CN112437171A - 具有可调节外观的移动设备的后盖 - Google Patents

具有可调节外观的移动设备的后盖 Download PDF

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CN112437171A
CN112437171A CN202010777560.3A CN202010777560A CN112437171A CN 112437171 A CN112437171 A CN 112437171A CN 202010777560 A CN202010777560 A CN 202010777560A CN 112437171 A CN112437171 A CN 112437171A
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rear cover
film
mobile device
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王坚
周焱
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Furcifer Inc
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Furcifer Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
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Abstract

一方面，可以改变用于移动设备的后盖的外观。例如，后盖可以包括影响移动设备的背面外观例如颜色或色调的膜。通过改变膜的性质，移动设备的外观也改变了。这样的膜的示例包括电致变色膜、聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网络液晶以及悬浮颗粒膜。

Description

具有可调节外观的移动设备的后盖
技术领域
本发明涉及一种移动设备及其外观。
背景技术
当今世界上有许多移动设备。手机、平板电脑、智能手表和其他可穿戴设备只是一些示例。在大多数情况下，移动设备的外观是整体美学价值的重要部分。例如，屏幕的尺寸、屏幕周围任何边框的宽度以及背面和侧面的颜色和形状对于设备的整体外观很重要。
对于一些设备，可以使用配件来提供保护、提供附加功能、和/或改变设备的外观。例如，后盖是手机的重要配件。它们可以设计为用以提供抗震性和防水性，并且可以包括用于延长操作的附加的电池。后盖也有许多不同的颜色和图案，以允许用户自定义他们的手机的外观。
发明内容
一方面，用于移动设备的后盖的外观可以例如由用户或者可选地由设备本身来改变。例如，后盖可以包括影响移动设备的背面外观、例如颜色或色调的膜。通过改变膜的性质，移动设备的外观也改变了。这样的膜的示例包括电致变色膜、聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网络液晶、以及悬浮颗粒膜。后盖可以本身是设备的整体部分，或者它可以是用于移动设备的单独辅助后盖。
其他方面包括组件、器件、系统、改进、方法、过程、应用程序、计算机可读介质、以及与以上所述的任何方面相关的其他技术。
附图说明
本专利或申请文件包含以彩色执行的至少一个附图。本专利或专利申请出版物的带有彩色附图的复印件将根据要求和对必要的费用的支付由专利局来提供。
本公开的实施例具有其他优点和特征，当结合附图中的示例时，根据以下详细描述和所附权利要求，这些优点和特征将变得更加显而易见，其中：
图1是电致变色膜堆叠件的示意图。
图2是电致变色膜堆叠件的照片。
图3是层压在手机后盖上的电致变色膜堆叠件的示意图。
图4是手机后盖的照片。
图5是夹在手机后盖与玻璃片之间的电致变色膜堆叠件的示意图。
图6是集成有不同着色的电致变色膜堆叠件的手机后盖的照片。
图7是弯曲的手机后盖的照片。
图8是夹在手机后盖与玻璃片之间的热致变色材料的示意图。
图9是直接应用在手机后盖上的光致变色材料的示意图。
具体实施方式
附图和以下描述仅通过说明的方式涉及优选实施例。应当注意，根据以下讨论，本文中公开的结构和方法的替代实施例将容易地被认为是可以在不背离所要求保护的原理的情况下所采用的可行替代方案。
在一种方法中，通过使用电致变色膜来实现对手机后盖的外观的改变。电致变色材料能够通过掺杂和去掺杂化学反应来改变其带隙。因此，它们可以用来创建在电压或电流的控制下调节光学特性的器件，如透射率、反射率、吸收率或发射率。
图1是这种器件的示意图，其采用不同材料层的堆叠件100的形式。为了制造堆叠件100，使用柔性导电基板110。柔性基板110可以是金属膜、塑料、超薄玻璃等。对于基板100，导体可以是金属层、金属氧化物如ITO(氧化铟锡)或IZO(氧化铟锌)、金属网栅、碳纳米线、金属纳米线、电介质-金属-电介质层等。电致变色聚合物120通过湿法涂覆工艺沉积在柔性导电基板110A的顶部上。湿法涂覆工艺的示例包括旋涂、喷涂、槽模涂覆、浸涂、刮涂、meyer棒涂覆、凹版涂覆、喷墨印刷、丝网印刷等。聚合物层120的厚度取决于聚合物的消光系数。
在另一柔性导电基板110B上，利用湿法涂覆工艺沉积电荷存储层140。电荷存储层可以包括氧化钒、二元氧化物(例如CoO、IrO2、MnO、NiO和PrOx)、三元氧化物(例如CexVyOz)等。固态电解质130通过湿法涂覆工艺被布铺设在两个涂覆基板之间。固态电解质130可以沉积在电致变色聚合物层120的顶部上，或者沉积在电荷存储层140的顶部上。在铺设固态电解质130之后，将两个柔性涂覆基板层压在一起以形成如图1所示的完整的膜堆叠件。
为了操作膜堆叠件100，在顶部基板与底部基板110之间施加外部电压。通过从电致变色层120注入或提取电荷，改变堆叠件100的透射、反射或颜色的状态。
图2是电致变色膜堆叠件的照片。
在一种方法中，将电致变色膜堆叠件100直接集成到手机后盖的结构外壳上，从而形成如图3所示的结构。图3是层压在手机后盖390上的电致变色膜堆叠件的示意图。后盖390可以是手机的整体部分，或者它可以是辅助后盖。可以按如下文所述来形成膜堆叠件。
膜堆叠件100被切割成手机后盖的尺寸。去除膜堆叠件100的一些区域以露出后盖的开口，例如后置摄像头开口、指纹扫描器开口等。图4是在施加膜堆叠件之前手机后盖的照片。在此后盖中，有用于两个后置摄像头、一个手电筒和一个指纹扫描器的四个开口。去除与开口重叠的膜堆叠件100。其余的膜堆叠件100覆盖了移动设备除了开口以外的整个背面。因此，整个背面的外观可以由用户改变。
电连接器370附接到膜堆叠件100以控制电致变色层。在一种方法中，电连接器370插入手机并通过手机控制。例如，用户可以通过应用程序或手机的控制面板来控制膜堆叠件的外观。可选地，手机本身可以控制膜堆叠件的外观，例如以匹配手机上的不同方案或主题。
粘合剂层380将膜堆叠件附接到后盖的结构外壳390。粘合剂层可以是任何光学透明的粘合剂(OCA)、PVB、EVA、SentryGlas等。在一种方法中，在堆叠件的制造期间将粘合剂层380施加在膜堆叠件100的外表面上。然后，粘合剂被衬膜保护。在集成过程中，去除衬膜，并将电致变色膜堆叠件100层压到结构外壳390上。
替代地，可以在其制造期间将粘合剂层380施加到结构外壳390上。然后，粘合剂被衬膜保护。在集成过程中，去除衬膜，并将电致变色膜堆叠件100层压到结构外壳390上。
图5中示出了用于集成电致变色膜堆叠件100的另一种方式。图5是电致变色膜堆叠件100的示意图，该电致变色膜堆叠件夹在用于后盖的结构外壳390与玻璃盖460之间。电致变色膜堆叠件100夹在两个粘合剂层380之间。两个粘合剂层380将电致变色膜堆叠件100分别结合到后盖结构外壳390和玻璃盖460，如图5示意性所示。
图6是集成有不同着色的电致变色膜堆叠件的手机后盖的照片。双箭头左侧的照片示出了施加外部电压时的后盖。电致变色膜堆叠件的颜色从深色状态变化为透明状态(没有任何颜色)。施加反向电压后，透明状态会变回彩色状态，如双箭头右侧的四个不同后盖所示。每个后盖使用不同颜色的电致变色膜堆叠件。从右上方顺时针方向，颜色为蓝色、中性灰色、红色和绿色。
电致变色膜堆叠件的一个优点是其具有柔性。由于基板是柔性的，并且功能性电致变色材料是基于有机聚合物的，因此整个膜堆叠件可以弯曲、卷起或翘曲，而不会失去其功能。手机后盖可以是弯曲的，例如如图7清晰所示。图7是手机和相应的弯曲后盖的照片。由于电致变色膜堆叠件是柔性的，可以将其集成到弯曲后盖上。上述集成过程可以用于集成。如果电致变色膜堆叠件覆盖了背面和侧面两者，则背面和侧面两者的外观将均能够由用户改变。
其他类型的材料也可以用于实现外观上的改变。热致变色材料可由于温度变化而改变颜色或色调。两种常见的材料是液晶和隐色染料。
一些液晶能够在转变温度以上改变颜色。当温度高于转变温度时，液晶从低温结晶相变为高温各向同性液相，这导致色调变化。用于染料和油墨中的液晶通常以悬浮液的形式进行微胶囊化。
热致变色染料基于隐色染料与适当的其他化学品的混合物。该混合物通常可以根据温度在无色的隐色形式与有色形式之间切换颜色。通常将该混合物密封在微胶囊内。
可以使用不同的方法将热致变色材料以悬浮液的形式实施到手机后盖上。在一种方法中，首先将悬浮液封装在两个塑料膜片之间。然后，如图4所示，将该膜直接层压在结构外壳上，或者如图5所示，将其直接层压在结构外壳与玻璃片之间。就热致变色材料而言，不需要电极。颜色或色调随温度而自动变化。在图8所示的另一种方法中，悬浮液800直接封装在结构外壳390与玻璃盖460之间。
其他实施例可以基于光致变色材料。光致变色材料在暴露于光后改变颜色或色调。光引起光致变色材料的光化学反应，从而改变其吸收光谱的强度或波长。
图9是直接施加在手机后盖的结构外壳390上的光致变色材料900的示意图。无需附加的玻璃盖。
作为另一示例，颜色改变可以基于聚合物分散液晶(PLDC)或聚合物网络液晶(PNLC)。可以按下文所述来创建聚合物分散液晶器件。将液晶溶解或分散到液体聚合物中，然后固化或干固该聚合物。在没有任何外部电压的情况下，液晶在液滴中随机对准。随机分布的液晶分子散射入射光。因此，器件是不透明的，具有“乳白色”外观。当在两个透明电极上施加外部电压时，电场对准液晶分子，从而允许光以很小的散射穿过器件并导致透明状态。
在聚合物网络液晶器件中，液晶分子在器件制造期间对准。因此，在没有外部电压的情况下，PNLC的状态是透明的。当施加外部电压时，PNLC从透明切换为不透明。
PDLC/PNLC堆叠件可以使用类似于以上图4和图5所示的方法集成到手机后盖上。膜器件可以直接施加到结构外壳上，也可以夹在外壳与玻璃盖之间。
作为最后的示例，SPD是悬浮颗粒器件，其中棒状纳米尺寸的颗粒悬浮在层压于两个玻璃片或塑料膜片之间的液体中。在没有任何外部电压的情况下，悬浮颗粒随机分布在液体内部，从而阻挡和吸收穿过的光。当施加外部电压时，悬浮颗粒对准并允许光通过。器件变为透明。
尽管详细描述包含许多细节，但是这些细节不应解释为限制本发明的范围，而是仅用于说明不同的示例。应当理解，本公开的范围包括上面未详细讨论的其他实施例。在不背离所附权利要求书中所限定的精神和范围的情况下，可以对本文公开的方法和器件的布置、操作和细节进行对本领域技术人员显而易见的各种其他修改、改变和变化。因此，本发明的范围应由所附权利要求及其合法等同物确定。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于移动设备的后盖，所述后盖包括影响所述移动设备的背面的外观的膜，其中，由所述膜产生的外观是可改变的。
2.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述膜覆盖移动设备的除背面中的开口以外的整个背面，并且除去开口以外的整个背面的外观是可改变的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述后盖和膜是非平面的并且覆盖移动设备的背面和侧面两者，并且背面和侧面两者的外观都是可改变的。
4.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述移动设备是手机。
5.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述膜和所述外观是电控的。
6.根据权利要求5所述的后盖，其中，所述移动设备的用户通过移动设备的软件设置来控制膜和外观。
7.根据权利要求5所述的后盖，其中，所述移动设备自动地控制所述膜和所述外观。
8.根据权利要求5所述的后盖，其中，所述膜是电致变色膜。
9.根据权利要求5所述的后盖，其中，所述膜包括聚合物分散液晶或聚合物网络液晶。
10.根据权利要求5所述的后盖，其中，所述膜包括悬浮颗粒膜。
11.根据权利要求5所述的后盖，还包括两个柔性导电基板，并且所述膜层压在所述两个柔性导电基板之间。
12.根据权利要求11所述的后盖，还包括层压在所述两个柔性导电基板之间的电荷存储层、固态电解质层和电致变色层。
13.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述膜和所述外观是光控的。
14.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述膜和所述外观由温度控制。
15.根据权利要求14所述的后盖，其中，所述膜包括液晶或隐色染料。
16.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述膜影响移动设备的背面的颜色，并且所述颜色能够由移动设备的用户改变。
17.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，其中，所述膜影响移动设备的背面的色调，并且所述色调能够由移动设备的用户改变。
18.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，还包括：
结构外壳；以及
两个柔性基板，其中，所述膜层压在所述两个柔性基板之间，并且所述两个柔性基板之一通过粘合剂附接到结构外壳。
19.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，还包括：
结构外壳；以及
玻璃盖，其中，所述膜位于结构外壳和玻璃盖之间。
20.根据权利要求1所述的后盖，还包括：
结构外壳，其中，所述膜通过粘合剂直接附接到结构外壳。
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