CN112471011A - Three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil area - Google Patents
Three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil area Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112471011A CN112471011A CN202011444084.XA CN202011444084A CN112471011A CN 112471011 A CN112471011 A CN 112471011A CN 202011444084 A CN202011444084 A CN 202011444084A CN 112471011 A CN112471011 A CN 112471011A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- months
- feeding
- saline
- equal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000371997 Eriocheir sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000729 antidote Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019784 crude fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one;molecular iodine Chemical compound II.C=CN1CCCC1=O CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000252228 Ctenopharyngodon Species 0.000 claims description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000153 Povidone-iodine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;sulfooxy sulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O HDMGAZBPFLDBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001621 povidone-iodine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000530454 Litopenaeus schmitti Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004129 EU approved improving agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001597062 Channa argus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001122122 Chanodichthys ilishaeformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000733943 Hapalogaster mertensii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/342—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the enzymes used
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil areas, and belongs to the technical field of freshwater aquaculture. It comprises four aspects of culture pond environment control, seedling placing, feeding and water quality management. The invention improves the utilization rate and the income of unit water body by mixing and matching the upper layer, the middle layer and the benthic breeding species. In the conventional culture mode, the profitable sources are mainly grass carp, spotted silver carp and silver carp, and the mode increases south America white shrimps and Chinese mitten crabs and fully utilizes pond resources in saline-alkali areas. According to the invention, through professional water regulation, water fertilization, bottom improvement measures and reasonable matching of feed, stable and rich biological feed is kept in the whole process, and meanwhile, the method is suitable for the growth conditions of various breeding varieties, and better economic benefits are obtained on the premise of not additionally increasing the cost investment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of freshwater aquaculture, in particular to a three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil areas.
Background
The east-Yinghuanghe delta wetland is a typical coastal newly-generated wetland, has wide shallow sea tidal flat area, has rich aquatic biological resources and has larger fishery development potential. The Dongying city is used as a core city of the yellow river delta, and aquaculture plays an important role in the local economic development.
The yellow river delta land is formed by the development of sediments formed by estuary sedimentation and river flooding action in thousands of years, is in a complex saline environment under the influence of nature and human, the soil in the area has high salt content, the mineralization degree of underground water is high, particularly in offshore swamps and mudflats, the salt content of the soil is more than 2g/l, the underground buried depth is less than 1m, the mineralization degree is more than 30g/l, and the salinity of the pond water body is commonly 0.9-1.5 per thousand. The current situation of water resources in the eastern region for many years severely restricts the development of the eastern aquaculture, and freshwater economic fish species are only grass carp, crucian carp, spotted silver carp, silver carp and the like.
In recent years, with the rapid development of aquaculture, aquaculture structures in China have changed relatively greatly. The water resources of the pond are in shortage, and the water level of the pond is changed; the consumption is upgraded, the consumption of the conventional freshwater fish is seriously reduced, and the economic benefit of freshwater aquaculture species is lower and lower. Under the condition of changing the environment of aquaculture, how to fully utilize water resources and create more benefits in unit water is more and more important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil areas, which can improve the yield and benefit of unit water body on the premise of not excessively increasing the aquaculture cost.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the method is realized by the following technical scheme:
a three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil areas comprises the following steps:
controlling the environment of the culture pond: the water surface area is more than or equal to 100 mu; the depth of the pool water is 1.5-5 m, and the dissolved oxygen of the water body is more than or equal to 5 mg/L; the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, the nitrite content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, and the pH value is 7-8;
seedling releasing: seeds were placed in the culture pond according to the following table:
| variety of (IV) C | Time of seedling setting | Specification of | Density (Tail/mu) |
| Grass carp | For 3-4 months | 3-4 kg/jin | 200-800 |
| Spotted silver carp | For 3-4 months | 1-2 jin/tail | 20-80 |
| Silver carp | For 3-4 months | 0.5-1 jin/tail | 10-50 |
| Penaeus vannamei boone | For 5-6 months | 3-5 thousand mu/jin | 2-3 ten thousand |
| Eriocheir sinensis | For 2-3 months | Less than or equal to 60 heads/jin | 200-400 |
Feeding: calculated by the total mass of the grass carps, the daily bait feeding rate is 0.5-1% in 3-4 months; in 5-6 months, the daily erbium adding rate is 1-2%; in 7-8 months, the daily erbium adding rate is 1.5-2%; the bait is thrown into the bait in the daily period of 2 to 2.5 percent in 9 to 12 months;
water quality management: spraying fertilizer and water products into the culture pond for 1-2 times per month, wherein the dosage of each time is 1-2 kg/mu.
Preferably, in the feeding step: feeding the granular sinking material at 3-4 months; feeding the granular submerged material and the expanded floating material in 5-8 months; feeding the submerged granular material in 9-12 months.
Further preferably, the mass ratio of the crude protein, the crude fat and the lysine in the granular sinking water material is more than or equal to 28%, 5.5% and 1.6%.
Further preferably, the mass ratio of the crude protein, the crude fat and the lysine in the puffed floating material is more than or equal to 28%, 5.5% and 1.6%.
Preferably, in the feeding step, feeding is carried out for 3 times per day when the water temperature is 15-20 ℃; when the water temperature is more than 20 ℃, feeding for 4 times every day.
Preferably, before the step of putting the fish fries, the fish fries are soaked in salt solution before being put into a culture pond; applying disinfectant to kill virus 10-15 days before placing Penaeus vannamei Boone in the culture pond, applying primer modifying agent 3-5 days before placing Penaeus vannamei Boone in the culture pond, and applying antidote 1-2 days before placing Penaeus vannamei Boone.
Further preferably, the fish are soaked in 3-5% saline solution by volume for at least 5 minutes before being placed in the culture pond;
the disinfectant is an iodine preparation, i.e. a compound of povidone iodine, 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone homopolymer and iodine, and has effective iodine mass fraction of not less than 10%, such as tolfenbutamide, and the dosage of 0.25-2L/mu x m.
The bottom modifying agent is a chemical bottom modifying agent or a biological bottom modifying agent;
the chemical bottom modifying agent is a mixture of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, toxin decomposition complex enzyme, anion exchanger and oxygen increasing agent; the dosage of the chemical bottom-modifying agent is 250-300 g/mu x m;
the biological primer modifier is a compound microorganism; the dosage of the biological bottom-modifying agent is 200-250 g/mu x m;
is used every 10-15 days.
Preferably, the water fertilizing product is a mixture of instant nutrient elements, small peptides, beneficial bacteria, beneficial enzymes and water quality improving agents, the dosage of the water fertilizing product is 1-2 kg/mu of water body every time, and the water fertilizing is performed 1-2 times every month.
The invention improves the utilization rate and the income of unit water body by mixing and matching the upper layer, the middle layer and the benthic breeding species. In the conventional culture mode, the profitable sources are mainly grass carp, spotted silver carp and silver carp, and the mode increases south America white shrimps and Chinese mitten crabs and fully utilizes pond resources in saline-alkali areas. According to the invention, through professional water regulation, water fertilization, bottom improvement measures and reasonable matching of feed, stable and rich biological feed is kept in the whole process, and meanwhile, the method is suitable for the growth conditions of various breeding varieties, and better economic benefits are obtained on the premise of not additionally increasing the cost investment.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention so that those skilled in the art may better understand the invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the invention. Other various modifications, substitutions and alterations of the above-described structures of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the basic technical spirit of the invention as described herein.
Due to the reasons of fry supply, weather change and the like, the accurate fry placing date is generally difficult to determine in the fry placing time in aquaculture, and the final effect cannot be influenced as long as the fry is placed in a time period meeting the requirements.
In the invention, "/mu x m" refers to one meter of water depth, and the water surface is calculated per mu.
Example one
(1) The pond is selected, the geographical position where water, electricity and circuits are smooth is selected, the circuit is smooth, and the normal operation of a pond batch feeder and an oxygenation machine is ensured by 200-500 meters away from the nearest transformer. The area of the pond is more than or equal to 100 mu, and the water depth is 1.5-2 m; the pond is rectangular in shape and has an east-west trend, and the 'pot bottom type' pond ensures that the water depth of a feeding area is slightly deep; the slope of the pond ridge is 1:3, and the pond ridge is preferably protected by building garbage or non-woven fabrics.
(2) Adding water into the pond: adding yellow river water by a water pump 3 months before or next year, completing pond water adding in 5-7 days, and filtering out carnivorous fishes (such as snakehead, Erythroculter ilishaeformis, and the like) possibly existing in the yellow river water by using a net bag at a water inlet pipe orifice.
(2) Mechanical configuration: the air-conveying bait casting machine is configured according to the area of the pond, and the feeding radius of the 3kw air-conveying bait casting machine is 15-20 m; meanwhile, in order to meet the requirement of dissolved oxygen, two 3kw impeller oxygen increasing machines, two 1.5kw waterwheel oxygen increasing machines, two 2.2kw surge machines and two 1.5kw waterwheel oxygen increasing machines are arranged around the feeding area in a pond with the area of every 100 plus 150 mu, and the oxygen increasing machines are uniformly distributed around the feeding area; 5-6 impeller oxygen-increasing machines outside the feeding area are horizontally arranged in the center of the pond at intervals of 10-20 m; the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept to be more than or equal to 5 mg/L.
(4) Fry stocking: before putting seedlings, pretreating pond water, starting an aerator for aeration, improving the dissolved oxygen level of a water body to at least 5mg/l, and disinfecting by using quick lime; after the requirement of fry stocking is met, the purchased fries are sterilized and disinfected in a fish tank car by 3-5% of salt solution.
After the requirements are met, stocking according to the following table 1.
TABLE 1 proportion table of stocking seedlings
| Variety of (IV) C | Time of seedling setting | Specification of | Density (Tail/mu) |
| Grass carp | For 3-4 months | 3-4 kg/jin | 500 |
| Spotted silver carp | For 3-4 months | 1-2 jin/tail | 40 |
| Silver carp | For 3-4 months | 0.5-1 jin/tail | 10 |
| Penaeus vannamei boone | For 5-6 months | 3-5 thousand mu/jin | 2-3 ten thousand |
| Eriocheir sinensis | For 2-3 months | 60 heads/jin | 300 |
Before the grass carp, spotted silver carp and silver carp fries are put into the pond, the grass carp, spotted silver carp and silver carp fries are soaked in 3-5% saline solution for 5 minutes so as to achieve the effects of sterilization, disinfection and disinsection; the shrimp larvae are required to be killed and disinfected in the whole pool 10-15 days before entering the pool; 3-5 days before the seedlings are put, changing the bottom of the whole pool and adjusting water; 1-2 days before the seedlings are put, detoxifying in the whole pool; the crab larva is directly connected into the pool.
The pond sterilization and disinfection selects milder iodine preparation, such as Tongweiduinn, which is a compound of povidone iodine, 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone homopolymer and iodine, the mass fraction of effective iodine is not less than 10%, and the dosage is 0.25-2L/mu x m;
the pond detoxification selects antidote which takes fruit acid, polybasic organic acid and natural surfactant as main components, such as tolfenbutamide, and the product needs to be diluted by 100 times in water, and then is uniformly sprinkled in the whole pond, and the dosage of the antidote is 150 ml/mu m water body, and the antidote is generally used during the period of bacterial diseases of fish bodies.
The chemical bottom-modifying agent mainly comprises potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, toxin decomposition complex enzyme, anion exchanger, oxygen increasing agent and the like, such as Tongwei bottom modification; the main components of the biological bottom-improving agent are composite microorganisms and bioactive substances, such as Tongwei viable bacteria bottom-improving agent, and the two bottom-improving agents are used once every 10-15 days (the biological bottom-improving agent is not used in rainy days). When the base modifying agent is a chemical base modifying agent, the dosage is 250-300 g/mu x m; when the biological bottom-modifying agent is used, the dosage is 200-250 g/mu x m;
the pond detoxification selects antidote which takes fruit acid, polybasic organic acid and natural surfactant as main components, such as tolfenbutamide, and the product needs to be diluted by 100 times in water, and then is uniformly sprinkled in the whole pond, and the dosage of the antidote is 150 ml/mu m water body, and the antidote is generally used during the period of bacterial diseases of fish bodies.
(5) Feeding the feed: the invention selects a combined feeding mode of expanded feed and granular feed, feeds granular submerged feed in 3-4 months, controls the daily feeding rate at 0.5-1%, and feeds three meals (8: 00, 12: 00, 16: 00) every day; feeding the expanded floating material and the submerged granular material in 5-6 months, controlling the daily bait feeding rate at 1-2%, feeding four meals (6: 00, 10: 00, 14: 00 and 18: 00) each day, feeding the expanded material twice in the morning and evening, and feeding the granular material twice in the middle; feeding the puffed floating material and the submerged granular material in 7-8 months, wherein the daily bait feeding rate is 1.5-2%, feeding four meals (6: 00, 10: 00, 14: 00 and 18: 00) every day, and feeding the puffed floating material in the morning and at night to ensure better ingestion effect; feeding the submerged granular material in 9-10 months, wherein the daily bait feeding rate is 2-2.5%, and feeding four meals 6: 00. 10: 00. 14: 00. 18: 00).
In the culture mode, only grass carp is eaten, and other culture varieties such as hairy crabs and the like all use the remaining debris, water plankton and culture variety residues eaten by grass carp as food sources, so that the other culture qualities do not need to consider feeding; the feeding rate is calculated by the total mass of the grass carps.
(6) Water quality management: the fertilizer water selects fertilizer water products which take instant nutrient elements, small peptides, beneficial bacteria, beneficial enzymes, water quality modifiers, functional amino acids, plant polysaccharides and biological enzymes as main components, such as the Tongweiya algae polypeptides, the products need to be sprinkled in a whole pool after water dissolution, the using amount is 1-2 kg/mu per meter of water body, the fertilizer water is fertilized for 1-2 times per month, and the fertilizer water is selected to be carried out on sunny days;
under the condition that the water quality of the pond exceeds the standard of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, a product rich in denitrifying bacteria (such as Tongweijing) is used in time; when the nitrite content of the water body is 0.2-0.3mg/L, 1Kg of Tongweijing is used for 4-6/mu x m water body;
when the ammonia nitrogen is more than or equal to 0.2mg/L, the Tongwei composite spores (1 kg/bag) are used, 40-50 times of water is added to fully activate for 2-4 hours, and then the water is splashed in the whole pond, wherein each bag is used for 16-20/mu m, so that the water quality of the pond is kept in a relatively optimal state for a long time.
(7) Harvesting and catching: after the cultured species reach the specifications in the table 2, the cultured species are selected for sale according to market conditions, fish are fished for sale in sequence, the pond density is gradually reduced, the rapid growth of the remaining fishes with relatively small specifications is ensured, and the pond density is reduced.
TABLE 2 cultivation market Specifications
Claims (9)
1. A three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil areas is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
controlling the environment of the culture pond: the water surface area is more than or equal to 100 mu; the depth of the pool water is 1.5-5 m, and the dissolved oxygen of the water body is more than or equal to 5 mg/L; the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than or equal to 0.2mg/L, the nitrite content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, and the pH value is 7-8;
seedling releasing: putting the following seedlings into a culture pond:
grass carp is bred for 3-4 months, 3-4 fries/jin, and the breeding density is 200 and 800 fries/mu;
1-2 spotted silver carps are put in 3-4 months with the seedling density of 20-80 seedlings per mu;
silver carp, 3-4 months of seedling, 0.5-1 per jin, and the density of seedling is 10-50 per mu;
putting the penaeus vannamei boone seedlings for 5-6 months at a seedling density of 2-3 ten thousand tails/mu for 3-5 jin;
the eriocheir sinensis is released for 2-3 months, the number of the released seedlings is less than or equal to 60 per jin, and the density of the released seedlings is 200 plus 400 tails per mu;
feeding: calculated by the total mass of the grass carps, the daily bait feeding rate is 0.5-1% in 3-4 months; in 5-6 months, the daily erbium adding rate is 1-2%; in 7-8 months, the daily erbium adding rate is 1.5-2%; the bait is thrown into the bait in the daily period of 2 to 2.5 percent in 9 to 12 months;
water quality management: spraying fertilizer and water products into the culture pond for 1-2 times per month, wherein the dosage of each time is 1-2 kg/mu.
2. The method of claim 1 for three-dimensional aquaculture in areas suitable for saline and alkaline land, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the feeding step comprises the following steps: feeding the granular sinking material at 3-4 months; feeding the granular submerged material and the expanded floating material in 5-8 months; feeding the submerged granular material in 9-12 months.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: calculated by mass ratio, the crude protein, the crude fat and the lysine of the granular sinking water material are more than or equal to 28%, 5.5% and 1.6%, respectively.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of: calculated by mass ratio, the crude protein of the puffed floating material is more than or equal to 28 percent, the crude fat is more than or equal to 5.5 percent, and the lysine is more than or equal to 1.6 percent.
5. The method of claim 1 for three-dimensional aquaculture in areas suitable for saline and alkaline land, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the feeding step, feeding for 3 times every day when the water temperature is 15-20 ℃; when the water temperature is more than 20 ℃, feeding for 4 times every day.
6. The method of claim 1 for three-dimensional aquaculture in areas suitable for saline and alkaline land, wherein the method comprises the following steps: before the step of putting the fish fries, the fish fries are soaked in salt solution before being put into a culture pond; applying disinfectant to kill virus 10-15 days before placing Penaeus vannamei Boone in the culture pond, applying primer modifying agent 3-5 days before placing Penaeus vannamei Boone in the culture pond, and applying antidote 1-2 days before placing Penaeus vannamei Boone.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: before the fish is put into a culture pond, soaking the fish for at least 5 minutes by using 3-5% of saline solution by volume concentration;
the disinfectant is a compound of povidone iodine, 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone homopolymer and iodine, the mass fraction of effective iodine is more than or equal to 10%, and the dosage is 0.25-2L/mu x m.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the bottom modifying agent is a chemical bottom modifying agent or a biological bottom modifying agent;
the chemical bottom modifying agent is a mixture of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, toxin decomposition complex enzyme, anion exchanger and oxygen increasing agent; the dosage of the chemical bottom-modifying agent is 250-300 g/mu x m;
the biological primer modifier is a compound microorganism; the dosage of the biological bottom-modifying agent is 200-250 g/mu x m;
is used every 10-15 days.
9. The method of claim 1 for three-dimensional aquaculture in areas suitable for saline and alkaline land, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water fertilizing product is a mixture of instant nutrient elements, small peptides, beneficial bacteria, beneficial enzymes and a water quality modifier, the dosage of the water fertilizing product is 1-2 kg/mu per meter of water body every time, and the water fertilizing is carried out 1-2 times per month.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011444084.XA CN112471011A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011444084.XA CN112471011A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil area |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112471011A true CN112471011A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
Family
ID=74940104
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011444084.XA Pending CN112471011A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112471011A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114238843A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-25 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for measuring and calculating safe application of breeding rich water farmland |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104982273A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-21 | 遵义华丰农资有限公司 | Cultivation method allowing rice-fish intergrowth |
| CN109601776A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-12 | 山东中牧兽药有限公司 | A kind of feed and preparation method thereof suitable for grass carp cultivation |
-
2020
- 2020-12-08 CN CN202011444084.XA patent/CN112471011A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104982273A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-21 | 遵义华丰农资有限公司 | Cultivation method allowing rice-fish intergrowth |
| CN109601776A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-04-12 | 山东中牧兽药有限公司 | A kind of feed and preparation method thereof suitable for grass carp cultivation |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 任慧民: "《北方地区草鱼池塘健康养殖高产技术》", 30 September 2016, 海军出版社 * |
| 刘庆华: "《新编配合饲料生产与应用技术》", 31 January 2011, 河南科学技术出版社 * |
| 谢国兴等: "草鱼养殖池塘搭配南美白对虾高效生产模式", 《水产养殖》 * |
| 郭宇: "硬颗粒料与膨化料搭配喂鱼效果好", 《农村养殖技术》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114238843A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-03-25 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for measuring and calculating safe application of breeding rich water farmland |
| CN114238843B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-10 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for measuring and calculating safe application of breeding rich water farmland |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105994027B (en) | A kind of cultural method and pond for improving pond Procambius clarkii commercial specification and yield | |
| CN100403884C (en) | Method for breeding river crab | |
| CN104925949B (en) | Method for purifying water quality | |
| CN107173136A (en) | A kind of method of paddy field aquaculture cray | |
| CN101584304B (en) | Method for ecologically culturing high-quality red testis river crabs | |
| CN101305700B (en) | River crab breeding method using early-bred crab larva | |
| CN103355235A (en) | Efficient feed breeding method for chicken lobsters | |
| CN109845673A (en) | A kind of paddy field aquaculture method of red claw crayfish | |
| CN106508735A (en) | Method for three-dimensional mixed culture of escargots and fish | |
| CN1871899A (en) | Safe high performance synthetical technique for aquiculture of mandarin fish in extratropic region | |
| CN105557569A (en) | Pond culture method for Mastacembelus armatus | |
| CN111084135B (en) | High-quality eriocheir sinensis breeding method | |
| CN106614180A (en) | Prawn farming method | |
| CN108575841A (en) | A kind of cultural method of cray | |
| CN112471011A (en) | Three-dimensional aquaculture method suitable for saline-alkali soil area | |
| CN109006605B (en) | Freshwater ecological breeding method for penaeus vannamei boone | |
| CN110839569A (en) | Method for cultivating wild rice field eel seedlings in spring | |
| CN111066705A (en) | Improved river crab ecological breeding method | |
| CN105409848A (en) | Method for controlling bacterial diseases by co-culturing Siganus ConcatenaluJ and Penaeus japonicus | |
| CN1375193A (en) | Method of mixed raising large-mouth sucker in crab pond | |
| CN112369352B (en) | Pond out-of-season alternate breeding method for micropterus salmoides and litopenaeus vannamei | |
| CN114451337A (en) | Method for breeding Scylla paramamosain in pond by saline-alkali water in inner Mongolia plateau saline-alkali soil | |
| CN107278980A (en) | A kind of method that lobster cultivates jointly with crucian | |
| CN102342255A (en) | Method for culturing plagiognathops microlepis | |
| CN112535131A (en) | Breeding method for improving quality of eriocheir sinensis |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210312 |