CN112450228A - Prevention and control agent and prevention and control method for root rot of zelkova schneideriana - Google Patents
Prevention and control agent and prevention and control method for root rot of zelkova schneideriana Download PDFInfo
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- CN112450228A CN112450228A CN202011221341.3A CN202011221341A CN112450228A CN 112450228 A CN112450228 A CN 112450228A CN 202011221341 A CN202011221341 A CN 202011221341A CN 112450228 A CN112450228 A CN 112450228A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/28—Streptomyces
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control agent and a control method for root rot of zelkova serrata, belonging to the field of plant protection. The control medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13-18 parts of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, 12-15 parts of Kangdi bud, 5-8 parts of citral bactericide and 3-6 parts of carbendazim bactericide. The method for preventing and treating the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana by using the medicament comprises the following steps: 1) ditching annularly within the range of 0.8-1.5m of the radius of the trunk of the zelkova serrata, wherein the ditching width is 60-100cm, and the depth is 40-50 m; 2) pouring the control agent into the annular ditch, and performing root pouring treatment on each zelkova schneideriana by 1000-1500 mL; 3) and after the root irrigation is finished, filling soil into the annular ditch. The control agent reduces the application amount of chemical pesticides, reduces the toxicity to soil and plants, and simultaneously, the components cooperate with each other to increase the efficiency, so that the growth and the propagation of pathogenic bacteria of the root rot of the zelkova can be effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a control agent and a control method for root rot of zelkova schneideriana.
Background
The root rot of zelkova is a serious disease in the Mao mountain area of the sentence-tolerant city of Jiangsu province in recent years, and seedlings, saplings and big trees are all damaged by the disease. The beginning of the process is represented by yellowing and curling of leaves, and withering and even shedding of a few leaves; the roots and stem bases are rotten and blackened. When a big tree is attacked, a whole circle of discolored rings can appear on the cross sections of a trunk and branches, light tan longitudinal striations which penetrate upwards from the rhizosphere can be seen in longitudinal cutting, the deeper the color of the longitudinal striations which are closer to the roots, the darker the bark color in the later stage of the attack, the shrinkage is easy to separate from xylem, leaves fall off after becoming yellow and withered, branches die, and finally the whole plant dies. The disease brings great economic loss to the zelkova schneideriana production base.
Screening of indoor bactericides for preventing and treating the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana and the like, comparing the toxicity of 7 bactericides to the pathogen (fusarium oxysporum) of the zelkova schneideriana by measuring the growth rate of hyphae and the germination rate of spores, finding that the growth and the propagation of the pathogen, fusarium oxysporum, can be effectively inhibited by adopting a method of spraying a carbendazim solution on leaf surfaces and roots of the zelkova schneideriana, and controlling the morbidity and the mortality of the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana. However, this control method also has the following problems:
1) the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is increased, so that the spraying frequency of carbendazim is increased, and the application amount of the carbendazim in one-time prevention is increased;
2) the chemical pesticide control brings ecological environment problems of the zelkova forest land, for example, soil is easy to harden, and the fertility is reduced;
3) long-term application of chemical pesticides can affect the species and structural composition of the bacterial community in the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a control agent and a control method for root rot of zelkova, so as to reduce the application amount of chemical pesticide.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a control agent for root rot of zelkova serrata comprises the following components: streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, Kangdi bud, citral bactericide and carbendazim bactericide.
Further, the prevention and treatment medicament comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13-18 parts of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, 12-15 parts of Kangdi bud, 5-8 parts of citral bactericide and 3-6 parts of carbendazim bactericide.
Further, the components of the culture medium for culturing the fermentation broth of the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 are 4.0g of yeast powder, 10.0g of malt extract, 4.0g of glucose, 15.0g of agar and 1.0L of distilled water.
Furthermore, the number of effective viable bacteria in the fermentation liquor of the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g.
The method for preventing and controlling the root rot of the zelkova serrata by using the control agent comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a control agent for the root rot of the zelkova serrata according to the mass part ratio of the components;
2) annularly ditching within the range of 0.8-1.5m of the radius of the trunk of the zelkova serrata, wherein the ditching width is controlled to be 60-100cm, and the ditching depth is controlled to be 40-50 m;
3) pouring a control agent for the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana into the annular ditch, and performing root pouring treatment according to 1000-1500mL of the auxiliary agent for each zelkova schneideriana;
4) after root irrigation is finished, after the prevention and control agent is infiltrated into the soil layer, the annular ditch is filled with soil, and the periphery of the root of the zelkova serrata is not watered for 2-3 days.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the control agent adopts the combined use of the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, the Kangdi bud, the citral bactericide and the carbendazim bactericide, reduces the application amount of chemical pesticides, reduces the toxic hazard to soil and plants and the adverse effect on the surrounding ecological environment, simultaneously has the components which are mutually matched for synergism, has obvious control effect, and provides a favorable environment for the propagation of beneficial microorganisms while the microbial inoculum effectively inhibits the growth and propagation of pathogenic bacteria of the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Artificial Zelkova serrata forests with the average age of 10-12 years are selected as an embodiment area, and meanwhile, tending management such as soil improvement, weeding, compound fertilizer application and impurity removal is carried out.
The tending management is as follows:
1) improving soil: filling organic fertilizer into planting soil in deep ploughing land for 1 time every year, wherein the using amount is 20 kilograms per mu, and loosening soil in the cofferdam area of the zelkova serrata for 4 times;
2) weeding: weeding the forest land 3 times in 5-9 months every year, weeding the forest land 1 time in autumn and winter, mechanically weeding, and covering the cleared weeds in the tree cofferdam in summer at high temperature to preserve soil moisture;
3) and (3) additionally applying a compound fertilizer: spreading compound fertilizer to the forest land 3-4 months, 6-8 months and 10-12 months per year according to the ratio of N to P2O5∶K2Preparing compound fertilizer with the weight ratio of O being 15: 5: 25;
4) removing impurities: and removing diseased branches, leaves and dead plants in the forest land in time, and carrying away from the forest land for centralized burning.
The Streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 used in the following examples was purchased from Yuwei science and technology Ltd, Beijing.
The preparation method of the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
(1) activation and recovery culture of strains
Wiping the ampoule bottle with absorbent cotton soaked in 75% alcohol, heating the top end of the ampoule bottle with flame, dripping a small amount of sterile water until the top end is heated to be broken, and knocking off the broken top end of the ampoule bottle with forceps;
sucking 0.3-0.5mL of liquid culture medium with a sterile pipette, dripping into an ampoule bottle, gently oscillating to make lyophilized powder in suspension, sucking all thallus suspension, uniformly coating on slant culture medium, and culturing in a biochemical incubator at 37 + -2 deg.C for 24-48 hr to obtain mother strain.
The liquid culture medium comprises yeast powder 4.0g, malt extract 10.0g, glucose 4.0g, and distilled water 1.0L.
The slant culture medium comprises yeast powder 4.0g, malt extract 10.0g, glucose 4.0g, agar 15.0g, and distilled water 1.0L.
(2) Obtaining primary seed liquid
Washing the mother seeds on the slant culture medium with sterile water, inoculating the mother seeds into a 500mL shake flask containing 100mL liquid culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 5-10% (v/v), and performing shake culture on a shaker at 30 ℃ until the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 enters the logarithmic growth phase to obtain a first-stage seed solution.
(3) Obtaining secondary seed liquid
Inoculating the first-stage seed solution into a 1000mL shake flask containing 200mL liquid culture medium according to the inoculation amount of 5-10% (v/v), and performing shake culture for 48h at 30 ℃ by using a shaking table to obtain a second-stage seed solution;
(4) cultivation in fermenter
Inoculating the secondary seed liquid into a fermentation tank filled with a liquid culture medium, wherein the volume of the liquid culture medium accounts for 3/5 of the volume of the fermentation tank, continuously culturing for 72-100h at 25-28 ℃ to obtain the fermentation liquid of the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627, the stirring speed is 180-250 rpm, and the volume ratio of the introduced gas to the reaction liquid is 0.20-0.25 times of volume/min. The effective viable count in the fermentation liquor of the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g.
In the present invention, Streptomyces microflavus is an actinomycete belonging to the genus Streptomyces. The metabolite contains growth regulator components necessary for the growth of crops, such as auxin, antibiotics, phenylacetic acid, succinic acid, cytokinin and the like, and has the functions of converting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil, improving the soil fertility and reducing the fertilizer dosage; inhibiting the propagation of pathogenic bacteria, preventing diseases and protecting seedlings; stimulating cell division, promoting crop rooting, germination and maturation, and increasing crop yield; the synthesis of effective substances is promoted, the quality of agricultural products is obviously improved, and the effects of increasing both production and income, preserving water and raising the field, inhibiting diseases and improving the quality are achieved;
the Kangdi bud is a Paenibacillus polymyxa fine granule agent developed by the institute of oceanic biochemical engineering of eastern university of China, is a biological pesticide, can effectively prevent and control bacterial and fungal soil-borne diseases of plants by root irrigation, and can obviously reduce bacterial and fungal diseases of plant leaves; the bacterial and fungal diseases of plant leaves can be effectively prevented and controlled by spraying; meanwhile, the fertilizer has obvious effects of promoting growth and increasing yield on plants;
citral is a monoterpene compound, is composed of geranial and neral isomers, has multiple active effects of resisting bacteria, killing parasite and resisting oxidation, and is a natural bactericide;
carbendazim belongs to benzimidazoles, is a high-efficiency low-toxicity systemic fungicide, and is used for seed dressing and soil pouring besides leaf spraying due to obvious apical delivery and conduction performance; the bactericide is a broad-spectrum systemic bactericide, can be transmitted in crops by being absorbed by seeds, roots and leaves, and has a protection effect.
Example 1
1) Ditching annularly within the radius range of 0.8-1.5m of the trunk of the zelkova; the ditching position is expanded outwards year by year according to the tree age of the zelkova, the excavating width is controlled to be 60-100cm, and the excavating depth is controlled to be 40-50 cm;
2) 13 parts of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor and 12 parts of 300-time liquid Kangdi bud (Paenibacillus polymyxa fine granule) are prepared, and the prepared solution is irrigated to roots, wherein 1500mL of each strain is used as treatment 1;
3) 13 parts by mass of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, 12 parts by mass of 300-time liquid Kangdi bud (Paenibacillus polymyxa fine grain agent), 5 parts by mass of citral bactericide and 3 parts by mass of 500-time liquid carbendazim bactericide are prepared into solution for root irrigation, and each strain is 1500mL and is used as treatment 2;
4) 13 parts by mass of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, 5 parts by mass of citral bactericide and 3 parts by mass of 500-fold liquid carbendazim bactericide are prepared into a solution for root irrigation, and 1500mL of each strain is taken as treatment 3;
5) preparing a solution by 12 parts of 300-time liquid Kangdi bud (Paenibacillus polymyxa fine granule), 5 parts of citral bactericide and 3 parts of 500-time liquid carbendazim bactericide, and irrigating roots, wherein each plant is 1500mL and is treated by 4;
6) preparing 3 parts of 500-time liquid carbendazim bactericide, pouring the bactericide into the annular ditch, and slowly permeating into a soil layer around the rhizosphere, wherein each plant is 1500mL and is treated as 5;
7) 1500mL of water was applied to each plant individually as a control treatment;
8) after the root irrigation is finished, the solution is infiltrated into the soil layer, the annular ditch is filled with soil, the periphery of the rhizosphere is not watered for 2 to 3 days, and leaf surface water can be sprayed.
Selecting 6 beech forest lands with the average age of 10-12 years and serious root rot, investigating the diseased plants of each land before prevention and treatment, and marking the diseased plants for prevention and treatment; regularly observing and counting the number of plants suffered from diseases in the control process; by observing each plot for 1 year, the statistical results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 number of affected plants treated differently and survival tests
In conclusion, the streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, Kangdi bud, citral bactericide and carbendazim bactericide are used for preparing solution for root irrigation, and the solution for 2-strain root irrigation is treated by 1000-1500mL of each strain, so that the prevention and treatment effect is the best.
Example 2
The control agent for the root rot of the zelkova serrata comprises the following components in parts by mass: 18 parts of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, 15 parts of Kangdi bud, 8 parts of citral bactericide and 6 parts of carbendazim bactericide.
The method for preventing and controlling the root rot of the zelkova serrata by using the control agent comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a control agent for the root rot of the zelkova serrata according to the mass part ratio of the components;
2) annularly ditching within the range of 0.8-1.5m of the radius of the trunk of the zelkova serrata, wherein the ditching width is controlled to be 60-100cm, and the ditching depth is controlled to be 40-50 m;
3) pouring a control agent for the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana into the annular ditch, and performing root pouring treatment according to 1000-1500mL of the auxiliary agent for each zelkova schneideriana;
4) after root irrigation is finished, after the prevention and control agent is infiltrated into the soil layer, the annular ditch is filled with soil, and the periphery of the root of the zelkova serrata is not watered for 2-3 days.
The effect of the application of the present example is basically the same as that of the treatment 2 in the example 1, and the control effect is obvious.
Example 3
Essentially the same as in example 2, except that: the prevention and treatment medicament comprises the following components in parts by mass: 15 parts of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, 13 parts of Kangdi bud, 6 parts of citral bactericide and 5 parts of carbendazim bactericide.
The components of the control agent are mutually matched for synergism, the control effect is obvious, and the microbial agent provides a favorable environment for propagation of beneficial microorganisms while effectively inhibiting growth and propagation of pathogenic bacteria of the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana.
Claims (7)
1. The control agent for the root rot of the zelkova serrata is characterized by comprising the following components: streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, Kangdi bud, citral bactericide and carbendazim bactericide.
2. The control agent for root rot of zelkova serrata according to claim 1, characterized in that the control agent comprises the following components in parts by mass: 13-18 parts of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 fermentation liquor, 12-15 parts of Kangdi bud, 5-8 parts of citral bactericide and 3-6 parts of carbendazim bactericide.
3. The control agent for root rot of zelkova serrata according to claim 2, wherein the kang di bud is 300-fold liquid kang di bud.
4. The agent for controlling root rot of zelkova serrata according to claim 2, wherein the carbendazim bactericide is 500-800-fold liquid carbendazim bactericide.
5. The agent for controlling root rot of zelkova serrata according to claim 1, wherein the medium for culturing the fermentation broth of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 comprises yeast powder 4.0g, malt extract 10.0g, glucose 4.0g, agar 15.0g, and distilled water 1.0L.
6. The control agent for the root rot of zelkova serrata according to claim 1, wherein the number of active viable bacteria in the fermentation broth of streptomyces microflavus CICC 23627 is not less than 2 hundred million/g.
7. Method for controlling root rot of zelkova using a control agent according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a control agent for the root rot of the zelkova serrata according to the mass part ratio of the components;
2) annularly ditching within the range of 0.8-1.5m of the radius of the trunk of the zelkova serrata, wherein the ditching width is controlled to be 60-100cm, and the ditching depth is controlled to be 40-50 m;
3) pouring a control agent for the root rot of the zelkova schneideriana into the annular ditch, and performing root pouring treatment according to 1000-1500mL of the auxiliary agent for each zelkova schneideriana;
4) after root irrigation is finished, after the prevention and control agent is infiltrated into the soil layer, the annular ditch is filled with soil, and the periphery of the root of the zelkova serrata is not watered for 2-3 days.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113912450A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-11 | 海南大学 | Composite foliar fertilizer capable of preventing and treating plant diseases |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |