CN112464382A - Automobile instrument board beam size optimization design method - Google Patents
Automobile instrument board beam size optimization design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112464382A CN112464382A CN202011376620.7A CN202011376620A CN112464382A CN 112464382 A CN112464382 A CN 112464382A CN 202011376620 A CN202011376620 A CN 202011376620A CN 112464382 A CN112464382 A CN 112464382A
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013433 optimization analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimally designing the size of a beam of an automobile instrument panel, which comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a finite element analysis model of the steering system; s2, restraining the side boundary of the vehicle body, and performing modal analysis on the steering system in the whole vehicle state before optimization to obtain the typical modal frequency of the steering system; s3, performing size optimization work on the sheet metal part; s4, obtaining a sensitivity coefficient and a size optimization proposal of the sheet metal part; s5, screening out part of the sheet metal parts as optimization objects, and performing free size optimization work on the sheet metal parts; and S6, obtaining an instrument board beam optimization cloud picture, carrying out weight reduction on the local position of the instrument board beam, and verifying the optimization result. The method for optimally designing the size of the automobile instrument panel beam can obtain the instrument panel beam structure with the lightest weight on the premise of meeting the modal performance target of an automobile steering system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a method for optimally designing the size of a beam of an automobile instrument panel.
Background
With the continuous and severe requirements of domestic emission regulations and oil consumption targets, each system of the automobile is required to be designed in a light weight mode on the basis of meeting the performance target of the system. The structural rigidity of the instrument board beam has great influence on the mode of the steering system of the automobile, and on the basis of good instrument board beam structural design, the material thickness optimization and hole digging and weight reduction are carried out on the instrument board beam structural part so as to meet the weight target of the instrument board beam and the performance target requirement of the steering system. The existing automobile instrument board beam size optimization design method cannot meet the optimal sheet metal material thickness combination under the modal target of a steering system, cannot realize reasonable setting of the position of the weight-reducing excavation hole, and cannot obtain the instrument board beam structure with the lightest weight.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a method for optimally designing the size of an automobile instrument panel beam, and aims to obtain an instrument panel beam structure with the lightest weight on the premise of meeting the modal performance target of an automobile steering system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the automobile instrument board beam size optimization design method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a finite element analysis model of the steering system;
s2, restraining the side boundary of the vehicle body, and performing modal analysis on the steering system in the whole vehicle state before optimization to obtain the typical modal frequency of the steering system;
s3, selecting the material thickness of the sheet metal part on the instrument board beam before optimization as a design variable, setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the material thickness of the sheet metal part, setting an optimization constraint condition and an optimization target, analyzing the sensitivity coefficient of the sheet metal part, and performing size optimization work on the sheet metal part;
s4, obtaining a sensitivity coefficient and a size optimization proposal of the sheet metal part;
s5, based on the suggested size optimization scheme of the sheet metal part, performing free size optimization work on the sheet metal part, screening out part of the sheet metal part as an optimization object, setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the material thickness of the optimization object, setting an optimization constraint condition and an optimization target, and performing free size optimization work on the sheet metal part;
and S6, obtaining an instrument board beam optimization cloud picture, carrying out weight reduction on the local position of the instrument board beam, and verifying the optimization result.
In step S2, typical modal frequencies of the steering system include a lateral modal frequency and a vertical modal frequency.
The lateral modal frequency is 34.6Hz, and the vertical modal frequency is 38.8 Hz.
In the step S3, the upper limit value of the material thickness of the sheet metal part is set to be 1.3 times of the initial design material thickness, and the lower limit value is set to be 1.0 mm.
In the step S3, the optimization constraint condition is set as the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the vehicle state, and the optimization target is the lowest weight of the sheet metal part of the instrument panel beam. The lower limit value of the thickness of the sheet metal is less than 1.0mm, and the sheet metal is easy to generate strength and fatigue risk.
In the step S4, if the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the vehicle state does not reach the target value in the optimization constraint condition, returning to continue to execute the step S3, and continuing to perform the size optimization work of the sheet metal part.
In the step S5, the lower limit value of the material thickness of the optimized object is set to be 0mm, the upper limit value of the optimized object is the optimized suggested size obtained in the step S3, and the hole digging and weight reducing optimization is similar to the sheet metal structure.
In the step S5, the optimization constraint condition is set as the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the vehicle state, and the optimization target is the lowest weight of the sheet metal part of the instrument panel beam.
According to the method for optimally designing the size of the automobile instrument board beam, the instrument board beam structure is linked with the steering system mode from the angle of the NVH performance of the whole automobile, the sheet metal sensitivity of the instrument board beam is analyzed by taking the mode of the steering system as a target, so that the optimal sheet metal thickness combination meeting the mode target of the steering system is pursued, the reasonable weight-reducing hole digging position is pursued, and the instrument board beam structure with the lightest weight can be obtained on the premise of meeting the mode performance target of the automobile steering system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an analysis model of a steering system in a state of simulating a whole vehicle;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a panel cross beam sheet metal thickness sensitivity coefficient distribution based on a steering system lateral mode as a target;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a proposed scheme of sheet metal material thickness after optimization of the size of the instrument panel beam;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a large-area sheet metal of a cross beam of an instrument panel optimized and screened in free size;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cloud diagram of an optimized sheet metal with free sizes optimized and holes dug;
fig. 6 is a side mode shape cloud chart of the steering system after the free size optimization scheme is verified.
The labels in the above figures are: 1. a vehicle body section structure; 2. a dashboard beam skeleton structure; 3. steering column and steering wheel structures; 4. and modeling the quality point of the instrument panel assembly.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings for a purpose of helping those skilled in the art to more fully, accurately and deeply understand the concept and technical solution of the present invention and to facilitate its implementation.
The invention provides a method for optimally designing the size of a beam of an automobile instrument panel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a finite element analysis model of the steering system;
s2, restraining the side boundary of the vehicle body, and performing modal analysis on the steering system in the whole vehicle state before optimization to obtain the typical modal frequency of the steering system;
s3, selecting the sheet metal part on the instrument board beam before optimization as a design variable, setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the material thickness of the sheet metal part, setting an optimization constraint condition and an optimization target, analyzing the sensitivity coefficient of the sheet metal part, and performing size (size) work of the sheet metal part;
s4, obtaining a sensitivity coefficient and a size optimization suggestion scheme of the sheet metal part, and judging whether the size optimization suggestion scheme is an optimal scheme;
s5, according to the suggested scheme of size optimization of the sheet metal parts, performing free size optimization work of the sheet metal parts, screening out part of the sheet metal parts as optimization objects, setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the material thickness of the optimization objects, setting optimization constraint conditions and optimization targets, and performing free size optimization work of the sheet metal parts;
and S6, obtaining an instrument board beam optimization cloud picture, carrying out weight reduction on the local position of the instrument board beam, and verifying the optimization result.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the instrument panel beam is mainly composed of a beam body and a plurality of sheet metal parts arranged on the beam body, the instrument panel beam is mounted on the vehicle body, and a steering column of the steering system is mounted on the instrument panel beam.
In the step S1, reading data of the instrument panel cross member, the steering system, and the vicinity of the connection with the vehicle body, importing the data into finite element preprocessing software, and establishing a finite element analysis model of the steering system in the finite element preprocessing software; considering the mass of relevant components on the instrument board, wherein the components comprise plastic parts on the instrument board, an air conditioner compressor, an air bag, an electrical box and the like, 6 degrees of freedom of connection of a finite element analysis model of the steering system and the side of the vehicle body are restrained, the accuracy of the finite element analysis model of the steering system is checked, the whole vehicle state of the steering system is simulated, and the finite element analysis model of the steering system in the whole vehicle state is shown in figure 1.
In step S2, the vehicle body side boundary is constrained, and modal analysis is performed on the steering system in the vehicle state before optimization to obtain a typical modal frequency of the steering system, where the typical modal frequency of the steering system includes a lateral modal frequency and a vertical modal frequency, the lateral modal frequency is 34.6Hz, and the vertical modal frequency is 38.8 Hz. Because the lateral modal frequency of the steering system analysis mode is lower than that of the vertical direction, the lateral modal frequency is mainly used as a main evaluation index in the optimization method.
A plurality of sheet metal parts are arranged on the instrument board beam. In step S3, the material thickness of each sheet metal part on the front instrument panel beam is optimized as a design variable, and in consideration of the structure implementation process and the structural strength and fatigue of the sheet metal part, the upper limit value of the material thickness of each sheet metal part is set to be 1.3 times of the initial design material thickness, the lower limit value of the material thickness of each sheet metal part is set to be 1.0mm, the optimization constraint condition is set to be the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the vehicle state, the lower limit value of the lateral modal frequency is set, the lower limit value of the weight of the sheet metal part targeted for the instrument panel beam is optimized, and it is ensured that the instrument panel beam structure with the lightest weight can be obtained on the premise of meeting the modal performance target of the vehicle steering system.
The finite element pretreatment software is Hypermesh. In step S3, the Optistruct optimization tool size in the finite element preprocessing software Hypermesh is used to perform the size optimization analysis of the sheet metal part.
In the step S4, by analyzing the sensitivity coefficient and the size optimization suggestion scheme of each sheet metal part, where the size is the material thickness of the sheet metal part, if the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the vehicle state does not reach the lower limit value in the optimization constraint condition, returning to continue to execute the step S3, and continuing to perform the size optimization work of the sheet metal part until the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the vehicle state reaches the lower limit value in the optimization constraint condition, thereby obtaining the optimal solution of the size optimization suggestion scheme, and then executing the step S5.
In step S5, the sensitivity coefficient of each sheet metal part and the material thickness recommendation of the sheet metal part corresponding to the lowest instrument panel beam weight under the optimization constraint condition are obtained, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. After the optimal solution of the size optimization proposal is adopted, the lateral modal frequency of the steering system is increased from 34.6Hz to 36.0Hz, and the weight increase value of the whole instrument board beam is 40 g.
In the above step S5, based on the optimal solution of the proposed solution for optimizing the size of the sheet metal part, free size optimization of the sheet metal part is performed, and a part of the sheet metal part is selected as an optimized object, as shown in fig. 4, a sheet metal part with a flat surface and a weight reduction space is selected, the thickness of the selected sheet metal part is used as a design variable, the lower limit value of the thickness of the optimized object is set to be 0mm, the upper limit value of the optimized object is the thickness corresponding to the optimal solution of the proposed solution for optimizing the size obtained in the above step S3, the lower limit value of lateral modal frequency is set, the lower limit value of the weight of the sheet metal part targeted to be the dashboard beam is optimized, and the free size optimization analysis of the sheet metal part is performed by using Optistruct optimization tool free size in finite element software Hypermesh. Through the optimization of the free dimension, the regions of the screened sheet metal parts, which are insensitive to the steering mode, can be obtained, so that the weight is reduced.
In the step S6, obtaining an optimized cloud chart of the dashboard beam after the free dimension optimization, as shown in fig. 5, performing weight reduction on a local position (shown as a dark region) of the dashboard beam, where the local position of the weight reduction is a position where a weight reduction hole is formed in the dashboard beam, verifying an optimization result, and completing the whole dashboard beam optimization work based on the steering system mode, as shown in fig. 6, where the lateral mode frequency of the steering system is 36.0Hz in the whole vehicle state.
In the whole optimization process, the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the whole vehicle state is improved by 1.4Hz, the weight of the instrument board beam is increased by 5g, and the weight can be ignored, so that the optimization purpose is achieved, and the cost is saved.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific implementation in the above-described manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to apply the inventive concept and solution to other applications without substantial modification.
Claims (8)
1. The automobile instrument board beam size optimization design method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a finite element analysis model of the steering system;
s2, restraining the side boundary of the vehicle body, and performing modal analysis on the steering system in the whole vehicle state before optimization to obtain the typical modal frequency of the steering system;
s3, selecting the material thickness of the sheet metal part on the instrument board beam before optimization as a design variable, setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the material thickness of the sheet metal part, setting an optimization constraint condition and an optimization target, analyzing the sensitivity coefficient of the sheet metal part, and performing size optimization work on the sheet metal part;
s4, obtaining a sensitivity coefficient and a size optimization proposal of the sheet metal part;
performing free size optimization work on the sheet metal parts based on the suggested size optimization scheme of the sheet metal parts, screening out part of the sheet metal parts as optimization objects, setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the material thickness of the optimization objects, setting optimization constraint conditions and optimization targets, and performing free size optimization work on the sheet metal parts;
and S6, obtaining an instrument board beam optimization cloud picture, carrying out weight reduction on the local position of the instrument board beam, and verifying the optimization result.
2. The method for optimizing the size of a cross member of an automobile dashboard as recited in claim 1, wherein in step S2, typical modal frequencies of a steering system include a lateral modal frequency and a vertical modal frequency.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the lateral modal frequency is 34.6Hz and the vertical modal frequency is 38.8 Hz.
4. The method for optimally designing the size of the cross beam of the automobile instrument panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S3, the upper limit value of the material thickness of the sheet metal part is set to be 1.3 times of the initial design material thickness, and the lower limit value is set to be 1.0 mm.
5. The method for optimally designing the size of the automobile instrument panel beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S3, the optimization constraint condition is set as the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the whole automobile state, and the optimization target is that the weight of the sheet metal part of the instrument panel beam is the lowest.
6. The method for optimally designing the size of the cross beam of the automobile instrument panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S4, if the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the state of the whole automobile does not reach the target value in the optimization constraint condition, the method returns to continue to execute the step S3, and the size optimization work of the sheet metal part is continued.
7. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step S5, the lower limit value of the material thickness of the optimized object is set to 0mm, and the upper limit value of the optimized object is the optimized recommended size obtained in step S3.
8. The method for optimally designing the size of the automobile instrument panel beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S5, the optimization constraint condition is set as the lateral modal frequency of the steering system in the whole automobile state, and the optimization target is that the weight of the sheet metal part of the instrument panel beam is the lowest.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113127978A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-16 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Optimization method for light weight of instrument board beam |
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| CN102211525A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-10-12 | 同济大学 | Design method for extruded magnesium alloy instrument panel tube beam |
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| CN108804857A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-11-13 | 上海思致汽车工程技术有限公司 | A kind of body lightening design method |
| CN110941903A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-31 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile front bumper beam anti-collision performance optimization method based on DOE |
| CN111216378A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-06-02 | 长春英利汽车工业股份有限公司 | Production method of continuous glass fiber board reinforced plastic instrument board beam assembly |
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- 2020-11-30 CN CN202011376620.7A patent/CN112464382A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102211525A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-10-12 | 同济大学 | Design method for extruded magnesium alloy instrument panel tube beam |
| CN106934117A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-07-07 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile instrument panel assembly optimization method |
| CN108804857A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-11-13 | 上海思致汽车工程技术有限公司 | A kind of body lightening design method |
| CN111216378A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-06-02 | 长春英利汽车工业股份有限公司 | Production method of continuous glass fiber board reinforced plastic instrument board beam assembly |
| CN110941903A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-31 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile front bumper beam anti-collision performance optimization method based on DOE |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113127978A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-16 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Optimization method for light weight of instrument board beam |
| CN113127978B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2024-04-09 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Optimization method for light weight of instrument board beam |
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