CN113510366A - Welding device and welding method for heat-conducting substrate and fins of heat pipe radiator - Google Patents
Welding device and welding method for heat-conducting substrate and fins of heat pipe radiator Download PDFInfo
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- CN113510366A CN113510366A CN202110761323.2A CN202110761323A CN113510366A CN 113510366 A CN113510366 A CN 113510366A CN 202110761323 A CN202110761323 A CN 202110761323A CN 113510366 A CN113510366 A CN 113510366A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 254
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000026058 directional locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005493 welding type Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
- B23K11/26—Storage discharge welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding device and a welding method for a heat-conducting substrate and fins of a heat pipe radiator, wherein the welding device for the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator comprises an adjustable rectangular collimation laser component and a capacitance energy storage seam welder, wherein the adjustable rectangular collimation laser component comprises a fiber laser, an optical gate, a beam shaper and a collimation laser gun which are sequentially and electrically connected; the capacitance energy storage seam welding machine comprises a rectifier, a capacitor, a welding transformer and a seam welding roller which are electrically connected in sequence. The welding device for the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat-pipe radiator overcomes the defects existing in the prior welding of the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat-pipe radiator by utilizing reflow welding and high-frequency induction heating, solves the problems of incomplete infiltration, air holes, easy cracks and large deformation in the welding of copper alloy and aluminum alloy fins in the large-area solder paste welding process, can obtain the heat-pipe radiator with the fins welded without tin with higher heat dissipation power, and has the advantages of high forming quality, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding of heat dissipation equipment, in particular to a welding device and a welding method for a heat conduction substrate and fins of a heat pipe radiator.
Background
The third industrial revolution represented by information technology has been started and developed, which has greatly promoted the widespread use and popularization of electronic computers in daily life. With the increasing integration degree of semiconductor circuits, such as cpus, graphics processors, communication processors and the like, smaller chip processes are broken through, the heat flux density of chips is increased continuously, the working temperature is more easily beyond the calibration temperature range, and the heat dissipation performance of chip radiators is very important. Therefore, how to improve the heat dissipation performance of the heat sink to ensure stable operation of the chip is a problem to be solved.
The heat pipe radiator adopts a gas-liquid phase change type heat exchange scheme, and the heat dissipation power of the heat pipe radiator is tens of times that of a common solid air-cooled radiator, so that the heat pipe radiator is widely used for heat dissipation of a high-integration chip. The heat pipe radiator generally comprises a heat conducting substrate, heat pipes and fins, and can be divided into an integrated structure and a combined structure. The heat conducting substrate and the fins of the integrated heat pipe radiator are integrated and are generally prepared by milling, and the usage amount of the integrated heat pipe radiator in the market is less due to the problems of low material utilization rate, high processing difficulty and the like. The heat conducting substrate and the fins of the combined heat pipe radiator are independently processed, the combination mode of the combined heat pipe radiator is divided into an embedded type mode and a welding type mode, and the welding type structure is larger in contact area and higher in integrity, so that the combined heat pipe radiator has better heat radiating efficiency. At present, a heat conducting substrate and fins of a heat pipe radiator on the market mostly adopt a reflow soldering scheme, but defects such as insufficient tin paste infiltration and air holes are easy to occur during soldering, and when the soldering area is larger, the generated defects are more, so that the actual heat dissipation power of the heat pipe radiator cannot reach the theoretical heat dissipation power.
In summary, there is a need in the art to provide a method for soldering a heat conducting substrate and fins of a heat pipe radiator without soldering tin, so as to avoid soldering defects occurring during soldering of solder paste, and to improve the heat dissipation power of the heat pipe radiator, so as to better satisfy the application in soldering of the fins of the combined heat pipe radiator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a welding device and a welding method for a heat conduction substrate and fins of a heat pipe radiator, aiming at reducing welding defects in the welding process and improving the heat dissipation power of the heat pipe radiator.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a welding device for heat pipe radiator heat conductive substrate and fins, comprising an adjustable rectangular collimation laser assembly and a capacitance energy storage seam welder, wherein,
the adjustable rectangular collimation laser component comprises a fiber laser, an optical gate, a beam shaper and a collimation laser gun which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the fiber laser is used for generating continuous laser with the intensity of Gaussian distribution and inputting the continuous laser into the optical gate, the optical gate collimates the input Gaussian laser and inputs the collimated laser into the beam shaper, and the beam shaper is used for shaping the Gaussian laser into laser with the intensity of rectangular distribution and emits the laser through the collimation laser gun;
the capacitor energy storage seam welding machine comprises a rectifier, a capacitor, a welding transformer and seam welding rollers which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the rectifier is used for rectifying input power frequency alternating current and charging the capacitor, pulse current with low voltage and high energy density is obtained through the welding transformer after the capacitor is charged, and discharging is carried out through the seam welding rollers.
Preferably, the welding device for the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat-pipe radiator further comprises a fixing base for mounting the heat-conducting substrate, the fixing base comprises a working platform for supporting the fixing base, and a transverse moving mechanism and a longitudinal moving mechanism which are connected with the working platform, and the transverse moving mechanism and the longitudinal moving mechanism respectively control the working platform to move transversely and longitudinally.
Preferably, the transverse moving mechanism comprises a first fixed bottom plate, a transverse lead screw, a transverse moving sliding block and a first servo motion mechanism, the transverse lead screw is positioned above the first fixed bottom plate, the transverse moving sliding block is arranged on the transverse lead screw in a penetrating manner, the first servo motion mechanism is connected with the transverse lead screw to drive the transverse lead screw to rotate, and the transverse moving sliding block is fixed below the working platform to support the transverse moving sliding block;
the longitudinal moving mechanism comprises a second fixed base plate, a longitudinal lead screw, a longitudinal moving sliding block and a second servo moving mechanism, the longitudinal lead screw is located above the second fixed base plate, the longitudinal moving sliding block is arranged on the longitudinal lead screw in a penetrating mode, the second servo moving mechanism is connected with the longitudinal lead screw to drive the longitudinal moving sliding block to rotate, and the longitudinal moving sliding block is fixed below the first fixed base plate to support the longitudinal moving sliding block.
Preferably, the welding device for the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator further comprises a controller electrically connected with the first servo motion mechanism and the second servo motion mechanism.
The invention further provides a welding method based on the welding device for the heat conduction substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, performing spot welding and pre-fixing on the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin and the heat conducting substrate;
s2, fixing a collimation laser gun in front of the rolling direction of the seam welding roller, adjusting the horizontal distance between the collimation laser gun and the seam welding roller, adjusting the collimation laser gun to enable the collimation laser gun to be vertical to the working platform, recording the X-axis coordinate of the collimation laser gun on the working platform, and setting the size of the rectangular beam shaped by the beam shaper;
s3, fixing the heat pipe radiator pre-fixed in the step S1 on a working platform, moving the heat pipe radiator to be overlapped with the X-axis coordinate of the collimation laser gun through a first servo mechanism and a second servo motion mechanism, and adjusting the installation height of a seam welding roller to enable the seam welding roller to be tightly attached to the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin;
s4, starting a welding device to start welding, wherein in the welding process, rectangular laser emitted by a collimation laser gun preheats the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin, and after preheating, energy storage seam welding is carried out by a seam welding roller;
s5, repeating the steps S1 to S4 until all the L-shaped fins are welded.
Preferably, when the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin and the heat conducting substrate are pre-fixed by spot welding:
and (3) placing the narrow edge of the L-shaped fin in a region to be welded, and respectively carrying out capacitance spot welding at the initial part and the end part of the narrow edge, wherein the current of the capacitance spot welding is 0.5kA-2 kA.
Preferably, the width of the rectangular laser after the beam shaper is shaped is smaller than or equal to the width of the narrow side of the L-shaped fin, and the seam welding roller is made of tungsten alloy.
Preferably, the L-shaped fins and the heat conducting substrate are made of aluminum, copper, aluminum alloy or copper alloy.
Preferably, when the L-shaped fins are made of copper or copper alloy, the rectangular collimated laser power range is 300W-500W, the capacitance storage seam welding current range is 5kA-7kA, and the welding surface pressure range is 40MPa-60 MPa.
Preferably, when the L-shaped fins are made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, the rectangular collimation laser power range is 200W-400W, the capacitance energy storage seam welding current range is 3kA-5kA, and the welding surface pressure range is 40MPa-60 MPa.
The welding device for the heat conduction substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through the technical combination of collimation rectangular laser preheating and energy storage seam welding, when fins made of aluminum, copper and alloy materials of the aluminum and the copper are welded, the electric conductivity of the aluminum and the copper alloy is reduced through collimation laser preheating, the conversion rate of electric energy and heat energy in the process of capacitance energy storage seam welding can be remarkably increased, and a contact interface is rapidly melted to obtain a high-quality welding seam; meanwhile, the preheating function can effectively avoid the outstanding problems of difficult welding, large deformation and the like caused by high thermal conductivity and large linear expansion coefficient of aluminum and copper alloys, and the welded product has high forming quality, no defect in welding line and small deformation;
2, the heat-conducting substrate of the heat pipe radiator and the L-shaped fins are welded in a mode of combining laser welding and energy storage seam welding, solder paste does not need to be coated in the welding process, and the problems of incomplete infiltration, air holes and the like easily occurring in solder paste reflow welding are avoided in large-area welding;
3. when in welding, only the area to be welded is locally heated, and the heat pipe radiator is integrally heated by adopting the reflow welding and high-frequency induction heating welding methods, so that the invention has the advantages of lower required thermal power, higher energy utilization rate and lower cost.
4. The welding device has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and easy realization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a welding apparatus for a heat-conducting substrate and fins of a heat pipe radiator according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe radiator in embodiment 1 of the welding method for the heat conductive substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe radiator in embodiment 2 of the method for welding a heat conductive substrate and fins of the heat pipe radiator.
In the figure, 1-seam welding roller, 2-collimation laser gun, 3-L-shaped fin, 4-heat conduction substrate, 5-working platform, 6-first servo motion mechanism, 7-transverse screw rod, 8-transverse moving slide block, 9-guide rail, 10-screw rod coupler, 11-second servo motion mechanism, 12-longitudinal moving slide block, 13-second fixed bottom plate and 14-longitudinal screw rod.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The invention provides a welding device for a heat conduction substrate and fins of a heat pipe radiator.
Referring to fig. 1, a welding device for heat pipe radiator heat conducting substrate and fins comprises an adjustable rectangular collimation laser assembly and a capacitance energy storage seam welder, wherein,
the adjustable rectangular collimation laser component comprises a fiber laser, an optical gate, a beam shaper and a collimation laser gun 2 which are electrically connected in sequence, the fiber laser is used for generating continuous laser with the intensity of Gaussian distribution and inputting the continuous laser into the optical gate, the optical gate collimates the input Gaussian laser and inputs the collimated laser into the beam shaper, and the beam shaper is used for shaping the Gaussian laser into laser with the intensity of rectangular distribution and emits the laser through the collimation laser gun 2;
the capacitive energy storage seam welding machine comprises a rectifier, a capacitor, a welding transformer and a seam welding roller 1 which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the rectifier is used for rectifying input power frequency alternating current and charging the capacitor, pulse current with low voltage and high energy density is obtained through the welding transformer after the capacitor is charged, and discharging is carried out through the seam welding roller 1.
The welding device for the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator further comprises a fixed base used for installing the heat-conducting substrate 4, the fixed base comprises a working platform 5 used for supporting the fixed base, and a transverse moving mechanism and a longitudinal moving mechanism which are connected with the working platform 5, and the transverse moving mechanism and the longitudinal moving mechanism respectively control the working platform 5 to move transversely (transversely, namely in the X direction in the figure 1) and longitudinally (longitudinally, namely in the Y direction in the figure 1).
In this embodiment, the lateral movement mechanism includes a first fixed bottom plate, a lateral lead screw 7, a lateral movement slider 8 and a first servo motion mechanism 6, the lateral lead screw 7 is located above the first fixed bottom plate, the lateral movement slider 8 is arranged on the lateral lead screw 7 in a penetrating manner, the first servo motion mechanism 6 is connected with the lateral lead screw 7 to drive the lateral lead screw to rotate, and the lateral movement slider 8 is located below the working platform 5 and is fixedly connected with the working platform to support the working platform;
the longitudinal moving mechanism comprises a second fixed bottom plate 13, a longitudinal lead screw 14, a longitudinal moving sliding block 12 and a second servo moving mechanism 11, the longitudinal lead screw 14 is located above the second fixed bottom plate 13, the longitudinal moving sliding block 12 penetrates through the longitudinal lead screw 14, the second servo moving mechanism 11 is connected with the longitudinal lead screw 14 to drive the longitudinal moving sliding block to rotate, and the longitudinal moving sliding block 12 is located below the first fixed bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the first fixed bottom plate. The lateral movement slider 8 and the longitudinal movement slider 12 are respectively mounted on the corresponding guide rails 9 and are slidable with respect to the guide rails 9. The sliding direction of the slider is limited by the provision of the guide rail 9. The first and second servomotors 6, 11 may be servo motors.
The work platform 5 may fix the heat-conducting substrate 4 in various ways, which is not limited by the invention. In this embodiment, two sets of lateral moving mechanisms are provided to stably support the working platform 5. Similarly, two longitudinal lead screws 14 are arranged in the longitudinal moving mechanism, and two longitudinal sliding blocks are sleeved on each longitudinal lead screw 14 to stably support the transverse moving mechanism.
Further, the welding device for the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator further comprises a controller electrically connected with the first servo motion mechanism 6 and the second servo motion mechanism 11, and the controller is used for automatically controlling the working platform to move in place.
The following describes in detail the method of using the welding device for the heat conductive substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator (the narrow side of the L-shaped fin 3 is the welding area, and the wide side is the heat dissipation area).
Placing the narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3 in a to-be-welded area of the heat-conducting substrate 4, and respectively performing one-time low-current capacitive spot welding pre-fixing on the initial part and the end part of the narrow edge by using a precision capacitive spot welding machine;
mounting a collimation laser gun 2 and a seam welding roller 1 on a welding mechanical arm, adjusting the horizontal distance between the collimation laser gun 2 and the seam welding roller 1, adjusting the posture of the mechanical arm to enable laser emitted by the collimation laser gun 2 to be parallel to the normal of a working platform 5, recording the X-axis coordinate of the mechanical arm on the working platform 5 at present, and setting the size of a rectangular light beam shaped by a light beam shaper;
fixing a pre-fixed heat-conducting substrate 4 on a working platform 5, moving the pre-fixed heat-conducting substrate to be coincident with the X-axis coordinate of a welding mechanical arm through a first servo motion mechanism 6 and a second servo motion mechanism 11, and adjusting the installation height of the mechanical arm to enable a seam welding roller 1 to be tightly attached to the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3;
and starting the welding device to start welding. In the welding process, rectangular laser emitted by a collimation laser gun 2 preheats the welding narrow side of an L-shaped fin 3, and after preheating, energy storage seam welding is carried out next to a seam welding roller 1;
and repeating the steps until all the L-shaped fins 3 are welded.
The heat pipe radiator is one of necessary heat radiation tools of a semiconductor integrated circuit, the heat radiation performance of the heat pipe radiator directly influences the working stability of the semiconductor integrated circuit, but most of fins of the heat pipe radiator on the market and the heat conducting substrate 4 are welded by adopting a solder paste reflow soldering scheme at present, and the reflow soldering inevitably has the defects of insufficient solder paste infiltration, air holes and the like, so that the heat radiation efficiency of the radiator is reduced. Aiming at the problems, the welding device provided by the invention realizes the welding of the heat pipe radiator fin and the heat conducting substrate 4, and further provides the tin paste-free and defect-free welding of the fin and the heat conducting substrate 4 by specifically controlling the laser intensity distribution, the laser power, the pressure of the seam welding roller 1 and the energy storage seam welding current.
More specifically, temperature is one of the important factors influencing the conductivity of the metal material, the capacitance of the metal comes from the collision between electrons and crystal lattices in the process of directional movement of the electrons, the vibration of the crystal lattices is aggravated by the increase of the temperature, the probability of collision between the electrons and the crystal lattices in the process of directional movement of the electrons is increased, and the conductivity of the metal material is reduced. Copper, aluminum and alloy thereof are used as main materials of the fins of the heat pipe radiator and have high conductivity, so that the capacitance seam welding is difficult to weld or large input current is needed, and the invention preheats the welding surface by rectangular collimation laser, can effectively reduce the conductivity of the welding surface and improve the capacitance of the welding surface, thereby realizing the effective connection of the fins and the heat-conducting substrate 4.
As the key design point of the invention, the welding surface at the front part of the seam welding roller 1 is preheated by rectangular collimation laser. The specific limitation of the laser is that the widely used gaussian focused laser is not suitable for preheating the welding surface of the fin. For Gaussian focused beams, the light intensity gradient from the center to the edge of the beam is large, namely the heat distribution of laser is uneven, so that the welding surface is difficult to uniformly preheat, the defocusing amount of the focused laser needs to be accurately controlled, and the installation and adjustment of a laser gun are further limited. The laser generated by the laser is collimated and shaped, so that the laser intensity is uniformly distributed in a rectangular area with the same width as the welding surface, the welding surface is uniformly preheated, the height from the laser gun head to the welding line is not limited by the collimated laser, and the device is further convenient to mount and adjust.
The welding device for the heat conduction substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through the technical combination of collimation rectangular laser preheating and energy storage seam welding, when fins made of aluminum, copper and alloy materials of the aluminum and the copper are welded, the electric conductivity of the aluminum and the copper alloy is reduced through collimation laser preheating, the conversion rate of electric energy and heat energy in the process of capacitance energy storage seam welding can be remarkably increased, and a contact interface is rapidly melted to obtain a high-quality welding seam; meanwhile, the preheating function can effectively avoid the outstanding problems of difficult welding, large deformation and the like caused by high thermal conductivity and large linear expansion coefficient of aluminum and copper alloys, and the welded product has high forming quality, no defect in welding line and small deformation;
2, the heat-conducting substrate 4 of the heat pipe radiator and the L-shaped fins 3 are welded in a mode of combining laser welding and energy storage seam welding, solder paste does not need to be coated in the welding process, and the problems of incomplete infiltration, air holes and the like easily occurring in solder paste reflow welding are avoided in large-area welding;
3. when in welding, only the area to be welded is locally heated, and the heat pipe radiator is integrally heated by adopting the reflow welding and high-frequency induction heating welding methods, so that the invention has the advantages of lower required thermal power, higher energy utilization rate and lower cost.
4. The welding device has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and easy realization.
The invention further provides a welding method for the heat conduction substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator.
In this preferred embodiment, a welding method based on the welding device for the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator includes the following steps:
step S1, performing spot welding and pre-fixing on the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3 and the heat conducting substrate 4;
step S2, fixing the collimation laser gun 2 in front of the seam welding roller 1 in the rolling direction (installing the collimation laser gun 2 and the seam welding roller 1 on a welding mechanical arm), adjusting the horizontal distance between the collimation laser gun 2 and the seam welding roller 1, adjusting the collimation laser gun 2 to keep vertical to the working platform 5 (adjusting the posture of the mechanical arm to enable the laser emitted by the collimation laser gun 2 to be parallel to the normal of the working platform 5), recording the X-axis coordinate of the collimation laser gun 2 on the working platform 5, and setting the size of the rectangular light beam shaped by the light beam shaper;
step S3, fixing the heat pipe radiator pre-fixed in the step S1 on the working platform 5, moving the heat pipe radiator to coincide with the X-axis coordinate of the collimation laser gun 2 through the first servo mechanism and the second servo motion mechanism 11, and adjusting the installation height of the seam welding roller 1 to enable the seam welding roller 1 to be tightly attached to the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3;
step S4, starting a welding device to start welding, wherein in the welding process, the rectangular laser emitted by the collimation laser gun 2 preheats the welding narrow side of the L-shaped fin 3, and the seam welding roller 1 carries out energy storage seam welding after preheating (the distance between the collimation laser gun 2 and the seam welding roller 1 is fixed, so that the welding is carried out while preheating, and the welding is not carried out after the whole length direction is completely preheated);
and S5, repeating the steps S1 to S4 until all the L-shaped fins 3 are welded.
In step S4, the welding parameters may be adjusted according to specific conditions, and the adjustment of the welding parameters includes laser power, seam welding current, seam welding pressure, and welding speed, and preferably corresponds to the fin material.
Specifically, when the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3 and the heat conducting substrate 4 are spot-welded and pre-fixed:
the narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3 is placed in a region to be welded, capacitor spot welding is respectively carried out on the initial part and the end part of the narrow edge, and the current of the capacitor spot welding is 0.5kA-2 kA.
The width of the rectangular laser after the beam shaper is shaped is less than or equal to the width of the narrow side of the L-shaped fin 3, and the seam welding roller 1 is made of tungsten alloy.
Specifically, the L-shaped fins 3 and the heat conducting substrate 4 are made of aluminum, copper, aluminum alloy or copper alloy.
When the L-shaped fins 3 are made of copper or copper alloy, the rectangular collimation laser power range is 300W-500W, the capacitance energy storage seam welding current range is 5kA-7kA, and the welding surface pressure range is 40MPa-60 MPa.
When the L-shaped fins 3 are made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, the rectangular collimated laser power range is 200W-400W, the capacitance energy storage seam welding current range is 3kA-5kA, and the welding surface pressure range is 40MPa-60 MPa.
Two examples are specifically described below.
As shown in fig. 2, the heat conducting substrate 4 of the heat pipe radiator is 120mm long in the X direction, 80mm long in the Y direction, and 4mm thick in the Z direction; the length of the long L-shaped fins 3 in the Y direction is 80mm, the length of the long L-shaped fins in the X direction is 3mm, the height of the long L-shaped fins in the Z direction is 15mm, and the thickness of the long L-shaped fins is 0.3mm, wherein the number of the long L-shaped fins is 30; the short L-shaped fins 3 are 10 pieces in total, wherein the length of the short L-shaped fins in the Y direction is 50mm, the length of the short L-shaped fins in the X direction is 3mm, the height of the short L-shaped fins in the Z direction is 15mm, and the thickness of the short L-shaped fins is 0.3 mm. The heat conducting substrate 4 and the fins are both made of T2 red copper.
When the welding method is adopted, the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3 is placed in a to-be-welded area of the heat conducting substrate 4, and the initial part and the end part of the narrow edge are respectively subjected to primary capacitance spot welding positioning by a compact capacitance spot welding machine, wherein the current is 1 kA;
the second step is that: installing a collimation laser gun 2 and a seam welding roller 1 on corresponding positions of a welding mechanical arm, adjusting the horizontal distance between the collimation laser gun 2 and the seam welding roller 1 to be 10mm, adjusting the posture of the mechanical arm to enable laser emitted by the collimation laser gun 2 to be parallel to the normal of a working platform 5, recording the current X-axis coordinate of the mechanical arm on the working platform 5, and setting the size of a rectangular light beam shaped by a light beam shaper to be 2.7mm long in the X direction and 4mm long in the Y direction;
the third step: fixing the prepositioned heat pipe radiator on a working platform 5, moving the heat pipe radiator to coincide with the X-axis coordinate of a welding mechanical arm through a first servo mechanism and a second servo motion mechanism 11, and adjusting the height of the mechanical arm to enable a seam welding roller 1 to be tightly attached to the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3;
the fourth step: setting the laser power at 400W, the capacitance energy storage seam welding current at 6kA, the welding surface pressure at 50MPa and the welding speed at 4 m/min. Starting the equipment and starting welding. In the welding process, rectangular laser emitted by a collimation laser gun 2 preheats the welding narrow side of an L-shaped fin 3, and after preheating, energy storage seam welding is carried out next to a seam welding roller 1;
the fifth step: and repeating the steps to complete the welding of all the L-shaped fins 3.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the heat conducting substrate 4 of the heat pipe radiator has a length of 150mm in the X direction, a length of 100mm in the Y direction, and a thickness of 4mm in the Z direction; the long L-shaped fins 3 are 24 in total, wherein the length of the long L-shaped fins in the Y direction is 100mm, the length of the long L-shaped fins in the X direction is 5mm, the height of the long L-shaped fins in the Z direction is 15mm, and the thickness of the long L-shaped fins is 0.3 mm; the short L-shaped fins 3 are 70mm long in the Y direction, 5mm long in the X direction, 15mm high in the Z direction and 0.3mm thick in total. The thermally conductive substrate 4 and fins are all 1060 pure aluminum.
When the welding method is adopted, the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3 is placed in a to-be-welded area of the heat conducting substrate 4, and the initial part and the end part of the narrow edge are respectively subjected to primary capacitance spot welding positioning by a compact capacitance spot welding machine, wherein the current is 0.8 kA;
the second step is that: mounting a combined device of a collimation laser gun 2 and a seam welding roller 1 on a welding mechanical arm, adjusting the horizontal distance between the collimation laser gun 2 and the seam welding roller 1 to be 12mm, adjusting the posture of the mechanical arm to enable laser emitted by the collimation laser gun 2 to be parallel to the normal of a working platform 5, recording the current X-axis coordinate of the mechanical arm on the working platform 5, and setting the size of a rectangular light beam shaped by a light beam shaper to be 4.7mm long in the X direction and 5mm long in the Y direction;
the third step: fixing the positioned heat pipe radiator in the S1 on the working platform 5, moving the heat pipe radiator to be coincided with the X-axis coordinate of the welding mechanical arm through the first servo mechanism and the second servo motion mechanism 11, and adjusting the height of the mechanical arm to enable the seam welding roller 1 and the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin 3 to be tightly attached;
the fourth step: the laser power is set to be 300W, the capacitance energy storage seam welding current is 4kA, the welding surface pressure is 50MPa, and the welding speed is 4 m/min. Starting the equipment and starting welding. In the welding process, rectangular laser emitted by a collimation laser gun 2 preheats the welding narrow side of an L-shaped fin 3, and after preheating, energy storage seam welding is carried out next to a seam welding roller 1;
the fifth step: and repeating the steps to complete the welding of all the L-shaped fins 3.
The welding method for the heat conduction substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by adopting the technical scheme of collimated rectangular laser preheating and capacitor energy storage seam welding, when fins made of aluminum, copper and alloy materials of the aluminum and the copper are welded, the electric conductivity of the aluminum and the copper alloy is reduced by collimated laser preheating, the conversion rate of electric energy and heat energy in the process of capacitor energy storage seam welding can be obviously increased, and a contact interface is rapidly melted to obtain a high-quality welding seam; meanwhile, the preheating function can effectively avoid the outstanding problems of difficult welding, large deformation and the like caused by high thermal conductivity and large linear expansion coefficient of aluminum and copper alloys, and the welded product has high forming quality, no defect in welding line and small deformation;
2. the heat pipe radiator heat-conducting substrate 4 and the L-shaped fins 3 are welded by adopting a laser-capacitance energy storage seam welding composite welding method, solder paste does not need to be coated in the welding process, and the problems of incomplete infiltration, air holes and the like easily occurring in solder paste reflow welding are avoided in large-area welding;
3. the welding method only carries out local heating on the area to be welded, and the reflow welding method and the high-frequency induction heating welding method need to carry out integral heating on the heat pipe radiator, so that the invention has the advantages of lower required thermal power, higher energy utilization rate and lower cost.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A welding device for heat-conducting base plate and fins of heat pipe radiator is composed of an adjustable rectangular collimation laser module and an energy-accumulating capacitor seam welder,
the adjustable rectangular collimation laser component comprises a fiber laser, an optical gate, a beam shaper and a collimation laser gun which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the fiber laser is used for generating continuous laser with the intensity of Gaussian distribution and inputting the continuous laser into the optical gate, the optical gate collimates the input Gaussian laser and inputs the collimated laser into the beam shaper, and the beam shaper is used for shaping the Gaussian laser into laser with the intensity of rectangular distribution and emits the laser through the collimation laser gun;
the capacitor energy storage seam welding machine comprises a rectifier, a capacitor, a welding transformer and seam welding rollers which are electrically connected in sequence, wherein the rectifier is used for rectifying input power frequency alternating current and charging the capacitor, pulse current with low voltage and high energy density is obtained through the welding transformer after the capacitor is charged, and discharging is carried out through the seam welding rollers.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing base for mounting the heat conducting substrate, wherein the fixing base comprises a working platform for supporting the fixing base, and a lateral moving mechanism and a longitudinal moving mechanism connected to the working platform, and the lateral moving mechanism and the longitudinal moving mechanism respectively control the working platform to move laterally and longitudinally.
3. The welding device for the heat pipe radiator heat-conducting substrate and the fins according to claim 2, wherein the lateral moving mechanism comprises a first fixed bottom plate, a lateral lead screw, a lateral moving slider and a first servo motion mechanism, the lateral lead screw is located above the first fixed bottom plate, the lateral moving slider is arranged on the lateral lead screw in a penetrating way, the first servo motion mechanism is connected with the lateral lead screw to drive the lateral lead screw to rotate, and the lateral moving slider is fixed below the working platform to support the lateral moving slider;
the longitudinal moving mechanism comprises a second fixed base plate, a longitudinal lead screw, a longitudinal moving sliding block and a second servo moving mechanism, the longitudinal lead screw is located above the second fixed base plate, the longitudinal moving sliding block is arranged on the longitudinal lead screw in a penetrating mode, the second servo moving mechanism is connected with the longitudinal lead screw to drive the longitudinal moving sliding block to rotate, and the longitudinal moving sliding block is fixed below the first fixed base plate to support the longitudinal moving sliding block.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a controller electrically connected to the first and second servomotors.
5. A welding method based on the device for welding the heat-conducting substrate and the fins of the heat pipe radiator in any one of claims 3 or 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing spot welding and pre-fixing on the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin and the heat conducting substrate;
s2, fixing a collimation laser gun in front of the rolling direction of the seam welding roller, adjusting the horizontal distance between the collimation laser gun and the seam welding roller, adjusting the collimation laser gun to enable the collimation laser gun to be vertical to the working platform, recording the X-axis coordinate of the collimation laser gun on the working platform, and setting the size of the rectangular beam shaped by the beam shaper;
s3, fixing the heat pipe radiator pre-fixed in the step S1 on a working platform, moving the heat pipe radiator to be overlapped with the X-axis coordinate of the collimation laser gun through a first servo mechanism and a second servo motion mechanism, and adjusting the installation height of a seam welding roller to enable the seam welding roller to be tightly attached to the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin;
s4, starting a welding device to start welding, wherein in the welding process, rectangular laser emitted by a collimation laser gun preheats the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fin, and after preheating, energy storage seam welding is carried out by a seam welding roller;
s5, repeating the steps S1 to S4 until all the L-shaped fins are welded.
6. The welding method for the welding device of the heat pipe radiator heat conduction substrate and the fins as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the welding narrow edge of the L-shaped fins and the heat conduction substrate are pre-fixed by spot welding:
and (3) placing the narrow edge of the L-shaped fin in a region to be welded, and respectively carrying out capacitance spot welding at the initial part and the end part of the narrow edge, wherein the current of the capacitance spot welding is 0.5kA-2 kA.
7. The welding method for the welding device of the heat pipe radiator heat conduction substrate and the fin as claimed in claim 5, wherein the width of the rectangular laser after the shaping of the beam shaper is smaller than or equal to the width of the narrow side of the L-shaped fin, and the material of the seam welding roller is tungsten alloy.
8. The method for welding a heat pipe radiator heat conducting substrate and fin welding device according to claim 5, wherein the L-shaped fins and the heat conducting substrate are made of aluminum, copper, aluminum alloy or copper alloy.
9. The welding method for the welding device of the heat pipe radiator heat conduction substrate and the fin as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the material of the L-shaped fin is copper or copper alloy, the rectangular collimated laser power range is 300W-500W, the welding current range of the capacitive storage seam is 5kA-7kA, and the welding surface pressure range is 40MPa-60 MPa.
10. The welding method for the welding device of the heat pipe radiator heat conduction substrate and the fin as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the material of the L-shaped fin is aluminum or aluminum alloy, the rectangular collimated laser power range is 200W-400W, the capacitive storage seam welding current range is 3kA-5kA, and the welding surface pressure range is 40MPa-60 MPa.
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