CN112516462A - Photoelectric combined instrument and photodynamic therapeutic apparatus - Google Patents
Photoelectric combined instrument and photodynamic therapeutic apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN112516462A CN112516462A CN202011335336.5A CN202011335336A CN112516462A CN 112516462 A CN112516462 A CN 112516462A CN 202011335336 A CN202011335336 A CN 202011335336A CN 112516462 A CN112516462 A CN 112516462A
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- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
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- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoelectric combined instrument and a photodynamic therapeutic apparatus, wherein the photoelectric combined instrument comprises a laser and an electrolyzer, an electrode of the electrolyzer and an optical fiber of the laser can simultaneously act on a pathological change tissue which is preset with photosensitive medicaments, and the laser emits laser to activate the photosensitive medicaments preset in the pathological change tissue; the electrolyzer can electrolyze tissue fluid in the pathological tissue to generate sufficient oxygen, so that the photosensitive drug can be activated and fully perform photoreaction with the oxygen to generate singlet oxygen, kill pathological cells and improve the effect of photodynamic therapy; the invention realizes the continuous proceeding of the photodynamic therapy, effectively kills pathological cells and solves the problem that the treatment effect is seriously weakened due to the lack of oxygen in the environment of the photodynamic therapy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a photoelectric combined instrument and a photodynamic therapeutic apparatus.
Background
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new method for treating neoplastic diseases using photosensitizing drugs and laser activation. The tumor site is irradiated with specific wavelength to activate the photosensitive medicine gathered selectively in tumor tissue and trigger photochemical reaction to destroy tumor. Photosensitizing drugs in the next generation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) deliver energy to the surrounding oxygen, generating highly reactive singlet oxygen. The singlet oxygen can generate oxidation reaction with nearby biological macromolecules to generate cytotoxicity so as to kill tumor cells. PDT has the advantage over traditional tumour therapy that it enables precise and effective treatment with minimal side effects. However, hypoxia in the microenvironment of the tumor can affect photodynamic singlet oxygen generation, thereby affecting the treatment effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a photoelectric combined instrument, aiming at solving the problem that a photosensitive drug is lack of oxygen and cannot generate singlet oxygen through sufficient photoreaction during photodynamic therapy.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a combined optical and electrical apparatus, comprising:
a laser that, in operation, emits laser light to the photosensitive drug to activate the photosensitive drug;
an electrolyzer having electrodes in contact with the liquid, the electrolyzer for electrolyzing the liquid through the electrodes to react oxygen produced by the electrolysis with the photosensitive drug.
Optionally, the electrodes comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
Optionally, the positive electrode is a needle electrode;
and/or, the negative electrode needle electrode.
Optionally, the laser comprises a first optical fiber;
the positive electrode is arranged in a tubular shape and sleeved outside the first optical fiber;
and/or the negative electrode is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber.
Optionally, when the tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber, the end portion outside the first optical fiber is flush with the end portion of the tubular positive electrode;
or, the first optical fiber is arranged to penetrate the tubular positive electrode.
Optionally, when the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber, the end portion outside the first optical fiber is flush with the end portion of the tubular negative electrode;
or the first optical fiber penetrates through the tubular cathode electrode to be arranged outside the first optical fiber.
Optionally, the laser comprises a plurality of first optical fibers; the electrolyzer comprises a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes;
the plurality of positive electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber;
and/or the plurality of negative electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside one first optical fiber.
Optionally, the positive electrode is a metal electrode
And or, the negative electrode is a metal electrode.
Optionally, when the positive electrode is a needle electrode, the diameter of the positive electrode is less than or equal to 5 mm;
when the negative electrode is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode is less than or equal to 5 mm.
The invention also provides a photodynamic therapeutic apparatus which comprises a power supply, an image display device and the photoelectric combined apparatus.
According to the invention, by arranging the laser and the electrolyzer, the electrode of the electrolyzer and the light transmission system of the laser can simultaneously act on the pathological change tissue preset with the photosensitive medicine, the light transmission system of the laser can emit laser to activate the photosensitive medicine in the pathological change tissue, and the electrolyzer can electrolyze tissue fluid in the pathological change tissue to generate sufficient oxygen, so that the photosensitive medicine can be activated and fully perform photoreaction with the oxygen to generate singlet oxygen, kill pathological change cells and improve the effect of photodynamic therapy; the invention realizes the continuous operation of photodynamic therapy, effectively kills pathological cells, and simultaneously, the electrode of the electrolyzer and the optical fiber of the laser can be selectively inserted into the pathological cells or the two sides of the pathological cells to pertinently irradiate the pathological tissues, thereby avoiding the damage to the tissues of the human body caused by the irradiation of the large-scale laser on the tissues of the human body; further reducing the side effect of photodynamic therapy, realizing micro-invasion, and reducing the damage to the skin or the functions of important lumen organs when effectively reducing the therapy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the optoelectronic combo device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the optoelectronic combo device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of tumor volume and time;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a further embodiment of the optoelectronic combo device of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 10 | |
11 | |
| 20 | |
12 | |
| 21 | First optical fiber |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a photoelectric combined instrument. The photosensitive medicine in the pathological change tissue preset with the photosensitive medicine can be activated and fully generates photochemical reaction, so that the pathological change tissue is damaged in a targeted manner, the photodynamic therapy effect can be effectively improved, and the side effect is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the optoelectronic combination is for use in photodynamic therapy, said optoelectronic combination comprising:
a laser 20, said laser 20 emitting laser light to the photosensitive drug to activate the photosensitive drug when in operation;
an electrolyzer 10 having electrodes in contact with the liquid, the electrolyzer 10 for electrolyzing the liquid through the electrodes to react oxygen generated by the electrolysis with the photosensitive drug.
The laser 20 can emit laser light to irradiate photosensitive drugs which are selectively ingested and retained (the photosensitive drugs can be injected into pathological tissues in an injection mode, the photosensitive drugs can adopt black phosphorus which has no toxic or side effect on organisms due to degradation products to reduce photosensitive reaction after operation, or more photosensitive drugs which are clinically used such as hematoporphyrin and hematoporphyrin derivatives to reduce the difficulty in material taking, and other photosensitizers can be selected for treatment, such as indocyanine green (ICG), nano materials, precious metal materials and the like) to activate the photosensitive drugs in the pathological tissues and induce the photosensitive drugs to have strong photochemical reaction with oxygen to generate very active singlet oxygen so as to destroy important cell components such as protein, lipid, nucleic acid and the like to achieve the purpose of treatment.
The laser wavelength and the laser intensity emitted by the laser 20 can be adjusted, and are specifically set according to the practice, in one embodiment, the laser intensity emitted by the laser 20 is 0.1-1W/cm2. In one embodiment, the laser 20 emits a laser wavelength greater than or equal to 550nm and less than or equal to 750 nm; in the present embodiment, the laser 20 emits a laser wavelength of 660 nm; the laser intensity emitted by the laser 20 is 0.5W/cm2It should be appreciated that the laser intensity used in this embodiment is much less than that used in conventional phototherapeutic systems, so that the laser 20 produces less heat, effectively preventing the spread of cancer cells during treatment, while maximizing the activation of the photosensitive drugs. Specifically, the laser 20 may include two parts, i.e., a laser emitter and an optical transmission system, where the laser emitter may be a diode laser 20, and the optical transmission system may be an optical fiber, and of course, the laser emitter and the optical transmission system may be specifically configured according to actual requirements, and are not limited herein.
The electrolyzer 10 may comprise a power supply, a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12; the materials of the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 may be inert materials, such as graphite, platinum, and the like, or may also be metal materials, alloy materials, and the like, and are specifically set according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein; in this embodiment, the positive and negative electrodes may be inserted into the lesion tissue or inserted into both sides of the lesion tissue, when the electrolyzer 10 works, the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 10 are energized by the power supply, the energizing voltage may be 1-10V, and the embodiment may be 3V; particularly, the safety of organisms is ensured, and meanwhile, the corrosion of positive and negative electrodes is reduced as much as possible, and the method is not limited; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrolyzer 10 electrolyze tissue fluid of a diseased tissue or a human tissue (of course, in other embodiments, electrolyte can be added to electrolyze the electrolyte to generate oxygen) to generate oxygen so as to provide oxygen for the photochemical reaction of the photosensitive drug, so that the photochemical reaction of the photosensitive drug can be fully generated, and the effect of photodynamic therapy is enhanced; in practical use, the positive electrode 11 of the electrolyzer 10; and/or, the cathode electrode 12 is combined with the optical fiber of the laser 20, and may be arranged in parallel, sleeved, etc., and is not limited herein; by connecting the optical fiber of the laser 20 to the positive electrode 11 of the electrolyzer 10; and/or, the cathode electrode 12 is combined to reduce the volume of the part of the photoelectric combined apparatus inserted into the human body, so that the wound of the photoelectric combined apparatus on the human body is reduced, meanwhile, oxygen generated by electrolysis of the electrolyzer 10 and laser emitted by the laser 20 act on photosensitive drugs at the same position, the oxygen feeding precision and the laser irradiation position precision are increased, the photosensitive drugs and the oxygen fully generate photoreaction to generate singlet oxygen, and the precision and the effect of photodynamic therapy are further improved.
It can be understood that photodynamic therapy mainly utilizes laser to activate photosensitive drugs, so that the photosensitive drugs and oxygen are subjected to photoreaction, and singlet oxygen with strong activity is generated, and the singlet oxygen can be subjected to oxidation reaction with nearby biological macromolecules to generate cytotoxicity so as to kill tumor cells; that is, in order to secure the therapeutic effect of the photodynamic therapy; oxygen, photosensitive drugs and laser are all indispensable; however, the tumor microenvironment in the process of photodynamic therapy for treating tumors belongs to hypoxic tissues, and along with the progress of photoreaction, a large amount of oxygen is consumed, so that the oxygen amount near the tissues is gradually reduced, the progress of photoreaction is greatly influenced, and the effect of photodynamic therapy is seriously weakened.
In order to solve the problems, the invention is provided with an electrolyzer 10 and a laser 20, positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 10 are arranged on two sides of a tumor or inserted into the tumor, power is supplied to the electrolyzer 10 through a power supply, so that the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 10 can electrolyze tissue fluid in the tumor to generate oxygen, and simultaneously the laser 20 is used for emitting laser to activate photosensitive drugs, so that the photosensitive drugs can be activated by the laser and fully react with the oxygen to generate sufficient singlet oxygen, thereby destroying important cell components such as protein, lipid and nucleic acid, further improving the precision and the effect of photodynamic therapy, and solving the problems that the photoreaction is influenced by the lack of oxygen in the photodynamic therapy process and the treatment effect is further improved.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the tumor volume and time curves recorded by setting a control group and a treatment group respectively for the treatment of subcutaneous tumors in mice by using the photoelectric combination apparatus of the present invention;
control group 1: 3 mice were prepared and 50ul of black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex in PBS was injected into the tumor site of each mouse. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out statistics on the tumor volume of the mice; the mouse tumor volume was continued to be followed up to 20 days after treatment was stopped.
Control group 2: 3 mice were prepared, 50ul of PBS solution of the black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex was injected into the tumor site of each mouse, and the tumor site was irradiated with laser light from the laser 20 for 10 minutes at a laser intensity of 0.5W/cm2. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out statistics on the tumor volume of the mice; the mouse tumor volume was continued to be followed up to 20 days after treatment was stopped.
Control group 3: 3 mice were prepared, 50ul of PBS solution of the black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex was injected into the tumor site of each mouse, and the electrolyzer 10 was controlled to electrolyze the tumor site for 5 minutes at 3V. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out statistics on the tumor volume of the mice; the mouse tumor volume was continued to be followed up to 20 days after treatment was stopped.
Control group 4: 3 mice were prepared, 50ul of PBS solution of the black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex was injected into the tumor site of each mouse, and the tumor site was irradiated with laser light from the laser 20 for 10 minutes at a laser intensity of 0.5W/cm2(ii) a After 4 hours, the electrolyzer 10 was controlled to electrolyze the tumor site for 5 minutes at a voltage of 3V. Treatment was continued for 7 days, and then mice were treatedCounting the tumor volume; the mouse tumor volume was continued to be followed up to 20 days after treatment was stopped.
Control group 5: taking 3 spare mice, respectively injecting 50ul of PBS solution of the black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex into the tumor part of each mouse, and controlling the electrolyzer 10 to electrolyze the tumor part for 5 minutes at a voltage of 3V; after 4 hours, the laser 20 is controlled to perform laser irradiation on the tumor part for 10 minutes, and the laser intensity is 0.5W/cm2. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out statistics on the tumor volume of the mice; the mouse tumor volume was continued to be followed up to 20 days after treatment was stopped.
Treatment groups: taking 3 spare mice, respectively injecting 50ul of PBS solution of the black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex into the tumor part of each mouse, and simultaneously controlling the laser 20 to perform laser irradiation on the tumor part for 10 minutes, wherein the laser intensity is 0.5W/cm2And the electrolyzer 10 electrolyzes the tumor site for 5 minutes at a voltage of 3V. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out statistics on the tumor volume of the mice; the mouse tumor volume was continued to be followed up to 20 days after treatment was stopped. Wherein the abscissa of fig. 3 is the treatment time and the ordinate is the tumor volume; in particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,
BP represents the tumor volume change curve of the mice of the control group 1;
BP + L represents the tumor volume change curve of the control group 2 mice;
BP + E represents the tumor volume change curve of the control group 3 mice;
BP + L + E represents the tumor volume change curve of the control group 4 mice;
BP + E + L represents the tumor volume change curve of the control group 5 mice;
BP + L & E represent the tumor volume change curve of the treated group of mice;
from the results shown in fig. 3, it can be clearly seen that the combined optical and electrical device of the present invention achieves the best therapeutic effect, and can effectively treat tumors. In fact, the tumors in the treated mice eventually eschared after escharosis and the tumors were completely eliminated.
According to the invention, by arranging the laser 20 and the electrolyzer 10, the electrode of the electrolyzer 10 and the light transmission system of the laser 20 can simultaneously act on the pathological change tissue preset with the photosensitive medicine, the light transmission system of the laser 20 emits laser to activate the photosensitive medicine in the pathological change tissue, and the electrolyzer 10 electrolyzes tissue fluid in the pathological change tissue to generate sufficient oxygen, so that the photosensitive medicine can be activated and fully perform photoreaction with the oxygen to generate singlet oxygen, thereby killing pathological change cells and improving the photodynamic therapy effect; the invention realizes the continuous operation of photodynamic therapy, effectively kills pathological cells, and simultaneously, because the electrode of the electrolyzer 10 and the optical fiber of the laser 20 can be selectively inserted into the pathological cells or two sides of the pathological cells, the damage to human tissues caused by the irradiation of the human tissues by the laser in a large range is avoided; further reducing the side effect of photodynamic therapy, realizing micro-invasion, and reducing the damage to the skin or the functions of important lumen organs when effectively reducing the therapy.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the electrodes include a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12.
The positive electrode 11 can be connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, the negative electrode 12 can be connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and when the photoelectric combined instrument works, the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 can be inserted into two sides of a pathological change tissue or the pathological change tissue and pass through the power supply, so that the positive electrode 11 generates oxygen.
Further, the positive electrode is a needle electrode;
and/or the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode.
That is, the positive electrode 11 in this embodiment is a needle electrode, or the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode, or the positive electrode 11 is a needle electrode while the negative electrode is a needle electrode;
it can be understood that the needle-shaped electrode in this embodiment may be inserted into a lesion tissue, and in this embodiment, the needle-shaped positive electrode 11 and the needle-shaped negative electrode 12 are inserted into the lesion tissue, so that the needle-shaped positive electrode 11 and the needle-shaped negative electrode 12 may be easily inserted into both sides of the lesion tissue or the lesion tissue, and there is no need to cut the skin tissue of the human body, which is beneficial to reducing the wound caused by the incision, and is beneficial to wound recovery and reducing the possibility of subsequent infection.
Optionally, when the positive electrode 11 is a needle electrode, the diameter of the positive electrode 11 is less than or equal to 5 mm; when the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode 12 is less than or equal to 5 mm.
That is, the positive electrode 11 in this embodiment is a needle-shaped electrode and has a diameter of 5mm or less, or the negative electrode 12 is a needle-shaped electrode and has a diameter of 5mm or less, or the positive electrode 11 is a needle-shaped electrode and the negative electrode 12 is a needle-shaped electrode, and the diameters of the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are both 5mm or less;
in this embodiment, when the positive electrode 11 is a needle electrode, the diameter of the positive electrode 11 is less than or equal to 5 mm; when the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode 12 is less than or equal to 5mm, so that in actual operation, the needle-shaped positive electrode 11 and the needle-shaped negative electrode 12 are inserted into a lesion tissue by penetrating through skin tissue of a human body, an overlarge wound caused by incision of the wound by an operation is avoided, recovery of the wound is facilitated, and subsequent problems such as wound infection caused by the overlarge wound can be effectively avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, further, the laser 20 includes a first optical fiber 21;
the positive electrode 11 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21;
and/or the cathode electrode 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular cathode electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21.
In this embodiment, the first optical fiber 21 may be provided as one or multiple optical fibers, and when the first optical fiber 21 is provided as one optical fiber, the first optical fiber may be inserted into the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12, and when the first optical fiber 21 is provided as multiple optical fibers, for example, two optical fibers, the tubular positive electrode 11 and the tubular negative electrode 12 may be respectively sleeved outside one first optical fiber 21. In practical application, the positive electrode 11 may be set in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside one of the first optical fibers 21; similarly, the cathode 12 is disposed in a tubular shape, and the tubular cathode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21; or the number of the first optical fibers 21 is two, the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside one of the first optical fibers 21, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the other one of the first optical fibers 21. Thus, the first optical fiber 21 and the tubular anode electrode 11 or the tubular cathode electrode 12 are integrally arranged, so that the steps in actual operation are reduced, the treatment time is shortened, and the treatment efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the first optical fiber 21 and the tubular anode electrode 11 or the tubular cathode electrode 12 are integrally arranged, and when treatment is carried out, sufficient oxygen can be provided in a laser irradiation area only by operating the tubular anode electrode 11 or the tubular cathode electrode 12, so that the problem of low oxygen supply precision is solved, and the treatment effect is improved; meanwhile, the complexity of operation can be reduced, and the reduction of the manual operation cost is facilitated.
In this embodiment, the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 is sleeved on the first optical fiber 21, so that in practical application, when the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are inserted into a diseased tissue, the first optical fiber 21 is also inserted into the diseased tissue, and by using the hardness of the electrode and the penetrating capability of the needle electrode 11, the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 can easily penetrate through the skin of a human body and be inserted into the diseased tissue with the first optical fiber 21 being carried along, and at the same time, the electrode wraps the first optical fiber 21, so that the optical fiber cannot be broken by force when penetrating through the skin of the human body and being inserted into the diseased tissue (the optical fibers are all fragile).
In addition, when it is noted that, since the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, the electrode 11 and the optical fiber can act on the same position at the same time, namely, the electrode 11 electrolyzes the oxygen generated by the tissue fluid, the laser transmitted by the optical fiber can act on the photosensitive medicine at the same position of the pathological tissue, so that the selection of the treatment position of the photoelectric combined instrument is effectively improved, the oxygen supply precision in the photodynamic treatment process is ensured, and the laser irradiation precision, and does not need to irradiate laser in a large area, in practical application, a user can accurately act oxygen and laser on the pathological change tissue preset with the photosensitive medicine, therefore, the photodynamic therapy is accurately and fully carried out, the effect and the accuracy of the photodynamic therapy are favorably improved, and the damage of laser to other human tissues during the photodynamic therapy is favorably reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, further, the end of the first optical fiber 21 is exposed, the positive electrode 11 is disposed in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved on the exposed portion of the first optical fiber 21; and/or the cathode electrode 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular cathode electrode 12 is sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber 21.
That is to say, the end of the first optical fiber 21 is exposed, the positive electrode 11 is disposed in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved on the exposed portion of the first optical fiber 21; or, the tail end of the first optical fiber 21 is exposed, the cathode electrode 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular cathode electrode 12 is sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber 21; or, the number of the first optical fibers 21 is two, the ends of the two first optical fibers 21 are exposed, the positive electrode 11 is arranged in a tubular shape, the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved on the exposed portion of one of the first optical fibers 21, the negative electrode 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved on the exposed portion of the other first optical fiber 21.
It will be understood that the outer surface of the fiber is covered with a layer of glass or other transparent material having a refractive index slightly lower than that of the core to confine light to the core for propagation, and that the outermost layer of the fiber has a polymer cladding, which embodiment may be referred to as removing the outermost cladding; of course, in other embodiments, a layer of glass or other transparent material covered outside the optical fiber and the outermost polymer cladding may be removed simultaneously, which is set according to the actual situation and is not limited herein.
The present embodiment is configured such that the tubular positive electrode 11 is formed by exposing the end of the first optical fiber 21; and/or the tubular negative electrode 12 can be sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber 21, so that the diameter of the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 sleeved on the first optical fiber 21 is reduced, during photodynamic therapy, the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 can easily penetrate through the skin of a human body and be inserted into pathological change tissues, wounds caused to the human body are further reduced, minimally invasive therapy is realized, in actual operation, only the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 sleeved on the first optical fiber 21 needs to penetrate through the skin tissues of the human body and be inserted into the pathological change tissues, the phenomenon that the wounds caused by cutting the wounds are too large is avoided, the recovery of the wounds is facilitated, and the follow-up problems of wound infection and the like caused by the too large wounds can be effectively avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, further, when the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, an end portion outside the first optical fiber 21 is flush with an end portion of the tubular positive electrode 11; alternatively, the first optical fiber 21 is disposed to penetrate the tubular positive electrode 11.
Further, when the tubular cathode electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, the end portion outside the first optical fiber 21 is flush with the end portion of the tubular cathode electrode 12; alternatively, the first optical fiber 21 is disposed through the tubular cathode electrode 12.
As can be understood, in this embodiment, when the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, the end portion outside the first optical fiber 21 is flush with the end portion of the tubular positive electrode 11; alternatively, the first optical fiber 21 externally penetrates the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12. The distance from the laser to the pathological tissue after the laser is emitted from the optical fiber can be reduced, so that the energy loss in the laser transmission process is reduced, the photosensitive medicine can be fully activated by the laser, the photoreaction can be fully generated, and the photodynamic therapy effect can be improved.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the laser 20 includes a plurality of first optical fibers 21; the electrolyzer 10 comprises a plurality of positive electrodes 11 and a plurality of negative electrodes 12;
the plurality of positive electrodes 11 are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21;
and/or, the plurality of the cathode electrodes 12 are arranged in a tubular shape, and each of the tubular cathode electrodes 12 is sleeved outside one of the first optical fibers 21.
In this embodiment, the lesion tissue may be divided into a plurality of portions.
Can be a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12 which are matched with one or two first optical fibers 21 to be inserted in the first part of the pathological tissue (the electrode and optical fiber connecting structure refers to the embodiment);
a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12 are matched with one or two first optical fibers 21 to be inserted into the second part of the pathological tissue (the electrode and optical fiber connecting structure refers to the embodiment); analogize in proper order, divide into a plurality of parts to pathological change tissue respectively and carry out electrolysis and photodynamic therapy, thereby realize the diversified photodynamic therapy of pathological change tissue when avoiding mutual interference between the electrode, the efficiency of photodynamic therapy can effectively be improved, shorten the photodynamic therapy time, thereby avoid subsequent problems such as infection that the therapeutical process overlength leads to, and simultaneously, a plurality of positive electrodes 11 and a plurality of negative electrode 12 and a plurality of first optic fibre 21's setting, even can make and face great pathological change tissue, also need not to cut the wound, only need to pass human skin tissue with a plurality of positive electrodes 11 or the negative electrode 12 that cup joint first optic fibre 21, insert in the pathological change tissue, it is too big to avoid cutting the wound that the wound caused, be favorable to the recovery of wound, also can effectively avoid because the wound is too big to lead to subsequent problems such as wound infection.
In one embodiment, the positive electrode 11 is a metal electrode;
and or, the negative electrode 12 is a metal electrode; of course, in other embodiments, the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 may be electrodes made of other materials.
That is to say, in this embodiment, the positive electrode 11 is a metal electrode, or the negative electrode 12 is a metal electrode, or both the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are metal electrodes;
in the embodiment, the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are provided as metal electrodes, so that the electrode 11 has good hardness to smoothly penetrate through the skin of a human body and be inserted into a pathological tissue, and meanwhile, the metal electrodes have good conductivity, so that sufficient current is provided to electrolyze tissue fluid, sufficient oxygen is generated, photoreaction of photosensitive drugs is facilitated, and the photodynamic therapy effect is improved.
Further, the material of the positive electrode 11 is an inert metal.
It can be understood that when the electrolyzer 10 electrolyzes tissue fluid, the positive electrode 11 of the electrolyzer 10 generates oxygen, and in this embodiment, by setting the material of the positive electrode 11 to be inert metal, the positive electrode 11 is not easily oxidized and corroded, so as to ensure the service life of the electrolyzer 10, and thus prolong the service life of the combined photovoltaic and electric apparatus. Of course, in other embodiments, the positive electrode 11 may be an electrode 11 made of other materials, such as a carbon rod.
The invention further provides a photodynamic therapy apparatus, which comprises a power supply, an image acquisition device and the above photoelectric combination apparatus, wherein the specific structure of the photoelectric combination apparatus refers to the above embodiments, and the photodynamic therapy apparatus adopts all technical schemes of all the above embodiments, so that the photodynamic therapy apparatus at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the above embodiments, and the details are not repeated.
Wherein, the image acquisition device is used for tracking and displaying the photosensitive medicine.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optoelectronic combiner, the optoelectronic combiner comprising:
a laser that, in operation, emits laser light to the photosensitive drug to activate the photosensitive drug;
an electrolyzer having electrodes in contact with the liquid, the electrolyzer for electrolyzing the liquid through the electrodes to react oxygen produced by the electrolysis with the photosensitive drug.
2. The optoelectronic cluster tool of claim 1, wherein the electrodes comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
3. The combined optical and electrical instrument of claim 2, wherein the positive electrode is a needle electrode;
and/or, the negative electrode needle electrode.
4. The combined optical and electrical instrument of claim 2, wherein the laser comprises a first optical fiber;
the positive electrode is arranged in a tubular shape and sleeved outside the first optical fiber;
and/or the negative electrode is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber.
5. The optoelectronic combination according to claim 4, wherein when the tubular positive electrode is disposed over the first optical fiber, an outer end of the first optical fiber is flush with an end of the tubular positive electrode;
or, the first optical fiber is arranged to penetrate the tubular positive electrode.
6. The optoelectronic combination according to claim 4, wherein when the tubular negative electrode is disposed over the first optical fiber, the outer end of the first optical fiber is flush with the end of the tubular negative electrode;
or the first optical fiber penetrates through the tubular cathode electrode to be arranged outside the first optical fiber.
7. The combined optical and electrical instrument of claim 2, wherein the laser comprises a plurality of first optical fibers; the electrolyzer comprises a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes;
the plurality of positive electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber;
and/or the plurality of negative electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside one first optical fiber.
8. The combined optical and electrical instrument of claim 2, wherein the positive electrode is a metal electrode
And or, the negative electrode is a metal electrode.
9. The optoelectronic combination according to claim 3, wherein when the positive electrode is a needle electrode, the positive electrode has a diameter of 5mm or less;
when the negative electrode is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode is less than or equal to 5 mm.
10. A photodynamic therapy device comprising a power supply, an image display device and a combined optical and electrical apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN112516462B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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