CN111721410B - System and method for moving single atom position - Google Patents
System and method for moving single atom position Download PDFInfo
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- CN111721410B CN111721410B CN202010524157.XA CN202010524157A CN111721410B CN 111721410 B CN111721410 B CN 111721410B CN 202010524157 A CN202010524157 A CN 202010524157A CN 111721410 B CN111721410 B CN 111721410B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01J1/42—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of atomic control, in particular to a system and a method for moving a single atomic position, wherein the system comprises a laser, and laser emitted by the laser sequentially passes through an acousto-optic modulator, a biaxial scanning galvanometer, a polarization beam splitter prism, a lens group, a 45-degree total reflection mirror and an aspheric mirror and then is focused in a vacuum glass air chamber to form a waist spot with the size smaller than 2 um; the three-dimensional translation stage is used for finely adjusting the position of the waist spot, so that the waist spot is overlapped with an atom trapping region formed by the magneto-optical trap system to form an optical dipole trap and a single atom is loaded; fluorescence emitted by a single atom in the optical dipole trap is detected by a single photon detector after passing through the aspherical mirror, the two 45-degree total reflection mirrors, the lens group, the polarization beam splitter prism and the interference filter; the biaxial scanning galvanometer is used for realizing the movement of a single atom in the optical dipole trap by adjusting the deflection angle of the laser beam. The invention has simple structure, small occupied space and convenient adjustment, and can move atoms within the range of 200 mu m.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of atomic manipulation, in particular to a system and a method for moving a single atomic position.
Background
The single atom is an ideal quantum system, and with the microstructure and the properties of the atom being known by people, the laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping technology appears, so that the single atom can be trapped for a long time in the micro-scale optical dipole trap, high-fineness optical cavity, magneto-optical trapping technology and other trapping modes. Representative experiments for trapping single atoms in an optical cavity included constructing a far detuned optical dipole trap in the cavity to trap a single atom in the cavity, with a trapping time of 28ms in the cavity, in 1999, kimble's group in the united states; in 2000, the group constructed near resonance dipole wells in the cavity, the near resonance light has a large photon scattering rate, and the radiation heating to atoms is not negligible, so that only a single atom can be captured for about 1ms; in 2003, the construction of the intracavity dipole well prolongs the time for capturing single atoms to 2-3s; in 2005, the Rermpe group in germany further employed three-dimensional cavity cooling and atom conveyor technology to extend the capture time of individual atoms to an average of 17s; by 2012, the group simultaneously optimized experimental parameters based on feedback control of atoms, and extended the length of time of single atoms captured in the optical cavity to the minute level. The control and measurement of single atom has important application prospect in the aspects of ultra-sensitive monitoring, ultra-low signal analysis and micro-nano scale control and measurement, and has extremely important significance in many aspects such as exploration and research of basic physics, quantum information storage, quantum communication, quantum calculation and the like as a basic quantum system. As early as 1968, scientists in the soviet union suggested that laser could trap atoms at the strongest spot, but because of its shallow trap depth, it was not possible to trap atoms directly from ambient temperature background gas; optical dipole traps are optical dipole traps (FORTs) that use the dipolar interaction of light with atoms to trap pre-cooled atoms, particularly the far detuned ones; since the trapped light is far away from the atomic transition line in frequency and its scattering rate is very low, the FORT can be considered as an approximately conservative potential well. In the potential well, the coherence of the atomic internal state can be kept for a long time, meanwhile, optical dipole wells with various configurations can be constructed by utilizing the strong focusing of light spots and the multi-beam interference effect, the size of the well can be in the micron order, namely, the diffraction limit of light is reached, the atom space localization is facilitated, the control of external freedom degree is realized, and the atom movement research and the characteristics of atom movement distance, atom movement speed and the like are facilitated.
In the prior art, due to the inherent characteristics of atoms, the movement and the manipulation of a single atom are difficult to be really realized, and in order to realize the movement and the manipulation of the single atom, a system and a method for moving the position of the single atom need to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and solves the technical problems that: a system and method for moving the position of a single atom is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a system for moving a single atom position comprises a magneto-optical trap system, a laser, a double-shaft scanning galvanometer, an acousto-optic modulator, a polarization beam splitter prism, a lens group, a three-dimensional translation stage, an interference filter, a photon detector and an aspheric mirror, wherein the magneto-optical trap system is used for forming an atom trapping area in a vacuum glass gas chamber; two 45-degree total-reflection mirrors are arranged on the three-dimensional translation table through a three-dimensional adjusting mirror bracket, and laser emitted by the laser sequentially passes through an acousto-optic modulator, a double-axis scanning galvanometer, a polarization beam splitter prism, a lens group, two 45-degree total-reflection mirrors and an aspheric mirror and then is focused in a vacuum glass air chamber to form a waist spot with the size smaller than 2 mu m; the three-dimensional translation stage is used for adjusting the position of the waist spot, enabling the waist spot to be overlapped with an atom trapping region formed by the magneto-optical trap system to form an optical dipole trap and loading a single atom; fluorescence emitted by a single atom in the optical dipole trap is detected by a single photon detector after sequentially passing through the aspherical mirror, the two 45-degree total reflection mirrors, the lens group, the polarization beam splitter prism and the interference filter; the biaxial scanning galvanometer is used for realizing the movement of a single atom in the optical dipole trap by adjusting the deflection angle of laser.
The three-dimensional translation stage is used for driving the aspherical mirror and the two 45-degree total reflection mirrors to move through the conduit, and further the position of the waist spot is changed to be superposed with an atom trapping region formed by the magneto-optical trap system.
The guide tube is a hollow metal lens cone, one end of the guide tube is fixedly connected with the three-dimensional translation table, the other end of the guide tube is connected with the vacuum glass air chamber through a flange, and the aspherical mirror is arranged at the end part of the guide tube in a sealing mode.
The lens group is arranged on the three-dimensional translation stage.
The bandwidth of the interference filter is less than 2nm, and the central wavelength is equal to the atomic fluorescence wavelength.
The system for moving the position of the single atom further comprises a multimode optical fiber arranged between the polarization beam splitter prism and the single-photon detector, and the multimode optical fiber is used for collecting fluorescence and then sending the fluorescence to the single-photon detector;
the lens group comprises a first lens and a second lens, wherein the numerical aperture of the first lens and the numerical aperture of the second lens are 0.29, and the object distance is 36mm.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for moving the single atomic position, which is realized by adopting the system for moving the single atomic position and comprises the following steps:
s1, forming an atom trapping region in a vacuum glass air chamber through a magneto-optical trap system;
s2, adjusting the angle and the position of a 45-degree total reflection mirror through a three-dimensional adjusting mirror frame, and adjusting the position of a waist spot formed in a vacuum glass air chamber by the laser output by a laser in an XY plane, so that the waist spot is preliminarily coincided with an atom capture area, wherein the XY plane is a plane vertical to the propagation direction of a light beam; then, adjusting the three-dimensional space position of a waist spot formed in a vacuum glass air chamber by driving a three-dimensional translation table and outputting laser by a laser, so that the waist spot and an atom trapping region are completely overlapped to form an optical dipole trap, and trapping a single atom in the optical dipole trap;
s3, controlling the reflection angle of the scanning galvanometer to realize deflection of the laser beam, so that movement of a single atom in the optical dipole trap is realized; and connecting a counter with the single photon detector for counting and counting to obtain a fluorescence signal diagram of a single atom, and obtaining a statistical distribution diagram of the moving distance, the moving speed and the single atom fluorescence photon counting rate of the single atom in the optical dipole trap according to the statistical analysis of the fluorescence signal diagram.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention realizes the movement of single atom position by combining the magneto-optical trap with the three-dimensional translation stage and the biaxial scanning galvanometer, the movement distance of the single atom in the time of 100ms,120ms and 150ms is approximately the same, 200 mu m can be reached, and the movement speed is faster. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied space, convenient adjustment and the like. The method can be widely applied to the aspects of single-atom control and measurement and quantum information, and lays a solid foundation for researches such as control of the external degree of freedom of atoms in the optical dipole trap.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for moving a single atomic location according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the catheter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an atomic signal result of a single atomic motion detection end obtained by counting statistics of a counter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of fluorescence signals of single atoms counted by a counter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the distance traveled by a single atom in a dipole well in 100ms time, as analyzed by the system of FIG. 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the velocity of a single atom in 100ms time obtained from the statistical analysis of FIG. 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-glass vacuum chamber; 2-a first quarter wave plate; 3-a second quarter wave plate; 4-zero degree total reflection mirror; 5-aspherical mirror; 6-45 degree total reflection mirror; 7-a three-dimensional translation stage; 8-a first lens; 9-a second lens; 10-a polarizing beam splitting prism; 11-biaxial scanning galvanometer; 12-an acousto-optic modulator; 13-watt level single frequency continuous wavelength 938nm laser; 14-an interference filter; 15-a multimode optical fiber; 16-single photon detector, 17 is a conduit, and 18 is a flange.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for moving a single atom position, including a magneto-optical trap system, where the magneto-optical trap system is used to form an atom capture region in a vacuum glass gas chamber 1, and further including a laser 13, a biaxial scanning galvanometer 11, an acousto-optic modulator 12, a polarization beam splitter prism 10, a lens group, a three-dimensional translation stage 7, an interference filter 14, a photon detector 16, and an aspheric mirror 5 disposed in the vacuum glass gas chamber 1, where two 45-degree all-reflection mirrors 6 are disposed on the three-dimensional translation stage 7 through a three-dimensional adjustment lens holder, and laser emitted by the laser 13 sequentially passes through the acousto-optic modulator 12, the biaxial scanning galvanometer 11, the polarization beam splitter prism 10, the lens group, the 45-degree all-reflection mirror 6, and the aspheric mirror 5 and then is focused in the vacuum glass gas chamber 1 to form a waist spot with a size smaller than 2 um; the three-dimensional translation stage 7 is used for adjusting the spatial position of the waist spot, so that the waist spot and an atom trapping region formed by the magneto-optical trap system are superposed to form an optical dipole trap and load a single atom; fluorescence emitted by a single atom in the optical dipole trap is detected by a single photon detector 16 after passing through an aspherical mirror 5, two 45-degree total reflection mirrors 6, a lens group, a polarization beam splitter prism 10 and an interference filter 14; the biaxial scanning galvanometer 11 is used for realizing the movement of a single atom in the optical dipole trap by adjusting the deflection angle of the laser beam.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the aspherical mirror 5 is fixedly connected to the three-dimensional translation stage 7 through a conduit 17, and the three-dimensional translation stage 7 is configured to drive the aspherical mirror to move along the laser direction through the conduit 17.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the lens group may also be provided on the three-dimensional translation stage 7. In the embodiment, the laser incident on the lens group is a parallel beam, and the lens group is arranged on the three-dimensional translation table, so that only the position of the lumbar spot is changed without changing the size of the lumbar spot when the three-dimensional translation table moves.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, it is a partial schematic view from another angle in fig. 1. In this embodiment, the duct 17 is a hollow metal lens cone, one end of the hollow metal lens cone is fixedly connected with the three-dimensional translation stage 7, the other end of the hollow metal lens cone is connected with the vacuum glass air chamber 1 through a flange, the aspherical mirror 5 is hermetically arranged at the end of the duct, and light emitted by the laser 13 enters the duct 17 after passing through the two 45-degree total reflection mirrors 6, and then is focused by the aspherical mirror in the duct 17 to form a waist spot with a diameter smaller than 2 μm. Because the guide pipe 17 is connected with the vacuum glass air chamber 1 through the flange, in the invention, the position of the waist spot is finely adjusted only through the three-dimensional translation table, and the adjusting range is as follows: the XY plane is within 100 microns, the Z direction is in millimeter magnitude, when the duct 17 can move three-dimensionally to adjust the position of the waist spot under the driving of the three-dimensional translation stage 7, the sealing performance between the duct and the vacuum glass air chamber cannot be influenced, in addition, the aspherical mirror 6 is arranged at the end part of the duct in a sealing mode, so that one side of the duct is also provided with a sealing structure through the aspherical mirror, and the sealing performance of the vacuum glass air chamber is ensured.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the bandwidth of the interference filter 14 is less than 2nm, and the central wavelength is equal to the atomic fluorescence wavelength.
Specifically, the present embodiment further includes a multimode optical fiber 15 disposed between the polarization beam splitter prism 10 and the single photon detector 16, where the multimode optical fiber 15 is used to collect fluorescence and send the fluorescence to the single photon detector 16;
specifically, the lens group includes a first lens 8 and a second lens 9, and the numerical aperture of the first lens 8 and the second lens 9 is 0.29 and the object distance is 36mm.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the atoms trapped in the vacuum glass gas chamber 1 are cesium atoms.
Further, the present invention also provides a method for moving a single atom position, which is implemented based on the system shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
s1, forming an atom trapping region in a vacuum glass air chamber 1 through a magneto-optical trap system;
and S2, adjusting the angle and the position of the 45-degree total reflection mirror 6 through the three-dimensional adjusting mirror frame, and adjusting the position of a waist spot formed in the vacuum glass gas chamber 1 by the laser 13 to output laser in an XY plane, wherein the XY plane is a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the light beam. By driving the three-dimensional translation stage 7, the space position of a waist spot formed in the vacuum glass air chamber 1 by the laser 13 output laser can be slightly adjusted, so that the waist spot and the atom trapping region are completely overlapped to form an optical dipole trap, and a single atom is trapped in the optical dipole trap;
s3, controlling the reflection angle of the scanning galvanometer 11 to realize deflection of the laser beam, so that movement of a single atom in the optical dipole trap is realized; and connecting a counter with a single photon detector for counting statistics to obtain a fluorescence signal diagram of a single atom, and obtaining a statistical distribution diagram of the movement distance, the movement speed and the single atom fluorescence photon counting rate of the single atom in the optical dipole trap according to the statistical analysis of the fluorescence signal diagram.
Specifically, the building process of the system for moving a single atomic position provided by this embodiment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of (I) constructing a glass vacuum chamber part: taking a cuboid or cube glass vacuum air chamber made of quartz, and plating an antireflection film with the same atomic wavelength as the measured atomic wavelength on the outer surface of the glass vacuum air chamber; connecting a turbine pump with a glass vacuum chamber so as to maintain the vacuum pressure of the vacuum chamber at 2.8E-9mbar;
(II) constructing an optical field part and a magnetic field part of the optical magneto-optical trap system to form an atom trapping region: the light field part is coupled by laser emitted by a cooling light laser and a re-pumping light laser through a polarization beam splitter prism, then coupled light passes through a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber, the beam splitter prism equally divides emergent light into three beams according to power, and the three beams of light are converted into circularly polarized light through a first quarter wave plate and then enter a glass vacuum air chamber and are mutually orthogonal; the three beams of light are emitted from the glass vacuum air chamber and then return through the second quarter-wave plate and the zero-degree total reflection mirror, so that the light field part of the magneto-optical trap system is formed; the magnetic field part comprises a quadrupole magnetic field and a compensation magnetic field positioned outside the glass vacuum chamber, wherein the quadrupole magnetic field is generated by a pair of anti-Helmholtz coils with the magnetic field gradient of 5Gauss/cm-20Gauss/cm, and the compensation magnetic field is generated by three pairs of Helmholtz coils with the magnetic field intensity of less than 1 Gauss; the position of the quadrupole magnetic field should ensure that a point with zero magnetic field intensity is positioned in the glass vacuum air chamber and is superposed with the intersection point of the three beams of light which are orthogonal with each other, and an atom capturing area is formed at the superposed point; the cesium releaser is electrified to release cesium atoms, and the number of atoms trapped by an atom trapping region of the magneto-optical trap system is 10 5 ~10 7 Cesium atom of (a);
(III) constructing an optical dipole trap, and loading single atoms in the atom trapping region: the aspherical mirror 5 is connected with a three-dimensional translation stage 7 through a conduit 17, and 2 45-degree total reflection mirrors are fixed on the three-dimensional translation stage 7 through a three-dimensional adjusting frame and are a first lens; the 9-second lens can also be fixed on the three-dimensional translation stage; laser emitted by a laser 1 with watt-level and single-frequency continuous wavelength of 938nm is emitted into an acousto-optic modulator 12, first-level diffraction light emitted by the acousto-optic modulator 12 is emitted into a biaxial scanning galvanometer 11, emergent light of the biaxial scanning galvanometer 11 is emitted into a polarization beam splitting prism 10, the polarization beam splitting prism 10 emits the laser into a lens group consisting of a first lens 8 and a second lens 9, the numerical aperture of the lens group is 0.29, the object distance of the lens group is 36mm, the fixed positions of the biaxial scanning galvanometer 11 and the polarization beam splitting prism 10 are selected to enable the laser to penetrate through the first lens, the emergent light after the second lens is focused, and the size of a waist spot of the laser is smaller than 2 microns, so that a micro-optical dipole well is formed; the angle and the position of the 45-degree total reflection mirror 6 are adjusted through the three-dimensional adjusting mirror frame, and the position of a waist spot formed in the vacuum glass air chamber 1 in which the laser output by the laser 13 is output is adjusted in an XY plane, wherein the XY plane is a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the light beam. Through the three-dimensional translation stage 7, the three-dimensional position of a waist spot formed in the vacuum glass gas chamber 1 by the laser output by the laser 13 is slightly adjusted, so that the waist spot and the atom trapping region are coincided to form an optical dipole well, and one atom in the atom trapping region of the magneto-optical trap system is loaded into the micro-optical dipole well under the collision blocking effect. In the embodiment, the three-dimensional translation stage can drive the aspherical mirror 5 to move by a distance of 100 microns in an XY plane, and the aspherical mirror 5 can move by a space of 5mm at most in a Z direction, so that the aspherical mirror 5 is connected with the three-dimensional translation stage through a conduit, the movement of the aspherical mirror, namely the waist spot position in the vacuum glass air chamber 1 can be realized, and the coincidence of an optical dipole trap and a magneto-optical trap atom trapping region is further realized.
(IV) in order to observe the fluorescence of the atoms, one of the three beams of excitation light with a wavelength of 894nm and a light intensity stabilized below 20uW and orthogonal to each other is overlapped so that the excitation light and the cesium atom D1 line are aligned
The fluorescence radiated by cesium atoms is collected by the aspherical mirror 5, the first lens 8 and the second lens 9 and reflected by the polarization beam splitter prism to the interference filter 1 with the transmissivity of one hundred thousand and the bandwidth of less than 2nm4, the modulated light enters a multimode fiber 15 with the wavelength of 894nm and the core diameter of 100um, and finally, a fluorescence signal is detected by a single photon detector 16.
Fifthly, by controlling the reflection angle of the scanning galvanometer, the deflection of the laser beam is achieved, so that the movement of a single atom in the dipole trap is realized; and connecting a counter with the single-photon detector for counting statistics to obtain a fluorescence signal diagram of a single atom, and obtaining a statistical distribution diagram of the moving distance, the moving speed and the single-atom fluorescence photon counting rate of the single atom in the optical dipole trap according to the statistical analysis of the fluorescence signal diagram.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the invention realizes the movement of single atom position, and the moving distance of the single atom in the time of 100ms,120ms and 150ms is approximately the same and is about 200 μm. In conclusion, the invention can move a single atom position and has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied space, convenient adjustment and the like. The method can be widely applied to the aspects of single-atom control and measurement and quantum information, and lays a solid foundation for researches such as control of the external degree of freedom of atoms in the optical dipole trap.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A system for moving a single atom position comprises a magneto-optical trap system, wherein the magneto-optical trap system is used for forming an atom trapping region in a vacuum glass gas chamber (1), and is characterized by further comprising a laser (13), a biaxial scanning galvanometer (11), an acousto-optic modulator (12), a polarization beam splitter prism (10), a lens group, a three-dimensional translation stage (7), an interference filter (14), a single photon detector (16) and an aspherical mirror (5), wherein the aspherical mirror (5) is arranged on the side wall of the vacuum glass gas chamber (1); the two 45-degree total-reflection mirrors (6) are arranged on the three-dimensional translation table (7) through a three-dimensional adjusting mirror frame, and laser emitted by the laser (13) sequentially passes through an acousto-optic modulator (12), a biaxial scanning galvanometer (11), a polarization beam splitter prism (10), a lens group, the two 45-degree total-reflection mirrors (6) and an aspherical mirror (5) and then is focused in a vacuum glass air chamber (1) to form a waist spot with the size smaller than 2 mu m; the three-dimensional translation stage (7) is used for adjusting the position of the lumbar spot, enabling the lumbar spot and an atom trapping region formed by the magneto-optical trap system to coincide to form an optical dipole trap and loading a single atom; fluorescence emitted by a single atom in the optical dipole trap is detected by a single photon detector (16) after passing through an aspherical mirror (5), two 45-degree total reflection mirrors (6), a lens group, a polarization beam splitter prism (10) and an interference filter (14) in sequence; the biaxial scanning galvanometer (11) is used for realizing the movement of a single atom in the optical dipole trap by adjusting the deflection angle of laser; the aspherical mirror (5) is fixedly connected with the three-dimensional translation stage (7) through a conduit (17), and the three-dimensional translation stage (7) is used for driving the aspherical mirror (5) and the two 45-degree total reflection mirrors (6) to move through the conduit (17), so that the position of the waist spot is changed to be overlapped with an atom trapping region formed by a magneto-optical trap system.
2. The system for moving the single atomic position according to claim 1, wherein the guide tube (17) is a hollow metal lens cone, one end of the hollow metal lens cone is fixedly connected with the three-dimensional translation stage (7), the other end of the hollow metal lens cone is connected with the vacuum glass gas chamber (1) through a flange, and the aspherical mirror (5) is hermetically arranged at the end of the guide tube (17).
3. A system for moving a single atomic position according to claim 1, characterized in that said lens group is arranged on said three-dimensional translation stage (7).
4. A system for moving the position of a single atom as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interference filter (14) has a bandwidth of less than 2nm and a central wavelength equal to the atomic fluorescence wavelength.
5. A system for moving the position of a single atom according to claim 1, further comprising a multimode optical fiber (15) arranged between the polarizing beam splitter prism (10) and the single photon detector (16), said multimode optical fiber (15) being adapted to collect the fluorescence light and send it to said single photon detector (16);
the lens group comprises a first lens (8) and a second lens (9), and the numerical aperture of the first lens (8) and the numerical aperture of the second lens (9) are 0.29 and the object distance is 36mm.
6. A method for moving a single atomic position, which is implemented by the system for moving a single atomic position according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, forming an atom trapping region in a vacuum glass air chamber (1) through a magneto-optical trap system;
s2, adjusting the angle and the position of a 45-degree total reflection mirror (6) through a three-dimensional adjusting mirror frame, and adjusting the position of a waist spot formed in a vacuum glass air chamber (1) by the laser output by a laser (13) in an XY plane, so that the waist spot is preliminarily coincided with an atom capture area, wherein the XY plane is a plane vertical to the propagation direction of a light beam; then, the three-dimensional space position of a waist spot formed in a vacuum glass air chamber (1) by the laser output by a laser (13) is adjusted by driving a three-dimensional translation stage (7), so that the waist spot and an atom trapping region are completely overlapped to form an optical dipole trap, and a single atom is trapped in the optical dipole trap;
s3, controlling the reflection angle of the scanning galvanometer (11) to realize the deflection of the laser beam, thereby realizing the movement of a single atom in the optical dipole trap; and connecting a counter with the single photon detector for counting and counting to obtain a fluorescence signal diagram of a single atom, and obtaining a statistical distribution diagram of the moving distance, the moving speed and the single atom fluorescence photon counting rate of the single atom in the optical dipole trap according to the statistical analysis of the fluorescence signal diagram.
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