CN112436818B - Graphene harmonic oscillator, phonon laser based on graphene harmonic oscillator and phonon laser method - Google Patents
Graphene harmonic oscillator, phonon laser based on graphene harmonic oscillator and phonon laser method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a graphene harmonic oscillator, a phonon laser based on the graphene harmonic oscillator and a working method thereof, wherein the graphene harmonic oscillator comprises a substrate chip and a graphene film, and an optical resonant cavity is formed between the substrate chip and the graphene film; the laser comprises a driving laser source, an optical fiber coupler, a half wave plate, a high-reflection mirror, a polarization beam splitter prism, a quarter wave plate, an objective lens, a graphene harmonic oscillator, a nanometer electric displacement table, a beam splitter, a CCD camera, a filter, a photoelectric detector, a spectrum analyzer and an illumination light source; the phonon laser has the advantages of simple preparation process, low technical difficulty, easiness in chip integration, batch preparation and the like, and the stable and controllable phonon laser has important basic research significance and wide application prospect in the fields of developing acoustic quantum information devices, realizing information interaction among different quantum information systems, precisely measuring and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of two-dimensional material harmonic oscillator preparation, cavity photodynamics, phonon information devices, precision measurement and the like, in particular to a method and a device for realizing a phonon laser by using a graphene harmonic oscillator.
Background
In recent years, the rapidly-developed laser technology makes a great contribution in the field of light quantum information, and the cognition of people on quantum physics is greatly promoted. Phonons (lattice vibrational energy quanta) have several distinct advantages over photons: the phonons have shorter wavelength under the same frequency, namely the phonons are more localized, and compared with microwaves and photons, the transmission speed on a chip is slower, so that the phonons are easier to control, and higher resolution can be realized in imaging, precision machining and other applications; secondly, the phonon coherence time is longer, which has important significance for classical coherent information transmission and processing and quantum information processing; thirdly, in a solid system, phonons are strongly coupled with a plurality of physical systems (such as electrons), and the method can be used in the fields of expansion, control and the like of a composite quantum system. Therefore, phonon lasers are of great interest for applications in both the classical and quantum information processing fields. However, the phonon lasing phenomenon based on the laser principle has been difficult to effectively drive the practical application of phonon lasers. With the rapid development of micro-nano electromechanical systems in recent years, an optical electromechanical system composed of a mechanical vibrator and laser becomes an effective means for exploring phonon lasers. The mechanical vibrator prepared based on graphene has the advantages of small quality, high frequency, large quality factor and the like, and the advantages are beneficial to the basic and application research of phonon lasing by using the mechanical vibrator. And when laser is incident into the optical resonant cavity, the optical radiation pressure generated by the blue detuned laser on the graphene can influence the phonon dissipation of the harmonic oscillator along with the increase of laser power, so that the phonon dissipation degree is gradually reduced until zero. And then, phonons in the graphene mechanical vibrator can generate stimulated radiation process similar to photons in laser, and the phonon number shows obvious threshold effect along with the increase of pumping laser power, namely, phonon lasing phenomenon occurs. Along with the vibration of the graphene mechanical harmonic, the laser intensity reflected by the optical resonant cavity is synchronously modulated in a high-frequency state, is converted into an electric signal through a photoelectric detector and is processed through a spectrum analyzer, so that the resonant mode of the mechanical vibrator can be extracted, and the phenomenon of phonon lasing is explored.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a graphene resonator, and a phonon laser based on the graphene resonator and a working method
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the graphene harmonic oscillator comprises a substrate chip, wherein the substrate chip is prepared by etching a silicon wafer, the substrate chip comprises a silicon layer at the bottom, silicon dioxide layers are arranged at the left and right ends of the upper surface of the silicon layer, a groove is formed in the middle of the silicon dioxide layer, a graphene film is covered right above the groove, the graphene film is obtained by mechanically stripping massive graphite, two ends of the graphene film cover part of the silicon dioxide layers, and an optical resonant cavity is formed between the substrate chip and the graphene film.
Preferably, when the laser is incident to the optical resonant cavity, the optical radiation pressure generated by the blue detuned laser on the graphene can be increased along with the increase of the laser power, so that phonon dissipation in the graphene harmonic oscillator is reduced until zero; and then phonons in the graphene harmonic oscillator show a photon stimulated radiation process similar to that in laser, and the phonon number shows an obvious threshold effect along with the increase of pumping laser power, namely, a phonon lasing phenomenon occurs, so that the phonon laser is obtained.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a phonon laser based on a graphene resonator, including the graphene resonator 8, which is: along the light path direction, the device sequentially comprises a first optical fiber coupler 21 for driving the laser source 1, a second optical fiber coupler 22 for driving the laser source 1 to align with the center of the first optical fiber coupler 21, a first half-wave plate 31 for aligning with the center of the second optical fiber coupler 22, a first high reflection mirror 41 for aligning with the center of the first half-wave plate 31 and forming an included angle of 45 degrees with the first half-wave plate 31, a first polarization beam splitter prism 51 for aligning with the emergent light of the first high reflection mirror 41, a second half-wave plate 32 for aligning with the emergent light of the first polarization beam splitter prism 51, a second polarization beam splitter prism 52 for aligning with the emergent light of the second half-wave plate 32, a quarter-wave plate 6 for aligning with the emergent light of the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, an objective lens 7 for aligning with the center of the quarter-wave plate 6, a graphene 8 for aligning with the center of the objective lens 7, a graphene 8 fixed on a nanometer electric displacement table 9, a part of the emergent light of the first high reflection prism 41 and a camera 11 for aligning with the emergent light of the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, a part of the CCD 11 for aligning with the emergent light of the other CCD mirror 12 and a second polarization beam splitter prism 13, a polarization beam splitter 13 for aligning with the other part of the emergent light of the second polarization beam splitter prism 13 and a polarization beam splitter 13, and a polarization beam splitter 13 for aligning with the second polarization beam splitter 13, and a side of the polarization splitter 13 for connecting the polarization splitter 13 and a side of the optical filter 13.
As a preferred mode, pump laser driving the laser source 1 is used for laser interferometry of harmonic oscillator vibration modes at the same time, laser is focused and irradiated on the surface of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 through an objective lens in a free space light mode, an optical resonant cavity is formed between the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 and a silicon substrate chip, along with vibration of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8, laser light intensity reflected by the optical resonant cavity is synchronously modulated, and the resonant mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator can be extracted through conversion of a photoelectric detector into an electric signal and further through a spectrum analyzer.
Preferably, the beam splitter 10 is a 10:90 beam splitter.
Preferably, the nano electro-motion displacement stage 9 is a triaxial displacement stage, and moves along a three-dimensional direction in space, and the center of the objective lens 7 and the center of the graphene resonator 8 are aligned initially by the movement of the displacement stage.
Preferably, the driving laser source is a 633nm single-mode continuous-light laser.
Preferably, the white LED is used as an illumination source for CCD imaging;
in order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a working method of the phonon laser based on graphene harmonic oscillator, which is as follows: the laser source 1 is driven to emit laser, the laser is collimated and collected by the first optical fiber coupler 21, and is collimated by the second optical fiber coupler 22, and then enters the first half-wave plate 31 in parallel, the emergent light of the first half-wave plate 31 is polarized by the half-wave plate, the light path direction is changed by the first high-reflection mirror 41, the laser is vertically incident to the first polarization beam splitter prism 51, the first polarization beam splitter prism 51 reflects the laser with the vertical polarization direction, the emergent light of the first polarization beam splitter prism 51 vertically passes through the center of the second half-wave plate 32, the laser with the polarization state changed by the second half-wave plate 32 enters the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, at this time, the laser passes through the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, the polarization state is changed by the quarter-wave plate 6, the emergent light of the quarter-wave plate 6 is focused by the objective lens 7, and then irradiates the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 vertically fixed on the nano electric displacement table 9, after the polarization state of the laser reflected by the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 is changed again through the objective lens 7 and the quarter wave plate 6, the laser passes through the second polarization beam splitting prism 52 for the second time, the second polarization beam splitting prism 52 reflects the polarized laser, the laser enters the beam splitter 10, the beam splitter 10 splits the laser beam, one beam enters the CCD camera for imaging, the other beam changes the light path direction through the second high-reflection mirror 42, the laser enters the photoelectric detector 13 after being filtered through the filter plate 12, the received optical signal is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric detector 13, the electric signal extracts the resonance mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 through the spectrum analyzer 14, and all the half wave plates and the quarter wave plates are also used for adjusting the power of all the laser in the light path; the nano electric displacement table 9 is used for adjusting the position of the graphene harmonic oscillator, so that a laser spot can be accurately focused on the target position of the graphene harmonic oscillator.
Preferably, the working method further comprises: focusing a driving continuous light laser source with the wavelength of 633nm on an optical resonant cavity, dividing a laser beam reflected by a graphene resonator 8 into two beams by utilizing a 90:10 beam splitter, wherein one beam is used for imaging, the other beam is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector, and extracting the resonance mode of a graphene mechanical vibrator through a spectrum analyzer after spectrum analysis to obtain frequency domain information of vibration of the resonator; along with the increase of laser power, phonons have obvious threshold effect, and the phonons are excited to form a phonon exciter; the normal operation of the device is ensured, and after the mechanical vibration mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 is observed, the half wave plate and the quarter wave plate in the optical path are rotated to change the laser power focused on the graphene film; on the premise of not damaging the graphene film, the optical power of the incident laser is increased, and the implementation condition of the phonon laser is judged according to the amplitude change of the vibration mode in the frequency spectrum information. This amplitude change is based on fig. 4, and if an amplitude change similar to that in fig. 4 occurs, it can be judged that the phonon-laser is implemented.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the known phonon laser device, the phonon laser has the advantages of simple preparation process, low technical difficulty, easy chip integration, batch preparation and the like. The stable and controllable phonon laser has important basic research significance and wide application prospect in the fields of developing acoustic quantum information devices, realizing information interaction among different quantum information systems, precisely measuring and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a device of a phonon laser based on graphene resonators according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a principle of laser pumping driving and measuring of a graphene harmonic oscillator.
Fig. 3 is a frequency domain display of a graphene resonator mirror, an electron mirror image, and a resonant mode of the present invention. Wherein (a) the suspended graphene harmonic oscillator is subjected to optical mapping. And (b) suspending the graphene harmonic oscillator electron microscope image. And (c) measuring a spectrogram of the suspended graphene harmonic oscillator.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the variation trend of the resonance mode information at different incident light powers according to the present invention. Wherein (a) is a waterfall diagram of a certain vibration mode variation under different incident light powers; and (b) is a peak change curve of a certain vibration mode under different incident light powers.
The device comprises a driving laser source 1, a first optical fiber coupler 21, a second optical fiber coupler 22, a first half-wave plate 31, a second half-wave plate 32, a first high-reflection mirror 41, a second high-reflection mirror 42, a first polarization beam splitter prism 51, a second polarization beam splitter prism 52, a quarter-wave plate 6, an objective lens 7, a graphene harmonic oscillator 8, a nano electric displacement table 9, a beam splitter 10, a CCD camera 11, a filter sheet 12, a photoelectric detector 13, a spectrum analyzer 14 and an illumination light source 15.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a graphene harmonic oscillator, which comprises a substrate chip, wherein the substrate chip is prepared by etching a silicon wafer, the substrate chip comprises a silicon layer at the bottom, silicon dioxide layers are arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper surface of the silicon layer, a groove is formed in the middle of the silicon dioxide layer, a graphene film is covered right above the groove, the graphene film is obtained by mechanically stripping massive graphite, two ends of the graphene film cover part of the silicon dioxide layers, and an optical resonant cavity is formed between the substrate chip and the graphene film.
When laser is incident into the optical resonant cavity, the optical radiation pressure generated by the blue detuned laser on the graphene can be increased along with the increase of laser power, so that phonon dissipation in the graphene harmonic oscillator is reduced until zero; and then phonons in the graphene harmonic oscillator show a photon stimulated radiation process similar to that in laser, and the phonon number shows an obvious threshold effect along with the increase of pumping laser power, namely, a phonon lasing phenomenon occurs, so that the phonon laser is obtained.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment further provides a phonon laser based on a graphene resonator, including the above-mentioned graphene resonator 8, which is: along the light path direction, the device sequentially comprises a first optical fiber coupler 21 for driving the laser source 1, a second optical fiber coupler 22 for driving the laser source 1 to align with the center of the first optical fiber coupler 21, a first half-wave plate 31 for aligning with the center of the second optical fiber coupler 22, a first high reflection mirror 41 for aligning with the center of the first half-wave plate 31 and forming an included angle of 45 degrees with the first half-wave plate 31, a first polarization beam splitter prism 51 for aligning with the emergent light of the first high reflection mirror 41, a second half-wave plate 32 for aligning with the emergent light of the first polarization beam splitter prism 51, a second polarization beam splitter prism 52 for aligning with the emergent light of the second half-wave plate 32, a quarter-wave plate 6 for aligning with the emergent light of the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, an objective lens 7 for aligning with the center of the quarter-wave plate 6, a graphene 8 for aligning with the center of the objective lens 7, a graphene 8 fixed on a nanometer electric displacement table 9, a part of the emergent light of the first high reflection prism 41 and a camera 11 for aligning with the emergent light of the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, a part of the CCD 11 for aligning with the emergent light of the other CCD mirror 12 and a second polarization beam splitter prism 13, a polarization beam splitter 13 for aligning with the other part of the emergent light of the second polarization beam splitter prism 13 and a polarization beam splitter 13, and a polarization beam splitter 13 for aligning with the second polarization beam splitter 13, and a side of the polarization splitter 13 for connecting the polarization splitter 13 and a side of the optical filter 13.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the beam splitter 10 is a 10:90 beam splitter. The nano electric displacement table 9 is a triaxial displacement table and moves along the three-dimensional direction of space, and a plurality of three-dimensional displacement tables appear in the prior art and can be used in the invention; initially the center of the objective lens 7 and the center of the graphene resonator 8 are aligned by the movement of the displacement stage. The driving laser source adopts 633nm single-mode continuous light laser. 633nm single mode fiber and fiber collimator, coupling the laser into the free space optical path. The laser power of the laser was 35mW. The white LED is used as an illumination light source for CCD imaging;
the half-wave plate in the light path is fixed on the rotary mounting seat, and the wave plate is rotated, so that the laser intensity of the follow-up light path of the wave plate can be conveniently adjusted by utilizing the polarization characteristic of the laser.
The high reflection mirror can conveniently change the direction of the light path so as to reduce the occupied area of the whole system.
The first polarization beam splitter prism 51 changes the direction of the optical path by utilizing the characteristic of polarization beam splitting thereof, and allows the white auxiliary illumination light source to be easily coupled into the optical path.
The second polarization beam splitter prism 52 and the quarter wave plate 6 form an optical isolator, so that laser with polarization characteristics cannot return along an incident light path, and the imaging and photoelectric detection can be conveniently carried out to extract the resonance mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator.
The laser is focused on the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 through an objective lens to form a light spot with the size of 1um, wherein the magnification is 100 times, the working distance is 0.9mm, and the Numerical Aperture (NA) of the objective lens is 0.8.
The graphene harmonic oscillator 8 is vertically fixed on an electric nano displacement table, as shown in fig. 1. The graphene harmonic oscillator 8 is formed by suspending a graphene film in a round hole of a 5um silicon substrate chip.
The electric nanometer displacement table is used for accurately moving a load sample, the step distance is 100nm, and the movable range is 5mm, so that the laser light spot is ensured to be accurately focused on a target position on the graphene mechanical vibrator.
After the light beam passes through the objective lens for the first time, the light beam reflected by the surface of the graphene harmonic oscillator and the light beam reflected by the surface of the silicon substrate chip below the graphene interfere, and the focused laser generates radiation pressure on the graphene, as shown in fig. 2. After passing through the objective lens again, the interference beam is changed in light path direction by the polarization beam splitter prism and irradiates on the 90:10 optical beam splitter.
A 90:10 optical beam splitter for splitting the laser beam reflected by the optical resonant cavity into two beams, one beam being used for imaging; the other beam is used for a photodetector which converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. Here a response rate of 0.3A/W was chosen covering a free space photodetector of 633 nm.
And (3) processing the electrical signals by the spectrum analyzer to obtain vibration information of each mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator, wherein (a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of a test sample optical mirror and an electron microscope, and (c) is a measurement spectrogram of the suspended graphene harmonic oscillator. Here, fig. 3 (c) shows vibration information of different ranges due to the selection of the frequency spectrum range, which is only an example, because a suitable frequency spectrum range is selected according to specific experimental requirements. If similar vibration information is not available, it should be checked: 1. whether the preparation of the graphene harmonic oscillator is successful; 2. whether the laser light spot strikes the right position on the graphene harmonic oscillator or not; 3. whether system noise floods the resonant mode information.
And regulating a half wave plate and a quarter wave plate in the light path to ensure that the laser power focused on the suspended graphene is stably changed from 300uW to 6.3mW, dividing the laser power at proper power intervals in the process of power change, repeatedly recording the data and image information of a frequency spectrum under each power condition, integrating and drawing a plurality of groups of result data similar to that of FIG. 3, and observing the change of a resonance mode in the frequency spectrum. As shown in fig. 4, in the case of increasing the incident optical power, the resonance mode of the graphene resonator changes: obvious resonance peaks appear, the line width of the resonance peaks is gradually reduced, and the peak value is gradually increased. The phonon dissipation gradually decreases to zero in the process, and the phonon shows obvious threshold effect, namely, the phonon is excited.
The pumping laser driving the laser source 1 is simultaneously used for laser interferometry of harmonic oscillator vibration modes, the laser irradiates on the surface of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 in a free space light mode through focusing of an objective lens, an optical resonant cavity is formed between the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 and a silicon substrate chip, along with vibration of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8, the laser intensity reflected by the optical resonant cavity is synchronously modulated, and the laser intensity is converted into an electric signal through a photoelectric detector and then is subjected to spectrum analyzer to extract the resonance mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator.
The embodiment also provides a working method of the phonon laser based on the graphene harmonic oscillator, which is as follows: the laser source 1 is driven to emit laser, the laser is collimated and collected by the first optical fiber coupler 21, and is collimated by the second optical fiber coupler 22, and then enters the first half-wave plate 31 in parallel, the emergent light of the first half-wave plate 31 is polarized by the half-wave plate, the light path direction is changed by the first high-reflection mirror 41, the laser is vertically incident to the first polarization beam splitter prism 51, the first polarization beam splitter prism 51 reflects the laser with the polarization direction, the emergent light of the first polarization beam splitter prism 51 vertically passes through the center of the second half-wave plate 32, the laser with the polarization state changed by the second half-wave plate 32 enters the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, at this time, the laser passes through the second polarization beam splitter prism 52, the polarization state is changed by the quarter-wave plate 6, the emergent light of the quarter-wave plate 6 is focused to be 1 mu m light spot by the objective lens 7, and then irradiates the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 vertically fixed on the nano electric displacement table 9, after the polarization state of the laser reflected by the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 is changed again through the objective lens 7 and the quarter wave plate 6, the laser passes through the second polarization beam splitting prism 52 for the second time, the second polarization beam splitting prism 52 reflects the polarized laser, the laser enters the beam splitter 10, the beam splitter 10 splits the laser beam, one beam enters the CCD camera for imaging, the other beam changes the light path direction through the second high-reflection mirror 42, the laser enters the photoelectric detector 13 after being filtered through the filter plate 12, the received optical signal is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric detector 13, the electric signal extracts the resonance mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 through the spectrum analyzer 14, and all the half wave plates and the quarter wave plates are also used for adjusting the power of all the laser in the light path; the nano electric displacement table 9 is used for adjusting the position of the graphene harmonic oscillator, so that a laser spot can be accurately focused on the target position of the graphene harmonic oscillator.
Further, focusing a driving continuous light laser source with the wavelength of 633nm on an optical resonant cavity, then utilizing a 90:10 beam splitter to split a laser beam reflected by a graphene resonator 8 into two beams, wherein one beam is used for imaging, the other beam is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector, and the resonant mode of the graphene mechanical resonator is extracted through a spectrum analyzer after spectrum analysis to obtain frequency domain information of vibration of the resonator; along with the increase of laser power, phonons have obvious threshold effect, and the phonons are excited to form a phonon exciter; the normal operation of the device is ensured, and after the mechanical vibration mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator 8 is observed, the half wave plate and the quarter wave plate in the optical path are rotated to change the laser power focused on the graphene film; on the premise of not damaging the graphene film, the optical power of the incident laser is increased, and the implementation condition of the phonon laser is judged according to the amplitude change of the vibration mode in the frequency spectrum information.
Other embodiments of resonators of different two-dimensional materials may achieve phonon lasing.
GrapheneThe harmonic oscillator has the characteristics of simple material preparation, small mass, stable physical property and high quality factor. The graphene material is a layered graphene sample obtained by mechanically stripping bulk graphite. And transferring the few-layer graphene sample obtained by mechanical stripping to a silicon substrate chip with a microstructure to suspend by utilizing a two-dimensional material transfer platform, so as to obtain the required graphene harmonic oscillator. In addition, other two-dimensional materials are transferred, e.g. MoS 2 、WSe 2 The prepared harmonic oscillator can be coupled with laser and a microcircuit to prepare an optical mechanical system and a micro-electromechanical system, and has wide research and application prospects.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims of this invention, which are within the skill of those skilled in the art, can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A graphene harmonic oscillator is characterized in that: the substrate chip is prepared by etching a silicon wafer, the substrate chip comprises a silicon layer at the bottom, silicon dioxide layers are arranged at the left and right ends of the upper surface of the silicon layer, a groove is arranged in the middle of the silicon dioxide layer, a graphene film is covered right above the groove, the graphene film is obtained by mechanically stripping massive graphite, part of the silicon dioxide layers are covered at the two ends of the graphene film, and an optical resonant cavity is formed between the substrate chip and the graphene film;
when laser is incident into the optical resonant cavity, the optical radiation pressure generated by the blue detuned laser on the graphene can be increased along with the increase of laser power, so that phonon dissipation in the graphene harmonic oscillator is reduced until zero; and then phonons in the graphene harmonic oscillator show a photon stimulated radiation process similar to that in laser, and the phonon number shows an obvious threshold effect along with the increase of pumping laser power, namely, a phonon lasing phenomenon occurs, so that the phonon laser is obtained.
2. A phonon-laser based on graphene resonators, comprising graphene resonators (8) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: along the direction of the light path, the device sequentially comprises a first optical fiber coupler (21) for driving the laser source (1) to be aligned with the center of the laser source (1), a second optical fiber coupler (22) connected with the first optical fiber coupler (21) through optical fibers, a first half-wave plate (31) aligned with the center of the second optical fiber coupler (22), a first high-reflection mirror (41) aligned with the center of the first half-wave plate (31) and forming an included angle of (45 degrees with the first half-wave plate (31), a first polarization beam splitter prism (51) aligned with the emergent light of the first high-reflection mirror (41), a second half-wave plate (32) aligned with the emergent light of the first polarization beam splitter prism (51), a second polarization beam splitter prism (52) aligned with the emergent light of the second half-wave plate (32), a quarter-wave plate (6) aligned with the emergent light of the second polarization beam splitter prism (52), an objective lens (7) aligned with the center of the quarter-wave plate (6), a graphene (8) aligned with the center of the objective lens (7), a graphene (8) fixed on a nano-electric stage (9), an emergent light beam splitter (10) aligned with the center of the second polarization beam splitter (10) and another resonant mirror (10), the optical spectrum analyzer comprises a filter (12) aligned with the emergent light of a second high-reflection mirror (42), a photoelectric detector (13) aligned with the center of the filter (12), and a spectrum analyzer (14) electrically connected with the photoelectric detector (13), wherein an illumination light source (15) is arranged on one side of a first polarization beam splitter prism (51) far away from a second half-wave plate (32), and the illumination light source (15) is aligned with the emergent light of the first polarization beam splitter prism (51).
3. The graphene-resonator-based phonon-laser of claim 2, wherein: the pumping laser driving the laser source (1) is simultaneously used for measuring the vibration mode of the harmonic oscillator by laser interferometry, the laser irradiates the surface of the graphene harmonic oscillator (8) in a free space light mode through the focusing of the objective lens, an optical resonant cavity is formed between the graphene harmonic oscillator (8) and the silicon substrate chip, the laser intensity reflected by the optical resonant cavity is synchronously modulated along with the vibration of the graphene harmonic oscillator (8), and the resonant mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator can be extracted through converting the laser intensity into an electric signal through the photoelectric detector and then through the spectrum analyzer.
4. The graphene-resonator-based phonon-laser of claim 2, wherein: the beam splitter (10) is a 10:90 beam splitter.
5. The graphene-resonator-based phonon-laser of claim 2, wherein: the nano electric displacement table (9) is a triaxial displacement table, moves along the three-dimensional direction of space, and initially aligns the center of the objective lens (7) and the center of the graphene resonator (8) through the movement of the displacement table.
6. The graphene-resonator-based phonon-laser of claim 2, wherein: the driving laser source adopts 633nm single-mode continuous light laser.
7. The graphene-resonator-based phonon-laser of claim 2, wherein: the white LED serves as an illumination source for CCD imaging.
8. The working method of the phonon laser based on the graphene harmonic oscillator according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: the laser source (1) is driven to emit laser, the laser is collimated and collected by the first optical fiber coupler (21) and is collimated by the second optical fiber coupler (22), then the laser enters the first half-wave plate (31) in parallel, the light path direction of the emergent light of the first half-wave plate (31) is changed by the half-wave plate, the laser vertically enters the first polarization beam splitter prism (51) through the first high reflection mirror (41), the first polarization beam splitter prism (51) reflects the laser with the vertical polarization direction, the emergent light of the first polarization beam splitter prism (51) vertically passes through the center of the second half-wave plate (32), the laser with the polarization state changed by the second half-wave plate (32) enters the second polarization beam splitter prism (52), at the moment, the laser penetrates the second polarization beam splitter prism (52) and is changed by the quarter-wave plate (6), the emergent light of the quarter-wave plate (6) is irradiated on the graphene (8) vertically fixed on the nano electric displacement table (9) after being focused by the objective lens (7), the laser reflected by the graphene (8) is collected by the quarter-wave plate (7), the laser is reflected by the second polarization beam splitter prism (10) and enters the second polarization beam splitter prism (52), the laser is polarized again, the laser beam enters the polarization beam splitter (10) after the polarization state is changed by the second polarization beam splitter (10), the other beam is changed in the direction of the light path through a second high-reflection mirror (42), after the laser is filtered through a filter plate (12), the laser with the same wavelength as the driving laser source (1) is ensured to enter a photoelectric detector (13), the photoelectric detector (13) converts the received optical signal into an electric signal, the electric signal extracts the resonance mode of a graphene harmonic oscillator (8) through a spectrum analyzer (14), and all the half wave plates and the quarter wave plates are also used for adjusting the power of each part of laser in the light path; the nanometer electric displacement table (9) is used for adjusting the position of the graphene harmonic oscillator, so that a laser spot can be accurately focused on the target position of the graphene harmonic oscillator.
9. The method of operation of a graphene resonator-based phonon laser of claim 8, wherein: focusing a driving continuous light laser source with the wavelength of 633nm on an optical resonant cavity, dividing a laser beam reflected by a graphene resonator (8) into two beams by utilizing a 90:10 beam splitter, wherein one beam is used for imaging, the other beam is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detector, and extracting the resonant mode of a graphene mechanical vibrator through a spectrum analyzer after spectrum analysis to obtain frequency domain information of vibration of the resonator; along with the increase of laser power, phonons have obvious threshold effect, and the phonons are excited to form a phonon exciter; ensuring the normal operation of the device, and rotating half waves in the light path after the mechanical vibration mode of the graphene harmonic oscillator (8) can be observed
A plate and a quarter wave plate to change the laser power focused on the graphene film; on the premise of not damaging the graphene film,
and increasing the optical power of the incident laser, and judging the implementation condition of the phonon laser according to the amplitude change of the vibration mode in the frequency spectrum information.
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| CN114659625B (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-04-25 | 电子科技大学 | Performance-adjustable bolometer based on graphene mechanical vibrator and preparation method |
| CN114679152B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-04-28 | 电子科技大学 | Dynamically adjustable graphene phonon waveguide and method |
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