CN112475794A - Process for solving cracking problem of high-strength steel composite plate welded by vacuum electron beam - Google Patents
Process for solving cracking problem of high-strength steel composite plate welded by vacuum electron beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN112475794A CN112475794A CN202011248374.7A CN202011248374A CN112475794A CN 112475794 A CN112475794 A CN 112475794A CN 202011248374 A CN202011248374 A CN 202011248374A CN 112475794 A CN112475794 A CN 112475794A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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Abstract
A process for solving cracking problem of high-strength steel composite plate welded by vacuum electron beams is characterized in that an IF steel cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.5-1mm is added between two plate blanks as a transition layer in a blank assembling procedure, and meanwhile, the welding strength of the vacuum electron beams is greatly improved and the rolling stability is ensured through the improvement of the vacuum electron beam welding process. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by implementing the scheme of the invention, the problem of rolling cracking of the high-strength steel after vacuum electron beam welding is solved. The stable production of vacuum hybrid welding-rolling of high-strength steel is realized, technical guidance is provided for the production of similar steel grades, the variety is expanded, and the qualification rate and the supply capacity are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material processing, and particularly relates to a process for solving cracking of a vacuum electron beam welding high-strength steel (yield strength is more than 600MPa) composite plate.
Background
The high-strength structural steel is steel added with boron, the boron in the steel mainly has the function of improving the hardenability of the steel, the boron added in the steel can obviously save expensive alloy elements such as nickel, chromium, molybdenum and the like, the high-strength structural steel has considerable economic benefit, the steel has better hot and cold processing performance while ensuring the required hardenability and mechanical performance, and the main defect is that the fluctuation of the hardenability is larger than that of the steel without the boron element. The high-strength steel is developed according to the principle that alloy elements are used as little as possible to obtain comprehensive mechanical properties as high as possible, and can meet the requirements of various structures (such as large bridges, pressure vessels, ships and the like) in engineering on large bearing capacity, and meanwhile, the requirements of reducing the dead weight of the structure, improving the reliability and saving materials and resources are met.
The alloying principle of the high-strength steel is mainly that the strength of the steel is improved by solid-content strengthening, fine-grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening generated by alloy elements, and the adverse effect that the ductile-brittle conversion temperature of the steel is increased by separating out and strengthening carbon nitride in the steel is counteracted by reducing the ductile-brittle conversion temperature of the steel by using the fine-grain strengthening, so that the steel can obtain high strength and simultaneously keep better low-temperature performance. Because the alloying system of high-strength steel is complex, the content of alloying elements is high, the yield ratio is high, and the steel is supplied in a quenched and tempered state, many technical problems in the welding aspect need to be solved.
The vacuum electron beam welding has the advantages of no welding rod, difficult oxidation, good process repeatability and small thermal deformation, so the vacuum electron beam welding is widely applied to various industries such as aerospace, atomic energy, national defense, military industry, automobiles, electrical and electronic instruments and the like, the steel industry adopts the rolling process after the vacuum electron beam welding to produce the extra-thick plate and is widely used, but the production of the high-strength steel by adopting the vacuum electron beam is always a difficult point in the field, the industrial trial production is developed in the early stage, and 100 percent of cracks exist when the high-strength steel is produced according to the conventional low-alloy composite welding process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for solving the cracking problem of a vacuum electron beam welding high-strength steel composite plate, and aims to solve the problem of heating or rolling cracking of the high-strength steel composite plate after welding.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a solve the high strength steel clad plate of vacuum electron beam welding process to split, said method is in the assembly process, increase IF steel cold-rolled sheet of 0.5-1mm as the transition layer between two slabs, meanwhile, through the improvement of welding process of the vacuum electron beam, improve the welding strength of the vacuum electron beam by a wide margin, guarantee the rolling stability, the whole technological process is: surface milling → peripheral groove processing → spot welding cold-rolled plate → assembly → preheating → welding → heating → rolling, which comprises the following steps:
1) milling and grinding a high-strength steel blank: milling the joint surface and the peripheral surfaces of the upper substrate A and the lower substrate B until all the surfaces are exposed with metallic luster;
2) processing a groove with the depth of 0.5-1mm by a milling machine at the position of 30-50mm from the edge part on the periphery of the surface of the lower substrate B;
3) spot welding of the cold-rolled sheet: selecting an IF steel cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.5-1mm, cutting the IF steel cold-rolled plate into small blocks with the width of 30-50mm and the length matched with the length and the width of the lower substrate B, fixedly welding the IF steel cold-rolled plate in a groove at the edge of the lower substrate B by electric welding, wherein the welding point is one point per 50-100cm, flattening the welding point by an angle grinder after spot welding, scrubbing and cleaning by high-purity alcohol, and ensuring that the surface is free of oxides, oil stains, dust and the like;
4) assembling: placing the lower substrate B in a centering machine, turning the upper substrate A, ensuring that the milled surfaces are relatively used as joint surfaces, hoisting the upper substrate B to the centering machine, and assembling the upper substrate B and the lower substrate B;
preparing before welding: heating a vacuum pump in advance, carefully cleaning an imaging head of an electron beam welding machine, re-fastening all parts, marking all edges with the size of a welding seam before a composite blank enters a vacuum chamber, marking the edges on a drawing by using a diagram, carefully cleaning the welding seam after the composite blank is placed on a rotating table, ensuring that a white cloth is dipped in alcohol and then wiped to wipe the welding seam, keeping the white cloth from discoloring, and assembling the blank and then entering the vacuum chamber for welding;
5) welding the composite blank: adopting vacuum electron beams to weld high-strength steel, wherein the welding principle is that spot welding is carried out firstly and then continuous welding is carried out, and the spot welding parameters are 100-150mA and 10-15 mm/s; the continuous welding parameters are 350-400mA and 6-8mm/s, and the continuous welding sequence is to weld narrow edges first and weld symmetrically.
After the composite blank in the step 5) is welded by the vacuum electron beam, the composite blank is slowly cooled for at least 1h and then is broken, if the composite blank needs repair welding, if the composite blank has local small defects, the repair welding is carried out by adopting a small program of 50Am-100Am-150Am-200Am-250Am-250Am-200Am-150Am-100Am-50Am, and after the repair welding, the slow cooling time is not less than 30 min; if the weld seam belongs to the major defects of serious dent with the length of more than 500mm and the like, the weld seam needs to be welded again completely, and the weld seam still needs to be cooled slowly for not less than 1 hour to break; after welding, spraying and protecting the surface of the casting blank by adopting an anti-oxidation protective coating, and covering a cold-rolled plate to enter a heating furnace for heating; the rolling is carried out by adopting a process of firstly carrying out small reduction and then carrying out large reduction.
The deviation of the actual sizes (length, width and diagonal) of the two milled substrates in the step 1) is less than or equal to 1 mm.
And 4) after the assembly in the step 4), the gap of the joint surface is not more than 0.5mm, and the upper part of the composite blank is pressed into a blank after the assembly.
And 5) during spot welding, the narrow side is not less than 4 points, and the wide side is not less than 6 points.
The high-strength steel is steel with yield strength larger than 600MPa, and the thickness of the welding plate blank is larger than or equal to 200 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by implementing the scheme of the invention, the problem of rolling cracking of the high-strength steel after vacuum electron beam welding is solved. The stable production of vacuum hybrid welding-rolling of high-strength steel is realized, technical guidance is provided for the production of similar steel grades, the variety is expanded, and the qualification rate and the supply capacity are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a lower substrate B blank processing groove.
Fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-groove.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention:
in order to solve the problem of heating cracking of a high-strength steel composite plate welded by a vacuum electron beam and meet the production requirement of a high-strength steel extra-thick plate, the invention provides a novel high-strength steel vacuum composite plate assembly welding production process, which comprises the following process routes: surface milling → peripheral groove processing → spot welding cold-rolled plate → assembly → preheating → welding → heating → rolling.
The invention is characterized in that a cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.5-1mm is added between two plate blanks as a transition layer in the assembly process, and meanwhile, the welding strength of a vacuum electron beam is greatly improved and the rolling stability is ensured through the improvement of a vacuum electron beam welding process.
Example 1: aiming at the production of 800MPa grade high-strength water and electric steel composite blanks, the specific implementation scheme is as follows:
1) milling and grinding a steel blank; selecting two slabs without defects, measuring the dimension 250 x 2100 x 3400mm, milling the joint surface until all the joint surface has metallic luster, and the deviation of the actual dimensions (length, width and diagonal) of the two slabs after milling is less than or equal to 1 mm.
2) A groove 1 was formed in the peripheral portion 40mm of the lower substrate B by milling, and the depth of the groove 1 was 1 mm.
3) Cleaning the surface; and (3) polishing the joint surface and the side surface of the composite blank for the second time, blowing after polishing, and scrubbing and cleaning by using high-purity alcohol to ensure that the surface is free of oxides, oil stains, dust and the like.
4) Spot welding the IF steel cold-rolled sheet; selecting an IF steel cold-rolled sheet with the thickness of 1mm, cutting the IF steel cold-rolled sheet into small pieces with the width of 40mm and the length matched with the length and the width of a blank, fixedly welding the IF steel cold-rolled sheet on the edge of a lower substrate B by electric welding, scrubbing and cleaning the IF steel cold-rolled sheet by high-purity alcohol after spot welding to ensure that the surface is free of oxides, oil stains, dust and the like, wherein the welding point is one point per 50 cm.
5) Assembling; and placing the lower substrate B in a centering machine, turning the upper substrate A, hoisting to the centering machine, assembling the upper substrate and the lower substrate in a centering way, and enabling the gap of the assembled joint surface to be not more than 0.5 mm.
6) Preparing before welding; the vacuum chamber is heated in advance, the imaging head needs to be carefully cleaned, all parts are fastened again, the condition that the door is opened due to imaging loss in the process is avoided, all edges of the welding seam are marked before the composite blank enters the vacuum chamber, the composite blank is marked on a drawing by using a diagram, and the upper part of the composite blank needs to be pressed after the composite blank is assembled. And carefully cleaning the welding line after the composite blank is placed on a rotating table, and ensuring that the welding line is wiped after the white cloth is dipped in alcohol, and the white cloth does not change color. After assembly, the blank is put into a vacuum chamber for vacuum pumping and heat preservation.
7) The composite blank welding adopts vacuum electron beams for welding, and the welding principle is as follows: the spot welding parameters are 150mA, 10mm/s, 4 points on the narrow edge, 6 points on the wide edge and four edges are required to be subjected to spot welding, 350mA and 6mm/s are continuously welded, the narrow edge is welded firstly in the welding sequence, and the welding is symmetrical.
8) After welding, slow cooling is needed for 1h, and then the welding machine can be allowed to break empty. When repair welding is needed, if the defect is a local small defect, repair welding is carried out by adopting a small program of 50Am-100Am-150Am-200Am-250Am-250Am-200Am-150Am-100Am-50Am, after repair welding, the slow cooling time is not less than 30min to break, if the defect is a large defect such as a serious dent with the length of more than 500mm, the defect needs to be completely re-welded once, the trace of a welding seam is properly traced upwards, the welding parameters are the same as the continuous welding parameters, and the defect needs to be broken after slow cooling for 1h after welding.
9) And after welding, protecting the surface of the casting blank by adopting an anti-oxidation protective coating, and heating in a heating furnace within 24 hours after air drying.
Claims (7)
1. A process for solving cracking of a vacuum electron beam welding high-strength steel composite plate is characterized in that in the assembly process, an IF steel cold-rolled plate with the thickness of 0.5-1mm is added between two plate blanks to serve as a transition layer, welding strength of a vacuum electron beam is improved, and the whole process comprises the following steps: surface milling → peripheral groove processing → spot welding cold-rolled plate → assembly → preheating → welding → heating → rolling, specifically comprising:
after the surface of the composite plate blank is milled and ground, processing a groove with the depth of 0.5-1mm on the periphery of the surface of the lower substrate B30-50 mm away from the edge part;
spot welding of the cold-rolled sheet: selecting an IF steel cold-rolled sheet with the thickness of 0.5-1mm, cutting the IF steel cold-rolled sheet into small blocks with the width of 30-50mm and the length matched with the length and the width of the lower substrate B, fixedly welding the IF steel cold-rolled sheet in a groove at the edge of the lower substrate B by electric welding, wherein the welding point is one point per 50-100 cm.
2. The process for solving the problem of cracking of the vacuum electron beam welded high-strength steel composite plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the welding procedure adopts vacuum electron beams to weld the high-strength steel, the welding principle is spot welding and then continuous welding, and the spot welding parameters are 100-; the continuous welding parameters are 350-400mA and 6-8mm/s, and the continuous welding sequence is to weld narrow edges first and weld symmetrically.
3. The process for solving the cracking problem of the vacuum electron beam welding high-strength steel composite plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the composite blank is broken after slowly cooling for at least 1h after vacuum electron beam welding, if the composite blank needs repair welding, if the composite blank has local small defects, the repair welding is carried out by adopting a small program of 50Am-100Am-150Am-200Am-250Am-250Am-200Am-150Am-100Am-50Am, and after the repair welding, the slow cooling time is not less than 30 min; if the weld joint has the major defects of serious dent with the length of more than 500mm and the like, the weld joint needs to be welded once again, and the weld joint still needs to be slowly cooled for not less than 1 hour to break empty.
4. The process for solving the cracking problem of the vacuum electron beam welding high-strength steel composite plate according to claim 2, wherein the vacuum electron beam welding is adopted for high-strength steel welding, and during spot welding, the narrow side is not less than 4 points, and the wide side is not less than 6 points.
5. The process for solving the problem of cracking of the vacuum electron beam welding high-strength steel composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the actual size deviation of the two base plates after the surface milling and grinding process is less than or equal to 1 mm.
6. The process for solving the problem of cracking of the high-strength steel composite plate welded by the vacuum electron beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of assembling, the gap of the joint surface of the composite plate blank is not more than 0.5mm, and after assembling, the upper part of the composite plate blank is pressed into a compact.
7. The process for solving the problem of cracking of the vacuum electron beam welding high-strength steel composite plate according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength steel is steel with yield strength of more than 600MPa, and the thickness of a welding plate blank is more than or equal to 200 mm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113510366A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-19 | 武汉光谷机电科技有限公司 | Welding device and welding method for heat-conducting substrate and fins of heat pipe radiator |
| CN114523185A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-24 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Vacuum diffusion hybrid welding production process for thick high-alloy plate blank |
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| CN108381027A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-10 | 东北大学 | It is used to prepare the vacuum welding device and preparation method thereof of carbon equivalent high super-thick steel plate |
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| CN110539066A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam assembly seal welding method for high-alloy steel titanium composite plate |
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- 2020-11-10 CN CN202011248374.7A patent/CN112475794A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| JP2011115831A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Joint with excellent fatigue resistance welded by high energy density beam |
| CN104801562A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-29 | 上海却尘科技有限公司 | Making method of blank for producing steel nickel/nickel-based alloy composite board |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113510366A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-19 | 武汉光谷机电科技有限公司 | Welding device and welding method for heat-conducting substrate and fins of heat pipe radiator |
| CN113510366B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-09-19 | 武汉光谷机电科技有限公司 | Welding device and welding method for heat conducting substrate and fins of heat pipe radiator |
| CN114523185A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-05-24 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Vacuum diffusion hybrid welding production process for thick high-alloy plate blank |
| CN114523185B (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2023-10-31 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Vacuum diffusion composite welding production process for high-alloy thick plate blank |
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Application publication date: 20210312 |