CN112479388A

CN112479388A - Throw pillow formula biological chinampa water purification system

Info

Publication number: CN112479388A
Application number: CN202011489120.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈学群; 田婵娟; 刘彩虹; 王爱芹; 辛光明; 常雅雯; 李成光; 刘丹
Original assignee: Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province
Current assignee: Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province
Priority date: 2020-12-16
Filing date: 2020-12-16
Publication date: 2021-03-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a pillow type biological floating island water quality purification system, which belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering and biological treatment of polluted water, and comprises a biological floating bed, a root system protection net, an underwater purification system and a fixing device which are arranged from top to bottom, wherein the biological floating bed comprises a floating frame, a plurality of composite floating bodies and planting pillows. According to the throw pillow type biological floating island water quality purification system provided by the invention, the planting throw pillow is used as a carrier for cultivating aquatic plants, so that the weight of the biological floating island is increased, the biological floating island is relatively stable, and the biological floating island can be installed on a larger water surface; the floating bed has adjustable specification, easy assembly, and high strength, and has the characteristics of bending resistance, bending resistance and energy absorption; when the waves fluctuate, the torque borne by the floating bed is offset by the flexible connecting piece; the structures of all layers forming the composite floating body are matched with each other, so that the strength of the composite floating body is improved, the problem that a pure polystyrene material is easy to break in the moving process is solved, and the composite floating body is environment-friendly and pollution-free.

Description

Throw pillow formula biological chinampa water purification system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pillow type biological floating island water quality purification system, and belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering and biological treatment of polluted water.

Background

The biological floating island adopts light materials to provide buoyancy force to enable the aquatic plants to be fixed and float on the water surface for growth, and the plants absorb nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water in the growth process, so that the purpose of water quality purification is achieved, and the effect of beautifying the environment can be achieved. The upstream area of the large reservoir is generally a hilly area, the land of the mountainous area is relatively barren, the application amount of the pesticide and the chemical fertilizer is large, the integral gradient in the area is large, the pesticide and the chemical fertilizer enter surface water after rainfall, strong agricultural non-point source pollution is generated, the pesticide and the chemical fertilizer are finally gathered into the reservoir, the pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus of the reservoir is caused, and the biological floating island is an effective mode for purifying the water quality of the reservoir. The traditional biological floating island is unreasonable in arrangement, and the following defects are found in the water quality purification process applied to the large reservoir: (1) the water purification is to directly fix the vegetation on the floating bed frame, so that the growth of the transplanted plants is slow without soil, part of the plants are easy to die, the plants need to be replaced in time after being dead, and the workload is large. (2) The traditional biological floating island is light in overall weight, easy to wash when installed in a reservoir with large stormy waves and poor in water quality treatment effect close to the root position of vegetation. (3) The biological floating bed is usually large in size, and has the problem of difficult transportation after being assembled into a finished product in a factory, and if the biological floating bed is assembled on site, the mass production is difficult to realize, so that the production efficiency is reduced. (4) The currently used rigid floating bed structure has poor energy dissipation performance and is easy to damage under the conditions of wind load and water load in water for a long time. (5) The existing biological floating bed is mainly made of polyvinyl chloride which is poor in stability to light and heat, easy to decompose through exposure to the sun, toxic and easy to cause secondary pollution to water and the environment. (6) At the present stage, the biological floating bed mainly removes water pollutants through the absorption of the root systems of aquatic vegetation, and the absorption capacity of the aquatic vegetation for the water pollutants is reduced when the vegetation overwintering in northern areas.

The invention aims to provide a water quality improving system of a biological floating bed, which aims to solve the defects that the prior biological floating bed has poor stability, plants are not easy to replace after dying, floating body materials pollute the environment, have short service life and are fragile, and the biological floating bed has low water purifying efficiency in winter, poor construction operability and the like.

The above description is included in the technical recognition scope of the inventors, and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pillow type biological floating island water purification system for solving the problems in the prior art, which can be installed on a larger water surface, can prevent wind waves from scouring the biological floating island, can purify water in winter, improves the water purification efficiency, is easy to assemble, has high strength, is environment-friendly and has no pollution.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:

the utility model provides a pillow formula biological chinampa water purification system, includes that top-down sets up:

a biological floating bed;

the root system protection net is hung below the biological floating bed so as to enclose a root system protection area together with the bottom of the biological floating bed;

the underwater purification system comprises hanging biological fillers and/or purification bags which are uniformly distributed and hung below a root system protection net;

the fixing device comprises a plurality of fixing devices fixed on the riverbed, and the periphery of the biological floating bed is connected with the fixing devices through positioning ropes.

Optionally, the biological floating bed comprises:

the floating frame is surrounded by a top geogrid, a bottom geogrid and a side geogrid;

the composite floating bodies are arranged in the floating frame, the composite floating bodies are mutually connected to enclose a plurality of vegetation planting areas, and the top geogrid above the vegetation planting areas is provided with vegetation planting openings;

the planting throw pillow is filled with a culture medium, the planting throw pillow is made of geotextile with plant root systems capable of growing, and a planting opening is formed in the top of the planting throw pillow.

Optionally, the planting bolster comprises a pillow bag, a cultivation medium is filled in the pillow bag, the pillow bag is made of geotextile with plant root systems capable of growing, and a cultivation opening is formed in the top of the pillow bag.

Optionally, the composite floating body comprises an inner core, a protection net, a reinforcing rib layer, an outer protection layer and a geogrid layer which are sequentially wrapped from inside to outside, and the geogrids on the surface of the composite floating body are connected by the adjacent composite floating bodies through buckles.

Optionally, the inner core, the protection net and the reinforcement layer are uniformly connected and fixed by steam nails, and the outer protection layer is sprayed and cured on the surface of the reinforcement layer.

Optionally, the inner core is made of expanded polystyrene, the protection net is made of a nylon wire mesh, the reinforcement layer is made of geogrid, and the outer protection layer is made of polyurethane.

The root system protection net is hung below the combined biological floating bed so as to form a root system protection area together with the bottom of the combined biological floating bed; the underwater purification system comprises hanging biological fillers and/or purification bags which are uniformly distributed and hung below a root system protection net; the fixing device comprises a plurality of fixing devices fixed on the riverbed, and the periphery of the biological floating bed is connected with the fixing devices through positioning ropes.

Optionally, hanging biofilm carrier chooses for use carbon fiber ecological grass, the purification bag is including hanging the bag and filling the purification filler in hanging the bag, it chooses for use pellicle or geotechnological cloth to make to hang the bag.

The number of the biological floating beds is multiple, and the adjacent biological floating beds are connected through a flexible connecting piece.

Optionally, the flexible connector comprises:

the connecting shaft is vertically fixed on the periphery of the floating frame;

the connecting shaft is sleeved with a connecting piece, the connecting piece is provided with a connecting hole, the axis of the connecting hole is perpendicular to the connecting shaft, and the connecting pieces on two adjacent floating frames are connected through bolts or rope bodies penetrating through the connecting holes.

Optionally, the surface of the floating frame is provided with a reinforcing plate, the reinforcing plate is fixed on a top geogrid, a bottom geogrid or a side geogrid of the floating frame, and the connecting shaft is fixed on the reinforcing plate.

Benefits of the present application include, but are not limited to:

the throw pillow type biological floating island water purification system provided by the invention comprises a biological floating bed, a root system protection net, an underwater purification system and a fixing device, wherein (1) planting throw pillows are used as aquatic plant cultivation carriers, so that the weight of the biological floating island is increased, the biological floating island is relatively stable and is not easy to incline, the biological floating island can be installed on a large water surface, and meanwhile, the biological floating island is prevented from being washed by wind waves. (2) The cultivation medium in the planting throw pillow is large in capacity, provides nutrition and root growth space for plants, is favorable for the rapid growth of plant roots, reduces the death rate of the transplanted plants, and is convenient to take out and replace the corresponding planting throw pillow when the plants die. (3) The aquatic plant growth in-process root system passes and plants the throw pillow and stretches into the aquatic, absorbs the pollutant of aquatic, still can extend to adjacent planting throw pillow in, makes the crisscross series connection of aquatic plant root system in the adjacent planting throw pillow, improves the stability of superficial bed, builds biological habitat, becomes biological chinampa. (4) The underwater purification system can adsorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, provides parasitism for microorganisms, improves the self-purification capacity of the water body, can purify water in winter and improves the water purification efficiency; (5) the number of the biological floating beds can be flexibly matched, so that the floating beds can be adjusted in specification, are easy to assemble, are suitable for production in various scenes and different environmental requirements, and have strong construction operability; (6) the adjacent biological floating beds are connected through the flexible connecting piece, when the biological floating beds fluctuate along with waves, the torque borne by the floating beds is offset through the flexible connecting piece, so that the connection between the biological floating beds and the biological floating beds is safer and firmer; (7) the biological floating bed comprises a floating frame, a composite floating body and a planting throw pillow, wherein the composite floating body is arranged in the floating frame and comprises an inner core, a protective net, a reinforcing rib layer, an outer protective layer and a geogrid layer which are sequentially wrapped from inside to outside, and all layers of structures forming the composite floating body are mutually matched, so that the strength of the composite floating body is improved, the problem that a pure polystyrene material is fragile in the moving process is solved, and the biological floating bed is environment-friendly and pollution-free; meanwhile, the floating frame is combined with the composite floating body, so that the floating bed has the characteristics of bending resistance, bending resistance and energy absorption and is high in strength.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pillow type biological floating island water purification system provided by the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of planting throw pillows placed in a vegetation planting area surrounded by a composite floating body in the throw pillow type biological floating island water quality purification system provided by the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite floating body in the pillow type biological floating island water quality purification system provided by the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of biological floating beds assembled with each other;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible connecting piece in the pillow type biological floating island water purification system provided by the invention;

in the figure, 100, a biological floating bed; 111. a floating frame; 1112. a top geogrid; 1113. a bottom geogrid; 1114. side geogrids; 112. a composite floating body; 1121. an inner core; 1122. a protection net; 1123. a reinforcement layer; 1124. an outer protective layer; 1125. a geogrid layer; 1126. steam nailing; 113. planting throw pillows; 114. cultivating the opening; 120. a flexible connector; 121. a connecting shaft; 122. a connecting member; 123. Connecting holes; 124. a reinforcing plate; 200. a root system protection net; 300. an underwater purification system; 310. hanging biological fillers; 320. a purification bag; 410. a holder; 420. positioning the rope; 500. an aquatic plant.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

As shown in fig. 1, the pillow type biological floating island water purification system provided by the present invention comprises a biological floating bed 100, a root system protection net 200, an underwater purification system 300 and a fixing device, which are arranged from top to bottom.

Wherein, the biological floating bed 100 is planted with aquatic plants 500 and also provides the main buoyancy of the whole system; the root system protection net 200 is used for preventing roots of aquatic plants 500 planted on the biological floating bed 100 from being bitten by fishes in a water body after the roots grow beyond a protection space of the floating bed; the underwater purification system 300 has the functions of purifying water quality through adsorption, providing parasitism for microorganisms, improving the self-purification capacity of water, and purifying water in winter; the fixing device is used for connecting the combined biological floating bed with a river bed to ensure that the position of the floating bed is unchanged.

As shown in fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment, the biological floating bed 110 includes a floating frame 111, a composite floating body 112 disposed inside the floating frame 111, and a planting bolster 113. As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of composite floating bodies 112 are disposed inside the floating frame 111, and the composite floating bodies 112 are connected to each other to enclose a plurality of vegetation growing areas for growing aquatic plants 500.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the composite floating body 112 includes an inner core 1121, a protective mesh 1122, a reinforced layer 1123, an outer protective layer 1124 and a geogrid layer 1125 which are sequentially wrapped from inside to outside, and the geogrid layer 1125 on the surface of the composite floating body 112 is connected by adjacent composite floating bodies 112 through buckles, so that the composite floating body 112 encloses a stable vegetation planting area. In order to stably connect the layers, in one embodiment, the inner core 1121, the protective mesh 1122 and the reinforced layer 1123 are uniformly connected and fixed by the steam nails 1126, the outer protective layer 1124 is sprayed and cured on the surface of the reinforced layer 1123, and the geogrid layer 1125 is conveniently fixed with the floating frame 111.

Preferably, the inner core 1121 is made of foamed polystyrene, the protective net 1122 is made of an 80-mesh nylon wire net, the reinforced layer 1123 is made of geogrid for improving the strength of the composite floating body, and the outer protective layer 1124 is made of polyurethane. The expanded polystyrene material has the advantages of small relative density, low thermal conductivity, small water absorption, impact vibration resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation, moisture resistance, vibration reduction and the like, the inner core 1121 is made of the polystyrene material, can resist cold, freezing, sun and aging, has long service life, and effectively avoids secondary pollution. The structures of all layers forming the composite floating body 112 are matched with each other, so that the strength of the composite floating body 112 is improved, the problem that a pure polystyrene material is fragile in the moving process is solved, and the composite floating body is environment-friendly and pollution-free.

Specifically, referring again to fig. 1, floating frame 111 is defined by top geogrid 1112, bottom geogrid 1113, and side geogrid 1114, which may be rectangular, square, triangular, or other shapes, and encloses the framework of biological floating bed 100. The floating frame 111 is combined with the composite floating body 112, so that the floating bed has the characteristics of bending resistance, bending resistance and energy absorption.

In order to place the aquatic plants 500 conveniently, a vegetation planting opening is formed in the top geogrid 1112 above each vegetation planting area, and a plurality of planting pillows 113 are arranged in each vegetation planting area in an extruding mode. Further, the planting throw pillow 113 is filled with a culture medium, the planting throw pillow 113 is made of geotextile which can be grown by plant roots, and the top of the planting throw pillow 113 is provided with a planting opening 114.

In practical application, according to the vegetation arrangement level and density of the process design, the cultivation openings 114 suitable for planting plants are cut on the planting throw pillows 113, the plants are loaded into the planting throw pillows 113 from the cultivation openings 114, and the tightening of the cultivation openings 114 is noticed during operation to prevent the cultivation medium from leaking.

The cultivation substrate is wrapped in the planting bolster 113 and sealed by stainless steel wires to form a bolster body, so that the cultivation substrate is prevented from scattering and permeating into water. The cultivation medium in the planting throw pillow 113 has large capacity, provides nutrition and root growth space for plants, is beneficial to the rapid growth of plant roots, and reduces the death rate of the transplanted plants. The planting throw pillow 113 increases the weight of the biological floating island, so that the biological floating island is relatively stable and not easy to incline, can be installed on a larger water surface, and can prevent the wind wave from scouring the biological floating island when being installed on a reservoir water surface with larger wind wave.

The aquatic plants are water quality purifying bodies of the biological floating island and are composed of overwintering vegetation, the aquatic plants are planted in the planting throw pillows 113, root systems of the aquatic plants penetrate through the planting throw pillows 113 in the growing process and extend into water to absorb pollutants in the water and also extend into the adjacent planting throw pillows 113, so that the root systems of the aquatic plants in the adjacent planting throw pillows 113 are connected in series in a staggered mode, the stability of the floating bed is improved, a biological habitat is built, and the biological floating island is formed.

Further, a root system protection net 200 is hung below the biological floating bed 100 to enclose a root system protection area together with the bottom of the biological floating bed 100, so as to protect 500 root systems of the aquatic plants from being bitten by the fish. For convenience of fixation, the anti-fish net is divided into a plurality of regions, and the anti-fish net of each region is fixed at the bottom of the biological floating bed 100 by stainless steel C-shaped clamps.

Further, the underwater purification system 300 comprises hanging biological fillers 310 and/or purification bags 320 which are uniformly hung below the root system protection net 200, and the hanging biological fillers 310 and the purification bags 320 are easy to replace.

Wherein, the biological filler comprises an elastic filler, a semi-soft filler or a biological rope for sewage treatment, and in one embodiment, the length of the hanging biological filler 310 is 1-2 m.

The purification bag 320 comprises a hanging bag and purification filler filled in the hanging bag, and the hanging bag is made of semipermeable membranes or geotextile. The purification filler filled in the purification bag 320 is a mixture of a nano reactor and spherical carbon fibers, and the nano reactor has a porous structure, large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, and can improve the water purification effect. The spherical carbon fiber substrate provides a carrier for the nano reactor, expands the contact area of the nano reactor and a water body, is favorable for improving the water purification efficiency, adsorbs pollutants and is favorable for microbial parasitism.

Hanging biofilm carrier 310 installs on the nylon rope, and the top of nylon rope is connected with preventing the fish tape, and the bottom and the purification of nylon rope are hung the bag and are connected, and hanging biofilm carrier 310 and purification bag 320 combined action improve water self-purification ability, and as floating matrix, buoyancy is strong simultaneously, can further provide the required buoyancy of system.

Further, the fixing means includes a plurality of fixtures 410 fixed on the river bed, and the outer periphery of the biological floating bed 100 is connected to the fixtures 410 by positioning strings 420. Specifically, the upper ends of the positioning ropes 420 may be connected to the connecting members 122 on the geogrids 1114 on the peripheral side of the biological floating bed 100.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the number of the biological floating beds in the pillow type biological floating island water purification system provided by the present invention is multiple, and the adjacent biological floating beds 110 are connected by flexible connecting members 120. The flexible connecting member 120 has freedom of movement in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that a certain relative displacement can be generated between the biological floating bed 110 and the biological floating bed 110 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and when the pillow type biological floating island water quality purification system 100 fluctuates along with waves, the torque applied to the biological floating bed is offset by the flexible connecting member 120, so that the connection between the biological floating bed 110 and the biological floating bed 110 is safer and firmer.

According to the arrangement, the number of the biological floating beds 110 can be flexibly matched, the specification is adjustable, the assembly is easy, and the production and the assembly can be carried out according to different scenes and different environmental requirements.

Wherein, the composite floating body 112 provides the buoyancy of the floating bed, and the floating frame 111 limits the position of the composite floating body 112, so that the composite floating bodies 112 are combined together to ensure the integrity of the whole system.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, in one embodiment, the flexible connection 120 for flexibly connecting the biological floating bed 110 to the biological floating bed 110 includes a connection shaft 121 and a connection member 122. Specifically, the connecting shaft 121 is vertically fixed to the periphery of the floating frame 111; the connecting shaft 121 is sleeved with a connecting piece 122, the connecting piece 122 is provided with a connecting hole 123, the axis of the connecting hole 123 is perpendicular to the connecting shaft 121, and the connecting pieces 122 on two adjacent floating frames 111 are connected through bolts or ropes penetrating through the connecting holes 123.

The connecting shaft 121 vertically arranged can enable two adjacent biological floating beds 110 to relatively move around the connecting shaft 121 in the horizontal direction, and the bolts inserted into the connecting holes 123 perpendicular to the connecting shaft 121 can enable the adjacent biological floating beds 110 to relatively move around the bolts in the vertical direction.

In order to improve the strength of the connection between the connection shaft 121 and the floating frame 111 and prevent the floating frame 111 from being damaged due to local stress concentration, in a preferred embodiment, a reinforcing plate 124 is disposed on the surface of the floating frame 111, the reinforcing plate 124 is fixed on the top geogrid 1112, the bottom geogrid 1113 or the side geogrid 1114 constituting the floating frame 111, and the connection shaft 121 is fixed on the reinforcing plate 124 to distribute the stress of the floating frame 111.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the indicated orientations and positional relationships based on the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pillow formula biological chinampa water purification system which characterized in that, includes that top-down sets up:

a biological floating bed;

the fixing device comprises a plurality of fixing devices fixed on the riverbed, and the periphery of the biological floating bed is connected with the fixing devices through positioning ropes;

the biological floating bed comprises:

the planting throw pillow is characterized in that a plurality of planting throw pillows are arranged in each vegetation planting area in an extruding mode.

2. The pillow type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the planting pillow is filled with a culture medium, the planting pillow is made of geotextile with plant roots capable of growing, and a cultivation opening is formed in the top of the planting pillow.

3. The pillow type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the composite floating bodies comprise inner cores, protective nets, reinforcing layers, outer protective layers and geogrids, which are sequentially wrapped from inside to outside, and the geogrids on the surfaces of the composite floating bodies are connected by adjacent composite floating bodies through buckles.

4. The pillow type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 3, wherein the inner core, the protection net and the reinforced layer are uniformly connected and fixed by steam nails, and the outer protection layer is sprayed and cured on the surface of the reinforced layer.

5. The pillow type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 3, wherein the inner core is made of expanded polystyrene, the protection net is made of nylon wire mesh, the reinforcement layer is made of geogrid, and the outer protection layer is made of polyurethane.

6. The pillow type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the root system protection net is suspended below the combined type biological floating bed so as to enclose a root system protection area together with the bottom of the combined type biological floating bed; the underwater purification system comprises hanging biological fillers and/or purification bags which are uniformly distributed and hung below a root system protection net; the fixing device comprises a plurality of fixing devices fixed on the riverbed, and the periphery of the biological floating bed is connected with the fixing devices through positioning ropes.

7. The pillow-type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 6, wherein the hanging biological filler is carbon fiber ecological grass, the purification bag comprises a hanging bag and purification filler filled in the hanging bag, and the hanging bag is made of semipermeable membranes or geotextile.

8. The pillow type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 1, wherein the number of the biological floating beds is multiple, and adjacent biological floating beds are connected through a flexible connecting piece.

9. The pillow-type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 8, wherein the flexible connecting piece comprises:

10. The pillow-type biological floating island water purification system according to claim 9, wherein a reinforcing plate is arranged on the surface of the floating frame, the reinforcing plate is fixed on a top geogrid, a bottom geogrid or a side geogrid which form the floating frame, and the connecting shaft is fixed on the reinforcing plate.