CN106680055B - Multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device and sample preparation method - Google Patents
Multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device and sample preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106680055B CN106680055B CN201710123349.8A CN201710123349A CN106680055B CN 106680055 B CN106680055 B CN 106680055B CN 201710123349 A CN201710123349 A CN 201710123349A CN 106680055 B CN106680055 B CN 106680055B
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a multi-functional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device, its manual from dual-purpose sample inner core surely gets device includes multi-functional base, inner core surely get cylindric flourishing soil container and its support positioner and inner core surely get the device, the inner core surely get cylindric flourishing soil container including can dismantle split formula protective cylinder and can dismantle split formula protective cylinder collet, support positioner by four support location montants and take the support horizontal pole of scale to constitute, the inner core surely gets the device and includes that the inner core surely gets cylindric drill cylinder, auger stem, twist grip and can dismantle inner core sample positioning probe; the device for cutting and forming the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical sample comprises a multifunctional base, a plurality of detachable coarse and fine cutting soil sample outer wall positioning and supporting vertical rods, a detachable cutting protection wall, a top plate, a top clamping protection plate and a detachable soil cutting jacking. The device can prepare a hollow cylinder sample for a large hollow torsional shear device, integrates the cutting function of the outer wall and the inner core and has accurate positioning in the whole experimental process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sample preparation device suitable for a torsion shear test for researching the dynamic characteristics of soil, in particular to a multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device which is suitable for coastal soft soil, mucky soil and other soil with high water content, high compressibility and easy disturbance.
Background
In recent years, with the vigorous development of urban rail transit engineering in China, a large number of research projects about the dynamic characteristics of soil bodies are driven, and soil body torsion shear test research is generally required to be carried out in the research projects. At present, the most common large-scale instruments for carrying out experiments on such projects are basically few foreign brands such as GCTS, GDS and the like, large-size samples are required to be prepared before the experiments, but the instruments are not provided with sample preparation devices. How to prepare a hollow cylindrical sample meeting the test requirements, in particular how to prepare a hollow cylindrical sample meeting the torsion shear test requirements from an undisturbed soil body under the condition of reducing the disturbance to the soil body as much as possible, becomes a troublesome problem to be solved at present. The method for preparing the hollow cylindrical sample at home and abroad is mainly divided into a mechanical coring method and an electroosmosis coring method, wherein the former is represented by the research result of the national institute of technology, and the application object is London super-consolidated clay with high strength; the latter is represented by research results of the research institute of israel science and technology, aiming at high-sensitivity soft soil with the soil sample having the natural water content reaching 80% -100% and the liquid limit approaching 90%, the method is to apply a direct current power supply anode and a direct current power supply cathode, flow water in the sample by utilizing potential drop to form lubrication action, and the water in the sample is communicated with an electrode when an outer wall and an inner core are cut, and cut the soil sample by using a tensioned wire to naturally separate soil scraps. The sample preparation method adopted at present in China is mainly a Zhejiang university method, an inner core is mechanically dug, the outer wall is firstly cut, and then a spiral drill bit is adopted to empty the soil sample from the bottom of the soil sample, namely from bottom to top.
Analysis and comparison show that the method has limitations, such as a mechanical coring method lacks a calibration means for positioning a hole center for a large-size sample, and the method is implemented in steps, so that the offset hole is easily caused by lacking of a force supporting point in the implementation process, and the disturbance on soft clay is too large; the electroosmosis coring method is not suitable for soft clay in coastal areas in China, and because the water content of a lot of soil cannot reach the preparation precondition of the method abroad, the electrified infiltration process is difficult to generate an ideal lubrication effect, and the wires for cutting the inner core are inaccurate in calibration and positioning when being prepared for larger-size and higher-size tests, and are not tensioned in place, so that sample preparation failure is finally caused; although the method for cutting the outer wall of the machine has a certain improvement, once the method for cutting the outer wall of the machine meets the size discrepancy caused by the later-stage core soil taking deflection hole, the whole sample is only required to be wasted, and meanwhile, the method for digging the soil sample from the bottom in a rotary mode also meets the problems of inaccurate positioning and the size discrepancy caused by the linear cutting deflection hole. In addition, the three methods have a common problem that the inner core cutting and the outer wall cutting of the soil sample cannot be combined into a whole, so that the soil is excessively disturbed in the process of transferring the soil sample and preparing the soil sample, and the accuracy of later test parameters is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to develop and make up the blank of the prior art, and provides a multifunctional soft clay hollow cylindrical sample preparation device which is suitable for preparing soft clay samples with high water content, high compressibility and high sensitivity along the sea, can prepare hollow cylindrical samples for main flow large-scale hollow torsional shear devices such as GCTS, GDS and the like, can realize the combination of cutting outer wall and inner core cutting functions, reduces disturbance on the soil samples as much as possible, fully considers the characteristics of the soil samples in the sample preparation process, and can perfectly realize accurate positioning of the whole experimental process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind device is made to multi-functional soft clay hollow cylinder sample, its characterized in that: the device consists of a manual-automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting device and a hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting and forming device, wherein the two sets of devices share a multifunctional base, a positioning scale and a liftable soil cutting base are attached to the multifunctional base, and a plurality of contact pins are arranged on the base; the inner core cutting device comprises a multifunctional base, an inner core cutting cylindrical soil container, a supporting and positioning device and an inner core cutting device, wherein the inner core cutting cylindrical soil container comprises a detachable split type casing and a detachable split type casing base, the detachable split type casing is arranged on the detachable split type casing base, the detachable split type casing base is connected with the multifunctional base, the supporting and positioning device consists of four supporting and positioning vertical rods and a supporting cross rod with a scale, the four supporting and positioning vertical rods are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the detachable split type casing and fixedly connected with the detachable split type casing base, the supporting and positioning cross rod with the scale is connected between two adjacent supporting and positioning vertical rods, a positioning horizontal scale is connected between two opposite supporting and positioning vertical rods, and the inner core cutting device comprises an inner core cutting cylindrical drilling cylinder with a replaceable size, a spiral drilling rod, a rotating handle and a detachable inner core sampling and positioning probe; the multifunctional base periphery of the hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting forming device is fixedly provided with a plurality of detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rods, the inner side of each of the plurality of detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rods is fixedly provided with a plurality of detachable fine cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rods, a detachable cutting protection wall is arranged between the positioning support vertical rods, the top of each of the positioning support vertical rods is connected with a top plate, the upper part and the bottom of the top plate are respectively connected with a top clamping protection plate and a detachable soil cutting jacking, the upper part of each detachable soil cutting jacking is provided with a bolt, and the lower end of each of the detachable soil cutting jacking is provided with a contact pin.
The detachable split type casing fixing buckle is arranged in the detachable split type casing.
The detachable split type protective barrel collet is connected with the multifunctional base through a protective barrel-multifunctional base fixing bolt.
The supporting and positioning vertical rods are connected with the supporting cross rod with the scale through fixing bolts.
The top plate and the top clamping guard plates, the top plate and the plurality of detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rods, and the detachable cutting guard wall and the top plate and the top clamping guard plates are all connected by adopting fixing bolts.
The sample preparation steps of the device are as follows:
(1) the obtained original soft clay large-size soil sample is lightly placed in a detachable split type casing, and is fixed by a detachable split type casing fixing buckle, and the detachable split type casing and a detachable split type casing base are fixed on a multifunctional base through a casing base-multifunctional base fixing bolt;
(2) the method comprises the steps of fixing four supporting and positioning vertical rods on a detachable split type casing collet, connecting a positioning horizontal scale between the opposite supporting and positioning vertical rods, installing a detachable inner core sampling and positioning probe on the positioning horizontal scale, carrying out central positioning and marking according to the hollow inner diameter of a test sample and the outer diameter of the sample, and taking down the detachable inner core sampling and positioning probe to be fixed at the center of a circle in a hollow to be drilled after the determination. Then the positioning horizontal scale is disassembled;
(3) the supporting cross rod of the inner core cutting sleeve is replaced and fixed with the supporting positioning vertical rod, and a proper inner core cutting cylindrical drilling barrel, a matched spiral drill rod and a matched rotating handle are selected according to the size for test and are sequentially installed; adjusting the position of the supporting cross rod to enable the lower part of the inner core cutting cylindrical drilling barrel to just contact the surface of the soil sample, fixing the supporting cross rod at the moment, adjusting the drilling barrel according to the determined inner diameter and the determined circle center of the drilling barrel and the position of the scale on the cross rod to enable the circle center of the drilling barrel to just coincide with the circle center of the inner core to be drilled determined in the last step, and finally determining whether to connect an external motor;
(4) after the installation, the inspection devices are connected with each other well, and the spiral drill rod is driven by the rotation of the matched handle to cut the inner core into cylindrical drill cylinders uniformly downwards;
(5) when the depth of the inner core of the cylindrical drilling barrel, which is drilled into an undisturbed sample each time, reaches 20mm-30mm, the rotary handle is rotated reversely, the drilling barrel is rotated out, the soil in the drilling barrel is removed, and then the drilling barrel is drilled again;
(6) stopping drilling when the accumulated depth of the core cutting cylindrical drilling barrel core exceeds 30mm of the standard height of the sample, rotating the rotary handle in the opposite direction, and screwing out the drilling barrel;
(7) after the work is finished, the manual and automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting device can be removed according to the following sequence;
(8) changing a hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting forming device, firstly installing a detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod on a multifunctional base, then rotating a lifting control button in the base, lifting a liftable soil cutting bottom support hidden in the multifunctional base, inserting the bottom support into the lower end of a soil body in a pile casing according to positioning, just pricking and firmly holding the soil body by a needle on the bottom support, then adjusting a detachable soil cutting positioning jacking so that a needle at the lower end of the jacking just firmly holds the upper end of the soil body in the pile casing and accurately positions, screwing a bolt at the upper part of the positioning jacking upwards from below through a top plate and a top clamping guard plate, fixing the top clamping guard plate, the top plate and the detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod, loosening a detachable split pile casing fixing buckle at the moment, removing the detachable split pile casing, and cutting the outer wall of the original hollow sample along the detachable cutting outer wall positioning support vertical rod by a steel wire saw to ensure that the size of the soil sample accords with the maximum peripheral size of an accurate cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support rod;
(9) ensuring that the soil cutting bottom support, the hollow soil sample and the top support are positioned unchanged, lightly loosening the bolt on the upper part of the top support, taking the top plate and the top clamping guard plate, reinserting the detachable accurate soil sample cutting outer wall positioning support rod and the detachable cutting guard wall used for protecting the soil sample and matched with the positioning support rod, replacing the fixed top plate and the top clamping guard plate, repeating the previous fixing steps, ensuring that the top plate and the detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod, the detachable cutting guard wall, the top clamping guard plate, the positioning top support and the like are mutually fixed tightly, at the moment, continuously cutting the outer wall of the undisturbed hollow soil sample along the accurate soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod by using a steel wire saw, and after the outer wall size meets the test requirement size, carrying out light treatment on the outer wall by using a scraper, and then carrying out subsequent tests by using the sample loading device of the hollow torsion shear apparatus.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention can be matched with the instruments of main stream hollow torsional shear instrument manufacturers such as GCTS, GDS and the like for preparing samples of hollow torsional shear cylindrical samples with special sizes and large sizes of the manufacturers, and solves the problem of preparing samples.
2. The invention improves the problems of lack of positioning and easy deviation of holes in the prior sample preparation, realizes accurate positioning in both the inner core cutting process and the outer wall cutting process, ensures that the soil core taking process of the drill rod for directly advancing the soil sample can be perfectly positioned, and avoids the problem of sampling failure caused by deviation of holes in the direct advancing engineering.
3. The drilling inner core engineering adopts the rotary casing sampling method, so that a great deal of disturbance and damage of mechanical sampling to soil samples are avoided.
4. The detachable split type casing and the matched device are adopted, so that the problem that the large-size undisturbed soil hollow cylindrical sample is easy to collapse in the preparation process is solved, the soft clay undisturbed hollow cylindrical sample in coastal areas in China can be successfully prepared, the soil squeezing effect is small in the preparation process, the economic cost of equipment is low, the operation is convenient and quick, and the grasping is easy.
5. According to the invention, the inner core cutting soil sampling device and the outer wall cutting soil sampling device are combined into a whole, so that secondary disturbance and collapse of a soil sample in the transferring and mounting process are avoided, and the accuracy of subsequent test data is facilitated.
6. The inner core cutting device can be manually and automatically integrated, can be used for manually propelling the hollow cylindrical drilling cylinder and the drill rod, can be externally connected with a motor and can be electrically propelled, and the inner core cutting device is convenient for different people to use.
7. According to the invention, the manual and automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting device and the hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting forming device share a multifunctional base, and the soft clay hollow cylindrical sample preparation can be realized by replacing the inner core cutting sleeve and the outer wall cutting corresponding supporting positioning rod matching device. Before outer wall soil sample cuts, can be with hiding the liftable of multi-functional base and cut the soil collet and rise for the soil sample all need not to remove the soil sample and cause the disturbance when carrying out inner core and outer wall cutting, only need change the supporting device of cutting outside the soil sample can, convenient high efficiency.
8. The invention can adopt manual and automatic modes in the force application process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a manual and automatic dual-purpose sample core cutting device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the core cut cylindrical soil container and its supporting and positioning device;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting and forming device.
The numbering in the figures is as follows: 1. a multifunctional base; 2. positioning a scale in the base; 3. a soil cutting bottom support can be lifted in the base; 4. a lifting control knob; 5. a detachable split type casing; 6. split type casing bottom support; 7. pile casing collet-multifunctional base fixing bolt; 8. supporting and positioning vertical rods; 9. the positioning horizontal scale is connected with the supporting and positioning vertical rod through a fixing bolt; 10. the support cross rod and the support positioning vertical rod are connected by a fixing bolt; 11. detachable split type protective cylinder fixing buckle; 12. positioning a horizontal scale; 13. the inner core sampling positioning probe can be disassembled; 14. a support rail with a scale; 15. cutting an inner core with replaceable size into a cylindrical drilling barrel; 16. a auger stem; 17. rotating the handle; 18. the external motor can realize automatic drilling of the inner core of the spiral drill rod; 19. positioning and supporting vertical rods for the outer wall of the detachable rough cutting soil sample; 20. the positioning support rod can be detached for accurately cutting the outer wall of the soil sample; 21. the detachable cutting protection wall is used for protecting soil samples and matched with the positioning support rods; 22. detachable soil cutting positioning jacking; 23. a top clamping guard plate; 24. a top plate for fixing each support vertical rod; 25. a fixing bolt; 26. the top plate and the detachable cutting protection wall are positioned and supported by the vertical rod fixing bolts; 27. bolts for fixing the detachable cutting protection wall, the top clamping protection plate and the top plate; 28. the sample inner core is fixed on the cylinder.
Detailed Description
A multifunctional soft clay hollow cylindrical sample preparation device is composed of a manual-automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting device and a hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting and forming device, wherein the two sets of devices share a multifunctional base 1, a positioning scale 2 and a liftable soil cutting base 3 are attached to the multifunctional base, and a plurality of contact pins are arranged on the base.
The manual-automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting device comprises a multifunctional base, an inner core cutting cylindrical soil container, a supporting and positioning device and an inner core cutting device. The inner core cutting cylindrical soil container comprises a detachable split type casing 5 and a detachable split type casing collet 6, the detachable split type casing is arranged on the detachable split type casing collet, and the detachable split type casing collet is connected with the multifunctional base through a casing-multifunctional base fixing bolt 7; the supporting and positioning device comprises four supporting and positioning vertical rods 8 and a supporting cross rod 14 with a scale, wherein the four supporting and positioning vertical rods are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the detachable split type casing and fixedly connected with the detachable split type casing base, the two adjacent supporting and positioning vertical rods are connected with the supporting and positioning cross rod 14 with the scale through a fixing bolt 10, the two opposite supporting and positioning vertical rods are connected with a positioning horizontal scale 12 through a fixing bolt 9, and the inner core cutting device comprises an inner core cutting cylindrical drilling cylinder 15 with a replaceable size, a spiral drill rod 16, a rotating handle 17 and a detachable inner core sampling positioning probe 13. The detachable split type casing fixing buckle 11 is arranged in the detachable split type casing.
The periphery of a multifunctional base 1 of the hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting and forming device is fixedly provided with a plurality of detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning and supporting vertical rods 19, the inner sides of the plurality of detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning and supporting vertical rods are fixedly provided with a plurality of detachable fine cutting soil sample outer wall positioning and supporting vertical rods 20, a detachable cutting protection wall 21 is arranged between the positioning and supporting vertical rods, the top of the positioning and supporting vertical rods is connected with a top plate 24, the upper part and the bottom of the top plate are respectively connected with a top clamping protection plate 23 and a detachable soil cutting jacking 22, the upper part of the detachable soil cutting jacking 22 is provided with mounting bolts, and the lower end of the detachable soil cutting jacking 22 is provided with a contact pin. The detachable cutting retaining wall is used for protecting soil samples and is matched with the positioning support vertical rods. The top plate is connected with the top clamping guard plate through fixing bolts 25, the top plate is connected with a plurality of detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rods through fixing bolts 26, and the detachable cutting guard wall is connected with the top plate and the top clamping guard plate through fixing bolts 27.
The implementation process of the device is as follows:
(1) The method comprises the steps of cutting a cylindrical soil container from a dual-purpose sample inner core, uniformly coating vaseline on the inner wall of a detachable split type casing 5, taking out an undisturbed soft clay large-size soil sample (250 mm or 170 mm) obtained by adopting a special-size core barrel from a sample wrapping skin, lightly placing the soil sample in the casing 5 in a light pushing and sliding manner, fixing the soil sample in the casing 5 by using a detachable split type casing fixing buckle 11, and fixing the casing 5 and a split type casing bottom support 6 on a multifunctional base 1 through a casing bottom support-multifunctional base fixing bolt 7, wherein the soil sample is completely protected in the casing 5.
(2) The supporting and positioning vertical rods 8 are vertically arranged in corresponding jacks of the pile casing bottom support 6 and are fixed. The positioning horizontal scale 12 is fixed at the proper position of the positioning vertical rod 8 by using a matched positioning horizontal scale and a supporting positioning rod through a bolt 9, the detachable inner core sampling positioning probe 13 is installed, the center positioning mark is reserved according to the hollow inner diameter of the test sample and the outer diameter size of the sample, and the detachable inner core sampling positioning probe 13 is taken down and fixed at the center of the hollow inner diameter to be drilled after the center positioning mark is determined. Then the horizontal scale 12 and the fixing bolt 9 of the positioning rod are disassembled, and the positioning horizontal scale 12 is taken away.
(3) The inner core cutting sleeve supporting cross rod 14 is replaced and fixed by the corresponding cross rod and the bolt 10 for fixing the supporting and positioning vertical rod, and the cylindrical drilling barrel 15, the spiral drill rod 16 and the rotating handle 17 are sequentially installed by selecting a proper inner core according to the test size. The support rail 14 is set in position so that the lower portion of the drill cylinder 15 is just in contact with the soil sample surface, at which time the two-end bolts 10 are secured. According to the previous step, the inner diameter and the circle center of the drill core are determined, the drill cylinder 15 is adjusted according to the scale position on the supporting cross rod 14, and the circle center of the drill cylinder 15 is exactly coincident with the circle center of the inner core to be drilled determined in the previous step. The determination at this time is based on either manual or automatic determination as to whether the external motor 18 is connected. If the drill pipe needs to be automatically pressed down, the power of the external motor 18 needs to be connected, otherwise, the external motor 18 does not need to be connected.
(4) After the installation, the inspection devices are well connected with each other, and then the interior of the cylindrical drilling barrel 15 is uniformly brushed once by using engine oil, so that the resistance of soil is reduced in the core drilling process. Note here that the oil is much better than petrolatum. The matched handle 17 is manually rotated, the spiral drill rod 16 is determined to drive the cylindrical drill barrel 15 to uniformly downwards, the drill barrel 15 rotates downwards, and the soil resistance is greatly reduced due to the fact that engine oil is smeared, and core coring and drilling operations of the sample inner core can be smoothly carried out.
(5) When the depth of the inner core of the original sample drilled into the inner core cutting drill cylinder 15 reaches 20mm-30mm, the rotary handle 17 is rotated reversely, the drill cylinder 15 is rotated out, the soil in the drill cylinder 15 is removed, and then the drill cylinder is re-drilled. In this process, all devices are fixed according to the previous positioning and have fixed references between them, and the positions of the fixed references and the soil sample are not changed, so that the drilling barrel 15 is drilled into the original sample again to continue the vertical position operation, and the problem of deviation of holes does not occur.
(6) When the accumulated depth of coring of the drilling barrel 15 exceeds 30mm of the standard height of the sample, the drilling is stopped, the rotary handle 17 is rotated reversely, the drilling barrel 15 is rotated out, meanwhile, the inner core fixing barrel 28 with the front surface full of engine oil is rapidly inserted into the hollow part of the soil sample inner core supporting soil sample which is already drilled and does not collapse, and then the soil body in the drilling barrel 15 is removed.
(7) After the above work is completed, the device for cutting the hollow cylinder sample by removing the inner core according to the following sequence: the inner core cutting cylindrical drilling barrel 15, the matched spiral drill rod 16, the rotating handle 17, the inner core cutting sleeve supporting cross rod 14, the corresponding cross rod and vertical rod fixing bolt 10, the supporting and positioning vertical rod 8, the dismounting casing base 6, the split casing base and the multifunctional base fixing bolt 7 and the inner core sampling and positioning probe 13. Note that removal of split casing shoe 6 is particularly important not to disturb the soil sample within casing 5.
(8) The outer wall cutting and forming device for the hollow cylinder sample is replaced, and the multifunctional base 1 is shared by the outer wall cutting and forming device and the multifunctional soft clay manual-automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting and forming device, so that the base 1 does not need to be replaced. Firstly, the detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod 19 is inserted into a corresponding position, and then the lifting control button 4 is rotated to lift the liftable soil cutting base 3 hidden in the multifunctional base 1. Because the base 1 is provided with the scale positioning 2, the soil cutting bottom support 3 is inserted into the lower end of the soil body in the pile casing 5 according to the positioning, so that the needle on the bottom support 3 just pierces into and holds the soil body, and the later rotary outer wall soil cutting process is convenient, and the soil sample cannot be disturbed or moved. Then, the detachable soil cutting positioning jacking 22 is adjusted, so that the needle at the lower end of the jacking 22 just firmly grasps the upper end of the soil body in the pile casing 5, and the positioning is accurate; the upper bolts of the positioning jacking 22 pass through the top plate 24 of the device for fixing the supporting vertical rods and the top clamping guard plate 23 from bottom to top and are screwed. The top clamping guard plate 23 and the device top plate 24 for fixing the supporting vertical rods are fixed by the top clamping guard plate and the device top plate by fixing bolts 25, and the device top plate 24 and the rough cut soil sample outer wall positioning supporting vertical rods 19 are fixed by corresponding fixing bolts 26. At this time, the retaining clip 11 is released, the split type retaining tube 5 is removed, and the taking process is to pay attention to slightly push and take each split of the split type retaining tube 5 along the soil sample direction. And (3) carrying out outer wall cutting on the undisturbed hollow sample along the rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod 19 by using a wire saw, so as to ensure that the soil sample size preliminarily accords with the maximum peripheral size of the accurate cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support rod.
(9) Ensuring that the soil cutting bottom support 3, the hollow soil sample and the top support positioning 22 are unchanged, slightly loosening bolts on the upper part of the top support 22, taking off a device top plate 24 and a top clamping guard plate 23 for fixing all the support vertical rods, reinserting a detachable accurate cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support rod 20 and a detachable cutting guard wall 21 for protecting the soil sample and being matched with the positioning support rod, putting back the device top plate 24 and the top clamping guard plate 23 for fixing all the support vertical rods again, repeating the previous fixing steps, and ensuring that the device top plate 24 and the accurate cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rods 20, the fixed cutting guard wall 21, the top clamping guard plate 23, the positioning top support 22 and the like are mutually fixed tightly. At this time, the steel wire saw is used for accurately cutting the outer wall of the soil sample to position the supporting vertical rod 20, the outer wall of the undisturbed hollow soil sample is cut continuously, and after the outer wall size meets the test requirement size, the outer wall is subjected to polishing treatment by using a scraper, so that the test data cannot be influenced by the outer wall resistance in the test process. Subsequent tests can then be carried out using the sample loading device of the hollow torsion shear apparatus.
Claims (5)
1. A sample preparation method based on a multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the sample preparation method is suitable for a multifunctional soft clay hollow cylindrical sample preparation device, the device consists of a manual-automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting device and a hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting and forming device, the two sets of devices share a multifunctional base, a positioning scale and a liftable soil cutting collet are attached in the multifunctional base, and a plurality of contact pins are arranged on the collet; the inner core cutting device comprises a multifunctional base, an inner core cutting cylindrical soil container, a supporting and positioning device and an inner core cutting device, wherein the inner core cutting cylindrical soil container comprises a detachable split type casing and a detachable split type casing base, the detachable split type casing is arranged on the detachable split type casing base, the detachable split type casing base is connected with the multifunctional base, the supporting and positioning device consists of four supporting and positioning vertical rods and a supporting cross rod with a scale, the four supporting and positioning vertical rods are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the detachable split type casing and fixedly connected with the detachable split type casing base, the supporting and positioning cross rod with the scale is connected between two adjacent supporting and positioning vertical rods, a positioning horizontal scale is connected between two opposite supporting and positioning vertical rods, and the inner core cutting device comprises an inner core cutting cylindrical drilling cylinder with a replaceable size, a spiral drilling rod, a rotating handle and a detachable inner core sampling and positioning probe; the utility model provides a hollow cylinder sample outer wall cutting forming device's multi-functional base periphery solid dress many can dismantle rough cut soil sample outer wall location support montant, many can dismantle rough cut soil sample outer wall location support montant inboard solid dress many can dismantle fine cut soil sample outer wall location support montant, install between these location support montants and can dismantle the cutting dado, the roof is connected at the top of these location support montants, top screens backplate and can dismantle the soil jacking of cutting are connected respectively to the upper portion and the bottom of roof, can dismantle the upper portion mounting bolt of soil jacking of cutting, the lower extreme system has the contact pin, sample preparation method based on the device includes the following steps:
(1) the obtained original soft clay large-size soil sample is lightly placed in a detachable split type casing, and is fixed by a detachable split type casing fixing buckle, and the detachable split type casing and a detachable split type casing base are fixed on a multifunctional base through a casing base-multifunctional base fixing bolt;
(2) the method comprises the steps of fixedly and vertically arranging four supporting and positioning vertical rods on a detachable split type casing collet, connecting a positioning horizontal scale between the opposite supporting and positioning vertical rods, installing a detachable inner core sampling and positioning probe on the positioning horizontal scale, carrying out central positioning and marking according to the hollow inner diameter of a test sample and the outer diameter of the sample, taking down and fixing the detachable inner core sampling and positioning probe at the center of a hollow inner channel needing to be drilled after the positioning is confirmed, and then disassembling the positioning horizontal scale;
(3) the supporting cross rod of the inner core cutting sleeve is replaced and fixed with the supporting positioning vertical rod, and a proper inner core cutting cylindrical drilling barrel, a matched spiral drill rod and a matched rotating handle are selected according to the size for test and are sequentially installed; adjusting the position of the supporting cross rod to enable the lower part of the inner core cutting cylindrical drilling barrel to just contact the surface of the soil sample, fixing the supporting cross rod at the moment, adjusting the drilling barrel according to the determined inner diameter and the determined circle center of the drilling barrel and the position of the scale on the cross rod to enable the circle center of the drilling barrel to just coincide with the circle center of the inner core to be drilled determined in the last step, and finally determining whether to connect an external motor;
(4) after the installation, the inspection devices are connected with each other well, and the spiral drill rod is driven by the rotation of the matched handle to cut the inner core into cylindrical drill cylinders uniformly downwards;
(5) when the depth of the inner core of the cylindrical drilling barrel, which is drilled into an undisturbed sample each time, reaches 20mm-30mm, the rotary handle is rotated reversely, the drilling barrel is rotated out, the soil in the drilling barrel is removed, and then the drilling barrel is drilled again;
(6) stopping drilling when the accumulated depth of the core cutting cylindrical drilling barrel core exceeds 30mm of the standard height of the sample, rotating the rotary handle in the opposite direction, and screwing out the drilling barrel;
(7) after the work is finished, the manual and automatic dual-purpose sample inner core cutting device can be removed according to the following sequence;
(8) changing a hollow cylindrical sample outer wall cutting forming device, firstly installing a detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod on a multifunctional base, then rotating a lifting control button in the base, lifting a liftable soil cutting bottom support hidden in the multifunctional base, inserting the bottom support into the lower end of a soil body in a pile casing according to positioning, just pricking and firmly holding the soil body by a needle on the bottom support, then adjusting a detachable soil cutting positioning jacking so that a needle at the lower end of the jacking just firmly holds the upper end of the soil body in the pile casing and accurately positions, screwing a bolt at the upper part of the positioning jacking upwards from below through a top plate and a top clamping guard plate, fixing the top clamping guard plate, the top plate and the detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod, loosening a detachable split pile casing fixing buckle at the moment, removing the detachable split pile casing, and cutting the outer wall of the original hollow sample along the detachable cutting outer wall positioning support vertical rod by a steel wire saw to ensure that the size of the soil sample accords with the maximum peripheral size of an accurate cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support rod;
(9) ensuring that the soil cutting bottom support, the hollow soil sample and the top support are positioned unchanged, lightly loosening the bolt on the upper part of the top support, taking the top plate and the top clamping guard plate, reinserting the detachable accurate soil sample cutting outer wall positioning support rod and the detachable cutting guard wall used for protecting the soil sample and matched with the positioning support rod, replacing the fixed top plate and the top clamping guard plate, repeating the previous fixing steps, ensuring that the top plate and the detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod, the detachable cutting guard wall, the top clamping guard plate, the positioning top support and the like are mutually fixed tightly, at the moment, continuously cutting the outer wall of the undisturbed hollow soil sample along the accurate soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rod by using a steel wire saw, and after the outer wall size meets the test requirement size, carrying out light treatment on the outer wall by using a scraper, and then carrying out subsequent tests by using the sample loading device of the hollow torsion shear apparatus.
2. The sample preparation method based on the multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the sample preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the detachable split type casing fixing buckle is arranged in the detachable split type casing.
3. The sample preparation method based on the multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the sample preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the detachable split type protective barrel collet is connected with the multifunctional base through a protective barrel-multifunctional base fixing bolt.
4. The sample preparation method based on the multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the sample preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the supporting and positioning vertical rods are connected with the supporting cross rod with the scale through fixing bolts.
5. The sample preparation method based on the multifunctional soft clay hollow cylinder sample preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the sample preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the top plate and the top clamping guard plates, the top plate and the plurality of detachable rough cutting soil sample outer wall positioning support vertical rods, and the detachable cutting guard wall and the top plate and the top clamping guard plates are all connected by adopting fixing bolts.
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| CN107063805B (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2020-04-21 | 河海大学 | Outer wall cutting device for soft clay hollow cylindrical sample and using method thereof |
| CN109883758A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-14 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of quick coring device of test soft rock rock sample |
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