CN112442386A - Equipment and process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage - Google Patents
Equipment and process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN112442386A CN112442386A CN202011142564.0A CN202011142564A CN112442386A CN 112442386 A CN112442386 A CN 112442386A CN 202011142564 A CN202011142564 A CN 202011142564A CN 112442386 A CN112442386 A CN 112442386A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
Abstract
A device and a process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage relate to an environmental protection device, in particular to a device and a process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage. The invention provides equipment and a process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage, which can completely treat household garbage as a production raw material, convert the household garbage into various commodities by processing of the system and realize resource recycling of the garbage. The invention discloses equipment for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage, which is characterized in that: the waste thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace is characterized by comprising a waste thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace, wherein a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole connected with a cast stone brick continuous casting machine is formed in the bottom of the waste thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace, a pyrolysis gas outlet in the top of the waste thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace is connected with a TRT turbine generator set, and a gas outlet of the TRT turbine generator set is sequentially connected with a catalytic tank, a heat exchanger, an oil condenser and a gas-liquid separation tank in series.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to environment-friendly equipment, in particular to equipment and a process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage.
Background
The energy problem and the environmental problem are particularly concerned by people of governments of all countries, the energy crisis is solved, the environmental pollution is eliminated, and the energy problem and the environmental problem are very concerned by the governments of all countries. Due to the improvement of living standard, the phenomenon of enclosing the city with the garbage is increasingly serious, more and more garbage is generated in the life, and how to scientifically treat the household garbage is a main problem to be faced by people at present. The harm of the household garbage is mainly shown as follows: (1) water pollution: the pollution of the garbage to water mainly comes from garbage leachate, namely sewage seeped out by the garbage due to fermentation, rain water brushing and water soaking in the stacking and landfill processes. The leachate has complex components, and contains aromatic compounds, phosphate esters, phthalate esters, phenols, aniline compounds and the like which are difficult to biodegrade. The influence of leachate on ground water can exist for a long time, and the leachate still has influence for a long time even after the landfill site is closed. The leachate causes pollution to underground water, mainly causes the water quality of the underground water to be turbid, and has odor, high chemical oxygen demand and trinitrogen content, serious pollution of oil and phenol, overproof pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli groups and the like. The pollution of underground or surface water will have serious influence on the environment, economic development and life of people in the surrounding area.
(2) Air pollution: the domestic garbage contains a large amount of organic matters which are digested and degraded by microorganisms in an anaerobic way, a large amount of gas with main components of CH4, CO2 and other trace components such as N2, H2S, H2 and volatile organic matters can be generated, the foul smell emitted by the gas can cause discomfort to people, the gas contains a plurality of carcinogenic and teratogenic organic volatile matters, and the gas containing harmful matters can diffuse along with wind to pollute the surrounding atmospheric environment.
(3) Soil pollution: the domestic garbage contains batteries, leather, plastic products, coatings, paints, chemical agents and the like, the substances directly enter the soil and can greatly influence the soil environment and the growth of plants, and heavy metals such as cadmium, manganese, mercury and the like contained in the domestic garbage are blended into the soil and underground water and can possibly enter a food chain, so that the human health is seriously harmed. At present, the battery consumption of China is about 140 hundred million each year, almost all batteries enter soil, a large number of non-degradable plastic bags and plastic meal boxes are buried underground, and the batteries are difficult to degrade for hundreds of years, so that land occupied by a refuse landfill can not be reused.
Some technical schemes of waste incineration equipment also appear in the prior art, such as: an environment-friendly garbage pyrolysis device of application No. 201910020427.0, a green environment-friendly garbage incineration device of application No. 202010549358.5, and a method for continuously treating domestic garbage of application No. 0710130127.5. The above patents cannot realize effective treatment of garbage as a resource, and only can realize a treatment for reducing the volume. Exhaust gas pollution and solid waste pollution still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems and provides equipment and a process for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage, wherein the equipment and the process can completely treat the household garbage as a production raw material, convert the household garbage into various commodities by processing of the system and realize resource recycling of the garbage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme, and the equipment for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage is characterized in that: the device comprises a garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace, wherein a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole connected with a cast stone brick continuous casting machine is arranged at the bottom of the garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace, a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace is connected with a TRT turbine generator set, a gas outlet of the TRT turbine generator set is sequentially connected with a catalytic tank, a heat exchanger, an oil condenser and a gas-liquid separation tank in series, a water cooling system is arranged in the heat exchanger, a steam outlet of the water cooling system is connected with a steam turbine generator set, an exhaust end of the steam turbine generator set is connected with a water condenser, and a cooling water interface of the water; a gas outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank is respectively connected with a gas storage tank and a gas generator; an oil discharge pipe is arranged in the middle of the gas-liquid separation tank, and a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the melting furnace for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage comprises a main furnace, wherein a screw feeder with a hopper is arranged in the middle of the main furnace; the bottom of the main furnace is provided with a connecting bridge, the connecting bridge is connected with the upper end of a front furnace, and the high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole is formed in the side of the bottom of the front furnace; the bottom of the forehearth is also provided with an electromagnetic stirrer; the top of the forehearth is provided with a front plasma torch nozzle capable of lifting; the surface of the main furnace is provided with a plurality of main plasma torch nozzles.
Furthermore, the exterior of the forehearth is provided with a furnace door with a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole through an electric plunger.
Furthermore, fire-resistant heat-insulating layers are arranged in the forehearth and the main furnace.
Further, a main temperature sensor and a main material level sensor are arranged on the main furnace; and a front material level sensor and a front temperature sensor are arranged on the forehearth.
Furthermore, the top of the gas-liquid separation tank is provided with a gas pressure sensor, the middle of the gas-liquid separation tank is provided with an oil level sensor, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank is provided with a water level sensor; a vortex dust collector is arranged between a pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the melting furnace for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage and the TRT turbine generator set, and a dust collector material level sensor and a dust collector pressure sensor are arranged on the vortex dust collector; and a rotating speed sensor is arranged on the TRT turbine generator set.
Furthermore, the main temperature sensor, the main material level sensor, the front temperature sensor, the air pressure sensor, the oil level sensor, the water level sensor, the dust remover material level sensor, the dust remover pressure sensor, the rotating speed sensor, the screw feeder and the air compressor are all connected with the control system.
A process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) and starting the control system, controlling the screw feeder to feed materials into the garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace by the control system according to the data of the main material level sensor, and stopping after the material level is added to the top dead center.
2) The microcomputer starts the main plasma torch nozzle, the main plasma torch nozzle starts to work to generate medium-pressure cracking gas, and the cracking gas enters the vortex dust remover from a cracking gas outlet.
3) And after the dust of the pyrolysis gas is removed by the vortex dust remover, the pyrolysis gas enters a TRT turbine generator set to generate power.
4) The tail gas discharged by the TRT turbine generator set enters a catalytic tank for catalysis, and a proper catalyst is selected according to the composition of the garbage and the required product;
5) the catalyzed cracking gas enters a heat exchanger, the temperature of the catalyzed cracker is above 850 ℃, and the catalyzed cracking gas heats water in the heat exchanger to water vapor of 600 ℃, and then enters a steam turbine generator set for power generation.
6) And the water vapor discharged by the steam turbine generator set enters a water condenser, and the water condensed by the water condenser is conveyed back to the heat exchanger for cyclic application.
7) The cracked gas discharged by the heat exchanger enters an oil condenser for condensation, the condensed cracked gas enters a gas-liquid separation tank in a gas-liquid state form, and gas and liquid in the gas-liquid separation tank are automatically and controllably discharged by a water level sensor and an oil level sensor after being subjected to specific gravity settling.
8) And the gas pressure sensor on the gas-liquid separation tank automatically controls the gas compressor to exhaust gas according to the pressure in the gas-liquid separation tank, the discharged combustible gas enters the gas storage tank to be stored, and meanwhile, the gas enters the gas supply pipeline of the gas internal combustion generator set.
9) And starting the gas internal combustion generator set to generate power.
10) The glass, ceramic, silt, dust, slag and other materials molten in the oil melting furnace for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage enter a forehearth through a connecting bridge, are fully stirred and mixed by an electromagnetic stirrer, and then are discharged through a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole, and the discharged glass liquid enters a stone-casting brick continuous casting machine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention can completely take the domestic garbage as a production raw material by improving the incineration method and the treatment method of the smoke and the ash, change the domestic garbage into the needed renewable resources by thermal cracking, gasification and liquefaction of the domestic garbage, and the steam plasma is also a thermal cracking and energizing process of water molecules in the thermal cracking process of the domestic garbage, the water molecules can be thermally cracked into hydrogen atom and oxygen atom at the temperature of more than 3000 ℃, the water molecules can realize continuous cracking combustion at the temperature of 3000 ℃ and release heat energy, the oxygen atom in the water molecules after cracking can preferentially carry out chemical combination reaction with the carbon atom to generate carbon monoxide, and the carbon dioxide releases heat energy to participate in garbage smelting, so that the process can greatly increase the utilization rate of energy, amplify the energy, smelt the most domestic garbage by using the least energy, and the application of the technology can furthest realize energy conservation and environmental protection, more non-renewable resources are reserved for descendants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a melting furnace for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal garbage cracking oil production facility according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
In the attached drawing, 1 is an electromagnetic stirrer, 2 is a front temperature sensor, 3 is a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole, 4 is a furnace door, 5 is an electric plunger, 6 is a front furnace, 7 is a connecting bridge, 8 is a fire-resistant heat-insulating layer, 9 is a main plasma torch nozzle, 10 is a front plasma torch nozzle, 11 is a screw feeder, 12 is a main temperature sensor, 13 is a main furnace, 14 is a cracked gas outlet, 15 is a main material level sensor, 16 is a front material level sensor, 17 is a hopper, 18 is a gas storage tank, 19 is an oil discharge pipe, 20 is a gas compressor, 21 is a gas pressure sensor, 22 is an oil level sensor, 23 is a water discharge pipe, 24 is a gas generator, 25 is a gas-liquid separation tank, 26 is a water condenser, 27 is a steam turbine generator set, 28 is a water level sensor, 29 is an oil condenser, 30 is a heat exchanger, 31 is a catalytic tank, 32 is a TRT turbine generator set, 33 is a dust remover, 34 is a rotating speed sensor, 35 is a dust remover pressure sensor, 36 is a vortex dust remover, 37 is a garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace, and 38 is a cast stone brick continuous casting machine.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses equipment for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a waste thermal cracking oil making melting furnace 37, wherein the bottom of the waste thermal cracking oil making melting furnace 37 is provided with a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole 3 connected with a cast stone brick continuous casting machine 38, a pyrolysis gas outlet 14 at the top of the waste thermal cracking oil making melting furnace 37 is connected with a TRT turbine generator set 32, a gas outlet of the TRT turbine generator set 32 is sequentially connected with a catalytic tank 31, a heat exchanger 30, an oil condenser 29 and a gas-liquid separation tank 25 in series, a water cooling system is arranged in the heat exchanger 30, a steam outlet of the water cooling system is connected with a steam turbine generator set 27, an exhaust end of the steam turbine generator set 27 is connected with a water condenser 26, and a cooling water interface of the water condenser 26 is connected with the water; a gas outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 25 is respectively connected with a gas storage tank and a gas generator 24; an oil discharge pipe 19 is arranged in the middle of the gas-liquid separation tank 25, and a water discharge pipe 23 is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank 25.
A gas outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 25 is connected with a gas storage tank and a gas generator 24 through a gas compressor 20.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace 37 comprises a main furnace 13, wherein a screw feeder 11 with a hopper 17 is arranged in the middle of the main furnace 13; the bottom of the main furnace 13 is provided with a connecting bridge 7, the connecting bridge 7 is connected with the upper end of a forehearth 6, and the high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole 3 is arranged on the side of the bottom of the forehearth 6; the bottom of the forehearth 6 is also provided with an electromagnetic stirrer 1; the top of the forehearth 6 is provided with a front plasma torch nozzle 10 which can be lifted; the surface of the main furnace 13 is provided with a plurality of main plasma torch nozzles 9.
Further, the exterior of the forehearth 6 is provided with a furnace door 4 of a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole 3 through an electric plunger 5.
Furthermore, a fire-resistant heat-insulating layer 8 is arranged in each of the forehearth 6 and the main furnace 13.
Further, a main temperature sensor 12 and a main material level sensor 15 are arranged on the main furnace 13; the forehearth 6 is provided with a forelevel sensor 16 and a foretemperature sensor 2.
Furthermore, the top of the gas-liquid separation tank 25 is provided with a gas pressure sensor 21, the middle of the gas-liquid separation tank 25 is provided with an oil level sensor 22, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank 25 is provided with a water level sensor 28; a vortex dust collector 36 is arranged between the pyrolysis gas outlet 14 at the top of the melting furnace 37 for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage and the TRT turbo generator set 32, and a dust collector material level sensor 33 and a dust collector pressure sensor 35 are arranged on the vortex dust collector 36; the TRT turbo generator set 32 is provided with a rotation speed sensor 34.
Furthermore, the main temperature sensor 12, the main material level sensor 15, the front material level sensor 16, the front temperature sensor 2, the air pressure sensor 21, the oil level sensor 22, the water level sensor 28, the dust remover material level sensor 33, the dust remover pressure sensor 35, the rotating speed sensor 34, the screw feeder 11 and the gas compressor 20 are all connected with a control system.
A process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) and starting a control system, wherein the control system controls the screw feeder 11 to feed materials into the garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace 37 according to the data of the main material level sensor 15, and the feeding stops after the material level is added to a top dead center.
2) The microcomputer starts the main plasma torch nozzle 9, the main plasma torch nozzle 9 starts to work, medium-pressure pyrolysis gas is generated, and the pyrolysis gas enters the vortex dust remover 36 from the pyrolysis gas outlet 14.
3) The cracked gas is dedusted by the cyclone deduster 36 and enters the TRT turbo generator set 32 to generate power.
4) The tail gas discharged by the TRT turbine generator set 32 enters a catalytic tank 31 for catalysis, and a proper catalyst is selected according to the composition of the garbage and the required product;
5) the catalyzed cracking gas enters a heat exchanger 30, the temperature of the catalyzed cracker is above 850 ℃, the catalyzed cracking gas heats water in the heat exchanger 30 to water vapor of 600 ℃, and then the water vapor enters a steam turbine generator set 27 for power generation.
6) The water vapor exhausted by the steam turbine generator set 27 enters the water condenser 26, and the water condensed by the water condenser 26 is sent back to the heat exchanger 30 for cycle application.
7) The cracked gas discharged from the heat exchanger 30 enters the oil condenser 29 to be condensed, the condensed cracked gas enters the gas-liquid separation tank 25 in a gas-liquid state, and the gas and liquid entering the gas-liquid separation tank 25 are automatically and controllably discharged through the water level sensor 28 and the oil level sensor 22 after being subjected to specific gravity settling.
8) And the gas pressure sensor 21 on the gas-liquid separation tank 25 automatically controls the gas compressor 20 to exhaust gas according to the pressure in the gas-liquid separation tank 25, the discharged combustible gas enters the gas storage tank 18 for storage, and meanwhile, the combustible gas enters the gas supply pipeline of the gas internal combustion generator set.
9) And starting the gas internal combustion generator set to generate power.
10) The glass, the ceramic, the silt, the dust, the slag and other materials melted by the oil melting furnace 37 for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage enter the forehearth 6 through the connecting bridge 7, are fully stirred and mixed by the electromagnetic stirrer 1, and are discharged through the high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole 3, and the discharged glass liquid enters the stone-casting brick continuous casting machine 38.
In the step 1), the existing garbage sorting equipment can be used for sorting the garbage.
The automatic control of the invention: 1) 37 material level control of rubbish thermal cracking system oil melting furnace, main material level sensor 15 is equipped with at 37 upper ends of rubbish thermal cracking system oil melting furnace, main material level sensor 15 real-time supervision, the material level in the rubbish thermal cracking system oil melting furnace 37, according to the material level needs, automatically regulated screw feeder input speed.
2) TRT turbine engine block speed control, such as: when the rotation speed of the TRT turbine exceeds the set requirement, the power supply current of the plasma torch nozzle is reduced according to the data measured by the rotation speed sensor 34 on the TRT turbine engine and the pressure sensor on the vortex dust remover 36, and the rotation speed of the TRT turbine generator set 32 is reduced, if the rotation speed of the TRT turbine is lower than the set value, the power supply current of the plasma torch nozzle is increased according to the data measured by the rotation speed sensor 34 on the TRT turbine engine and the pressure sensor on the vortex dust remover 36, and the flow rate of the thermally cracked gas is increased, so that the rotation speed of the TRT turbine generator set 32 is increased.
3) The temperature control of the glass metal in the furnace 6 before the furnace 37 for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage is as follows: the glass liquid in the forehearth 6 has low temperature, and the plasma torch nozzle can move up and down to automatically adjust to the required height to start the work according to the temperature measured by the forehearth 2 and the material level of the forehearth 6 measured by the forehearth 16, such as: the glass liquid in the forehearth 6 reaches the temperature, and the plasma torch nozzle can move up and down to automatically adjust to the upper dead point to stop working according to the temperature measured by the forehearth temperature sensor 2 and the material level of the forehearth 6 measured by the forehearth material level sensor.
4) Controlling the discharge amount of molten glass in the forehearth 6, such as: the front furnace 6 has high glass liquid level, and the microcomputer automatically adjusts the opening of the furnace door 4 according to the data measured by the front level sensor 16, such as: the front furnace 6 has low glass liquid level, and the microcomputer automatically adjusts the closing of the furnace door 4 according to the data measured by the front level sensor 16. And meanwhile, the speed of the motor of the production line of the cast stone brick continuous casting machine 38 is adjusted to control the speed of the cast stone brick production.
The process for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the domestic garbage can be used for preparing the oil by thermally cracking all hydrocarbons, including but not limited to the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of preparing oil from biomass, preparing oil from various dried peel shells, preparing oil from waste tires, preparing oil from waste plastics, preparing oil from coal, preparing oil from waste leather, preparing oil from tobacco stems, preparing oil from hard plastic products, preparing oil from rubber and plastic products, recovering and preparing oil from waste asphalt products, refining oil from super-thick oil, refining oil residues, refining oil from sand oil mines, refining oil from oil-containing materials and the like.
The forehearth 6 of the domestic garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace 37 consists of a forehearth 6 body, a refractory brick heat-insulating layer, a front temperature sensor, a plasma torch nozzle capable of moving up and down, a front material level sensor, an electric piston control liquid discharge door, an electromagnetic stirrer 1 and the like.
In the gas-liquid separation tank 25, when the water level reaches the upper dead point, the upper dead point sensor automatically opens the drain valve, and when the water level reaches the lower dead point, the lower dead point water level sensor 28 automatically closes the drain valve. In the gas-liquid separation tank 25, the oil level sensor 22 automatically opens the oil discharge valve when the oil level reaches the top dead center, and the oil level sensor 22 automatically closes the oil discharge valve when the oil level reaches the bottom dead center.
The pressure sensor on the gas-liquid separation tank 25 automatically detects the pressure in the gas-liquid separation tank 25, the pressure in the gas-liquid separation tank 25 increases, the pressure sensor automatically increases the rotating speed of the gas compressor 20 to increase the exhaust amount, the pressure in the gas-liquid separation tank decreases, and the pressure sensor automatically decreases the rotating speed of the gas compressor 20 to decrease the exhaust amount.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rubbish thermal cracking system oil equipment which characterized in that: the device comprises a waste thermal cracking oil making melting furnace (37), wherein the bottom of the waste thermal cracking oil making melting furnace (37) is provided with a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole (3) connected with a cast stone brick continuous casting machine (38), a pyrolysis gas outlet (14) at the top of the waste thermal cracking oil making melting furnace (37) is connected with a TRT turbine generator set (32), a gas outlet of the TRT turbine generator set (32) is sequentially connected with a catalytic tank (31), a heat exchanger (30), an oil condenser (29) and a gas-liquid separation tank (25) in series, a water cooling system is arranged in the heat exchanger (30), a steam outlet of the water cooling system is connected with a steam turbine generator set (27), an exhaust end of the steam turbine generator set (27) is connected with a water condenser (26), and a cooling water interface of the water condenser (26) is connected with the water cooling system of the; a gas outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank (25) is respectively connected with a gas storage tank and a gas generator (24); an oil discharge pipe (19) is arranged in the middle of the gas-liquid separation tank (25), and a drain pipe (23) is arranged at the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank (25).
2. The apparatus for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to claim 1, wherein: the melting furnace (37) for preparing the oil by thermally cracking the garbage comprises a main furnace (13), wherein a screw feeder (11) with a hopper (17) is arranged in the middle of the main furnace (13); the bottom of the main furnace (13) is provided with a connecting bridge (7), the connecting bridge (7) is connected with the upper end of a forehearth (6), and the high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole (3) is arranged on the side of the bottom of the forehearth (6); the bottom of the forehearth (6) is also provided with an electromagnetic stirrer (1); the top of the forehearth (6) is provided with a front plasma torch nozzle (10) which can be lifted; the surface of the main furnace (13) is provided with a plurality of main plasma torch nozzles (9).
3. The apparatus for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to claim 2, wherein: and a furnace door (4) of a high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole (3) is arranged outside the forehearth (6) through an electric plunger (5).
4. The apparatus for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to claim 2, wherein: and fire-resistant heat-insulating layers (8) are arranged in the forehearth (6) and the main furnace (13).
5. The apparatus for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to claim 2, wherein: the main furnace (13) is provided with a main temperature sensor (12) and a main material level sensor (15); the forehearth (6) is provided with a forehearth level sensor (16) and a foretemperature sensor (2).
6. The apparatus for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to claim 5, wherein: the top of the gas-liquid separation tank (25) is provided with a gas pressure sensor (21), the middle part of the gas-liquid separation tank (25) is provided with an oil level sensor (22), and the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tank (25) is provided with a water level sensor (28); a vortex dust collector (36) is arranged between a pyrolysis gas outlet (14) at the top of the garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace (37) and the TRT turbo generator set (32), and a dust collector material level sensor (33) and a dust collector pressure sensor (35) are arranged on the vortex dust collector (36); and a rotating speed sensor (34) is arranged on the TRT turbine generator set (32).
7. The apparatus for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to claim 6, wherein: the main temperature sensor (12), the main material level sensor (15), the front material level sensor (16), the front temperature sensor (2), the air pressure sensor (21), the oil level sensor (22), the water level sensor (28), the dust remover material level sensor (33), the dust remover pressure sensor (35), the rotating speed sensor (34), the screw feeder (11) and the air compressor (20) are all connected with the control system.
8. The apparatus for producing oil by thermally cracking garbage according to claim 1, wherein: and a gas outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separation tank (25) is connected with a gas storage tank and a gas generator (24) through a gas compressor (20).
9. A process for using the apparatus for thermal cracking of garbage to produce oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: 1) starting a control system, controlling the screw feeder (11) to feed materials into the garbage thermal cracking oil-making melting furnace (37) by the control system according to the data of the main material level sensor (15), and stopping after the material level is added to a top dead center;
2) a microcomputer starts a main plasma torch nozzle (9), the main plasma torch nozzle (9) starts to work to generate medium-pressure cracking gas, and the cracking gas enters a vortex dust remover (36) from a cracking gas outlet (14);
3) after being dedusted by a vortex deduster (36), the cracked gas enters a TRT turbine generator set (32) for power generation;
4) tail gas exhausted by a TRT turbine generator set (32) enters a catalytic tank (31) for catalysis, and a proper catalyst is selected according to the composition of garbage and required products;
5) the catalyzed cracking gas enters a heat exchanger (30), the temperature of the catalyzed cracker is above 850 ℃, and the catalyzed cracking gas heats water in the heat exchanger (30) to water vapor of 600 ℃ and then enters a steam turbine generator set (27) for power generation;
6) the water vapor exhausted by the steam turbine generator set (27) enters a water condenser (26), and the water condensed by the water condenser (26) is transferred to a heat exchanger (30) for cyclic application;
7) cracked gas discharged by the heat exchanger (30) enters an oil condenser (29) for condensation, the condensed cracked gas enters a gas-liquid separation tank (25) in a gaseous liquid state, and gas and liquid entering the gas-liquid separation tank (25) are automatically and controllably discharged by a water level sensor (28) and an oil level sensor (22) after being subjected to specific gravity settling;
8) the gas pressure sensor (21) on the gas-liquid separation tank (25) automatically controls the gas compressor (20) to exhaust according to the pressure in the gas-liquid separation tank (25), the discharged combustible gas enters the gas storage tank (18) for storage, and meanwhile, the gas enters the gas supply pipeline of the gas internal combustion generator set;
9) starting a gas internal combustion generator set to generate electricity;
10) glass, ceramic, silt, dust, slag and other materials molten by the oil melting furnace (37) for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage enter the forehearth (6) through the connecting bridge (7), are fully stirred and mixed by the electromagnetic stirrer (1), are discharged through the high-temperature furnace liquid discharge hole (3), and the discharged glass liquid enters the stone-casting brick continuous casting machine (38).
10. The process of claim 9 for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage, comprising the steps of: in the step 1), garbage is sorted by using garbage sorting equipment.
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| CN202011142564.0A CN112442386B (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Equipment and process for preparing oil by thermally cracking garbage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108692314A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-23 | 蔡永辉 | A kind of plasma melting pyrolysis furnace |
| CN110437858A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-12 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of the reproducible micro ware auxiliary catalysis fast pyrogenation house refuse of catalyst |
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| CN104449854A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-25 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Integrated garbage plasma gasifier with water-cooling wall |
| CN104745235A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-01 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Plasma waste gasification and pyrolysis equipment |
| CN205297664U (en) * | 2015-11-21 | 2016-06-08 | 青岛科技大学 | Garbage pyrolytic gasification burning step power generation system |
| CN106594763A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-04-26 | 天和控股（武汉）有限公司 | Rotary kiln and plasma smelting furnace combined hazardous waste treatment system |
| CN106701198A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-24 | 杜新国 | Process for converting biomass and combustible matters in garbage into liquid fuel or gas fuel |
| CN108692314A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-10-23 | 蔡永辉 | A kind of plasma melting pyrolysis furnace |
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