel and have the same volume; the bottoms of the adjacent settling zones are mutually isolated, the tops of the adjacent settling zones are communicated, and a cover plate is arranged at the top of the settling tank; the first settling zone is provided with a waste water inlet pipe, the aquaculture waste water enters the first settling zone through the waste water inlet pipe, the fourth settling zone is provided with a waste water outlet pipe, and the waste water in the fourth settling zone enters the water collecting tank through the waste water outlet pipe.
3. The resource comprehensive utilization method of the farming wastewater in the basha pond as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the device is characterized in that a unidirectional outflow drainage weir is arranged between the aquatic organism comprehensive pond and the fish polyculture pond, a unidirectional outflow drainage weir is arranged between the fish polyculture pond and the aquatic vegetable planting pond, and a unidirectional outflow drainage weir is arranged between the aquatic vegetable planting pond and the tail water discharge channel.
4. The resource comprehensive utilization method of the farming wastewater in the basha pond as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the aquatic organism comprehensive pond consists of 4 sub-ponds which are connected in series, a drainage channel for unidirectional flow of wastewater is arranged between the sub-ponds, the wastewater enters the first aquatic organism sub-pond through a sewage pump, and the wastewater treated by the last aquatic organism sub-pond flows into the fish polyculture pond; planting aquatic plants and breeding aquatic animals in each aquatic organism pond, wherein the coverage area of the aquatic plants is 45%, the coverage area of the microalgae is 30%, the aquatic animals are Procambrus clarkii and loaches, the breeding density of the Procambrus clarkii seedlings is 35-45/m2The density of the loach culture larvae is 45-55 loach/m2。
5. The resource comprehensive utilization method of the farming wastewater in the basha pond as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: enabling the wastewater utilized by the fish polyculture pond to flow into an aquatic vegetable planting pond, and breeding silver carps, crucian carps, bighead carps and tilapia in the fish breeding pond; the silver carp breeding density is 200-250 fish/mu, the crucian carp breeding density is 100-120 fish/mu, the bighead carp breeding density is 80-100 fish/mu, and the tilapia breeding density is 100-150 fish/mu; in the aquatic vegetable planting pond, lotus roots and water shield plants are planted in the pond, the planting density of the lotus roots is 1-3 m in row spacing and 0.5-1.6 m in plant spacing, and the planting density of the water shield plants is 50-70 cm in row spacing and 40-60 cm in plant spacing.
6. The resource comprehensive utilization method of the farming wastewater in the basha pond as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic retention time of the culture wastewater in the sedimentation tank is 7-8 hours, and the time for anaerobic fermentation is 7 days; the retention time of the wastewater in the aquatic organism comprehensive pond is 7-10 days, the retention time of the wastewater in the fish polyculture pond is 1 week, the retention time of the wastewater in the aquatic vegetable planting pond is 7-8 days, and the water quality of the finally discharged wastewater is detected before discharge.
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| CN102381807A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-03-21 | 浙江大学 | Method for resource utilizing isothermal industrial chelonian culture waste water |
| CN102745817A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-10-24 | 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 | High-efficiency compound biological pond and sewage treatment method |
| CN105941289A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Highly-efficient low-polluted greenhouse soft-shelled turtle cultivation system and recycling method of cultivation waste water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102381807A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2012-03-21 | 浙江大学 | Method for resource utilizing isothermal industrial chelonian culture waste water |
| CN102745817A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-10-24 | 深圳市深港产学研环保工程技术股份有限公司 | High-efficiency compound biological pond and sewage treatment method |
| CN105941289A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Highly-efficient low-polluted greenhouse soft-shelled turtle cultivation system and recycling method of cultivation waste water |
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