CN110175365A - A method of improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance.The Modal Test and vibration frequency receptance function of the vehicle structure are obtained using test modal analysis method e first, the pilot system includes vibration excitor, test macro, test computer and three-dimensional acceleration transducer etc..Then body structure finite element analysis model is built by finite element modeling technology, mark is analyzed by mode, confirms the accuracy and reliability of model, and calculate the mode and vibration frequency receptance function of finite element model.For the frequency of vibration frequency receptance function peak value exception, carries out the sensitivity analysis based on panel thickness, find vehicle body design local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness.Troublesome frequencies vibration peak amplitude is significantly reduced, good effect is obtained, enhances product performance using the method for structure optimization further according to integrated distribution region of the modal strain energy under the frequency on the plate, shortens research and development and manufacturing cycle, reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pair of labyrinth low-frequency vibrations to find vibration root and improved method.
Background technique
With China's economic society sustained and rapid development, vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity continues to keep rapid growth situation.According to public security
Portion's statistics, by December, 2018, national vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity is up to 3.25 hundred million.Automobile increasingly becomes can not in people's life
Or scarce a part.Requirement of the people to automotive quality also improves year by year.Auto NVH (Noise, Vibration,
Harshness) performance is one of the important indicator of assessment car comfort energy, while being also the key for measuring an automotive quality
Factor.World-renowned product quality appraisal agency J.D.Power has the quality of nearly one third to refer to when evaluating car mass
It marks related with the NVH performance of automobile.It can be seen that the NVH performance of automobile has become the core that people evaluate an automotive quality
One of index.For automobile as a labyrinth, the reason of leading to the problem of vibration noise, is varied, is often difficult to search and generates
The root of problem.Especially low-frequency vibration noise (being lower than 200Hz), since the longer penetration capacity of wavelength is strong, it is difficult to decay, thus
It is difficult to solve.The present invention is based on Complicated Automobile structure, the flow and method for summing up a set of searching low-frequency vibration root and solving, drop
Low cost, improves structural behaviour.
Automotive body structure is usually made of punch forming plate, and panel thickness is its important and basic structure ginseng
Several and characteristic parameter, has a significant impact body performance.In order to identify and screen the crucial plate for influencing body performance, with
With a thickness of characteristic parameter, establish body structure Sensitivity Analysis Method with obtain vehicle body key component sensitivity sequence be a kind of row it
Effective method.Strain energy strain energy refers to the potential energy that interior of articles is stored in object deformation process, utilizes the vibration shape and rigidity
The strain energy being calculated is known as modal strain energy (MSE), and modal strain energy is the function of the rigidity of structure and the vibration shape, when in structure
When region unmatched with overall stiffness there are local stiffness, modal strain energy can be indicated preferably.Using sensitivity
The method that analysis combines strain energy instruction, finds out the root of body vibrations, and the method for finally using structure optimization improves structure
Performance.
Summary of the invention
The problem of in order to better solve automobile low-frequency vibration, the present invention provides a kind of pair of labyrinth low-frequency vibrations to seek
Look for vibration root and improved method.The method be conducive to vehicle factor design research and development initial stage for vehicle NVH performance into
Row improves, and reduces research and development cost.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The invention proposes a kind of methods for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance.Test modal analysis method e is used first
The Modal Test and vibration frequency receptance function of the vehicle structure are obtained, the pilot system includes vibration excitor, test macro, survey
Try computer and three-dimensional acceleration transducer etc..Then body structure finite element analysis model is built by finite element modeling technology,
Mark is analyzed by mode, confirms the accuracy and reliability of model, and calculate the mode and vibration frequency of finite element model
Receptance function determines and needs improved troublesome frequencies value.For the frequency of vibration frequency receptance function peak value exception, development is based on
Vehicle body design local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness are found in the sensitivity analysis of panel thickness.Further according to the frequency
Integrated distribution region of the lower modal strain energy on the plate significantly reduces troublesome frequencies vibration using the method for structure optimization
Dynamic peak amplitude, obtains good effect, enhances product performance, and shortens research and development and manufacturing cycle, reduces cost.
The method of the present invention key step includes:
Step 1: building test platform, the test structure mode of the automotive body structure is obtained using test modal analysis method e
With vibration frequency receptance function；
Step 2: finite element modeling technology builds body structure finite element analysis model, carries out Finite Element Simulation Analysis, obtains
To simulation architecture mode and vibration frequency receptance function；
Step 3: being based on practical body structure and Modal Test, carry out mode and mark is analyzed, confirm the standard of finite element model
True property and reliability；
Step 4: being opened based on the finite element model completed to mark for the frequency of vibration frequency receptance function peak value exception
The plate sensitivity analysis thick based on material is opened up, vehicle body design local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness are found；
Step 5: calculating body structure modal strain energy under the frequency again, find out the strain energy concentration point on the plate
Cloth region；
Step 6: problem frequency is significantly reduced using the method for structure optimization for the region of the plate strain energy concentration
Rate vibration peak amplitude, and prioritization scheme is verified.
Step 1 specifically includes: test platform built, is specifically included: 1) to vehicle body using air spring support pattern, wherein
It is required that the resonant frequency of air spring is less than 3Hz, when reducing test, influence of the constructive interference to test keeps vehicle body to stablize, makes
White body is close to free state.2) three-dimensional acceleration transducer is arranged at the main plate and key point of vehicle body.3) it uses
Vibration excitor motivates at body mount.3) sensor by vibration signal reach test macro by parameter identification and steady state picture and
The verifying of mode indicator function obtains each rank modal frequency, damping ratio, vibration shape description and bending vibation mode picture and frequency response function,
Determine the excessively high corresponding troublesome frequencies of frequency response function peak value.
Further, step 2 specifically includes: establishing body structure finite element model using pre-processing software, uses
Lanczos method extracts mode, carries out Free Modal Analysis within the scope of 0-60Hz, obtains the main Integral modes frequency of body structure
And the vibration shape.And the corresponding exciting force load of vehicle body frequency response function and constraint operating condition are established respectively, setting structure response output,
Using finite element solving software realization body performance simulation analysis, the Performance Evaluation of initial model is completed.
Further, step 3 specifically includes: calculating the mode confidence of the Modal Test vibration shape and finite element simulation Mode Shape
The difference for spending MAC value and Integral modes frequency is adjusted by the check and correction to quality, grid, connection relationship, guarantees that MAC value exists
0.8 or more, difference on the frequency arrives the higher finite element model of confidence level within 5%.
Further, step 4 specifically includes: based on step 3 mode to mark, obtaining reliable finite element model, carries out sensitive
Degree analysis, using body structure quality as constraint condition under pre-processing software, with frequency the problem of body structure frequency response function
Rate amplitude is optimization aim, and extraction panel thickness parameter is design variable, establishes panel thickness Sensitivity Analysis, carries out excellent
Change and solve, obtains panel thickness sensitivity sequence, the thickness for the crucial plate for influencing performance is screened respectively, finds vehicle body
Design local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness.
Further, step 5 specifically includes: the modal strain energy under the body structure frequency is calculated, in sensitivity analysis
On obtained crucial plate, strain energy concentration region is found, and then determine the weak link of structure.
Further, step 6 specifically includes: the key area based on the crucial plate that step 4 and 5 obtain, to this position,
Structure optimization is carried out, and is verified.
In addition the present invention provides a kind of designing system for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance, the system comprises such as
Lower module:
Test measurement analysis module: including vibration excitor test macro, test computer and three-dimensional acceleration transducer, for taking
Test platform is built, the modal frequency of vehicle body, Mode Shape and frequency response function etc. are tested.
CAE simulation analysis model module: for building body structure finite element analysis model, body performance emulation point is carried out
Analysis calculates vehicle body emulation mode and frequency response function.
Sensitivity analysis module: utilizing sensitivity analysis technique, carries out panel thickness sensitivity analysis, finds vehicle body design
Local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness；
Strain energy analysis module: utilizing FEM modal analysis and modal, output modalities strain energy, under the frequency, the key that finds
On plate, strain energy concentration region is found, and then determines weak link and the key Design region of vehicle body.
Vibration root and improved method and system are found in a kind of pair of labyrinth low-frequency vibration of the present invention
Advantage is as follows:
1, labyrinth low-frequency noise and vibration problem are difficult to solve largely intricate derived from structure, phase interaction
With the root to be difficult to find that initiation problem, this method can help research staff to avoid and improve original design at design initial stage
Structure generate low frequency Vibration, and solves the problems, such as may therewith bring low-frequency vibration initiation low-frequency noise.
2, the optimization design of this method be based on test result, can replicate test there are the problem of finite element model
Complete set solves the process of low frequency Vibration, relatively reliable and practical.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is；Flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 are as follows: test schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 are as follows: sensitivity analysis result figure；
Fig. 4 are as follows: strain energy analyzes result；
Fig. 5 are as follows: structure optimization figure.
Specific embodiment
The process that the method for the present invention is realized is as shown in Figure 1:
Step 1: test modal analysis
Test platform is built, the test structure mode and vibration of the automotive body structure are obtained using test modal analysis method e
Frequency response function；
Step 2: building CAE simulation analysis model
Finite element modeling technology builds body structure finite element analysis model, carries out Finite Element Simulation Analysis, is emulated
Structural modal and vibration frequency receptance function；
Step 3: mode is to mark
Based on practical body structure and Modal Test, carry out mode and mark analyzed, confirm finite element model accuracy and
Reliability；
Step 4: sensitivity analysis
Based on the finite element model completed to mark, for the frequency of vibration frequency receptance function peak value exception, development is based on
Vehicle body design local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness are found in the sensitivity analysis of panel thickness；
Step 5: strain energy analysis
Body structure modal strain energy under the frequency is calculated again, finds out the strain energy concentration distributed area on the plate
Domain；
Step 6: structure optimization
Troublesome frequencies vibration is significantly reduced using the method for structure optimization for the region of the plate strain energy concentration
Peak amplitude, and prioritization scheme is verified；
With reference to the accompanying drawing, by taking certain vehicle structure frequency response function local frequencies vibration amplitude is excessively high as an example, to this hair
Bright further explanation,
Specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1: building test platform, specifically include: 1) to vehicle body using air spring support pattern, wherein requiring air
The resonant frequency of spring is less than 3Hz, and when reducing test, influence of the constructive interference to test keeps vehicle body to stablize, and keeps vehicle body close
In free state.2) three-dimensional acceleration transducer is arranged at the main plate and key point of vehicle body, vehicle body layouts reconnaissance will foot
To cover the main plate of vehicle body, body contour can be sketched the contours of, is avoided at node of vibration mode.3) using vibration excitor at body mount
Excitation, including the excitation of X, Y, Z three-dimensional.3) sensor by vibration signal reach test macro by parameter identification and steady state picture and
The verifying of mode indicator function obtains each rank modal frequency, damping ratio, vibration shape description and bending vibation mode picture and frequency response function,
Determine the excessively high corresponding troublesome frequencies of frequency response function peak value, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2: vehicle body finite element analysis model being established using pre-processing software Hypermesh, is mentioned using Lanczos method
Modulus state carries out Free Modal Analysis within the scope of 0-60Hz, obtains the main Integral modes frequency of body structure and the vibration shape.And point
The corresponding exciting force load of vehicle body frequency response function and constraint operating condition are not established, and setting structure frequency response output uses
Nastran solves software realization body performance simulation analysis, completes the Performance Evaluation of initial model.
Step 3: calculating the modal assurance criterion MAC value and entirety mould of the Modal Test vibration shape and finite element simulation Mode Shape
The difference of state frequency, by the way that quality, grid, the check and correction of connection relationship adjusts repeatedly, guarantee MAC value 0.8 or more, frequency
Difference arrives finite element model with a high credibility within 5%.Finally it is arranged under same operating condition, the width that replicate test occurs
It is worth the vibration shape consistency of excessively high problem and respective frequencies.
Step 4: based on step 3 mode to mark, reliable finite element model is obtained, carries out sensitivity analysis, it is soft in preceding processing
Using body structure quality as constraint condition under part, using frequency amplitude the problem of body structure frequency response function as optimization aim,
Extraction panel thickness parameter is design variable, establishes panel thickness Sensitivity Analysis, is optimized using Nastran software
It solves, obtains panel thickness sensitivity sequence, as shown in Figure 3.Then the thickness for the crucial plate for influencing performance is carried out respectively
Screening, finds vehicle body design local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness.Sensitivity analysis as a result, it has been found that, at 101Hz,
Influencing maximum plate to the body structure frequency response function is centre gangway (No. 20 plates in Fig. 3).
Step 5: calculating the modal strain energy under the body structure frequency, the modal strain energy of centre gangway generally concentrates on
Its opening area and corner, as shown in figure 4, for so determine structure weak link, therefore selectivity to its corresponding region into
Row is reinforced.
Step 6: the key area based on the crucial plate that step 4 and 5 obtain, to this position, by the way of stiffening plate
Structure optimization is carried out, as shown in figure 5, effect, which reduces amplitude, reaches 30% or more, it is 782g that stiffening plate weight, which has altogether,.
To sum up, by above-mentioned body structure vibration performance process of optimization, while unobvious increase body quality,
Vibration amplitude is significantly reduced, illustrates effectiveness of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance, it is characterised in that the method includes the following steps:
Step 1: building test platform, the test structure mode and vibration of the automotive body structure are obtained using test modal analysis method e
Dynamic frequency receptance function；
Step 2: finite element modeling technology builds body structure finite element analysis model, carries out Finite Element Simulation Analysis, is imitated
True structural modal and vibration frequency receptance function；
Step 3: being based on practical body structure and Modal Test, carry out mode and mark is analyzed, confirm the accuracy of finite element model
And reliability；
Step 4: base is carried out for the frequency of vibration frequency receptance function peak value exception based on the finite element model completed to mark
In the sensitivity analysis of panel thickness, vehicle body design local stiffness and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness are found；
Step 5: calculating body structure modal strain energy under the frequency again, find out the strain energy concentration distributed area on the plate
Domain；
Step 6: troublesome frequencies vibration is significantly reduced using the method for structure optimization for the region of the plate strain energy concentration
Dynamic peak amplitude, and prioritization scheme is verified.
2. a kind of method for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (1) specifically: build test platform, specifically include: 1) air spring support pattern is used to vehicle body, wherein requiring air bullet
The resonant frequency of spring is less than 3Hz, and when reducing test, influence of the constructive interference to test keeps vehicle body to stablize, and keeps white body close
In free state.2) three-dimensional acceleration transducer is arranged at the main plate and key point of vehicle body.3) using vibration excitor in vehicle
It is motivated at body suspension.3) vibration signal is reached test macro and indicates letter by parameter identification and steady state picture and mode by sensor
Several verifyings obtains each rank modal frequency, damping ratio, vibration shape description and bending vibation mode picture and frequency response function, determines that frequency is rung
Answer the excessively high corresponding troublesome frequencies of peak of function.
3. a kind of method for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (2) specifically: body structure finite element model is established using pre-processing software, mode is extracted using Lanczos method, is carried out
Free Modal Analysis within the scope of 0-60Hz obtains the main Integral modes frequency of body structure and the vibration shape.And vehicle body frequency is established respectively
The corresponding exciting force load of rate receptance function and constraint operating condition, setting structure response output, using finite element solving software realization
Body performance simulation analysis completes the Performance Evaluation of initial model.
4. a kind of method for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (3) specifically: calculate the modal assurance criterion MAC value and Integral modes of the Modal Test vibration shape and finite element simulation Mode Shape
The difference of frequency, by the way that quality, grid, the check and correction adjustment of connection relationship, guarantee MAC value is 0.8 or more, and difference on the frequency is 5%
Within to get arrive the higher finite element model of confidence level.
5. a kind of method for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (4) specifically: based on step (3) mode to mark, reliable finite element model is obtained, carries out sensitivity analysis, it is soft in preceding processing
Using body structure quality as constraint condition under part, using frequency amplitude the problem of body structure frequency response function as optimization aim,
Extraction panel thickness parameter is design variable, establishes the Sensitivity Analysis based on panel thickness, optimizes, obtain
Panel thickness sensitivity sequence, respectively screens the thickness for the crucial plate for influencing performance, it is locally rigid to find vehicle body design
Degree and the unmatched plate of overall stiffness.
6. a kind of method for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (5) specifically: the modal strain energy calculated under the body structure frequency is looked on the crucial plate that sensitivity analysis obtains
To region of stress concentration, and then determine the weak link of structure.
7. a kind of method for improving labyrinth low-frequency vibration performance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
Suddenly (6) specifically: the key area based on the crucial plate that step (4) and (5) obtain carries out structure optimization to this position, and
Verifying.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN111241627A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-06-05 | 同济大学 | Method for simulating and optimizing modal values of heterogeneous vehicle body door cover part with adhesive layer included |
| CN112784461A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-11 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Automobile back door inner plate structure design method and system based on simulation analysis |
| CN113742836A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Vibration optimization method and device for converter cabinet |
| CN114048649A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-15 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for weakening low-frequency vibration of stator of hydraulic generator |
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| CN110516364A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-29 | 万向钱潮（上海）汽车系统有限公司 | A kind of the noise optimization method and system of electronic brake device |
| CN110516364B (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2023-06-16 | 万向钱潮（上海）汽车系统有限公司 | Noise optimization method and system for electronic parking brake device |
| CN111241627A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-06-05 | 同济大学 | Method for simulating and optimizing modal values of heterogeneous vehicle body door cover part with adhesive layer included |
| CN111241627B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2024-04-23 | 同济大学 | Heterogeneous vehicle body door cover member modal numerical simulation and optimization method with glue layer |
| CN113742836A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Vibration optimization method and device for converter cabinet |
| CN112784461A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-11 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Automobile back door inner plate structure design method and system based on simulation analysis |
| CN114048649A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-15 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for weakening low-frequency vibration of stator of hydraulic generator |
| CN114048649B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2024-04-12 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for weakening stator low-frequency vibration of hydraulic generator |
| CN114111698A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-01 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Marine shafting dynamic test system calibration method |
| CN114111698B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-05-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Calibration method of marine shafting dynamic test system |
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| CN117171886B (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2024-05-10 | 广州计测检测技术股份有限公司 | Vehicle body compound vibration identification method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20190827 |