CN112551392A - 一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车 - Google Patents

一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车 Download PDF

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CN112551392A
CN112551392A CN202110045414.6A CN202110045414A CN112551392A CN 112551392 A CN112551392 A CN 112551392A CN 202110045414 A CN202110045414 A CN 202110045414A CN 112551392 A CN112551392 A CN 112551392A
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闫邦营
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/44—Jib-cranes adapted for attachment to standard vehicles, e.g. agricultural tractors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/52—Details of compartments for driving engines or motors or of operator's stands or cabins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/04—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs the effective length of which is variable in operation, e.g. longitudinally displaceable, extensible
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    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
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    • B66C23/30—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of telescopic elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/38—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes with separate prime movers for crane and vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/42—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes with jibs of adjustable configuration, e.g. foldable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/82—Luffing gear
    • B66C23/821—Bracing equipment for booms
    • B66C23/823—Bracing equipment acting in vertical direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/82—Luffing gear
    • B66C23/821—Bracing equipment for booms
    • B66C23/826—Bracing equipment acting at an inclined angle to vertical and horizontal directions
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    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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Abstract

本发明涉及工程车辆技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车。包括运载车和装配在运载车上的吊装系统；所述吊装系统包括固定在运载车上的支柱底座、塔吊支柱和能沿着塔吊支柱升降的塔吊。本发明体积小，成本低，方便移动，可以自主行走，无需托运，不用组装，到达施工现场就可以进行吊装作业，且安装速度快、工作效率高、安全稳定性好，可适用于搭造任意高度的风力发电机主塔筒，大大降低风力发电机的搭造成本。

Description

一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车
技术领域
本发明涉及工程车辆技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车。
背景技术
风力发电机是将风能转换为机械功，机械功带动转子旋转，最终输出交流电的电力设备。风力发电机一般有风轮、发电机、调向器(尾翼)、主塔筒、限速安全机构和储能装置等构件组成。1500KW风力发电机是我国的主流机型，风轮直径77米左右(也有70米、82米、87米的)，主塔筒高度65米、70米。2500KW风力发电机和3000KW风力发电机目前不是主流机型，但是已经有了实际应用，例如：金风官厅水库安装了2500KW风力发电机样机，主塔筒高度100米，风轮直径90米；华锐东海大桥安装了34台3000KW风力发电机，风轮直径90米，主塔筒高90米。
现有技术中，搭造风力发电机的主塔筒时，需要根据主塔筒的高度匹配相应吨数的吊车进行安装施工，主塔筒的高度越高，匹配施工的吊车就越大，施工成本就越高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车，解决以上技术问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车，包括运载车和装配在运载车上的吊装系统；其特征在于：所述吊装系统包括固定在运载车上的支柱底座、塔吊支柱和能沿着塔吊支柱升降的塔吊。
进一步地说：所述塔吊支柱由若干节支柱段上下拼接而成，其底端固定连接在支柱底座上；所述支柱底座与塔吊支柱均为四棱柱形状，且截面相同，在支柱底座的两个相对称的外侧壁上分别固定有齿条，在塔吊支柱的两个相对称的外侧壁上也分别固定有齿条，且塔吊支柱上的齿条与支柱底座上的齿条上下对接；所述塔吊包括升降平台、装配在升降平台上的伸缩吊臂、操作室和驱动伸缩吊臂升降的驱动油缸，所述升降平台设有上下贯通的通孔，所述通孔内装配有升降动力机构，所述升降动力机构的动力输出端上安装有与齿条相啮合的驱动齿轮；所述伸缩吊臂上装配有吊索，所述吊索的前端上固定连接有吊钩；所述操作室内设置有用于操控升降动力机构和驱动油缸工作的操控机构。
再进一步说：所述升降平台的尾部固定有吊臂支座，所述伸缩吊臂的尾端铰接在吊臂支座上；所述吊臂支座的顶部安装有吊索卷扬装置，所述吊索缠绕在吊索卷扬装置的卷轴上。
更进一步说：所述驱动油缸包括斜向驱动油缸和竖向驱动油缸，所述斜向驱动油缸和竖向驱动油缸的活塞杆顶端均通过销轴连接在伸缩吊臂底面中部的连接座上；所述斜向驱动油缸的缸体尾部铰接在升降平台的固定油缸座上；所述伸缩吊臂底面下部固定有用于固定竖向驱动油缸缸体的油缸夹持装置，所述塔吊支柱的顶端上可拆卸地安装有用于插接定位竖向驱动油缸缸体的活动油缸座；非工作状态时，竖向驱动油缸的缸体固定在油缸夹持装置上，工作时，竖向驱动油缸的缸体底端插接在活动油缸座内。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明体积小，成本低，方便移动，可以自主行走，无需托运，不用组装，到达施工现场就可以进行吊装作业，且安装速度快、工作效率高、安全稳定性好，可适用于搭造任意高度的风力发电机主塔筒，大大降低风力发电机的搭造成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明所述吊车搭造风力发电机的施工示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例：
参照图1，本实施例所述升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车，包括运载车1和装配在运载车1上的吊装系统。所述吊装系统包括固定在运载车1上的支柱底座16、塔吊支柱15和能沿着塔吊支柱15升降的塔吊。
所述塔吊支柱15由若干节支柱段上下拼接而成，其底端固定连接在支柱底座16上；所述支柱底座16与塔吊支柱15均为四棱柱形状，且截面相同，在支柱底座16的两个相对称的外侧壁上分别固定有齿条2，在塔吊支柱15的两个相对称的外侧壁上也分别固定有齿条2，且塔吊支柱15上的齿条2与支柱底座16上的齿条2上下对接，形成塔吊升降的行走轨道。
所述塔吊包括升降平台3、装配在升降平台3上的伸缩吊臂8、操作室13和驱动伸缩吊臂8升降的驱动油缸。
所述升降平台3设有上下贯通的通孔，所述通孔内装配有升降动力机构(优选采用电机)，所述升降动力机构设有两组，每一组升降动力机构的动力输出端上均安装有与齿条2相啮合的驱动齿轮14。工作时，两组升降动力机构上的驱动齿轮14同步、同速、反向转动。升降动力机构带动驱动齿轮14转动，从而驱动升降平台3沿着齿条上升或下降。
所述伸缩吊臂8上装配有吊索9，所述吊索9的前端上固定连接有吊钩10；所述升降平台3的尾部固定有吊臂支座4，所述伸缩吊臂8的尾端铰接在吊臂支座4上；所述吊臂支座4的顶部安装有吊索卷扬装置5，所述吊索9缠绕在吊索卷扬装置5的卷轴上。
所述驱动油缸包括斜向驱动油缸6和竖向驱动油缸11，所述斜向驱动油缸6和竖向驱动油缸11的活塞杆顶端均通过销轴连接在伸缩吊臂8底面中部的连接座上；所述斜向驱动油缸6的缸体尾部铰接在升降平台3的固定油缸座上；所述伸缩吊臂8底面下部固定有用于固定竖向驱动油缸11缸体的油缸夹持装置7，所述塔吊支柱15的顶端上可拆卸地安装有用于插接定位竖向驱动油缸11缸体的活动油缸座12；非工作状态时，竖向驱动油缸11的缸体固定在油缸夹持装置7上，工作时，竖向驱动油缸11的缸体底端插接在活动油缸座12内。斜向驱动油缸6和竖向驱动油缸11共同对吊臂8驱动更有力、更安全、更稳定。
所述操作室13内设置有用于操控升降动力机构和驱动油缸工作的操控机构。工作人员在操作室13内通过操控机构对塔吊的升降和吊装作业进行操控。该操控机构可在现有技术中的塔吊操控机构的基础上增加升降动力机构(电机)和竖向驱动油缸11的操控装置，该技术手段为本领域常规技术手段，在此不再赘述。
如图2所示，以搭造3节主塔筒(主塔筒是按节吊装，现实中，主塔筒的节数根据实际情况而定)为例，简述本发明所述吊车的工作过程如下：
初始状态，塔吊安装在支柱底座16上，塔吊支柱15的各节支柱段为拆解状态。
将吊车行驶到施工现场，将活动油缸座12插接装配在支柱底座16的顶端，并将竖向驱动油缸11的缸体底部插接在活动油缸座12内。
先由塔吊把最底下一节的第一主塔筒17A吊至主塔筒底座上，通过法兰连接固定；然后，将竖向驱动油缸11的缸体从活动油缸座12内拔出，并将其固定在油缸夹持装置7上；再由塔吊把第一支柱段15A吊至支柱底座16上，通过法兰连接固定好以后，启动升降动力机构，驱动塔吊沿着齿条2上升至第一支柱段15A的顶端，升降动力机构停止工作，再将活动油缸座12插接装配在支柱底座16的顶端，并将竖向驱动油缸11的缸体底部插接在活动油缸座12内。此时，为了增强塔吊支柱2的稳定性，保证操作室内工作人员的人身安全，可在第一主塔筒17A与第一支柱段15A之间安装稳固支架18，借助主塔筒的稳固性提高塔吊支柱2的稳定性和安全性。
第一层的稳固支架18安装完毕后，再由塔吊把中间一节的第二主塔筒17B吊至第一主塔筒17A的上方，使第二主塔筒17B的底端与第一主塔筒17A顶端相对接，并通过法兰固定连接；然后，将竖向驱动油缸11的缸体从活动油缸座12内拔出，并将其固定在油缸夹持装置7上；再由塔吊把第二支柱段15B吊至第一支柱段15A的上方，使第二支柱段15B的底端与第一支柱段15A的顶端相对接，并通过法兰固定连接；再次启动升降动力机构，驱动塔吊沿着齿条2上升至第二支柱段15B的顶端，升降动力机构停止工作，再将活动油缸座12插接装配在支柱底座16的顶端，并将竖向驱动油缸11的缸体底部插接在活动油缸座12内。此时，可在第二主塔筒17B与第二支柱段15B之间安装稳固支架18。
第二层的稳固支架18安装完毕后，再由塔吊把最上面一节的第三主塔筒17C吊至第二主塔筒17B的上方，使第三主塔筒17C的底端与第二主塔筒17B顶端相对接，并通过法兰固定连接。
最后，由塔吊将风轮叶片17D等组件吊装至第三主塔筒17C的顶端进行安装。
安装完毕后，将竖向驱动油缸11的缸体从活动油缸座12内拔出，并将其固定在油缸夹持装置7上；启动升降动力机构，驱动塔吊沿着齿条2下降至第一支柱段15A的顶端，升降动力机构停止工作，待第二支柱段15B与第一支柱段15A拆解后，通过塔吊将第二支柱段15B从第一支柱段15A吊至地面回收；启动升降动力机构，驱动塔吊沿着齿条2下降至支柱底座16，升降动力机构停止工作，待第一支柱段15A与支柱底座16拆解后，通过塔吊将第一支柱段15A从支柱底座16吊至地面回收；最后将吊索9和伸缩吊臂8复位即可。
本发明所述吊车体积小，成本低，方便移动，可以自主行走，无需托运，不用组装，到达施工现场就可以进行吊装作业，且安装速度快、工作效率高、安全稳定性好，可适用于搭造任意高度的风力发电机主塔筒，大大降低风力发电机的搭造成本。
以上仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制另一方面通过本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构，直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理在本发明的专利保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车，包括运载车(1)和装配在运载车(1)上的吊装系统；其特征在于：所述吊装系统包括固定在运载车(1)上的支柱底座(16)、塔吊支柱(15)和能沿着塔吊支柱(15)升降的塔吊。
2.根据权利要求1所述升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车，其特征在于：所述塔吊支柱(15)由若干节支柱段上下拼接而成，其底端固定连接在支柱底座(16)上；所述支柱底座(16)与塔吊支柱(15)均为四棱柱形状，且截面相同，在支柱底座(16)的两个相对称的外侧壁上分别固定有齿条(2)，在塔吊支柱(15)的两个相对称的外侧壁上也分别固定有齿条(2)，且塔吊支柱(15)上的齿条(2)与支柱底座(16)上的齿条(2)上下对接；所述塔吊包括升降平台(3)、装配在升降平台(3)上的伸缩吊臂(8)、操作室(13)和驱动伸缩吊臂(8)升降的驱动油缸，所述升降平台(3)设有上下贯通的通孔，所述通孔内装配有升降动力机构，所述升降动力机构的动力输出端上安装有与齿条(2)相啮合的驱动齿轮(14)；所述伸缩吊臂(8)上装配有吊索(9)，所述吊索(9)的前端上固定连接有吊钩(10)；所述操作室(13)内设置有用于操控升降动力机构和驱动油缸工作的操控机构。
3.根据权利要求2所述升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车，其特征在于：所述升降平台(3)的尾部固定有吊臂支座(4)，所述伸缩吊臂(8)的尾端铰接在吊臂支座(4)上；所述吊臂支座(4)的顶部安装有吊索卷扬装置(5)，所述吊索(9)缠绕在吊索卷扬装置(5)的卷轴上。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述升降式搭造风力发电机的吊车，其特征在于：所述驱动油缸包括斜向驱动油缸(6)和竖向驱动油缸(11)，所述斜向驱动油缸(6)和竖向驱动油缸(11)的活塞杆顶端均通过销轴连接在伸缩吊臂(8)底面中部的连接座上；所述斜向驱动油缸(6)的缸体尾部铰接在升降平台(3)的固定油缸座上；所述伸缩吊臂(8)底面下部固定有用于固定竖向驱动油缸(11)缸体的油缸夹持装置(7)，所述塔吊支柱(15)的顶端上可拆卸地安装有用于插接定位竖向驱动油缸(11)缸体的活动油缸座(12)；非工作状态时，竖向驱动油缸(11)的缸体固定在油缸夹持装置(7)上，工作时，竖向驱动油缸(11)的缸体底端插接在活动油缸座(12)内。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117228552A (zh) * 2023-11-13 2023-12-15 山东三利实业有限公司 一种矿用风机安装用的吊装装置
CN117775960A (zh) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 临沂大学 一种烟气脱硫塔安装吊装设备

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117228552A (zh) * 2023-11-13 2023-12-15 山东三利实业有限公司 一种矿用风机安装用的吊装装置
CN117228552B (zh) * 2023-11-13 2024-06-21 山东三利实业有限公司 一种矿用风机安装用的吊装装置
CN117775960A (zh) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 临沂大学 一种烟气脱硫塔安装吊装设备
CN117775960B (zh) * 2024-02-28 2024-05-03 临沂大学 一种烟气脱硫塔安装吊装设备

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