CN112539952B - Soil sampling device and sampling method thereof - Google Patents

Soil sampling device and sampling method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112539952B
CN112539952B CN202011214407.6A CN202011214407A CN112539952B CN 112539952 B CN112539952 B CN 112539952B CN 202011214407 A CN202011214407 A CN 202011214407A CN 112539952 B CN112539952 B CN 112539952B
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
motor
drilling bit
sliding block
soil sampling
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CN202011214407.6A
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CN112539952A (en
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高瑾
张军武
党怡
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Zhejiang Yice Environment Technology Co ltd
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Zhejiang Yice Environment Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil sampling device which comprises a base, wherein an installation frame vertical to the base is fixedly arranged on the base, an electric sliding rail which slides vertically is arranged on the installation frame, an installation rod which is arranged horizontally is fixedly arranged on a sliding block of the electric sliding rail, a motor with a main shaft extending downwards is fixedly arranged at one end of the installation rod far away from the installation frame, and a drilling bit or a soil discharging bit or a soil sampling bit is detachably connected to the main shaft of the motor. The soil sampling device solves the problems that in the prior art, the rotation sampling is performed by pressing by hands, time and labor are wasted, and the working efficiency of soil collection is seriously affected. The invention also discloses a soil sampling method.

Description

Soil sampling device and sampling method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering test equipment, relates to a soil sampling device and also relates to a method for sampling by using the soil sampling device.
Background
When the manual earth-boring drill is used for boring, the problem of soil discharge of the drill bit is found to be troublesome, and soil bodies entering the drill bit during boring can only be drawn out by means of manual work, so that labor and time are consumed, and the test progress is seriously influenced. And traditional geotome links tubular drill bit and drilling rod and the fixed handle in drilling rod upper end as an organic whole, when gathering the soil sample, holds the handle and rotates hard, with the intraductal of soil card at the drill bit, then scrapes down required soil with thin rod, and this kind of method of gathering soil not only wastes time and energy, has destroyed undisturbed soil, seriously influences the work efficiency of soil collection. Meanwhile, with the increase of sampling depth, the difficulty of taking out the sampler is increased, even the sampler is clamped in the soil and is difficult to take out, and the soil sampler is also damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil sampling device, which solves the problems that in the prior art, the rotation sampling is performed by pressing by hands, time and labor are wasted, and the working efficiency of soil collection is seriously affected.
Another object of the invention is to disclose a soil sampling method.
The technical scheme includes that the soil sampling device comprises a base, a mounting frame perpendicular to the base is fixedly arranged on the base, an electric sliding rail which slides vertically is arranged on the mounting frame, a horizontal mounting rod is fixedly arranged on a sliding block of the electric sliding rail, a motor with a main shaft extending downwards is fixedly arranged at one end of the mounting rod, which is far away from the mounting frame, and a drilling bit or a soil discharging bit or a soil sampling bit is detachably connected to the main shaft of the motor.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the upper end of the drill bit is connected with a drill bit joint in a threaded connection mode, and the drill bit joint is connected to the lower end of the main shaft of the motor in a threaded connection mode.
The drilling bit comprises a thin-wall hollow cylinder connected with the drilling bit joint in a threaded connection mode, and the lower end of the hollow cylinder is connected with a drilling bit connected with the thin-wall hollow cylinder into a whole.
The soil discharging drill bit comprises a soil discharging rotating shaft, one end of the soil discharging rotating shaft is fixed on a main shaft of the motor in a threaded connection mode, one end of the soil discharging rotating shaft, which is far away from the motor, is provided with a spiral blade, the diameter of the spiral blade gradually decreases from top to bottom, the maximum diameter of the spiral blade is matched with the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder, and the minimum diameter of the spiral blade is half of the maximum diameter.
The soil sampling drill bit comprises a soil sampling cylinder, one end of the soil sampling cylinder is actively connected with the motor through threads, the other end of the soil sampling cylinder is provided with a soil sampling pipe boot which is integrated with the soil sampling cylinder, and the diameter of the outer wall of the soil sampling pipe boot is gradually reduced from top to bottom until the diameter is the same as the inner diameter.
A sliding groove is respectively formed in two corresponding sides of the side wall of the soil taking cylinder, a soil discharging piston is arranged in the soil taking cylinder, sliding strips are connected at positions, corresponding to the sliding grooves, of the two sides of the soil discharging piston, and a pedal which is arranged horizontally is connected after the sliding strips extend out of the corresponding sliding grooves.
The maximum distance between the two pedals is matched with the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the soil sampling method adopts the soil sampling device, and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, placing a soil sampling device at a position to be sampled, then moving a sliding block to the uppermost end of an electric sliding rail, sequentially installing a drilling bit joint and a drilling bit, then starting a motor, moving the sliding block of the electric sliding rail downwards while the motor rotates, so that the drilling bit rotates downwards to drill holes in soil, stopping moving the sliding block of the electric sliding rail downwards, stopping rotating the motor, detaching the drilling bit joint from the drilling bit and the motor, and then moving the sliding block of the electric sliding rail upwards to the uppermost end when the distance between the lowest end of the drilling bit and the depth to be sampled is the height of a soil taking barrel;
step 2, installing a soil discharging rotating shaft on a motor spindle, starting an electric slide rail and a motor, enabling a sliding block of the electric slide rail to move downwards, enabling the soil discharging rotating shaft to move downwards to the lowest end of a drilling bit during rotation, enabling the motor to rotate reversely, enabling the sliding block of the electric slide rail to move upwards to bring soil of a hollow cylinder out, continuously circulating until the hollow cylinder is clean, enabling the sliding block to stop, enabling the motor to stop, enabling the soil discharging rotating shaft to be detached from the motor, enabling the sliding block to move to the upper end of the hollow cylinder, enabling the drilling bit joint and the drilling bit to be connected in sequence, starting the sliding block and the motor, enabling the drilling bit to continue to drill downwards to the depth to be obtained, enabling the sliding block of the electric slide rail to stop moving downwards, enabling the motor to stop rotating, enabling the drilling bit joint to be detached from the drilling bit and the motor, and enabling the sliding block of the electric slide rail to move upwards to the highest end;
and 3, installing the soil sampling cylinder on a motor spindle, starting the electric slide rail and the motor, turning off the motor after the soil sampling cylinder rotates to move down to the depth to be sampled, moving a slide block of the electric slide rail upwards, and then detaching the soil sampling cylinder from the motor to finish sampling.
Before soil is taken out, the slide bar is positioned at the lowest end of the chute, the soil discharging piston moves upwards along with the soil entering of the soil taking barrel, the slide bar slides upwards in the chute to drive the pedal to move upwards, and the pedal is considered to discharge the soil in the soil taking barrel after the soil taking barrel is taken down.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention has simple structure and convenient use, adopts an electric mode to save manpower for drilling and soil sampling, is provided with the pedal for discharging soil, can use foot assistance, saves labor for inserting and taking out the soil sampler, is convenient for collecting deep soil, and has strong practicability.
(2) According to the invention, the drill bit is used for carrying out primary drilling and then discharging soil for carrying out secondary drilling, so that effective pollution isolation during soil layered sampling can be realized, and secondary pollution caused by pollutant diffusion to surrounding soil and soil in sampling depth is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soil sampling apparatus of the present invention with a drill bit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a soil sampling device with a soil discharge drill;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a soil sampling drill bit in the soil sampling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a soil sampling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a borehole structure of a soil sampling apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a soil sampling apparatus according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a base, 2, a mounting frame, 3, an electric sliding rail, 4, a sliding block, 5, a mounting rod, 6, a motor, 7, a drilling bit, 8, a soil discharging bit, 9, a soil taking bit, 10, a drilling bit joint, 11, a hollow cylinder, 12, a drilling bit, 13, a soil discharging rotating shaft, 14, a spiral blade, 15, a soil taking cylinder, 16, a soil taking pipe boot, 17, a sliding chute, 18, a soil discharging piston, 19, a sliding bar and 20, a pedal.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention discloses a soil sampling device, which is structurally shown in fig. 1, and comprises a base 1, wherein an installation frame 2 vertical to the base 1 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, an electric sliding rail 3 which slides vertically is arranged on the installation frame 2, a horizontal installation rod 5 is fixedly arranged on a sliding block 4 of the electric sliding rail 3, a motor 6 with a main shaft extending downwards is fixedly arranged at one end of the installation rod 5 far away from the installation frame 2, and a drilling bit 7 or a soil discharging bit 8 or a soil sampling bit 9 is detachably connected to the main shaft of the motor 6 as shown in fig. 2-4.
The upper end of the drill bit 7 is connected with a drill bit joint 10 in a threaded connection mode, and the drill bit joint 10 is connected to the lower end of the main shaft of the motor 6 in a threaded connection mode.
The drilling bit 7 comprises a thin-wall hollow cylinder 11 connected with a drilling bit joint 10 in a threaded connection mode, and the lower end of the hollow cylinder 11 is connected with a drilling bit 12 connected with the thin-wall hollow cylinder 11 into a whole.
The soil discharging drill bit 8 comprises a soil discharging rotating shaft 13, one end of the soil discharging rotating shaft 13 is fixed on a main shaft of the motor 6 in a threaded connection mode, one end, far away from the motor 6, of the soil discharging rotating shaft 13 is provided with a spiral blade 14, the diameter of the spiral blade 14 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the maximum diameter of the spiral blade 14 is matched with the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder 11, and the minimum diameter of the spiral blade 14 is half of the maximum diameter.
The soil sampling drill 9 comprises a soil sampling tube 15, one end of the soil sampling tube 15 is actively connected with the motor 6 through threads, the other end of the soil sampling tube 15 is provided with a soil sampling pipe boot 16 which is integrated with the soil sampling tube 15, and the diameter of the outer wall of the soil sampling pipe boot 16 is gradually reduced from top to bottom until the diameter is the same as the inner diameter.
As shown in fig. 4, two corresponding sides of the side wall of the soil sampling cylinder 15 are respectively provided with a chute 17, a soil discharging piston 18 is arranged in the soil sampling cylinder 15, sliding strips 19 are connected at positions of the chute 17 on the two corresponding sides of the soil discharging piston 18, and a pedal 20 which is arranged horizontally is connected after the sliding strips 19 extend out of the corresponding chute 17.
The maximum distance between the two pedals 20 corresponds to the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder 11.
The invention discloses a soil sampling method, which is implemented by adopting the soil sampling device and specifically comprises the following steps of:
step 1, a soil sampling device is placed at a position to be sampled, then a sliding block 4 is moved to the uppermost end of an electric sliding rail 3, a drilling bit joint 10 and a drilling bit 7 are sequentially installed, then a motor 6 is started, the sliding block 4 of the electric sliding rail 3 is moved downwards while the motor 6 rotates, so that the drilling bit 7 rotates downwards to drill holes in soil, when the distance between the lowermost end of the drilling bit 7 and the depth to be sampled is the height of a soil sampling barrel 15, as shown in fig. 5, the sliding block 4 of the electric sliding rail 3 stops moving downwards, the motor 6 stops rotating, the drilling bit joint 10 is detached from the drilling bit 7 and the motor 6, and then the sliding block 4 of the electric sliding rail 3 moves upwards to the uppermost end;
as shown in fig. 6, step 2, the soil discharging rotating shaft 13 is installed on the main shaft of the motor 6, then the electric slide rail 3 and the motor 6 are started, the sliding block 4 of the electric slide rail 3 moves downwards, the soil discharging rotating shaft 13 rotates and simultaneously moves downwards to the lowest end of the drill bit 7, then the motor 6 rotates reversely, the sliding block 4 of the electric slide rail 3 moves upwards to bring the soil of the hollow cylinder 11 out, the soil is continuously circulated until the hollow cylinder 11 is cleaned, then the sliding block 4 stops, the motor 6 stops, the soil discharging rotating shaft 13 is detached from the motor 6, then the sliding block 4 moves to the upper end of the hollow cylinder 11, after the drill bit joint 10 and the drill bit 7 are connected in sequence, the sliding block 4 and the motor 6 are started, the drill bit 7 continues to drill downwards to the soil to be removed, then the sliding block 4 of the electric slide rail 3 stops moving downwards, the motor 6 stops rotating, the drill bit joint 10 is detached from the drill bit 7 and the motor 6, and then the sliding block 4 of the electric slide rail 3 moves upwards to the highest end;
and 3, installing the soil sampling cylinder 15 on a main shaft of the motor 6, starting the electric slide rail 3 and the motor 6, turning off the motor 6 after the soil sampling cylinder 15 rotates and moves down to the depth to be sampled, moving up the slide block 4 of the electric slide rail 3, and then detaching the soil sampling cylinder 15 from the motor 6 to finish sampling.
Before soil is taken, the slide bar 19 is positioned at the lowest end of the chute 17, the soil discharging piston 18 moves upwards along with the entry of soil in the soil taking barrel 15, the slide bar 19 slides upwards in the chute 17 to drive the pedal 20 to move upwards, and the pedal 20 is considered to discharge the soil in the soil taking barrel 15 after the soil taking barrel 15 is taken down.

Claims (2)

1. The soil sampling method is characterized by comprising a soil sampling device, wherein the soil sampling device comprises a base (1), a mounting frame (2) perpendicular to the base (1) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), an electric sliding rail (3) which slides vertically is arranged on the mounting frame (2), a mounting rod (5) which is arranged horizontally is fixedly arranged on a sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3), a motor (6) with a downwards extending main shaft is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the mounting frame (2), of the mounting rod (5), and a drilling drill bit (7) or a soil discharging drill bit (8) or a soil sampling drill bit (9) is detachably connected to the main shaft of the motor (6); the upper end of the drilling bit (7) is connected with a drilling bit joint (10) in a threaded connection mode, and the drilling bit joint (10) is connected to the lower end of the main shaft of the motor (6) in a threaded connection mode; the drilling bit (7) comprises a thin-wall hollow cylinder (11) connected with the drilling bit joint (10) in a threaded connection mode, and the lower end of the hollow cylinder (11) is connected with a drilling bit (12) connected with the thin-wall hollow cylinder (11) into a whole; the soil discharging drill bit (8) comprises a soil discharging rotating shaft (13), one end of the soil discharging rotating shaft (13) is fixed on a main shaft of the motor (6) in a threaded connection mode, one end, far away from the motor (6), of the soil discharging rotating shaft (13) is provided with a spiral blade (14), the diameter of the spiral blade (14) gradually decreases from top to bottom, the maximum diameter of the spiral blade (14) is matched with the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder (11), and the minimum diameter of the spiral blade (14) is half of the maximum diameter; the soil sampling drill bit (9) comprises a soil sampling cylinder (15), one end of the soil sampling cylinder (15) is actively connected with the motor (6) through threads, a soil sampling pipe boot (16) integrated with the soil sampling cylinder (15) is arranged at the other end of the soil sampling cylinder (15), and the diameter of the outer wall of the soil sampling pipe boot (16) is gradually reduced from top to bottom until the diameter is the same as the inner diameter; a sliding groove (17) is respectively formed in two corresponding sides of the side wall of the soil taking cylinder (15), a soil discharging piston (18) is arranged in the soil taking cylinder (15), sliding strips (19) are connected to positions of the sliding grooves (17) on two corresponding sides of the soil discharging piston (18), and a pedal (20) which is arranged horizontally is connected after the sliding strips (19) extend out of the corresponding sliding grooves (17); the maximum distance between the two pedals (20) is adapted to the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder (11), in particular according to the following steps:
step 1, placing a soil sampling device at a position to be sampled, then moving a sliding block (4) to the uppermost end of an electric sliding rail (3), sequentially installing a drilling bit joint (10) and a drilling bit (7), then starting a motor (6), enabling the sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3) to move downwards while the motor (6) rotates, enabling the drilling bit (7) to rotate downwards into soil for drilling, and when the distance between the lowermost end of the drilling bit (7) and the depth to be sampled is the height of a soil sampling cylinder (15), stopping the sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3) to move downwards, stopping the motor (6) to rotate, detaching the drilling bit joint (10) from the drilling bit (7) and the motor (6), and then moving the sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3) upwards to the uppermost end;
step 2, a soil discharging rotating shaft (13) is arranged on a main shaft of a motor (6), then an electric sliding rail (3) and the motor (6) are started, a sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3) moves downwards, the soil discharging rotating shaft (13) rotates and moves downwards to the lowest end of a drilling bit (7), then the motor (6) rotates reversely, the sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3) moves upwards to bring soil of a hollow cylinder (11) out, the soil is continuously circulated until the hollow cylinder (11) is cleaned, then the sliding block (4) stops, the motor (6) stops, the soil discharging rotating shaft (13) is detached from the motor (6), then the sliding block (4) moves to the upper end of the hollow cylinder (11), after the drilling bit connector (10) and the drilling bit (7) are connected in sequence, the sliding block (4) and the motor (6) are started, the drilling bit (7) continues to drill downwards to the depth to be taken, then the sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3) stops moving downwards, the motor (6) stops rotating, and the drilling bit connector (10) is detached from the drilling bit (7) and the motor (6) to the highest end of the sliding block (4).
And 3, installing a soil sampling cylinder (15) on a main shaft of the motor (6), starting the electric sliding rail (3) and the motor (6), closing the motor (6) after the soil sampling cylinder (15) is rotated to move downwards to the depth to be sampled, moving a sliding block (4) of the electric sliding rail (3) upwards, and then detaching the soil sampling cylinder (15) from the motor (6) to finish sampling.
2. A soil sampling method according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide bar (19) is positioned at the lowest end of the chute (17) before soil is taken, the soil discharging piston (18) moves upwards along with the entry of the soil in the soil taking barrel (15), the slide bar (19) slides upwards in the chute (17) to drive the pedal (20) to move upwards, and the pedal (20) is considered to discharge the soil in the soil taking barrel (15) after the soil taking barrel (15) is taken down.
CN202011214407.6A 2020-11-04 2020-11-04 Soil sampling device and sampling method thereof Active CN112539952B (en)

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CN112539952B true CN112539952B (en) 2023-04-28

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