CN112516462B - Photoelectric combined instrument and photodynamic therapeutic apparatus - Google Patents

Photoelectric combined instrument and photodynamic therapeutic apparatus Download PDF

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CN112516462B
CN112516462B CN202011335336.5A CN202011335336A CN112516462B CN 112516462 B CN112516462 B CN 112516462B CN 202011335336 A CN202011335336 A CN 202011335336A CN 112516462 B CN112516462 B CN 112516462B
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tubular
electrode
optical fiber
positive electrode
negative electrode
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CN112516462A (en
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谢中建
卢锐涛
孟祥英
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Shenzhen Jiyin Biomedical Transformation Research Institute
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/0502—Skin piercing electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/067—Radiation therapy using light using laser light
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

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Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric combined instrument and a photodynamic therapeutic apparatus, wherein the photoelectric combined instrument comprises a laser and an electrolyzer, an electrode of the electrolyzer and an optical fiber of the laser can simultaneously act on pathological tissues preset with photosensitive drugs, and the laser emits laser to activate the photosensitive drugs preset in the pathological tissues; the electrolyzer can electrolyze tissue fluid in pathological tissues to generate sufficient oxygen so that the photosensitive medicine can be activated and fully react with the oxygen to generate singlet oxygen, kill pathological cells and improve the photodynamic therapy effect; the invention realizes continuous execution of photodynamic therapy, effectively kills pathological cells, and solves the problem that the treatment effect is seriously weakened due to environmental hypoxia of photodynamic therapy.

Description

Photoelectric combined instrument and photodynamic therapeutic apparatus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a photoelectric combined instrument and a photodynamic therapeutic instrument.
Background
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new method for treating neoplastic diseases with photosensitizing drugs and laser activation. The irradiation of the tumor site with a specific wavelength can activate the photosensitive drug selectively accumulated in the tumor tissue, and initiate photochemical reaction to destroy the tumor. The photosensitizing drugs in the new generation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) transfer energy to surrounding oxygen, generating highly reactive singlet oxygen. The singlet oxygen can perform oxidation reaction with the nearby biomacromolecule to generate cytotoxicity so as to kill tumor cells. PDT has the advantage over conventional tumor therapies that it enables accurate and effective treatment with minimal side effects. However, the hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment can influence the photodynamic generation of singlet oxygen, thereby influencing the treatment effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a photoelectric combined device, which aims to solve the problem that a photosensitive medicament lacks oxygen and cannot fully react with light to generate singlet oxygen during photodynamic therapy.
To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a photoelectric combination device comprising:
a laser that, in operation, emits laser light toward the photosensitive drug to activate the photosensitive drug;
an electrolyzer having electrodes in contact with the liquid for electrolyzing the liquid through the electrodes to react oxygen generated by the electrolysis with the photosensitive drug.
Optionally, the electrodes include a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
Optionally, the positive electrode is a needle electrode;
and/or, the negative electrode needle electrode.
Optionally, the laser comprises a first optical fiber;
the positive electrode is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber;
and/or the negative electrode is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber.
Optionally, when the tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber, the end part outside the first optical fiber is flush with the end part of the tubular positive electrode;
alternatively, the first optical fiber is arranged outside and penetrates through the tubular positive electrode.
Optionally, when the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber, the end part outside the first optical fiber is flush with the end part of the tubular negative electrode;
alternatively, the first optical fiber is disposed through the tubular negative electrode.
Optionally, the laser comprises a plurality of first optical fibers; the electrolyzer comprises a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes;
the positive electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber;
and/or, the plurality of negative electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside one first optical fiber.
Optionally, the positive electrode is a metal electrode
And/or, the negative electrode is a metal electrode.
Optionally, when the positive electrode is a needle electrode, the diameter of the positive electrode is 5mm or less;
when the negative electrode is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode is 5mm or less.
The invention also provides a photodynamic therapeutic apparatus, which comprises a power supply, an image display device and the photoelectric combined apparatus.
According to the invention, the laser and the electrolyzer are arranged, the electrode of the electrolyzer and the light transmission system of the laser can act on the pathological tissues preset with the photosensitive drugs at the same time, the light transmission system of the laser can emit laser to activate the photosensitive drugs in the pathological tissues, the electrolyzer can electrolyze tissue fluid in the pathological tissues to generate sufficient oxygen, so that the photosensitive drugs can be activated and fully react with the oxygen to generate singlet oxygen, kill pathological cells and improve the photodynamic treatment effect; the invention realizes continuous photodynamic therapy, effectively kills pathological cells, and simultaneously, the electrode of the electrolyzer and the optical fibers of the laser can be selectively inserted into the pathological cells or both sides of the pathological cells to pointedly irradiate pathological tissues, thereby avoiding injury to the human tissues caused by irradiation of large-scale laser; further reduces the side effect of photodynamic therapy, realizes minimally invasive, and reduces the damage to the skin or the functions of important inner cavity organs during the effective reduction treatment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an optoelectric combination apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the optoelectric combination apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of tumor volume and time;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a further embodiment of the optoelectric combination device of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
reference numerals Name of the name Reference numerals Name of the name
10 Electrolysis device 11 Positive electrode
20 Laser device 12 Negative electrode
21 First optical fiber
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "affixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "affixed" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral body; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The invention provides an optoelectronic combined instrument. The photosensitive medicine in the pathological tissues preset with the photosensitive medicine can be activated and fully subjected to photochemical reaction, so that the pathological tissues are damaged in a targeted manner, the photodynamic treatment effect can be effectively improved, and the side effects are reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the optoelectric combination apparatus is used for photodynamic therapy, the optoelectric combination apparatus comprising:
a laser 20, said laser 20 being operative to emit laser light toward the photosensitive medicament to activate the photosensitive medicament;
an electrolyzer 10 having electrodes in contact with the liquid, said electrolyzer 10 being adapted to electrolyze the liquid through said electrodes so that oxygen generated by the electrolysis reacts with the photosensitizing drug.
The laser 20 may emit laser light to irradiate the pathological tissue which has been selectively ingested and retained with a photosensitive drug (the photosensitive drug may be injected into the pathological tissue by injection, the photosensitive drug may use black phosphorus which has no toxic or side effect on the organism by degradation products to reduce the postoperative photosensitive reaction, or hematoporphyrin, hematoporphyrin derivatives and the like clinically use more photosensitive drugs to reduce the difficulty of material taking, or may use other photosensitizers to treat the pathological tissue, such as indocyanine green (ICG), nanomaterials, noble metal materials and the like, to activate the photosensitive drug in the pathological tissue, induce the photosensitive drug to have strong photochemical reaction with oxygen to generate very active singlet oxygen, thereby destroying important cellular components such as protein, lipid, nucleic acid and the like to achieve the purpose of treatment.
The wavelength and intensity of the laser light emitted by the laser 20 can be adjusted, specifically according to the actual setting, and in one embodiment, the intensity of the laser light emitted by the laser 20 is 0.1-1W/cm 2 . In one embodiment, the laser 20 emits laser light with a wavelength greater than or equal to 550nm and less than or equal to 750nm; in this embodiment, the laser 20 emits a laser lightThe wavelength of light is 660nm; the intensity of the laser light emitted by the laser 20 was 0.5W/cm 2 It should be appreciated that the laser intensity used in this embodiment is much less than that used in conventional phototherapy systems, so that the laser 20 generates less heat, effectively preventing the spread of cancer cells during treatment, and at the same time activating the photosensitizing drug to the maximum. Specifically, the laser 20 may include two parts, namely a laser emitter and an optical transmission system, where the laser emitter may be a diode laser 20, and the optical transmission system may be an optical fiber, and of course, the laser emitter and the optical transmission system may be specifically configured according to actual needs, and are not limited herein.
The electrolyzer 10 may include a power source, a positive electrode 11, and a negative electrode 12; the materials of the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 may be inert materials, such as graphite, platinum, etc., or metal materials, alloy materials, etc., specifically, the materials are set according to actual requirements, and are not limited herein; in this embodiment, the positive and negative electrodes may be inserted into the lesion tissue or inserted at both sides of the lesion tissue, and when the electrolyzer 10 works, the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 10 are energized by a power supply, the energizing voltage may be 1-10V, and this embodiment may be selected to be 3V; the method is particularly based on ensuring the safety of organisms and simultaneously reducing corrosion of positive and negative electrodes as much as possible, and is not limited herein; the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 10 electrolyze the pathological tissue or tissue fluid of the human tissue (of course, in other embodiments, the electrolyte can be added to generate oxygen so as to provide oxygen for photochemical reaction of the photosensitive medicine, so that the photosensitive medicine can fully generate photochemical reaction and enhance the effect of photodynamic therapy; in practical use, the positive electrode 11 of the electrolyzer 10; and/or, the negative electrode 12 and the optical fiber of the laser 20 are combined, and may be arranged in parallel, sleeved, etc., which is not limited herein; by coupling the optical fiber of the laser 20 with the positive electrode 11 of the electrolyzer 10; and/or the negative electrode 12 is combined, so that the volume of the photoelectric combined instrument inserted into a human body part is reduced, the trauma to the human body caused by the photoelectric combined instrument is reduced, meanwhile, oxygen generated by electrolysis of the electrolyzer 10 and laser emitted by the laser 20 act on a photosensitive medicament at the same position, the oxygen feeding precision and the laser irradiation position precision are increased, the photosensitive medicament and the oxygen fully generate photoreaction to generate singlet oxygen, and the precision and the effect of photodynamic therapy are further improved.
It can be understood that photodynamic therapy mainly uses laser to activate photosensitive drugs to make the photosensitive drugs react with oxygen, so as to generate singlet oxygen with strong activity, and the singlet oxygen can react with nearby biological macromolecules in an oxidizing way to generate cytotoxicity so as to kill tumor cells; that is, in order to secure the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy; oxygen, photosensitive drugs and laser are indispensable; however, the tumor microenvironment during the photodynamic therapy treatment of tumors belongs to the hypoxic tissue, and along with the progress of the photoreaction, a large amount of oxygen is consumed, so that the oxygen amount near the tissue is gradually reduced, the progress of the photoreaction is greatly influenced, and the photodynamic therapy effect is seriously weakened.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the electrolyzer 10 and the laser 20, the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 10 are placed on both sides of the tumor or inserted into the tumor, the electrolyzer 10 is powered by the power supply, so that the positive and negative electrodes of the electrolyzer 10 can electrolyze tissue fluid in the tumor to generate oxygen, and the laser 20 is used to emit laser to activate the photosensitive medicine, so that the photosensitive medicine can be activated by the laser and fully react with the oxygen to generate sufficient singlet oxygen, thereby destroying important cell components such as protein, lipid, nucleic acid, etc., further improving the accuracy and effect of photodynamic therapy, and solving the problems that the lack of oxygen affects the photoreaction in the photodynamic therapy process, thereby further treating the effect.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of the tumor volume and time recorded for the treatment of mouse subcutaneous tumor with the photoelectric combination device of the present invention, wherein the comparison of the tumor volume and time are set;
control group 1: 3 spare mice were taken and 50ul of PBS solution of black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex was injected to the tumor site of each mouse. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out tumor volume statistics on the mice; mice tumor volume was followed up to 20 days after cessation of treatment.
Control group 2: taking 3 spare mice, injecting 50ul of PBS solution of black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex into tumor part of each mouse, and controlling the laser 20 to irradiate the tumor part for 10 min with laser intensity of 0.5W/cm 2 . Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out tumor volume statistics on the mice; mice tumor volume was followed up to 20 days after cessation of treatment.
Control group 3: taking 3 spare mice, injecting 50ul of PBS solution of black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex into the tumor part of each mouse, and then controlling the electrolyzer 10 to electrolyze the tumor part for 5 minutes with the voltage of 3V. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out tumor volume statistics on the mice; mice tumor volume was followed up to 20 days after cessation of treatment.
Control group 4: taking 3 spare mice, injecting 50ul of PBS solution of black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex into tumor part of each mouse, and controlling the laser 20 to irradiate the tumor part for 10 min with laser intensity of 0.5W/cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After 4 hours, the electrolyzer 10 was controlled to electrolyze the tumor site for another 5 minutes at a voltage of 3V. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out tumor volume statistics on the mice; mice tumor volume was followed up to 20 days after cessation of treatment.
Control group 5: taking 3 spare mice, respectively injecting 50ul of PBS solution of black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex into the tumor part of each mouse, and then controlling the electrolyzer 10 to electrolyze the tumor part for 5 minutes with the voltage of 3V; after 4 hours, the laser 20 was controlled to irradiate the tumor site with laser light for 10 minutes at a laser intensity of 0.5W/cm 2 . Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out tumor volume statistics on the mice; mice tumor volume was followed up to 20 days after cessation of treatment.
Treatment group: taking 3 spare mice, injecting 50ul of PBS solution of black phosphorus-PEG-NH 2 complex into tumor part of each mouse, and simultaneously controlling the laser 20 to irradiate the tumor part for 10 min with laser intensity of 0.5W/cm 2 And the pair of electrolyzers 10The tumor site was electrolyzed for 5 minutes at a voltage of 3V. Continuously treating for 7 days, and then carrying out tumor volume statistics on the mice; mice tumor volume was followed up to 20 days after cessation of treatment. Wherein the abscissa of fig. 3 is the treatment time and the ordinate is the tumor volume; in particular, the method comprises the steps of,
BP represents the tumor volume change curve of the mice of control group 1;
bp+l represents the tumor volume change curve of the mice of control group 2;
bp+e represents the tumor volume change curve of mice of control group 3;
bp+l+e represents the tumor volume change curve of mice of control group 4;
bp+e+l represents the tumor volume change curve of mice of control group 5;
bp+l & E represents tumor volume change curves of mice of the treatment group;
from the results shown in fig. 3, it can be clearly seen that the photoelectric combined apparatus of the present invention achieves the best therapeutic effect and can effectively treat tumors. In practice, the tumors of the treated mice eventually scab and then decrustate, with the tumors completely eliminated.
According to the invention, by arranging the laser 20 and the electrolyzer 10, the electrode of the electrolyzer 10 and the light transmission system of the laser 20 can act on pathological tissues preset with photosensitive drugs at the same time, the light transmission system of the laser 20 emits laser to activate the photosensitive drugs in the pathological tissues, and the electrolyzer 10 electrolyzes tissue fluid in the pathological tissues to generate sufficient oxygen, so that the photosensitive drugs can be activated and fully react with the oxygen to generate singlet oxygen, kill pathological cells and improve the photodynamic therapy effect; the invention realizes continuous photodynamic therapy, effectively kills pathological cells, and simultaneously, as the electrode of the electrolyzer 10 and the optical fibers of the laser 20 can be selectively inserted into the pathological cells or both sides of the pathological cells, the injury to human tissues caused by irradiation of a large range of laser light to human tissues is avoided; further reduces the side effect of photodynamic therapy, realizes minimally invasive, and reduces the damage to the skin or the functions of important inner cavity organs during the effective reduction treatment.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the electrodes include a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12.
The positive electrode 11 can be connected with a positive electrode of a power supply, the negative electrode 12 can be connected with a negative electrode of the power supply, and when the photoelectric combined instrument works, the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 can be inserted into two sides of pathological tissues or pathological tissues and pass through the power supply, so that the positive electrode 11 generates oxygen.
Further, the positive electrode is a needle electrode;
and/or, the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode.
That is, the positive electrode 11 in the present embodiment is a needle electrode, or the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode, or the positive electrode 11 is a needle electrode while the negative electrode is a needle electrode;
it will be appreciated that the needle-like electrode in this embodiment can be inserted into a lesion tissue, and the needle-like positive electrode 11 and the needle-like negative electrode 12 can be easily inserted into both sides of the lesion tissue or into the lesion tissue by inserting the needle-like positive electrode 11 and the needle-like negative electrode 12 into the lesion tissue, so that the incision of the skin tissue of the human body is not required, which is advantageous in reducing the resulting wound, in facilitating the recovery of the wound and in reducing the possibility of subsequent infection.
Alternatively, when the positive electrode 11 is a needle-shaped electrode, the diameter of the positive electrode 11 is 5mm or less; when the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode 12 is 5mm or less.
That is, the positive electrode 11 in the present embodiment is a needle-like electrode and has a diameter of 5mm or less, or the negative electrode 12 is a needle-like electrode and has a diameter of 5mm or less, or the positive electrode 11 is a needle-like electrode while the negative electrode 12 is a needle-like electrode, and both the diameters of the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are 5mm or less;
in the embodiment, when the positive electrode 11 is a needle-shaped electrode, the diameter of the positive electrode 11 is less than or equal to 5mm; when the negative electrode 12 is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode 12 is less than or equal to 5mm, so that in actual operation, the needle-shaped positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 only need to penetrate through skin tissue of a human body and be inserted into lesion tissue, thereby avoiding overlarge wound caused by incision wound in operation, being beneficial to recovery of the wound and also effectively avoiding subsequent problems such as wound infection caused by overlarge wound.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, further, the laser 20 includes a first optical fiber 21;
the positive electrode 11 is in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21;
and/or, the negative electrode 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21.
In this embodiment, the number of the first optical fibers 21 may be one or plural, and when one first optical fiber 21 is provided, the first optical fiber may be inserted into the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12, and when a plurality of first optical fibers 21, for example, two first optical fibers, the tubular positive electrode 11 and the tubular negative electrode 12 may be respectively sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21. In practical application, the positive electrode 11 may be configured in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21; similarly, the negative electrode 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21; or the number of the first optical fibers 21 is two, the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside one first optical fiber 21, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the other first optical fiber 21. In this way, the first optical fiber 21 and the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12 are integrally arranged, which is beneficial to reducing steps in actual operation, shortening treatment time and improving treatment efficiency. Meanwhile, the first optical fiber 21 and the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12 are integrally arranged, and during treatment, sufficient oxygen can be provided in a laser irradiation area only by operating the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12, so that the problem of low oxygen supply accuracy is solved, and the treatment effect is improved; meanwhile, the complexity of operation can be reduced, and the manual operation cost is reduced.
In this embodiment, by sleeving the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 on the first optical fiber 21, when the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are inserted into the lesion tissue in practical application, the first optical fiber 21 is also inserted into the lesion tissue, and the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 can easily pass through the skin of a human body with the first optical fiber 21 by using the hardness of the electrode and the penetrating capability of the needle-shaped electrode 11, and is inserted into the lesion tissue, and meanwhile, the electrode wraps the first optical fiber 21, so that the optical fiber cannot be broken by force (the optical fiber is brittle) when passing through the skin of the human body and being inserted into the lesion tissue.
In addition, when it is to be noted that, since the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, the electrode 11 and the optical fiber can act on the same position at the same time, that is, the oxygen generated by the electrolyte of the electrode 11 and the laser transmitted by the optical fiber can act on the photosensitive medicament at the same position of the pathological tissue, so that the selection of the treatment position of the photoelectric combined apparatus is effectively improved, the oxygen feeding precision in the photodynamic treatment process and the precision of laser irradiation are ensured, and the laser irradiation precision is not required to be irradiated in a large area, in practical application, a user can accurately act on the pathological tissue preset with the photosensitive medicament with the oxygen and the laser, thereby accurately and fully performing photodynamic treatment, being beneficial to improving the effect and precision of photodynamic treatment and reducing the damage of the laser to other human tissues during photodynamic treatment.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, further, the end of the first optical fiber 21 is exposed, the positive electrode 11 is in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved on the exposed portion of the first optical fiber 21; and/or, the negative electrode 12 is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber 21.
That is, the end of the first optical fiber 21 is exposed, the positive electrode 11 is in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved on the exposed portion of the first optical fiber 21; or, the end of the first optical fiber 21 is exposed, the negative electrode 12 is in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber 21; or, the number of the first optical fibers 21 is two, the tail ends of the two first optical fibers 21 are exposed, the positive electrode 11 is in a tubular shape, the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved on one exposed part of the first optical fibers 21, the negative electrode 12 is in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved on the exposed part of the other first optical fibers 21.
It will be appreciated that the outer surface of the fiber is covered with a layer of glass or other transparent material having a refractive index slightly lower than that of the core, so as to limit light propagation within the core, and that the outermost layer of the fiber is also provided with a polymer cladding, which may be referred to as the removal of the outermost cladding in this embodiment; of course, in other embodiments, a layer of glass or other transparent material covered on the outer surface of the optical fiber and the outermost polymer cladding layer may be removed at the same time, and the arrangement is specifically performed according to the actual situation, and is not limited herein.
The present embodiment exposes the end of the first optical fiber 21, so that the tubular positive electrode 11; and or the tubular negative electrode 12 can be sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber 21, so that the diameter of the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 sleeved on the first optical fiber 21 is reduced, the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 can easily penetrate through the skin of a human body during photodynamic therapy and is inserted into lesion tissues, the wounds on the human body are further reduced, the minimally invasive effect in the therapy process is realized, in actual operation, the positive electrode 11 or the negative electrode 12 sleeved on the first optical fiber 21 only needs to penetrate through the skin tissues of the human body and is inserted into the lesion tissues, the wound caused by cutting the wound is avoided, the recovery of the wound is facilitated, and the subsequent problems such as wound infection and the like caused by the oversized wound can also be effectively avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, further, when the tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, an end portion outside the first optical fiber 21 is flush with an end portion of the tubular positive electrode 11; alternatively, the first optical fiber 21 is disposed so as to extend through the tubular positive electrode 11.
Further, when the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, the end outside the first optical fiber 21 is flush with the end of the tubular negative electrode 12; alternatively, the first optical fiber 21 is disposed so as to extend through the tubular negative electrode 12.
It can be understood that, in this embodiment, when the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21, the end outside the first optical fiber 21 is flush with the end of the tubular positive electrode 11; alternatively, the first optical fiber 21 passes through the tubular positive electrode 11 or the tubular negative electrode 12. The distance that the laser reaches the pathological tissue after being emitted from the optical fiber can be reduced, so that the energy loss in the laser transmission process is reduced, the full activation of the photosensitive medicine by the laser energy is ensured, the full photoreaction is generated, and the improvement of the photodynamic therapy effect is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the laser 20 includes a plurality of first optical fibers 21; the electrolyzer 10 comprises a plurality of positive electrodes 11 and a plurality of negative electrodes 12;
the positive electrodes 11 are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular positive electrode 11 is sleeved outside the first optical fiber 21;
and/or, the plurality of negative electrodes 12 are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular negative electrode 12 is sleeved outside one of the first optical fibers 21.
In the present embodiment, the lesion tissue may be divided into a plurality of portions.
It may be that one positive electrode 11 and one negative electrode 12 are spliced with one or two first optical fibers 21 at a first portion of the lesion tissue (the electrode and optical fiber connection structure refers to the above-described embodiment);
a further positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12 are provided with one or two first optical fibers 21 inserted in a second portion of the lesion tissue (the electrode and optical fiber connection structure is as described above with reference to the embodiments); and by analogy, the pathological tissue is divided into a plurality of parts for electrolysis and photodynamic therapy respectively, thereby realizing multidirectional photodynamic therapy of the pathological tissue while avoiding mutual interference among electrodes, effectively improving the efficiency of photodynamic therapy, shortening the photodynamic therapy time, avoiding subsequent problems such as infection caused by overlong therapy process, and simultaneously, the arrangement of a plurality of positive electrodes 11, a plurality of negative electrodes 12 and a plurality of first optical fibers 21 can ensure that even facing larger pathological tissue, a wound is not required to be cut, only a plurality of positive electrodes 11 or negative electrodes 12 sleeved with the first optical fibers 21 penetrate through skin tissue of a human body and are inserted into the pathological tissue, thereby avoiding overlarge wound caused by cutting the wound, being beneficial to wound recovery and effectively avoiding subsequent problems such as wound infection caused by overlarge wound.
In one embodiment, the positive electrode 11 is a metal electrode;
and/or, the negative electrode 12 is a metal electrode; of course, in other embodiments, the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 may be electrodes made of other materials.
That is, in this embodiment, the positive electrode 11 is a metal electrode, or the negative electrode 12 is a metal electrode, or both the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are metal electrodes;
in this embodiment, the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 are made of metal electrodes, so that the electrodes 11 have good hardness to smoothly penetrate through the skin of a human body and be inserted into pathological tissues, and meanwhile, the metal electrodes have good conductivity, so that sufficient current is provided to electrolyze tissue fluid, sufficient oxygen is generated, photoreaction of photosensitive drugs is facilitated, and thus photodynamic therapy effect is improved.
Further, the material of the positive electrode 11 is an inert metal.
It can be understood that when the electrolyzer 10 electrolyzes the tissue fluid, the positive electrode 11 of the electrolyzer 10 generates oxygen, and the material of the positive electrode 11 is inert metal, so that the positive electrode 11 is not easy to be oxidized and corroded, the service life of the electrolyzer 10 is ensured, and the service life of the photoelectric combined apparatus is prolonged. Of course, in other embodiments, the positive electrode 11 may be an electrode 11 made of other materials, such as a carbon rod.
The invention also provides a photodynamic therapeutic apparatus, which comprises a power supply, an image acquisition device and the photoelectric combined apparatus, wherein the specific structure of the photoelectric combined apparatus refers to the embodiment, and the photodynamic therapeutic apparatus at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiment because the photodynamic therapeutic apparatus adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, and the detailed description is omitted.
The image acquisition device is used for tracking and displaying the photosensitive medicine.
The foregoing description is only of the optional embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all the equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A photovoltaic co-machine, the photovoltaic co-machine comprising:
a laser that, in operation, emits laser light toward the photosensitive drug to activate the photosensitive drug; wherein the laser emitted by the laser has the laser intensity of 0.1-1W/cm 2 ；
An electrolyzer having electrodes in contact with the liquid, the electrolyzer being for electrolyzing the liquid through the electrodes to react oxygen generated by the electrolysis with the photosensitive medicament; the electrode comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode;
the laser comprises a first optical fiber,
the positive electrode is in tubular arrangement, the tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber,
or, the negative electrode is in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber;
or the laser comprises a plurality of first optical fibers,
the positive electrode is in tubular arrangement, the tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber,
the negative electrode is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the other first optical fiber;
the tail end of the first optical fiber is exposed, the positive electrode is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular positive electrode is sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber; and/or the negative electrode is arranged in a tubular shape, and the tubular negative electrode is sleeved on the exposed part of the first optical fiber.
2. The optoelectric composite device of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode is a needle electrode;
and/or, the negative electrode needle electrode.
3. The optoelectric composite apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber, an end outside the first optical fiber is flush with an end of the tubular positive electrode;
alternatively, the first optical fiber is arranged outside and penetrates through the tubular positive electrode.
4. The optoelectric composite apparatus of claim 1, wherein when the tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the first optical fiber, an end outside the first optical fiber is flush with an end of the tubular negative electrode;
alternatively, the first optical fiber is disposed through the tubular negative electrode.
5. The optoelectric composite device of claim 1, wherein when the laser comprises a plurality of first optical fibers; the electrolyzer comprises a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes;
the positive electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular positive electrode is sleeved outside one first optical fiber;
and/or the plurality of negative electrodes are arranged in a tubular shape, and each tubular negative electrode is sleeved outside the rest of the first optical fibers.
6. The optoelectric composite device of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode is a metal electrode;
and/or, the negative electrode is a metal electrode.
7. The optoelectric composite apparatus of claim 2, wherein when the positive electrode is a needle-like electrode, the positive electrode has a diameter of 5mm or less; when the negative electrode is a needle electrode, the diameter of the negative electrode is 5mm or less.
8. A photodynamic therapy device comprising a power source, an image display device and a photoelectric combination device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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