CN113115740B - Funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation culture system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation culture system. The system forms a first circulation system through a funnel-shaped fish pond, a fish excrement separation device, an aquatic plant absorption pond, and an ecological purification pond. Multi-stage purification and recycling. The swirl booster in the funnel-shaped fish pond speeds up the accumulation of feces and residual bait on the conical side of the fish pond toward the bottom central sewage outlet; , The ecological purification tank performs multi-level utilization and purification of the tail water after the separation of fish manure to realize resource recycling. The fish manure collected in the sedimentation tank in the ecological ditch is fermented through the fish manure fermentation channel to form a form that can be directly used for economic crops. fertilizer; the invention realizes zero discharge of aquaculture tail water, has the advantages of energy saving, land saving, water saving, high efficiency, high quality, environmental protection, etc., solves the disadvantages of traditional pond fish farming, and is currently a green and healthy aquaculture worthy of vigorous promotion model.

Description

Funnel-shaped pond ecological cycle culture system and method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fish breeding equipment, in particular to a funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation breeding system and method.

Background technique

In intensive ponds, only about 1/3 of the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients input in the form of bait are assimilated and absorbed by aquatic animals, and most of the remaining nutrients remain in the aquaculture water body and bottom mud in the form of residual bait and fish and shrimp excrement. The deterioration of water quality has affected the growth of fish and shrimp, and the discharge of tail water from aquaculture has also aggravated the pollution of the surrounding water environment.

With the continuous improvement of the degree of intensification, eutrophication of the aquaculture water, the outbreak of blue-green algae, the frequent occurrence of fish diseases, and the large amount of drugs used by farmers have caused hidden dangers to the quality and safety of aquatic products. Therefore, removing nitrogen and phosphorus in intensive ponds in time to reduce the pressure of harmful substances in aquaculture water can effectively improve the aquaculture environment, benefit the healthy growth of aquaculture animals, improve feed conversion efficiency, reduce aquaculture chemicals, and ensure the quality and safety of aquatic products.

At present, the main methods of timely removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture ponds include fish and vegetable symbiosis mode, pond circulating water mode, pond runway fish mode, land-based push water container culture mode, etc. Due to the disadvantages of high energy consumption and high overall cost of breeding, large-scale promotion is limited; therefore, it is necessary to explore new pond structures that are suitable for promotion and can remove nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture ponds in a timely manner.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation culture system and method.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation culture system, characterized in that: the culture system includes a funnel-shaped fish pond arranged in the soil foundation, a fish excrement separation device arranged on one side of the funnel-shaped fish pond, and a greenhouse ecological Ditches, lotus ponds, rice fields, aquatic plant absorption ponds, ecological purification ponds;

There is a shaft between the fish dung separation device and the funnel-shaped fish pond. The fish dung separation device includes a cylindrical separation tank with a conical bottom, an isolation sleeve vertically placed in the middle of the cylindrical separation tank, and a The mixing nozzle inside, the middle of the upper port of the cylindrical separation tank is provided with a cofferdam, the outer side of the saw-toothed water outlet weir is provided with an annular clear water tank, the upper end of the isolation sleeve is higher than the saw-toothed water outlet weir, and the lower end is located above the conical bottom. The lower end of the mixing nozzle protrudes from the isolation sleeve and communicates with the vertical shaft through a horizontal pipe. A sewage pipe A is provided between the vertical shaft and the bottom of the funnel-shaped fish pond. The upper port of the mixing nozzle is lower than the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond and the height The difference is set to h1;

The ring clear water tank of the fish manure separation device is provided with a clear water pipe and extends downwards into the aquatic plant absorption pool. The aquatic plant absorption pool is provided with a connecting pipe A to communicate with the ecological purification pool. It is connected with a circulating water pipe, and the circulating water pipe is laid obliquely to the upper end of the side wall of the funnel-shaped fish pond; the conical bottom of the fish manure separation device is connected with a sewage pipe B that leads into the ecological ditch of the greenhouse, and the outlet of the sewage pipe B is lower than the funnel-shaped The water surface of the fish pond and the height difference are set to h2, the greenhouse ecological ditch is connected to the lotus pond, the lotus pond is connected to the rice field through connecting pipe B, a sand filter dam is provided between the rice field and the ecological purification pond, and the ecological purification pond is connected to the funnel-shaped fish pond. provided with deep wells;

The natural flow of water is realized by setting the height difference between the fish manure separation device, the aquatic plant absorption pond and the ecological purification pond, and the natural flow of water is realized by setting the height difference between the greenhouse ecological ditch, the lotus root pond, the rice field and the ecological purification pond.

Preferably, one side of the ecological ditch is provided with a fish manure fermentation channel with a high front end and a low rear end, and a plurality of sedimentation tanks are arranged at the bottom of the front end of the ecological ditch, and a sewage pump is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank and the fish manure pipe passes through the bottom of the ecological ditch. into the fish manure fermentation channel.

Preferably, the fish dung fermentation channel is constructed with transparent pipes or plastic films, and the fermentation channel is covered with a steel greenhouse.

Preferably, the outlet pipe of the fish dung fermentation channel is connected to a manure collection tank, and a sewage suction pump is installed in the tank and is respectively connected to farmland, vegetable fields, orchards, and flower plantations through fertilization pipelines.

Preferably, the middle of the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond is provided with a swirl booster device, which includes a geared motor, a suspension ball, and a swirl paddle. The lower part of the geared motor is evenly distributed with 3 suspension balls and a swirl paddle through a horizontal support rod. A rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the rotating shaft, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is coaxially fixedly connected with the output shaft of the reduction motor through a coupling, and a frequency conversion switch for controlling the speed is connected to the reduction motor.

Preferably, the blades on the swirl propeller are set as three concave curved blades facing downward, and the curved blades are evenly distributed on the central axis of the propeller.

Preferably, two layers of anti-escape nets are provided at the conical outlet of the funnel-shaped fish pond.

A method for cultivating in a funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation culture system, comprising the following steps:

The first step: Start the circulating pump to continuously add water to the funnel-shaped fish pond, so that a water pressure difference is formed between the mixing nozzle of the fish manure separation device and the water surface between the funnel-shaped fish pond;

Step 2: The fish feces and residual bait produced by the fish slide continuously along the side wall of the funnel-shaped fish pond to the center of the bottom of the pond. The water pressure difference will cause the downstream water to form a natural swirl and be discharged from the sewage pipe A. Bring the falling fish dung into the sewage pipe, and flow from the mixing nozzle into the isolation sleeve of the fish dung separation device through the shaft; during the sliding process of the fish dung, start the swirl booster device, and the swirl paddle of the device Rotating clockwise underwater, the swirl paddle drives the water body to rotate clockwise slowly to form a thrust to accelerate the swirl of water to speed up the excretion of fish dung;

Step 2: Since the isolation sleeve is higher than the sawtooth outlet weir, water and fish feces will drop rapidly and flow out of the isolation sleeve after entering, and the water flowing out of the isolation sleeve will flow upwards and flow out from the sawtooth outlet weir into the annular clear water tank Inside, the barrier effect of the isolation sleeve prevents the fish feces from spreading outward, and quickly settles from the isolation sleeve to the bottom;

Step 3: The clean water in the ring-shaped clean water tank flows downward from the clear water pipe into the aquatic plant absorption tank, so that the suspended fish feces and residual bait settle here, and are absorbed and utilized by aquatic plants. The purified water flows from the connecting pipe A Go down into the ecological purification pool;

Step 4: The fish manure collected at the bottom of the fish manure separation device is discharged into the ecological ditch of the greenhouse under the action of the water pressure difference h2, and then sinks into the sedimentation tank at the front end. The sewage pump in the sedimentation tank passes the fish manure through The fish manure pipeline is sent into the fermentation channel. Since the front end of the channel is higher than the rear end, the fish manure will slowly and automatically flow downward after entering. Entering farmland, vegetable fields, orchards, and flower plantations;

Step 5: The tail water containing fish dung in the ecological ditch of the greenhouse flows into the lotus pond by itself, the water in the lotus pond enters the paddy field through the connecting pipe B, and the third-stage purified water in the paddy field enters the ecological purification pond through the sand filter dam;

Step 6: The ecological purification pond mainly stocks silver carp and bighead carp with feeding habits, and uses fish to purify the water. The two-way clear water after multi-stage purification is circulated back to the funnel-shaped fish pond by the circulating pump in the ecological purification pond to complete the circulation process.

Preferably, the diameter of the upper port of the funnel-shaped fish pond is less than or equal to 25m, the pool depth is 5m, and the water depth is 4.5m. The beneficial technical effects of the invention are:

1. The middle of the liquid surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond of the present invention is equipped with a swirl booster device, which floats on the surface of the water body through a suspension ball, and drives the swirl paddle inserted into the water body to rotate through a geared motor, and the swirl paddle drives the water body to generate Slowly rotate clockwise and form a thrust to accelerate the swirl of water, which speeds up the sedimentation speed of the residual bait of the feces on the conical side of the fish pond toward the lowest point of the center, and discharges the feces and residual bait from the funnel-shaped fish pond with a small amount of drainage; through frequency conversion The device reasonably controls the sewage discharge interval of the cyclone booster device, and improves the sewage discharge method from manual operation to mechanical automatic timing operation, which has high efficiency, good sewage discharge effect, and saves manpower and material resources.

2. The present invention separates the sedimentation and separation of mixed fish feces discharged from the funnel-shaped fish pond by setting a fish feces separation device. The design features of the isolation sleeve and the saw-toothed outlet weir can speed up the precipitation of fish feces residual bait, and at the same time, the rapidly formed supernatant water enters the into the ring-shaped clear water tank and discharged into the circulation system through pipelines to realize the recycling of aquaculture water and save a lot of aquaculture water.

3. The present invention stores the precipitated fish dung in the sedimentation tank by setting the ecological ditch of the greenhouse, and by placing fermentation bacteria in the inclined fish dung fermentation channel, the fish dung in the sedimentation tank is fermented to form a vegetable field or Excellent fertilizer for orchards etc.

4. The fermentation channel of the present invention is made of a transparent pipe or a plastic film, and is fermented by sunlight irradiation to raise the temperature. In summer, the sunlight is sufficient and the fermentation speed is fast. At the same time, fish actively eat in summer and cause a lot of feces, and sufficient light ensures a large amount of excrement. Fermentation of manure is the opposite in winter. The fermentation cycle system uses seasonal temperature changes to fully ferment fish manure into high-quality fertilizers, turning waste into treasure, energy saving and environmental protection.

5. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of lower natural temperature of water in deep water wells in summer by setting deep water wells, and injects water into funnel-shaped fish ponds to cool down in summer, creating a suitable growth temperature for fish. If the temperature is too high, the fish scales will fall off. By injecting well water to cool down, the mortality rate of fish during fishing can be reduced and the breeding efficiency can be improved.

6. The invention equips the funnel-shaped fish pond with a swirl booster and a fish feces separation device, which can efficiently remove nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, COD, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the aquaculture water body, with removal rates of 90.91% respectively , 48.94%, 27.96%, 54.16%, 44.44%, the design of the new bottom sewage pond is integrated with the innovation of domestic ecological fishery methods, and the removal rate of fish manure is over 80%, which is far higher than the 10% to 30% of the traditional track-type circulating culture. The removal rate of fish manure greatly reduces the content of fish manure and other pollutants in the aquaculture water.

7. The fish excrement separation device, aquatic plant absorption tank and ecological purification tank of the present invention form a first circulation system, which performs multi-stage purification and recycling of the supernatant water after fish excrement separation; through the fish excrement separation device, ecological Ditches, lotus root ponds, paddy fields, and ecological purification ponds carry out multi-stage utilization and purification of the tail water after the separation of fish manure to achieve recycling. This double-cycle ecological breeding system realizes the circular treatment of the tail water of the aquaculture, which is energy-saving, The advantages of land saving, water saving, high quality, high efficiency, and environmental protection are currently advocated green and healthy aquatic farming models, which are worthy of promotion and application.

8. The ecological breeding system of the present invention can be used for different fish and other aquatic products. According to calculations, the yield of cultured fish is 10kg-50kg/㎡, which is equivalent to 6000kg-30000kg per mu, which is several times or even ten times that of ordinary pond culture. ; Compared with the industrial aquaculture purification system, water treatment facilities and equipment such as sand filter tanks, aeration trays, and nitrification and denitrification are reduced. The aquaculture cycle process is simpler and more practical, with small investment, low energy consumption, less operation and maintenance, and low cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a circulatory system diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is one of the cross-sectional structural representations of funnel-shaped fish pond, fish excrement separation device, greenhouse ecological ditch, and ecological purification tank of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the second of the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of funnel-shaped fish pond, fish excrement separation device, greenhouse ecological ditch, ecological purification tank of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 3;

Fig. 5 is a partial sectional structural schematic diagram of a greenhouse ecological ditch of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view between the fish excrement separation device, the aquatic plant absorption tank, and the ecological purification tank of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the swirl propeller of the present invention.

In the figure, 01. Funnel-shaped fish pond, 11. Sewage pipe armor, 12. Shaft, 13. Anti-escape net, 02. Fish feces separation device, 21. Cylindrical separation tank, 22. Isolation sleeve, 23. Mixing nozzle , 24. Saw-toothed water outlet weir, 25. Annular clear water tank, 251. Clean water pipe, 26. Sewage pipe B, 261. Outlet end of sewage pipe B, 03. Ecological purification pool, 31. Circulating pump, 311. Circulating water pipe, 04. Greenhouse ecological ditch, 41. Sedimentation tank, 42. Sewage pump, 43. Fish manure pipe, 05. Lotus root pond, 51. Connecting pipe B, 06. Rice field, 61. Sand filter dam, 07. Aquatic plant absorption pond, 71. Connecting pipe armor, 08. Deep water well, 09. Fish manure fermentation channel, 91. Sewage absorption pump, 92. Fertilization pipeline, 93. Vegetable field, 94. Orchard, 95. Flower plantation, 100. Cyclone booster device , 101. Swirl paddle, 200. Fish dung.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1, referring to accompanying drawings 1-7 of the description, a funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation culture system, the culture system includes a funnel-shaped fish pond arranged in the soil foundation, a fish excrement separation device arranged on one side of the funnel-shaped fish pond, and a greenhouse Ecological ditches, lotus root ponds, rice fields, ecological purification ponds, aquatic plant absorption ponds, and funnel-shaped fish ponds are provided with heat preservation sheds; the tapered exit of the funnel-shaped fish ponds is equipped with two layers of anti-escape to prevent fish from escaping from the sewage outlet net.

There is a shaft between the fish dung separation device and the funnel-shaped fish pond. The fish dung separation device includes a cylindrical separation tank with a conical bottom, an isolation sleeve vertically placed in the middle of the cylindrical separation tank, and a The mixing nozzle inside, the middle of the upper port of the cylindrical separation tank is provided with a cofferdam, the outer side of the saw-toothed water outlet weir is provided with an annular clear water tank, the upper end of the isolation sleeve is higher than the saw-toothed water outlet weir, and the lower end is located above the conical bottom. The lower end of the mixing nozzle protrudes from the isolation sleeve and communicates with the vertical shaft through a horizontal pipe. A sewage pipe A is provided between the vertical shaft and the bottom of the funnel-shaped fish pond. The upper port of the mixing nozzle is lower than the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond and the height The difference is set to h1;

The water in the fish pond can be drained by setting a drainage pump in the shaft, which is convenient for fishing sale or internal cleaning.

The ring-shaped clear water tank of the fish manure separation device is provided with a clear water pipe and extends downwards into the aquatic plant absorption pool. Connected with a circulating water pipe, the circulating water pipe is laid obliquely to the upper end of the side wall of the funnel-shaped fish pond, and the inclined water pipe has the effect of promoting the rotation of the water flow; the conical bottom of the fish manure separation device is connected with a sewage pipe B leading to the greenhouse ecology In the ditch, the outlet of the sewage pipe B is lower than the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond and the height difference is set to h2. The greenhouse ecological ditch is connected to the lotus root pond, and the lotus root pond and the paddy field are connected through connecting pipe B, and the paddy field and the ecological purification pond are connected. There is a sand filter dam connected, the water in the paddy field turns over the sand filter dam and enters the ecological purification pool, and there is a deep water well between the ecological purification pool and the funnel-shaped fish pond;

The water flow is realized by setting the height difference between the fish manure separation device, the aquatic plant absorption pond and the ecological purification pond, and the water flow is realized by setting the height difference between the greenhouse ecological ditch, the lotus root pond, the rice field and the ecological purification pond.

One side of the ecological ditch is provided with a fish dung fermentation channel with a high front end and a low rear end. After the fish dung enters, it slowly descends along the fermentation channel. During this process, it is mixed and fermented with fermentation bacteria to form high-quality organic fertilizer. A plurality of sedimentation tanks are arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank. A sewage pump is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation tank and is passed into the fish manure fermentation channel through a fish manure pipe. The fish manure fermentation channel is set as a transparent pipe or is constructed by a plastic film, and the fermentation channel The upper part is covered with a steel structure greenhouse, which can quickly heat up after being exposed to sunlight. The outlet of the fish manure fermentation channel is connected to a manure collection tank, and the fermented fish manure in the manure collection tank is applied to the farmland and vegetable fields through the fertilization pipe through the sewage suction pump. , orchard, flower plantation.

A swirling booster is provided in the middle of the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond. The device includes a gear motor, a suspension ball, and a swirl paddle. The lower part of the gear motor is evenly distributed with multiple suspension balls through the horizontal support rod. The swirl paddle is located 50cm below the water surface to generate the best swirl effect. There is a rotating shaft and the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected coaxially with the output shaft of the geared motor through a coupling. The geared motor is connected with a frequency conversion switch to control the speed. The speed of the swirling paddle is controlled by the frequency conversion switch, and then the water flow is controlled to form a swirling flow. to control the discharge speed of fish dung; the blades on the swirl propeller are set to two straight blades or three curved blades that are generally circular, and the straight blades and curved blades are evenly distributed on the central axis of the propeller.

Embodiment two, referring to accompanying drawing 1-7 of specification sheet, the method for cultivating according to a kind of funnel-shaped pond ecological circulation culture system described in embodiment one, comprises the following steps:

The first step: Start the circulating pump to continuously add water to the funnel-shaped fish pond, so that a water pressure difference is formed between the mixing nozzle of the fish manure separation device and the water surface between the funnel-shaped fish pond;

Step 2: The fish feces and residual bait produced by the fish continuously slide down the side wall of the funnel-shaped fish pond to the center of the bottom of the pond. The water pressure difference will cause the downstream water to form a natural swirl and be discharged from the sewage pipe A. Bring the falling fish manure into the sewage pipe, and flow from the mixing nozzle into the isolation sleeve of the fish manure separation device through the shaft; Turning clockwise, the swirling paddle drives the water body to rotate slowly clockwise to form a thrust to accelerate the swirling flow of the water, which speeds up the excretion of fish feces and does not produce feces deposits;

Step 2: Since the isolation sleeve is higher than the saw-tooth outlet weir, the water and fish manure will drop rapidly after entering and flow out of the isolation sleeve. , The barrier effect of the isolation sleeve prevents the fish dung from spreading outward, and quickly settles from the isolation sleeve to the bottom, which improves the sedimentation efficiency of fish dung;

Step 3: The clean water in the ring-shaped clean water tank flows downward from the clear water pipe into the aquatic plant absorption pool, and the strong absorption capacity of aquatic plants is used to make the suspended fish feces and residual bait settle here and be absorbed and utilized by aquatic plants. The purified water enters the ecological purification pool downward from the connecting pipe A;

Step 4: The fish manure deposited at the bottom of the fish manure separation device is discharged into the ecological ditch of the greenhouse under the action of the water pressure difference h2, and then sinks into the sedimentation tank at the front end. The sewage suction pump in the sedimentation tank removes the fish manure It is sent into the fish manure fermentation channel through the fish manure pipeline. Since the front end of the channel is higher than the back end, the fish manure will slowly and automatically flow to the back end after entering. This process forms high-quality fertilizer under the action of the fermentation bacteria placed inside. , and apply it to farmland, vegetable fields, orchards, and flower plantations through sewage pumps;

Step 5: The tail water containing part of the feces in the ecological ditch of the greenhouse flows into the lotus root pool by itself. The planted lotus root absorbs the fertility of the tail water, which improves the yield of the lotus root and purifies the rear water of the breeding. The water in the lotus root pool enters through the connecting pipe B. In the paddy field, the third-stage purified water in the paddy field flows through the sand filter dam and enters the ecological purification pool;

Step 6: The ecological purification pond mainly stocks silver carp and bighead carp with feeding habits, and the water is purified by fish. The two-way clear water after multi-stage purification is discharged into the funnel-shaped fish pond by the circulating pump in the ecological purification pond to complete the cycle and achieve zero discharge.

The diameter of the upper port of the funnel-shaped fish pond is less than or equal to 25m, the depth of the pond is 5m, and the water depth is 4.5m. The angle is 15°.

Example 3, sewage discharge test of cyclone booster device

Refer to Figures 2 and 7 of the specification. The swirl power booster includes a geared motor, a suspension ball, and a swirl paddle. The lower part of the geared motor is evenly distributed with 3 suspension balls through a horizontal support rod. A rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the swirl paddle and the shaft The upper end of the motor is fixedly connected coaxially with the output shaft of the deceleration motor through a coupling, and the deceleration motor is connected with a frequency conversion switch to control the speed. The discharge speed; the blades on the swirl propeller are set to two straight blades or three curved blades that are generally circular, and the straight blades and curved blades are evenly distributed on the central axis of the propeller.

The shape and number of blades on the swirl propeller of the swirl booster device have a great influence on the swirl boost. It is necessary to study the swirl settlement effect of setting different swirl paddles on feces residual bait through the model.

Firstly, the angle between the slope at the bottom and the horizontal plane is designed to be 30°, and a funnel-shaped model with a diameter of 0.8m and a height of 0.4m on the upper part is designed to simulate a funnel-shaped fish pond. The model is made of 2mm thick stainless steel sheet, and the bottom is connected to a sewage pipe with a valve The swirl booster device is fixed to the water surface in the middle of the model, and the carp broken material is used instead of fish dung for the test.

(1) Straight plate-shaped two-blade swirl-assisted sewage discharge test

Two plane straight blades are symmetrically welded on the rotating shaft of the swirling propeller, and placed 7cm below the water surface, adjust the speed to 375rpm, after the system is running stably, add 50g of carp crushed material to the model, stop replenishing water into the model and turn on the sewage When the crushed material completely enters the sewage collection pipe, the stopwatch starts timing, stops timing after the crushed feed is completely discharged, replenishes water to the same water level, repeats the above test for a total of 3 times; adjusts the speed to 100rpm, and performs the above test for 3 times to time the crushing respectively The time when the material completely enters the sewage collection pipe.

Table 1 The sewage discharge time of two straight blade swirl assisted collectors (unit: s)

375rpm 100rpm The time of the first collection of sewage 360 220 The second sewage collection time 370 206 Time for the third sewage collection 368 210 Average collection and discharge time 366 212

Test results and analysis: The three sewage collection times of straight two-bladed swirl flow are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that the feces residual bait has completely settled, and the average sewage collection and discharge time is 366s at a speed of 375rpm, while the average collection and discharge time at a speed of 100rpm The blowdown time is only 212s, and the blowdown time is reduced by 154 s at 100rpm compared with 375rpm.

(2) Swirl flow booster sewage discharge test with three blades on the curved surface and the concave surface facing upwards

Replace the two straight blades in test (1) with curved blades, with the concave side facing up, weld three curved blades evenly on the rotating shaft of the swirl propeller, place them at a place 7cm below the water surface, repeat the steps and methods of test (1), Obtain the time when the crushed material completely enters the sewage collection pipe under the situation of rotating speed 375rpm and rotating speed 100rpm.

Table 2 The sewage discharge time of the curved three-blade concavity facing up swirling booster set (unit: s)

375rpm 100rpm The time of the first collection of sewage 220 120 The second sewage collection time 206 130 Time for the third sewage collection 210 132 Average collection and discharge time 212 127

Test results and analysis: The three-blade concave surface of the curved surface swirls upwards to assist 3 times of sewage collection time as shown in Table 2. From Table 2, it can be seen that it takes an average of 212 s at a speed of 375 rpm to completely settle the residual feces bait. 127 s, 100rpm compared with 375rpm speed of sewage collection time reduced by 85s.

(3) Swirl flow booster sewage discharge test with three blades on the curved surface and the concave surface facing down

Replace the two straight blades in test (1) with curved blades, with the concave side facing down, weld three curved blades evenly on the rotating shaft of the swirl propeller, place them at a place 7cm below the water surface, repeat the steps and methods of test (1), Obtain the time for the crushed material to completely enter the sewage collection pipe under the conditions of rotating speed 375rpm and rotating speed 100rpm.

Table 3 The sewage discharge time of the curved three-blade concave-side downward swirling booster set (unit: s)

375rpm 100rpm The time of the first collection of sewage 160 125 The second sewage collection time 175 130 Time for the third sewage collection 150 120 Average collection and discharge time 162 125

Analysis of sewage discharge results of three kinds of blade swirl paddle sets:

It can be seen from Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 that when the blade rotates at 375 rpm, the average time for two straight blades to completely remove the broken material in the funnel-shaped pond is 366 s, and the average time for the concave surface of the curved three blades to face up is 212 s, while The average time for the curved three-blade concave side to face down is 162 s, and the sewage discharge time of the curved three-blade concave side down is 204 s shorter than that of two straight blades;

When the blade rotates at 100 rpm, it takes 212s for two straight blades to completely remove the crushed material in the funnel-shaped pond, while it only takes 125s for the curved three-blade concave side to face down, which is faster than two straight blades Got 87s. It can be seen that under the condition of the same speed, the two straight blades collect the dirt the slowest, the curved three blades with the concave side up are faster, and the curved three blades with the concave side down are the fastest.

In addition, under the same condition of swirl paddle blades, the speed of 100 rpm to completely remove the residual bait in the funnel-shaped pond system is faster than that of 375 rpm. For the three kinds of swirl paddles in the down swirl, the speed of 100 rpm was 154s, 85s and 37s faster than that of 375rpm to completely remove the residual bait in the funnel-shaped pond system, respectively. Therefore, the present invention preferably has three curved blades and swirl blades with the concave surface facing downward.

Embodiment four, the application of the circulation culture system of the present invention

Henan Xuhua Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. adopts the cycle control method of Embodiment 2 for farming, and the propeller blades of the swirl booster are selected with curved surfaces and three concave blades facing downward;

Specifically, the diameter of the upper port of the funnel-shaped pond is set to about 25m, the depth of the pond is set to 5m, and the water depth is set to 4.5m. The ratio of the volume of the funnel-shaped pond to the total volume of the ecological purification pond, aquatic plant absorption pond, lotus root pond, and rice field is 2 :8.

The company has 3 breeding ponds, the areas of which are: No. 1 pond 530m ² , No. 2 pond 706m ² , and No. 3 pond 706m ² . The ponds are all round and funnel-shaped. There is a sewage outlet in the middle of the bottom of the pond. Bury sewage pipes below 50cm. A vertical drainage pipe is installed on the outside of the sewage outlet, the vertical pipe is 100cm above the bottom of the pool, and the drainage pipe is connected below, so that the vertical drainage pipe only discharges the suspended matter in the pool and not the sediment at the bottom of the pool. The bottom of the pond and the side slopes are all covered with anti-seepage film to ensure that the breeding water does not leak.

Each breeding pond is equipped with a waterwheel type aerator with a power of 1.5kW, and a 1.5kW swirl booster in the middle of the fish pond. The ecological purification pond is equipped with a submersible pump with a water output of 45m ³ /h to extract purified water for recycling in the breeding pond. The culture pond was maintained at a water depth of 4.5m, and a production test was carried out.

In June 2020, koi were purchased and put into 3 breeding ponds, and summer flowers of silver carp and bighead carp were purchased in July and put into ecological purification ponds.

Table 4 Stocking table of fry and species

date stocking amount (tail) Area (㎡) Density (tail/㎡) Average size (g/tail) Pool 1 6.27 440 530 0.83 1750 Pool 2 6.27 1375 706 1.95 350 Pool 3 6.27 1370 706 1.94 350

During the whole test, special floating bait for koi was fed, 2 to 4 times a day. The sewage is discharged about 2 hours after each feeding, and the sewage is discharged 3 to 5 times a day, and is automatically discharged into the fish manure separation device by relying on the water level pressure difference. From the beginning of August, the aquaculture pond discharges the suspended sewage in the pond into the circulation system through the drain pipe at the bottom of the pond 24 hours a day, and the aquaculture tail water is extracted and returned to the aquaculture pond after sedimentation and purification to realize uninterrupted exchange and recycling of water bodies. The total water exchange volume is 45m ³ /h, and the average water exchange volume of each pond is 15m ³ /h.

Water quality indicators such as water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, and ammonia nitrogen are tested every day, and total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and COD in the water bodies of aquaculture ponds and ecological purification ponds are regularly measured to compare the purification effect of aquaculture tail water.

After testing, the output of the three culture ponds all reached more than 2.5kg/m ² . See Table 5 for details

Table 5 Yield measurement results of each culture pond

Pool 1 Pool 2 Pool 3 date 11.12 11.12 11.4 Storage pool (tail) 440 1310 1260 Specifications (kg/tail) 3.15 1.5 1.37 Total output (kg) 1386 1965 1726 Unit output (kg/m²) 2.62 2.78 2.44

The unit output of the 3 test ponds is lower than that of food fish cultured in the same way. This is to ensure the quality of koi without deliberately pursuing the consideration of unit output. Obvious ecological benefits have been obtained through experiments.

In July, August, and September when the amount of feeding is relatively high, it can be seen from the water quality monitoring that the pH value is about 8.10, and the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and COD of both the water in the breeding pond and the water in the purified pond have basically reached the second level of freshwater aquaculture. Emission standards indicate that this model has played a role in ecological farming. See Table 6 for details.

Table 6 Comparison table of some water quality indicators between the No. 2 culture pond and the ecological purification pond

Breeding pond (range) Breeding pond (average) Ecological purification pool Purification pool (average) COD (mg/L) 26～9 20.10 20～11 14.48 Total Nitrogen (mg/L) 3.45～1.5 2.27 1.53～0.6 1.04 Total phosphorus (mg/L) 0.4～0.2 0.36 0.31～0.19 0.20 Nitrite (mg/L) 0.133～0.009 0.11 0.05～0.002 0.01 Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) 0.96～0.4 0.47 0.42～0.1 0.24

It can be seen from Table 6 that after multi-stage purification treatment, the harmful substances in the ecological purification pond are lower than those in the breeding pond. Calculated according to the average value of each index, the removal rate of nitrite is 90.91%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 48.94%, The removal rate of COD is 27.96%, the removal rate of total nitrogen is 54.16%, and the removal rate of total phosphorus is 44.44%, which effectively improves the quality of aquaculture water, achieves the purpose of purifying aquaculture tail water and recycling, and forms an environment conducive to the growth of aquaculture fish. , improve feed conversion efficiency, accelerate fish growth, and increase breeding benefits.

In this case, the ornamental fish such as koi are affected by the number of fish species, and the yield is relatively low, but compared with ordinary pond culture, it has the advantages of fast growth, less disease, and bright colors. Through practical application, adopt the funnel-shaped pond of example 2 of the present invention to breed other fishes to carry out the test, have cultivated varieties such as California perch, tilapia, grass carp, Dinggui in 700 square meters of funnel-shaped ponds, and output reaches 7500kg, laurel respectively under normal conditions. 34000kg, 12400kg, 8100kg, the equivalent output is 10kg~50kg/㎡, the output is higher and has better income.

The cultured fish in the circulation system of the present invention always grow in the state of water body circulation and flow, and a good water body environment provides guarantee for efficient production of high-quality aquatic products. Compared with common pond culture, where there are many diseases and diseases in fish farming, the ecological farming model can significantly improve the disease resistance of fish, reduce the probability of disease, and effectively reduce the risk of farming.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a funnel-shaped pond ecological cycle farming systems which characterized by: the culture system comprises a funnel-shaped fish pond arranged in a soil foundation, a fish manure separation device arranged on one side of the funnel-shaped fish pond, a greenhouse ecological ditch, a lotus root pond, a rice field, an aquatic plant absorption pond and an ecological purification pond;

a vertical shaft is arranged between the fish manure separation device and the funnel-shaped fish pond, the fish manure separation device comprises a cylindrical separation pond with a conical bottom, a separation sleeve vertically sleeved in the cylindrical separation pond, and a mixing spray pipe sleeved in the separation sleeve, a cofferdam is arranged in the middle of an upper port of the cylindrical separation pond, an annular clear water tank is arranged outside a serrated effluent weir, the upper end of the separation sleeve is higher than the serrated effluent weir, the lower end of the separation sleeve is positioned above the conical bottom, the lower end of the mixing spray pipe extends out of the separation sleeve and is communicated with the vertical shaft through a transverse pipe, a sewage discharge pipe A is arranged between the vertical shaft and the bottom of the funnel-shaped fish pond for communication, the upper port of the mixing spray pipe is lower than the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond, and the height difference is set as h1;

a clear water pipe is arranged in an annular clear water tank of the fish dung separating device and extends downwards into an aquatic plant absorption tank, a connecting pipe A is arranged in the aquatic plant absorption tank and communicated with an ecological purification tank, a circulating pump is arranged in the ecological purification tank, the circulating pump is connected with a circulating water pipe, and the circulating water pipe is obliquely laid at the upper end of the side wall of the funnel-shaped fish pond; a drain pipe B is connected to the conical bottom of the fish dung separating device and is led into the greenhouse ecological ditch, the outlet end of the drain pipe B is lower than the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond, the height difference is set to be h2, the greenhouse ecological ditch is communicated with the lotus root pond, the lotus root pond is communicated with the rice field through a connecting pipe B, a sand filter dam is arranged between the rice field and the ecological purifying pond, and a deep well is arranged between the ecological purifying pond and the funnel-shaped fish pond;

the fish manure separation device, the aquatic plant absorption pool and the ecological purification pool realize natural flow of water through height difference, and the greenhouse ecological ditch, the lotus root pool, the rice field and the ecological purification pool realize natural flow of water through height difference;

the device comprises a speed reduction motor, suspension balls and a rotational flow paddle, wherein 3 suspension balls are uniformly distributed on the lower part of the speed reduction motor through a transverse support rod, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the rotational flow paddle, the upper end of the rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the speed reduction motor through a coupler, and a variable frequency switch for controlling the rotating speed is connected to the speed reduction motor;

the blades on the rotational flow propeller are three curved blades with downward concave surfaces, and the curved blades are uniformly distributed on the central shaft of the propeller.

2. The funnel-shaped pond ecological cycle aquaculture system of claim 1, characterized in that: one side of ecological ditch is equipped with the fish manure fermentation passageway that the front end is high the rear end is low, and the bottom of the ditch of ecological ditch front end is equipped with a plurality of sedimentation tanks, and the bottom of the pool of sedimentation tank is equipped with the dredge pump and lets in the fish manure fermentation passageway through the fish manure pipe.

3. The funnel-shaped pond ecological cycle aquaculture system of claim 2, characterized in that: the fish manure fermentation channel is constructed by adopting a transparent pipeline or a plastic film, and a steel-structured greenhouse is covered above the fermentation channel.

4. The funnel-shaped pond ecological cycle aquaculture system of claim 2, characterized in that: connect an album excrement groove on the outlet pipe of fish excrement fermentation passageway, the inslot installation soil pick-up pump lets in respectively in farmland, vegetables field, orchard, the flower planting garden through fertilization pipeline.

5. The funnel-shaped pond ecological cycle aquaculture system of claim 1, characterized in that: and two layers of escape-proof nets are arranged at the conical outlet of the funnel-shaped fish pond.

6. The method for cultivating the funneled pond ecological cycle cultivating system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: starting a circulating pump to continuously add water into the funnel-shaped fish pond, so that a water pressure difference is formed between a mixing spray pipe of the fish manure separation device and the water surface of the funnel-shaped fish pond;

the second step is that: the fish feces and residual bait generated by the fish continuously slide down to the center of the bottom of the funnel-shaped fish pond along the side wall of the funnel-shaped fish pond, the water pressure difference can enable the water flowing downwards to form natural rotational flow to be discharged from the sewage discharge pipe A, and the water is discharged and simultaneously brings the sliding fish feces into the sewage discharge pipe and flows into the isolation sleeve of the fish feces separation device from the mixing spray pipe through the vertical shaft; in the process of slipping the fish manure, starting a rotational flow assisting device, wherein a rotational flow paddle of the device rotates clockwise underwater, and the rotational flow paddle drives a water body to slowly rotate clockwise to form rotational flow of thrust accelerated water so as to accelerate the excretion speed of the fish manure;

the second step is that: because the isolation sleeve is higher than the serrated effluent weir, water and fish dung can quickly descend and flow out of the isolation sleeve after entering, the water flowing out of the isolation sleeve flows upwards and flows out of the serrated effluent weir into the annular clear water tank, the fish dung cannot diffuse outwards due to the blocking effect of the isolation sleeve, and the fish dung is quickly deposited to the bottom from the isolation sleeve;

the third step: clear water in the annular clear water tank flows downwards into the aquatic plant absorption tank from the clear water pipe, so that suspended fish manure and residual bait are precipitated at the place and are absorbed and utilized by water plants, and purified water flows downwards into the ecological purification tank from the connecting pipe A;

the fourth step: the fish manure settled at the bottom of the fish manure separation device is discharged into a greenhouse ecological ditch under the action of water pressure difference h2 and then is settled into a sedimentation tank at the front end, the fish manure is sent into a fermentation channel through a fish manure pipeline by a sewage pump in the sedimentation tank, and the fish manure can slowly and automatically flow downwards after entering because the front end of the channel is higher than the rear end of the channel, and forms high-quality fertilizer under the action of zymophyte and is discharged into farmlands, vegetable and field, orchards and flower plantation through a sewage suction pump;

the fifth step: tail water containing fish dung in the greenhouse ecological ditch automatically flows into the lotus root pool, water in the lotus root pool enters the rice field through the connecting pipe B, and third-stage purified water in the rice field enters the ecological purification pool through the sand filtering dam;

and a sixth step: feeding and feeding-considered silver carps and bighead carps mainly in the ecological purification pool, purifying fish water, and circulating two paths of clean water subjected to multi-stage purification back to the funnel-shaped fish pool by a circulating pump in the ecological purification pool to finish the circulating process.

7. The funnel-shaped pond ecological cycle aquaculture system of claim 6, characterized in that: the diameter of the upper port of the funnel-shaped fishpond is less than or equal to 25m, the depth of the fishpond is 5m, the depth of water is 4.5m, the included angle between the bottom slope of the funnel-shaped fishpond and the horizontal plane is n, and n is more than or equal to 15 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees.

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