CN106441984B - Electric soil sampler and method - Google Patents
Electric soil sampler and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106441984B CN106441984B CN201610850665.0A CN201610850665A CN106441984B CN 106441984 B CN106441984 B CN 106441984B CN 201610850665 A CN201610850665 A CN 201610850665A CN 106441984 B CN106441984 B CN 106441984B
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- soil
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- drill bit
- soil cabin
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric soil sampler and a method, wherein the electric soil sampler comprises a base, a motor, a soil cabin and a drill bit, a guide sliding rod is vertically arranged on the base, the motor can slide up and down along the guide sliding rod, the output end of the motor is connected with the soil cabin, the bottom of the soil cabin is connected with the drill bit, a spiral soil discharging strip is arranged outside the soil cabin, the soil cabin comprises two semicircular shells, the two shells are connected through a hinge along the axial direction, so that the soil cabin can be opened along the axial direction, and a plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed in the bottom of the drill bit along the circumferential direction. The soil cabin is an openable soil cabin, and can be opened to directly take out soil samples after the soil sampling operation is completed, so that the soil cabin is simpler than the traditional device, and the properties of undisturbed soil can be reserved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to an electric soil sampler and a method.
Background
In the process of investigation, research and construction of civil engineering, the method has important significance in understanding and grasping the physical and mechanical properties of the soil body. When the indoor test of the soil body is carried out, firstly, sampling is carried out, so that the accuracy of a test result is determined by the quality of the sampling, and the investigation and research construction of the whole engineering are also influenced significantly. And particularly important in the sampling process is the disturbance degree of the soil sample so as to ensure that the test can truly reflect the properties of the soil layer. The structure and the type of the soil sampler are one of the main factors influencing the soil sampling quality, and the basic requirement on the soil sampler is that the sampled soil sample is not disturbed or is less disturbed as much as possible; the soil sample can be smoothly cut into the soil layer and taken out; simple structure and convenient use.
The traditional soil sampling device mainly adopts a manual pressing-in method and a hammering-in method for soil sampling, and although the instrument is light and handy, the instrument is convenient to carry and carry, and is convenient for field exploration sampling, the traditional soil sampling device mainly adopts manpower for drilling and soil sampling, consumes very physical and material resources and has very low efficiency, and particularly for hard plastic silt, clay and silty clay, the traditional method is not easy to drill into soil, even if the traditional method can be used for forcibly drilling, the obtained soil sample is often disturbed too much and cannot accurately reflect soil parameters; moreover, the soil cabin where the collected soil sample is located is totally closed, the soil sample is not easy to take out, and the soil sample can be damaged if the soil sample is taken out by a little careless in the process.
At present, in the domestic market, when a sample is obtained for a soil physical and mechanical property experiment, a portable and efficient soil sampling device is lacked, especially for obtaining hard plastic silt, clay, silt clay and silt soil samples.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an electric soil sampler device and a method, the device is simple to operate and good in soil sampling effect, and the device can achieve the purposes of quickly and efficiently acquiring soil samples and ensuring that the original soil properties are not destroyed as much as possible by utilizing a quick screwing drill bit, a timely soil discharging structure and a detachable soil cabin structure, and particularly has more outstanding effect on the condition that soil is harder; meanwhile, the drill bit model can be correspondingly processed and assembled according to the sample specification required by the test, so that complicated processing work of the soil sample in the later-stage indoor test is greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an electronic geotome, includes a base, motor, soil cabin and drill bit the base on vertical be equipped with a direction slide bar, the motor can slide from top to bottom along the direction slide bar, the output of motor is connected soil cabin the outside of soil cabin be equipped with spiral row's soil strip, just soil cabin include two semicircular shell, and link to each other through the hinge along axial direction one end between two shells, the other end passes through bolt swing joint for soil cabin can open at axial direction soil cabin bottom connect the drill bit, the bottom of drill bit is equipped with a plurality of V-arrangement slot along the circumferencial direction.
Further, a saw-tooth guide rail is arranged on the guide slide bar, the motor is connected with the saw-tooth guide rail through a clamping groove, a control rod matched with the saw-tooth guide rail is fixed on the side face of the motor, and the motor is driven by the control rod to move up and down along the saw-tooth guide rail, so that the motor, the soil cabin and the drill bit can move up and down.
Further, the control rod comprises a transverse rod and a longitudinal rod which penetrates through the end part of the transverse rod and is perpendicular to the transverse rod, and threads matched with the sawtooth guide rail are arranged on the transverse rod; the movement of the transverse bar along the saw-tooth guide rail is achieved by rotating the longitudinal bar.
Furthermore, two ends of the transverse rod are fixed on the side face of the motor, and a lubricating oil hole is formed in the transverse rod.
Further, the soil cabin is connected with the motor through a sleeve, and the top of the soil cabin is sealed by the sleeve, so that soil body enters the soil cabin from below.
Further, the plurality of V-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill bit.
An operating method using the above device, comprising the steps of:
(1) Selecting a drill bit and a soil cabin with corresponding specifications, assembling the drill bit and the soil cabin with a sleeve, installing the drill bit and the soil cabin on a motor, completing the installation of the whole equipment, switching on a power supply, starting a motor switch for debugging, and checking whether the drill bit rotates normally;
(2) Closing a power switch, searching a proper sampling point, and finishing preliminary leveling of the surface of the sampling point by using a spade, so that the soil sampler base can be stably placed and fixed;
(3) Stabilizing the soil sampler on the ground surface of a sampling point by using a fixing bolt, rotating a control rod to enable the position of a drill bit to be close to the ground surface, and then starting a motor switch;
(4) In the process that the motor works and the electric drill bit and the soil cabin rotate, the control rod is rotated clockwise to enable the soil cabin to slowly drill downwards until the whole soil cabin enters the ground surface;
(5) Closing a motor switch, slowly rotating a control rod anticlockwise to drive the soil cabin to move upwards, detaching the soil cabin from the motor after the soil cabin is safely moved out of the ground surface, then detaching the sleeve and the cutter head, horizontally placing the soil cabin and a stable and clean place, and opening the soil cabin from a splicing seam around a hinge to obtain a complete soil sample;
(6) The soil samples with other specifications are obtained by replacing soil cabins and drill bits with corresponding specifications, and the steps are repeated.
The soil cabin is a storage device for soil samples, the outer side of the soil cabin is provided with spiral soil discharging strips, and the spiral soil discharging strips are matched with V-shaped grooves at the drill bit to achieve the purpose of discharging crushed soil. The invention has the important innovation that the soil cabin can be opened along the axial direction, two-fold hinges (commonly called hinges) are arranged along the axial direction of the soil cabin, and after the sampling work is completed, the soil cabin can be opened by detaching the drill bit and the sleeve connecting the soil cabin and the motor, so that the soil sample can be conveniently taken out. The combination of the soil cabin and the motor is connected into a whole through the guide sliding rod and the base.
The saw-tooth guide rail is arranged above the guide slide bar, so that the motor and the soil cabin can reciprocate along the vertical direction under the control of the control rod, and soil sampling operation can be performed.
The motor is a power device of the soil sampler, and soil mass is cut at the drill bit through torque output. The motor model is Y90S-2, and the rated power is 1.5kW.
The control rod is combined with the saw-tooth guide rail, the position of the drill bit is adjusted in the vertical direction in cooperation with the rotation of the motor, and the soil sample collection work is completed.
The base is the basic part of the soil sampler and plays a role of a fixing device, and the device is fixed on the upper empty surface of the soil sample to be sampled through bolts at four corners of the base during sampling.
The drill bit is a drill bit with V-shaped grooves, and can discharge the crushed soil body when the soil body is cut, so that the drill bit can conveniently go deep to finish soil sample collection work.
The soil cabin is a storage device of soil samples, a spiral soil discharging strip is arranged on the outer side of the soil cabin, and the spiral soil discharging strip is matched with the V-shaped groove at the drill bit to discharge crushed soil. The invention has the important innovation that the soil cabin can be opened along the axial direction, two-fold hinges (commonly called hinges) are arranged along the axial direction of the soil cabin, and after the sampling work is completed, the soil cabin can be opened by detaching the drill bit and the sleeve connecting the soil cabin and the motor, so that the soil sample can be conveniently taken out.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
according to the invention, torque output by a motor is used as main soil sampling operation power, the soil body is crushed at the periphery of the drill bit under the cutting, along with a groove at the drill bit and a spiral soil discharging strip at the outer side of a soil cabin, the drill bit and the soil cabin are rotated to enter into the deep part of the soil body to finish soil sampling operation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the motor provides the required torque of sample for the main power device of this geotome, and on-the-spot personnel only need operate the control lever with getting drill bit and soil cabin part reciprocates and can accomplish the collection work of soil sample, compares traditional geotome operation more lightly.
2. The soil cabin is an openable soil cabin, and can be opened to directly take out soil samples after the soil sampling operation is completed, so that the soil cabin is simpler than the traditional device, and the properties of undisturbed soil can be reserved.
3. Aiming at the condition of harder soil, the invention has obvious advantages compared with the traditional soil sampler.
4. According to the invention, according to the different sizes of the selected drill bit and the soil cabin, test pieces with different specifications can be collected, so that more geotechnical tests can be conveniently carried out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a guide slide bar of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electric motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of a sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a main body of the earth bin of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a hinge of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a drill bit of the present invention;
wherein, 1-1 parts of base, 1-2 parts of guide slide bar, 1-3 parts of motor, 1-4 parts of longitudinal bar, 1-5 parts of sleeve head, 1-6 parts of soil cabin, 1-7 parts of hinge and 1-8 parts of drill bit; 2-1 parts of fixing bolts, 2-2 parts of guide slide bar clamping grooves, 2-3 parts of bottom plates; 3-1, a sawtooth guide rail, 3-2 and a fixed nut; 4-1, a clamping groove, 4-2, a transverse rod, 4-3, a longitudinal rod perforation, 4-4 lubrication oil holes, 4-5 motor main bodies and 4-6 motor rotating shafts; 5-1 parts of sleeve joint holes, 5-2 parts of sleeve joints, 5-3 parts of sleeve joint and sleeve outer walls; 6-1, spiral soil discharging strips, 6-2, hinge windows, 6-3, bolt holes, 6-4 and assembly joints; 7-1, hinge bolt holes, 7-2, hinge rotating shafts, 7-3 and leaves; 8-1, cutter head teeth, 8-2, V-shaped grooves, 8-3 and fixing bolt holes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in the figure, the device is an electric soil sampling device and comprises a base 1-1, a guide slide bar 1-2, a motor 1-3, a soil cabin 1-6 and other main body parts.
A guide slide bar 1-2 is vertically arranged on the base 1-1, the motor 1-3 can slide up and down along the guide slide bar, the output end of the motor 1-3 is connected with the soil cabin 1-6, a spiral soil discharging strip is arranged outside the soil cabin, the soil cabin comprises two semicircular shells, one ends of the two shells along the axial direction are connected through a hinge 1-7, the other ends of the two shells are movably connected through bolts, and an assembling seam 6-4 between the two shells is shown as the figure; the soil cabin 1-6 can be opened in the axial direction, the bottom of the soil cabin 1-6 is connected with the drill bit, and a plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed in the bottom of the drill bit 1-8 along the circumferential direction.
Specific: four corners of the base 1-1 are provided with fixing bolts 2-1, after the base bottom plate 2-3 is tightly attached to the soil surface, the device is fixed with the soil surface through the fixing bolts 2-1, soil sampling failure caused by unstable device in the soil sampling process is prevented, and the clamping groove 2-2 is used for connecting the base 1-1 and the guide sliding rod 1-2, so that the base bottom plate 2-3 is integrated.
The saw-tooth guide rail 3-1 is arranged on the guide slide bar 1-2, the motor 1-3 and the soil cabin 1-6 can be controlled to do vertical reciprocating motion along the guide rail 3-1, and three fixing nuts 3-2 are arranged below the guide slide bar and are connected with the clamping groove 2-2 of the base 1-1 through the fixing nuts.
The motor is connected with a clamping groove 4-1, and the motor 1-3 is connected with the guide slide bar 1-2 through the clamping groove 4-1 and vertically reciprocates along the guide slide bar 1-2 through the clamping groove 4-1. The clamping groove 4-1 is provided with a transverse rod 4-2 and a longitudinal rod perforation 4-3, and lubricating oil can be added through the lubricating oil hole 4-4 to reduce friction resistance during reciprocating motion.
The control rod 1-4 comprises a transverse rod 4-2 and a longitudinal rod 1-4 which penetrates through the end part of the transverse rod and is perpendicular to the transverse rod, and threads matched with the saw-tooth guide rail are arranged on the transverse rod 4-2; the movement of the transverse bar along the saw-tooth guide rail is achieved by rotating the longitudinal bar. The diameter of the longitudinal rod 1-4 is smaller than that of the longitudinal rod through hole 4-3, and two ends of the longitudinal rod are provided with two balls with slightly larger diameters, so that the longitudinal rod 1-4 is prevented from falling off.
The motor is a motor with the model number of 4-4 being Y90S-2 and the rated power being 1.5kW.
The soil cabin 1-6 is a half-open soil cabin and consists of a sleeve head 1-5, a soil cabin main body 1-6 and a drill bit 1-8, wherein the sleeve head 1-5, the soil cabin main body 1-6 and the drill bit 1-8 are connected and fastened through a bolt hole 6-3 reserved on the soil cabin main body, and a hinge 1-7 is axially arranged on the soil cabin to facilitate the opening and closing of the soil cabin. The sleeve head 1-5, the soil cabin body 1-6 and the drill bit 1-8 have different size patterns, and can be selected according to the specification of the soil sample to be sampled in actual test.
The upper part 5-1 of the sleeve head 1-5 is connected with the sleeve head clamping groove 4-5, and the inside of the clamping groove 4-5 is connected with the motor 1-3 to drive the whole soil cabin 1-6 to perform soil sampling operation.
The outside of the soil cabin main body is provided with the spiral soil discharging strips 6-1, and broken soil generated in the soil taking process can be discharged through the spiral soil discharging strips 6-1 so as to prevent soil accumulation from interfering with the soil taking work, and meanwhile, the broken soil can be prevented from extruding soil samples in the soil cabin.
The outside of the main body of the soil bin is provided with a bolt hole 6-3 for connecting the sleeve head 1-5 and the drill bit 5-3, and simultaneously the main body 1-6 of the soil bin is closed. The soil cabin is axially provided with two hinge windows 6-2 for installing the hinges 1-7, and the soil cabin can be opened along the axial direction so as to be convenient for taking out soil samples.
The hinge 1-7 is a common two-fold hinge and consists of a hinge mounting hole 7-1, a hinge rotating shaft 7-2 and a hinge piece 7-3, and is connected with the soil bin main body through the hinge mounting hole 7-1, so that the soil bin 1-6 can be smoothly and semi-opened and closed to take out soil samples.
The drill bit 1-8 is provided with a circle of inclined blades 8-1 and V-shaped grooves 8-2. The drill bit 1-8 is connected with the cabin body through the fixed bolt holes 8-3, the bolt holes 6-3 and the bolts, the inclined blade 8-1 saves time and labor when cutting soil, the soil taking efficiency is greatly improved, and the V-shaped groove 8-2 is matched with the spiral soil discharging strip 6-1 outside the soil cabin body 1-6 to timely discharge broken soil generated in the cut soil.
Examples
Assuming that the specification of the soil sample to be sampled is a cylinder with the bottom surface diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, sampling soil according to the specification requirement of the soil sample to be sampled, and sampling soil by the sleeve head 1-5 soil cabin main body 1-6 and the drill bit 1-8 with the inner diameter of 50 mm.
The 5-2 part of the sleeve head 1-5 selected according to the specification requirement is fixedly installed with the soil cabin main body 1-6 and the drill bit 1-8 through the reserved bolt hole 6-3, the sleeve head main body 1-6 and the drill bit 1-8 form a whole, the sleeve head clamping groove 4-5 is connected with the 5-1 part of the sleeve head 1-5, the motor 1-3 and the whole soil cabin 1-6 form a whole, and the soil cabin drill bit 1-8 cuts soil under the drive of the motor.
The soil surface of the soil sample to be sampled is leveled, the bottom plate 2-3 of the base 1-1 is tightly attached to the soil surface, and then the device is fixed on the soil surface of the soil sample to be sampled by the fixing bolts 2-1 at four corners.
Then, drilling and soil taking are started, a motor power supply is connected, a motor 1-3 is started, a drill bit 1-8 drills and takes soil under the drive of the motor 1-3, and a control rod 1-4 is rotated while the motor 1-3 drives drilling so that the motor 1-3 and a soil cabin 1-6 enter the deep part of a soil body along a sawtooth rail 3-1 to finish soil taking operation.
In the drilling process, the inclined blades 8-1 of the drill bit 1-8 continuously cut soil, so that the soil cabin 1-6 is smoothly sunk, and the generated muck enters the spiral soil discharging strip 6-1 on the soil cabin wall along the V-shaped groove 8-2 on the drill bit 1-8 and is discharged along the spiral ascending spiral soil discharging strip 6-1.
After the soil sample with the required specification is obtained, the motor 1-3 is turned off, and the control rod 1-4 is rotated to separate the motor 1-3 from the soil cabin 1-6 from the depth of the soil body. And then separating the soil cabin 1-6 from the motor 1-3, removing the sleeve head 1-5 from the drill bit 1-8, and opening the soil cabin main body 1-6 to easily obtain a soil sample.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An electric soil sampler, which is characterized in that: the novel soil bin comprises a base, a motor, a soil bin and a drill bit, wherein a guide sliding rod is vertically arranged on the base, the motor can slide up and down along the guide sliding rod, the output end of the motor is connected with the soil bin, the bottom of the soil bin is connected with the drill bit, a spiral soil discharging strip is arranged outside the soil bin, the soil bin comprises two semicircular shells, the two shells are connected through a hinge along the axial direction, the soil bin can be opened along the axial direction, and a plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed in the bottom of the drill bit along the circumferential direction;
the motor is connected with the sawtooth guide rail through a clamping groove, a control rod matched with the sawtooth guide rail is fixed on the side surface of the motor, and the motor is driven by the control rod to move up and down along the sawtooth guide rail, so that the motor, the soil cabin and the drill bit can move up and down;
the control rod comprises a transverse rod and a longitudinal rod penetrating through the end part of the transverse rod and perpendicular to the transverse rod, and threads matched with the saw-tooth guide rail are arranged on the transverse rod; the movement of the transverse bar along the saw-tooth guide rail is achieved by rotating the longitudinal bar.
2. An electric soil sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the transverse rod are fixed on the side face of the motor, and the transverse rod is provided with a lubricating oil hole.
3. An electric soil sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the soil cabin is connected with the motor through a sleeve, and the top of the soil cabin is sealed by the sleeve, so that soil body enters the soil cabin from below.
4. An electric soil sampler as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plurality of V-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drill bit.
5. A method of operation with the electric ripper of any one of claims 1-4, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a drill bit and a soil cabin with corresponding specifications, assembling the drill bit and the soil cabin with a sleeve, installing the drill bit and the soil cabin on a motor, completing the installation of the whole equipment, switching on a power supply, starting a motor switch for debugging, and checking whether the drill bit rotates normally;
step 2, turning off a power switch, searching a proper sampling point, and finishing preliminary leveling of the surface of the sampling point by using a spade, so that the soil sampler base can be stably placed and fixed;
step 3, stabilizing the soil sampler on the ground surface of a sampling point by using a fixing bolt, rotating a control rod to enable the position of a drill bit to be close to the ground surface, and then starting a motor switch;
step 4, in the process of rotating the motor working electric drill bit and the soil cabin, rotating the control rod clockwise to enable the soil cabin to slowly drill downwards until the whole soil cabin enters the ground surface;
step 5, closing a motor switch, slowly rotating a control rod anticlockwise to drive the soil cabin to move upwards, detaching the soil cabin from the motor after the soil cabin is safely moved out of the ground surface, then detaching the sleeve and the cutter head, horizontally placing the soil cabin and a stable and clean place, and opening the soil cabin from a splicing seam around a hinge to obtain a complete soil sample;
and step 6, obtaining soil samples with other specifications only by replacing soil cabins and drill bits with corresponding specifications, and repeating the steps.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610850665.0A CN106441984B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Electric soil sampler and method |
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| CN201610850665.0A CN106441984B (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2016-09-26 | Electric soil sampler and method |
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| CN106441984A CN106441984A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106441984B true CN106441984B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN112539951A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-03-23 | 西安重光明宸检测技术有限公司 | Electric soil sampler and soil sampling method thereof |
| CN112593540B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-08-12 | 西安重光明宸检测技术有限公司 | Soil sampling device with soil loosening drill rod and sampling method thereof |
| CN112539952B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2023-04-28 | 浙江易测环境科技有限公司 | Soil sampling device and sampling method thereof |
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