CN112495361A - 一种环保型高效复合光触媒 - Google Patents
一种环保型高效复合光触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl Chemical compound [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten(VI) oxide Inorganic materials O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种环保型高效复合光触媒，所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：活活性炭25‑32份、二氧化硅5‑10份、二氧化钛15‑20份、石墨烯10‑14份、稀释剂3‑6份、无水乙醇8‑12份；本发明将常规室内使用的活性炭和二氧化硅进行复合加工，制成复合型光触媒，实现空气中紫外线、甲醛、粉尘能够同时被吸收的目的，且复合的光触媒减少重金属的使用，为家庭使用带来了一定的安全性，避免儿童或宠物造成误食而带来生命危险的问题，材料简单易获取，生产工艺简单易制备，且石墨烯和二氧化钛采用稀有贵金属离子搭载技术，使金属粒子容易与非金属离子掺杂耦合，突破了二氧化钛只能在紫外光条件下才能分解污染物的限制，解决了现有光触媒功能单一、吸附效率低下的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于光催化剂制备技术领域，具体涉及一种环保型高效复合光触媒。
背景技术
光触媒也叫光催化剂，是一种以纳米级二氧化钛为代表的具有光催化功能的半导体材料的总称。具有代表性的光触媒材料是二氧化钛，它能在光照射下产生强氧化性的物质(如羟基自由基、氧气等)，并且可用于分解有机化合物、部分无机化合物、细菌及病毒等。日常生活中，光触媒能有效地降解空气中有毒有害气体如甲醛等，高效净化空气；同时，能够有效杀灭多种细菌，并能将细菌或真菌释放出的毒素分解及无害化处理。
常用的光触媒材料主要为N型半导体材料，具有禁带宽度低等特点，常用的光触媒半导体材料为二氧化钛；ZrO2、ZnO、CdS、WO3、Fe2O3、PbS、SnO2、ZnS、 SrTiO3、SiO2等也是光触媒材料，2000年以来又发现一些纳米贵金属(铂、铑、钯等)具有更好的光催化性能，但由于其中大多数易发生化学或光化学腐蚀，然而贵金属成本则过高，都不适于日常应用。
而现有技术中只有单体结构的光触媒，使用时只能实现单功能作用，无法同时高效的吸附空气中甲醛、紫外线、粉尘等有害物，且受紫外线影响难以分解有害物的问题，因此需要一种环保的复合光触媒。
发明内容
针对上述背景技术提出的技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种环保型高效复合光触媒，所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭25-32份、二氧化硅5-10份、二氧化钛15-20份、石墨烯10-14份、稀释剂3-6份、无水乙醇8-12份。
较佳的，所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭27-30份、二氧化硅7-8份、二氧化钛16-19份、石墨烯11-13份、稀释剂4-5份、无水乙醇9-11份。
较佳的，所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭28份、二氧化硅7.5份、二氧化钛18份、石墨烯12份、稀释剂4.5 份、无水乙醇10份。
较佳的，所述稀释剂是一种碱性溶液。
较佳的，所述二氧化钛的粒径小于0.1mm。
较佳的，所述二氧化硅的粒径小于0.5mm。
较佳的，所述活性炭的粒径小于0.3mm。
一种环保型高效复合光触媒，其制备方法为：
将对应量的石墨烯通过酸性混合试剂和高锰酸钾水浴混合后，加热至80℃搅拌1h，获得黑色混合液；
向上述黑色混合液中加入去离子水、30％过氧化氢溶液和盐酸溶液，混合搅拌获得黄棕色溶液；
将黄棕色溶液去离子水洗涤、离心分散后，在恒温条件下真空干燥3h，得到氧化石墨烯；
将对应量的二氧化钛和氧化石墨烯通过超声波处理混合分散在乙醇中，照射紫外光辐照5h-6h，进行还原处理，获得石墨烯-二氧化钛复合纳米材料；
将二氧化硅倒至反应釜中，加入对应量的氢氧化钠溶液，加热至80℃-100℃，获得硅酸钠粘合体；
向硅酸钠粘合体内加入活性炭搅拌均匀后，加入无水乙醇混合，搅拌 15-20min，获得活性炭混合物；
将活性炭混合物在160℃以上持续烘干2h，获得干燥的硅碳混合材料；
将石墨烯-二氧化钛纳米复合材料和硅碳混合材料混合搅拌均匀，无纺布包装，入库即可。
采用本发明技术方案，获得以下有益效果：
1、本发明将常规室内使用的活性炭和二氧化硅进行复合加工，制成复合型光触媒，实现空气中紫外线、甲醛、粉尘能够同时被吸收的目的，且复合的光触媒减少重金属的使用，为家庭使用带来了一定的安全性，避免儿童或宠物造成误食而带来生命危险的问题，材料简单易获取，生产工艺简单易制备；
2、本发明采用稀有贵金属离子搭载技术，使金属粒子容易与非金属离子掺杂耦合，突破了二氧化钛只能在紫外光条件下才能分解污染物的限制，解决了以往激发波段窄、光催化效率低等技术难题，这一突破使光触媒在可见光条件下也能有效分解污染物。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明，下面结合实施例对本发明技术方案进一步说明。
实施例1
一种环保型高效复合光触媒，所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭25-32份、二氧化硅5-10份、二氧化钛15-20份、石墨烯10-14份、稀释剂3-6份、无水乙醇8-12份。
所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭27-30份、二氧化硅7-8份、二氧化钛16-19份、石墨烯11-13份、稀释剂4-5份、无水乙醇9-11份。
所述稀释剂是一种碱性溶液。
所述二氧化钛的粒径小于0.1mm。
所述二氧化硅的粒径小于0.5mm。
所述活性炭的粒径小于0.3mm。
具体实施例1
按照上述重量组分为：活性炭28份、二氧化硅7.5份、二氧化钛18份、石墨烯12份、稀释剂4.5份、无水乙醇10份。
具体的加工方法：将对应量的石墨烯通过酸性混合试剂和高锰酸钾水浴混合后，加热至80℃搅拌1h，获得黑色混合液；
向上述黑色混合液中加入去离子水、30％过氧化氢溶液和盐酸溶液，混合搅拌获得黄棕色溶液；
将黄棕色溶液去离子水洗涤、离心分散后，在恒温条件下真空干燥3h，得到氧化石墨烯；
将对应量的二氧化钛和氧化石墨烯通过超声波处理混合分散在乙醇中，照射紫外光辐照5h-6h，进行还原处理，获得石墨烯-二氧化钛复合纳米材料；
将二氧化硅倒至反应釜中，加入对应量的氢氧化钠溶液，加热至80℃-100℃，获得硅酸钠粘合体；
向硅酸钠粘合体内加入活性炭搅拌均匀后，加入无水乙醇混合，搅拌15-20min，获得活性炭混合物；
将活性炭混合物在160℃以上持续烘干2h，获得干燥的硅碳混合材料；
将石墨烯-二氧化钛纳米复合材料和硅碳混合材料混合搅拌均匀，无纺布包装，入库即可。
本发明采用稀有贵金属离子搭载技术，使金属粒子容易与非金属离子掺杂耦合，突破了二氧化钛只能在紫外光条件下才能分解污染物的限制，解决了以往激发波段窄、光催化效率低等技术难题，这一突破使光触媒在可见光条件下也能有效分解污染物。
经上述方法获得的复合光触媒，适用于家庭、办公、商业等日常环境，二氧化硅具有较好的紫外线吸收力，二氧化钛本身具备良好的亲水性，活性炭具有杀菌和良好的吸附灰尘的效果，故复合的光触媒能够实现高效的作用。
上述实施例仅示例性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (8)
1.一种环保型高效复合光触媒，其特征在于：所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭25-32份、二氧化硅5-10份、二氧化钛15-20份、石墨烯10-14份、稀释剂3-6份、无水乙醇8-12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合光触媒，其特征在于：所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭27-30份、二氧化硅7-8份、二氧化钛16-19份、石墨烯11-13份、稀释剂4-5份、无水乙醇9-11份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的复合光触媒，其特征在于：所述复合光触媒按照重量组分包括：
活性炭28份、二氧化硅7.5份、二氧化钛18份、石墨烯12份、稀释剂4.5份、无水乙醇10份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的复合光触媒，其特征在于：所述稀释剂是一种碱性溶液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的复合光触媒，其特征在于：所述二氧化钛的粒径小于0.1mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的复合光触媒，其特征在于：所述二氧化硅的粒径小于0.5mm。
7.根据权利要求6所述的复合光触媒，其特征在于：所述活性炭的粒径小于0.3mm。
8.一种环保型高效复合光触媒，其特征在于：其制备方法为：
将对应量的石墨烯通过酸性混合试剂和高锰酸钾水浴混合后，加热至80℃搅拌1h，获得黑色混合液；
向上述黑色混合液中加入去离子水、30%过氧化氢溶液和盐酸溶液，混合搅拌获得黄棕色溶液；
将黄棕色溶液去离子水洗涤、离心分散后，在恒温条件下真空干燥3h，得到氧化石墨烯；
将对应量的二氧化钛和氧化石墨烯通过超声波处理混合分散在乙醇中，照射紫外光辐照5h-6h，进行还原处理，获得石墨烯-二氧化钛复合纳米材料；
将二氧化硅倒至反应釜中，加入对应量的氢氧化钠溶液，加热至80℃-100℃，获得硅酸钠粘合体；
向硅酸钠粘合体内加入活性炭搅拌均匀后，加入无水乙醇混合，搅拌15-20min，获得活性炭混合物；
将活性炭混合物在160℃以上持续烘干2h，获得干燥的硅碳混合材料；
将石墨烯-二氧化钛纳米复合材料和硅碳混合材料混合搅拌均匀，无纺布包装，入库即可。
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