CN108931391B - Complete soil column sample collector and sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Complete soil column sample collector and sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108931391B CN108931391B CN201810419077.0A CN201810419077A CN108931391B CN 108931391 B CN108931391 B CN 108931391B CN 201810419077 A CN201810419077 A CN 201810419077A CN 108931391 B CN108931391 B CN 108931391B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a complete soil column sample collector and a sampling method thereof, wherein the sampler comprises a sampling tube, the sampling tube is of a hollow tubular structure which is split left and right and is penetrated up and down, the top of the sampling tube is symmetrically provided with a connecting part, and the bottom of the sampling tube is provided with a cutting part; the lifting device comprises a lifting adjusting device and a bracket, the lifting adjusting device is arranged on the bracket, and the bottom of the lifting adjusting device is provided with a connecting piece which can be connected with the connecting part at the top of the sampling tube; the sampling method comprises the following steps: after the sampling tube is incompletely folded and nailed into the soil body, the locking device is adjusted to control the folding degree of the sampling tube, and after the requirement is met, the sampling tube is pulled out of the soil body by using the lifting device, and the soil column sample is taken out. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method has the advantages that the method can collect complete soil column samples, the collected soil column samples can keep the vertical structure of in-situ soil, and the method has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation, small sample pollution and interference and the like, and provides a high-quality and high-efficiency sampling tool for soil scientific research and pollution repair work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a complete soil column sample collector and a sampling method thereof.
Background
The soil column sample collector is a tool for collecting column soil samples with different depths and different soil textures, and the existing soil sample collector comprises a small iron shovel, a cutting ring, an earth auger (most commonly used) and the like, and the earth auger can be divided into a short-handle earth auger, a screw head earth auger, an open earth auger, a sleeve earth auger and the like. When the soil sample collectors collect samples, certain soil samples are adhered to the walls of the collectors, so that the soil samples at this time are affected, the soil samples are mixed with the samples collected next time, and the original structure of the soil is damaged to a certain extent when the samples are transferred out of the samplers. In order to avoid the problems and defects of the existing soil sample collector, it is necessary to provide a complete soil column sample collector with small disturbance.
With the continuous development of scientific researches on soil and soil restoration engineering, the research on movement and distribution of soil pollutants in soil and the influence of the soil pollutants on groundwater pollution is deeper and deeper, and the research on nutrient and pollutant distribution of different layers of soil is also more and more. Therefore, a complete original soil column sample is required to be obtained, so that the migration rule of pollutants in soil can be truly reflected, but the existing sampler can not obtain the complete soil column sample, and a new sampler is needed to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of incomplete sampling, easiness in damaging the original structure of soil, difficult sample extraction and the like of the existing soil column sample collector and provides a complete soil column sample collector.
The invention relates to a complete soil column sample collector, which is characterized by comprising the following components:
the sampling tube is of a hollow tubular structure which is split left and right and penetrates up and down, the top of the sampling tube is symmetrically provided with a connecting part used for being connected with a sampling device, the bottom of the sampling tube is provided with a cutting part used for cutting soil to obtain soil columns, and the cutting part is used for being inserted into the soil after the soil is cut by the sampling tube so as to fill soil column samples in the hollow of the sampling tube;
the lifting device comprises a lifting adjusting device and a support, wherein the lifting adjusting device is arranged on the support, and a connecting piece which can be connected with the top connecting part of the sampling tube is arranged at the bottom of the lifting adjusting device and used for pulling out and lifting the sampling tube inserted into the soil body from the soil body.
The sampling tube comprises a first half shell and a second half shell, wherein the first half shell is detachably connected with the second half shell, and the first half shell and the second half shell are spliced together to form a hollow tube with two ends penetrating through the hollow tube, and the hollow tube is used for filling a soil column sample; the upper parts of the first half shell and the second half shell are respectively provided with a connecting part, and the bottoms of the first half shell and the second half shell are respectively provided with a cutting part for cutting soil bodies to obtain soil columns.
The first side of the first half shell is hinged with the first side of the second half shell through a hinge, and a locking device for adjusting the folding degree is additionally arranged between the second side of the first half shell and the second side of the second half shell.
The locking device comprises a torsion bar pipe, a reinforcing plate, a torsion bar, a supporting rod bracket, a steel wire rope, a magnetic buckling block and a reinforcing plate, wherein the torsion bar pipe is axially arranged on the second side edge of the first half shell through the reinforcing plate, the torsion bar axially penetrates through the torsion bar pipe, and the torsion bar pipe and the reinforcing plate are rotationally connected, and the torsion bar rotates around the central shaft of the torsion bar pipe; one end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the upper end of the torsion bar extending out of the torsion bar pipe, and the other end of the supporting rod forms a clamping end which can be matched with a supporting rod bracket arranged at the top of the second half shell and is used for folding the first half shell and the second half shell; one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the torsion bar, and the other end is fixedly connected with the magnetic buckling block; the thickening plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall near the second side edge of the second shell, and a groove for accommodating the magnetic buckling block is cut on the thickening plate.
The groove is a T-shaped groove.
The lifting device comprises a triangular bracket, a chain block and an iron chain, wherein the top of the chain block is hung at the top of the triangular bracket, two ends of the iron chain are respectively connected with the connecting part at the top of the sampling tube, and a hook at the bottom of the chain block is hooked on the iron chain.
The sampling tube is cylindrical, the first half shell and the second half shell are made of stainless steel, the cylindrical height is 0.5-2.0 m, the inner diameter is 5-20 cm, and the diameter ratio of the first half shell to the second half shell is 1.0:1.01-1.05; the upper part of the torsion bar pipe is cylindrical, the bottom part of the torsion bar pipe is semi-conical, the diameter ratio of the torsion bar pipe to the first half shell is 0:0.5-0.2:1.0, and the interval distance between the torsion bar pipe and the torsion bar is 0.5-1.5 cm; the material of the thick plate is 4 series stainless steel, the thick plate has ferromagnetism, and the distance between the left edge of the thick plate and the edge of the second half shell is 1.0-2.0 cm; the cutting ring is made of tungsten steel, the cutting ring at the lower end of the first half shell is flush with the lower end of the first half shell, and the port of the cutting ring at the lower end of the second half shell exceeds the edge of the lower end of the second half shell by 5-15 degrees.
The method for sampling soil by using the complete soil column sample collector comprises the following steps:
1) The magnetic buckling blocks on the first half shell are respectively buckled into the T-shaped buckling grooves of the corresponding second half shell, the magnetic buckling blocks and the thick plate are utilized for fixation, then the supporting rod is rotated to a proper opening degree, the supporting rod is inserted into a clamping part formed by the supporting rod bracket and the second half shell, and when the supporting rod is in the opening degree, the first half shell and the second half shell are incompletely folded, namely, a slit is reserved at the opening part of the first half shell and the second half shell, and the cutting part at the lower end of the first half shell and the cutting part at the lower end of the second half shell are in dislocation closing, so that a cutting ring with a notch is formed;
2) Placing the sampling pipe on a soil sampling point, knocking the tops of the first half shell and the second half shell by using an energy-absorbing hammer, and driving the sampling pipe into soil;
3) After reaching the preset soil depth, screwing the supporting rod to drive the steel wire rope to wind on the torsion bar, so that the first half shell and the second half shell are completely closed, and fixing the supporting rod in a clamping part formed by the supporting rod bracket and the second half shell after screwing, wherein the sampling tube is in a completely closed state;
4) The soil sample in the sampling tube is compacted, an air slit is formed outside the sampling tube, so that vacuum formed between the sampling tube and soil during sampling can be destroyed, and the sampling resistance is reduced;
5) Supporting the triangular bracket above the sampling pipe, connecting the triangular bracket with the connecting part at the top of the sampling pipe through a chain block and an iron chain, and pulling the chain block to pull the sampling pipe out of soil;
6) The collecting tube for obtaining the soil column sample is horizontally placed on the horizontal ground, the supporting rod is unscrewed, the magnetic buckling block is taken down from the T-shaped buckling groove, and the first half shell and the second half shell of the sampling tube are opened to obtain the complete soil column sample which keeps the original structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) The soil column sample influences the integrity of the sample due to factors such as soil depth, soil quality and the like, and the invention can obtain the complete soil column sample with small disturbance; 2) In order to facilitate sample extraction after the collector enters a soil layer, a gap is reserved between the outer side of the sampling tube and soil after the sampling tube is closed, so that air can conveniently enter the soil deeply during sample extraction, vacuum formed by sample extraction is broken, and sample extraction resistance is reduced; 3) The existing soil sampler mostly adopts a squeezing type sampling method, the original structure of soil can be damaged during sampling, particularly when the soil texture is loose, the soil structure can be seriously damaged by the sampling method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sampling tube structure;
FIG. 2 is a sample tube locked state diagram;
FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a sampling tube;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sample holder.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings.
Referring to the drawings:
embodiment 1 a complete soil column sample collector according to the present invention comprises:
the sampling tube 1 is of a hollow tubular structure which is split left and right and penetrates up and down, the top of the sampling tube is symmetrically provided with a connecting part used for being connected with a sampling device, the bottom of the sampling tube is provided with a cutting part used for cutting soil to obtain soil columns, and the cutting part is used for inserting the sampling tube into the soil after cutting the soil so as to fill soil column samples in the hollow of the sampling tube;
the lifting device 2 comprises a lifting adjusting device and a bracket, wherein the lifting adjusting device is arranged on the bracket, and a connecting piece which can be connected with the top connecting part of the sampling tube is arranged at the bottom of the lifting adjusting device and is used for pulling out and lifting the sampling tube inserted into the soil body from the soil body.
The sampling tube 1 comprises a first half shell 11 and a second half shell 12, wherein the first half shell 11 and the second half shell 12 are detachably connected, and are spliced together to form a hollow tube with two ends penetrating through the hollow tube, and the hollow tube is used for filling soil column samples; the upper parts of the first half shell 11 and the second half shell 12 are respectively provided with a connecting part 13, and the bottoms are respectively provided with a cutting part 14 for cutting soil bodies to obtain soil columns.
The first side of the first half shell 11 is hinged with the first side of the second half shell 12 through a hinge 15, and a locking device 3 for adjusting the folding degree is additionally arranged between the second side of the first half shell 11 and the second side of the second half shell 12.
The locking device 3 comprises a torsion bar pipe 31, a reinforcing plate 32, a torsion bar 33, a supporting rod 34, a supporting rod bracket 35, a steel wire rope 36, a magnetic buckling block 37 and a reinforcing plate 38, wherein the torsion bar pipe 31 is axially arranged on the second side edge of the first half shell 11 through the reinforcing plate 32, the torsion bar 33 axially penetrates through the torsion bar pipe 31, and the torsion bar pipe 31 and the reinforcing plate are rotationally connected, and the torsion bar rotates around the central shaft of the torsion bar pipe; one end of the supporting rod 34 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the torsion bar extending out of the torsion bar pipe, and the other end of the supporting rod 34 forms a clamping end which can be matched with a supporting rod bracket arranged at the top of the second half shell 12 and is used for folding the first half shell and the second half shell; one end of the steel wire rope 36 is fixedly connected with the torsion bar 33, and the other end is fixedly connected with the magnetic buckling block 37; the thickness plate 38 is fixedly attached to the outer wall near the second side of the second housing 12, and a groove 381 for receiving a magnetic button is cut into the thickness plate 38, the magnetic button being attracted to the second housing.
The groove is a T-shaped groove.
The lifting device 3 comprises a triangular bracket 31, a chain block 32 and an iron chain 33, wherein the top of the chain block is hung at the top of the triangular bracket, two ends of the iron chain are respectively connected with the connecting part at the top of the sampling tube, and a hook at the bottom of the chain block is hooked on the iron chain.
The sampling tube is cylindrical, the first half shell and the second half shell are made of stainless steel, the cylindrical height is 0.5-2.0 m, the inner diameter is 5-20 cm, and the diameter ratio of the first half shell to the second half shell is 1.0:1.01-1.05; the upper part of the torsion bar pipe is cylindrical, the bottom part of the torsion bar pipe is semi-conical, the diameter ratio of the torsion bar pipe to the first half shell is 0:0.5-0.2:1.0, and the interval distance between the torsion bar pipe and the torsion bar is 0.5-1.5 cm; the material of the thick plate is 4 series stainless steel, the thick plate has ferromagnetism, and the distance between the left edge of the thick plate and the edge of the second half shell is 1.0-2.0 cm; the cutting ring is made of tungsten steel, the cutting ring at the lower end of the first half shell is flush with the lower end of the first half shell, and the port of the cutting ring at the lower end of the second half shell exceeds the edge of the lower end of the second half shell by 5-15 degrees.
Embodiment 2 the strut support in this embodiment is of inverted L shape, wherein the bottom end of the strut support and the top of the second half shell form a clamping portion for cooperation with the clamping end of the strut, and the rest is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3 the attachment portion at the top of the sample tube in this embodiment is a bail, wherein a bail for attachment to a lifting device is provided on each of the first and second half-shells.
Embodiment 4 in this embodiment, a cutting portion is provided at each of the bottom edges of the first half shell and the second half shell, and the two cutting portions may be joined to form a complete cutting ring.
Embodiment 5 in this embodiment, 3 magnetic buckling blocks are equidistantly assembled on the torsion bar, and 3 grooves are formed on the corresponding reinforcing plate on the second half shell.
Embodiment 6 the method for sampling soil body by using the complete soil column sample collector disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) The magnetic buckling blocks on the first half shell are respectively buckled into the T-shaped buckling grooves of the corresponding second half shell, the magnetic buckling blocks and the thick plate are utilized for fixation, then the supporting rod is rotated to a proper opening degree, the supporting rod is inserted into a clamping part formed by the supporting rod bracket and the second half shell, and when the supporting rod is in the opening degree, the first half shell and the second half shell are incompletely folded, namely, a slit is reserved at the opening part of the first half shell and the second half shell, and the cutting part at the lower end of the first half shell and the cutting part at the lower end of the second half shell are in dislocation closing, so that a cutting ring with a notch is formed;
2) Placing the sampling pipe on a soil sampling point, knocking the tops of the first half shell and the second half shell by using an energy-absorbing hammer, and driving the sampling pipe into soil;
3) After reaching the preset soil depth, screwing the supporting rod to drive the steel wire rope to wind on the torsion bar, so that the first half shell and the second half shell are completely closed, and fixing the supporting rod in a clamping part formed by the supporting rod bracket and the second half shell after screwing, wherein the sampling tube is in a completely closed state;
4) The soil sample in the sampling tube is compacted, an air slit is formed outside the sampling tube, so that vacuum formed between the sampling tube and soil during sampling can be destroyed, and the sampling resistance is reduced;
5) Supporting the triangular bracket above the sampling pipe, connecting the triangular bracket with the connecting part at the top of the sampling pipe through a chain block and an iron chain, and pulling the chain block to pull the sampling pipe out of soil;
6) The collecting tube for obtaining the soil column sample is horizontally placed on the horizontal ground, the supporting rod is unscrewed, the magnetic buckling block is taken down from the T-shaped groove, and the first half shell and the second half shell of the sampling tube are opened to obtain the complete soil column sample which keeps the original structure.
The embodiments described in the present specification are merely examples of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention also includes equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art according to the inventive concept.
Claims (5)
1. A complete soil column sample collector, comprising:
the sampling tube is of a hollow tubular structure which is split left and right and penetrates up and down, the top of the sampling tube is symmetrically provided with a connecting part used for being connected with a sampling device, the bottom of the sampling tube is provided with a cutting part used for cutting soil to obtain soil columns, and the cutting part is used for being inserted into the soil after the soil is cut by the sampling tube so as to fill soil column samples in the hollow of the sampling tube; the sampling tube comprises a first half shell and a second half shell, wherein the first half shell is detachably connected with the second half shell, and the first half shell and the second half shell are spliced together to form a hollow tube with two ends penetrating through the hollow tube, and the hollow tube is used for filling soil column samples; the upper parts of the first half shell and the second half shell are respectively provided with a connecting part, and the bottoms of the first half shell and the second half shell are respectively provided with a cutting part for cutting soil bodies to obtain soil columns; the first side of the first half shell is hinged with the first side of the second half shell through a hinge, and a locking device for adjusting the folding degree is additionally arranged between the second side of the first half shell and the second side of the second half shell; the locking device comprises a torsion bar pipe, a reinforcing plate, a torsion bar, a supporting rod bracket, a steel wire rope, a magnetic buckling block and a reinforcing plate, wherein the torsion bar pipe is axially arranged on the second side edge of the first half shell through the reinforcing plate, the torsion bar axially penetrates through the torsion bar pipe, and the torsion bar pipe and the reinforcing plate are rotationally connected, and the torsion bar rotates around the central shaft of the torsion bar pipe; one end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the upper end of the torsion bar extending out of the torsion bar pipe, and the other end of the supporting rod forms a clamping end which can be matched with a supporting rod bracket arranged at the top of the second half shell and is used for folding the first half shell and the second half shell; one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly connected with the torsion bar, and the other end is fixedly connected with the magnetic buckling block; the thick plate is fixedly arranged on the outer wall near the second side edge of the second shell, and a groove for accommodating the magnetic buckling block is cut on the thick plate, and the magnetic buckling block and the second shell are attracted mutually;
the lifting device comprises a lifting adjusting device and a support, wherein the lifting adjusting device is arranged on the support, and a connecting piece which can be connected with the top connecting part of the sampling tube is arranged at the bottom of the lifting adjusting device and used for pulling out and lifting the sampling tube inserted into the soil body from the soil body.
2. A complete soil column sample collector as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the groove is a T-shaped groove.
3. A complete soil column sample collector as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the lifting device comprises a triangular bracket, a chain block and an iron chain, wherein the top of the chain block is hung at the top of the triangular bracket, two ends of the iron chain are respectively connected with the connecting part at the top of the sampling tube, and a hook at the bottom of the chain block is hooked on the iron chain.
4. A complete soil column sample collector according to claim 3 wherein: the sampling tube is cylindrical, the first half shell and the second half shell are made of stainless steel, the cylindrical height is 0.5-2.0 m, the inner diameter is 5-20 cm, and the diameter ratio of the first half shell to the second half shell is 1.0:1.01-1.05; the upper part of the torsion bar pipe is cylindrical, the bottom part of the torsion bar pipe is semi-conical, the diameter ratio of the torsion bar pipe to the first half shell is 0:0.5-0.2:1.0, and the interval distance between the torsion bar pipe and the torsion bar is 0.5-1.5 cm; the material of the thick plate is 4 series stainless steel, the thick plate has ferromagnetism, and the distance between the left edge of the thick plate and the edge of the second half shell is 1.0-2.0 cm; the cutting ring is made of tungsten steel, the cutting ring at the lower end of the first half shell is flush with the lower end of the first half shell, and the port of the cutting ring at the lower end of the second half shell exceeds the edge of the lower end of the second half shell by 5-15 degrees.
5. A method of sampling soil using a complete soil column collector as claimed in claim 1 comprising the steps of:
1) The magnetic buckling blocks on the first half shell are respectively buckled into the T-shaped buckling grooves of the corresponding second half shell, the magnetic buckling blocks and the magnetic force of the thick plates are utilized for fixing, then the supporting rod is rotated to a proper opening degree, the supporting rod is inserted into the clamping part formed by the supporting rod bracket and the second half shell, at the moment, the first half shell and the second half shell are incompletely folded, namely, a slit is reserved at the opening of the first half shell and the second half shell, and the cutting part at the lower end of the first half shell and the cutting part at the lower end of the second half shell are staggered and closed to form a cutting ring with a notch;
2) Placing the sampling pipe on a soil sampling point, knocking the tops of the first half shell and the second half shell by using an energy-absorbing hammer, and driving the sampling pipe into soil;
3) After reaching the preset soil depth, screwing the supporting rod to drive the steel wire rope to wind on the torsion bar, so that the first half shell and the second half shell are completely closed, and fixing the supporting rod in a clamping part formed by the supporting rod bracket and the second half shell after screwing, wherein the sampling tube is in a completely closed state;
4) The soil sample in the sampling tube is compacted, an air slit is formed outside the sampling tube, so that vacuum formed between the sampling tube and soil during sampling can be destroyed, and the sampling resistance is reduced;
5) Supporting the triangular bracket above the sampling pipe, connecting the triangular bracket with the connecting part at the top of the sampling pipe through a chain block and an iron chain, and pulling the chain block to pull the sampling pipe out of soil;
6) The collecting tube for obtaining the soil column sample is horizontally placed on the horizontal ground, the supporting rod is unscrewed, the magnetic buckling block is taken down from the T-shaped buckling groove, and the first half shell and the second half shell of the sampling tube are opened to obtain the complete soil column sample which keeps the original structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810419077.0A CN108931391B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Complete soil column sample collector and sampling method thereof |
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| CN201810419077.0A CN108931391B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Complete soil column sample collector and sampling method thereof |
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| CN108931391B true CN108931391B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN111649983A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-11 | 南京景明环境科技服务有限公司 | Soil sampling system and sampling method thereof |
| CN112411512B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-03-15 | 贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局114地质大队 | Undisturbed collection instrument for backfill soil layer |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203249789U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-10-23 | 李方才 | Soil sampler |
| CN205538305U (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-08-31 | 上田环境修复股份有限公司 | Device of thin solum sample is gathered to depthkeeping |
| CN106441984A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-22 | 山东大学 | Electric soil sampler and method |
| CN107063745A (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2017-08-18 | 宝鸡文理学院 | A kind of soil sample collecting device |
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