CN106646738A - Photon and microwave quantum state converter - Google Patents
Photon and microwave quantum state converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646738A CN106646738A CN201710030124.8A CN201710030124A CN106646738A CN 106646738 A CN106646738 A CN 106646738A CN 201710030124 A CN201710030124 A CN 201710030124A CN 106646738 A CN106646738 A CN 106646738A
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- microwave
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- lenticule
- waveguide
- quantum state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/13—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B6/136—Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method by etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/14—Mode converters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
- G02B2006/12102—Lens
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of quantum information and discloses a photon and microwave quantum state converter which can help solve a problem that a conventional converter is complex in structure, difficult in manufacturing and assembling operation and low in stability. The photon and microwave quantum state converter comprises a silicon substrate layer and a microwave coplanar waveguide; an optical waveguide, a support rack, a lanthanum aluminate substrate layer and a microlens are arranged on the silicon substrate layer; the microlens is used for converting light output from the optical waveguide to parallel light, the microwave coplanar waveguide is arranged on the lanthanum aluminate substrate layer, a homogeneous rod is mounted on the support rack, and one side of the homogeneous rod is provided with a reflecting face used for reflecting the parallel light which is converted via the microlens; the microlens is mounted on a part, positioned between the optical waveguide and the reflecting face, of the silicon substrate layer; the microlens and the reflecting face of the homogeneous rod form a resonant cavity; the other side, opposite to the reflecting face, of the homogeneous rod is provided with a metal face, and the metal face and a central conductor of the microwave coplanar waveguide form an adjustable capacitor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to quantum information technology field, and in particular to a kind of photon and microwave quantum state converter.
Background technology
Developing rapidly recently as quantum information technology, the various applications based on quantum effect are continued to bring out.Quantum
Radar is considered the developing direction of next Generation Radar, and quantum radar carries out long-range detection, entangling using photon using light quantum
The characteristic such as twine and improve its detection, identification and resolution capability.But because photon is propagated in an atmosphere by Atmospheric Absorption, refraction etc.
The impact of unfavorable factor, substantially reduces the propagation distance of light, and what conventional radar was then subject to by the use of microwave as detection means
Affect less, so to improve the operating distance of quantum radar it is desirable also to using microwave as detection means.
Maxwell proposes that the essence of light is electromagnetic wave, and not only there is substantive glazing fluctuation also to have corpuscular property, i.e. light
There is duality principle.The energy that single photon has is E=h ν, and momentum is that (wherein c is the speed of photon to p=h ν/c, and ν is light
Sub- frequency, h represents Planck's constant).Each photon collision produces momentum, i.e. object and produces elastic force to photon to body surface
Effect.According to Newton's third law, the effect that object is also under pressure.
When light irradiation is in body surface, it is assumed that per second to have N number of photon to bump against in the unit area of body surface.If light
Son vertically bumps against body surface and, direction change constant with the constant speed bounce-back of size, that is, the momentum size of photon, often
The momentum change of individual photon is P=2h ν/c, and the radiation pressure that now body surface is subject to is 2Np (i.e. 2Nh ν/c).According to optical pressure amount
It is sub theoretical, light can be calculated to body surface pressure applied size.
Light action is very faint in the radiation pressure that macroscopic view or be situated between sees body surface, and people utilize (or micro- by resonant cavity
Chamber) enhanced light field is so as to improving optical pressure effect；That is, introducing light stress effect in chamber.Light makes light by optical pressure effect
Chamber mechanical oscillation, the mechanical oscillation of optical cavity can change the electric capacity of LC oscillating circuits, and then the microwave of modulated microwave oscillating circuit
Frequency.Conversion between light and microwave is used as intermediate medium to realize by mechanical resonant chamber.
The more commonly used at present has the following two kinds for the converter between light and microwave：
The first, converter includes 2 electromagnetic resonators, and a light frequency a, microwave frequency shares a machinery humorous
Shake device.Mechanical resonator is made up of a film, can free oscillation.Optical frequency resonator includes a Fabry-Perot chamber, film vibration
And modulate optical cavity resonant frequency.Film is partially electronically conductive and constitutes a part for electric capacity in the inductive circuit of microwave resonator.Because thin
Film free vibration, it is possible to the electric capacity of modulated microwave circuit, and then modulating resonance frequency.
Second, the two niobium ball mirror surfaces carefully polished by the process being placed in parallel constitute a Fabry Perot chamber, the left side
Hysteroscope maintain static, the hysteroscope of right-hand member can move freely.When a branch of classical Laser Driven chamber field, chamber field is stimulated, photon
Back and forth movement is done in chamber, is impinged upon in the moveable mirror of the right, the effect that mirror surfaces produce radiation pressure is caused removable
Index glass deviates equilbrium position.The change of hysteroscope position makes to be changed by the molecular electric capacity of mirror on the right, and then changes whole micro-
The resonant frequency of wave circuit.
But this converter make use of Fabry-Perot-type cavity, Fabry-Perot-type cavity to have many shortcomings：Complex structure,
Involve great expense, volume is big, be difficult to assembling and stability is low, and Fabry-Perot-type cavity is difficult to miniaturization, and these reasons are led
It is caused to be difficult to business application, and optical cavity and microwave cavity are difficult to integrated, and therefore develop can be with integrated, little
The converter of type is exactly a kind of inexorable trend.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the complex structure of existing converter presence, preparation is difficult, be difficult to assembling and stability is low
Problem, and a kind of photon and microwave quantum state converter are provided, integrated, the miniaturization of waveguide resonant cavity, tool can be realized
The characteristics of having low cost of manufacture, can realize scale.
To solve technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of photon and microwave quantum state converter, including layer-of-substrate silicon and microwave coplanar waveguide, in the layer-of-substrate silicon
Fiber waveguide, support, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer and the lenticule for the light exported from fiber waveguide to be converted into directional light are provided with,
The microwave coplanar waveguide is arranged on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer；Matter bar is installed, the side of the matter bar is provided with the support
For by the reflecting surface that reflected of directional light Jing after lenticule conversion, the lenticule be arranged on fiber waveguide and reflecting surface it
Between layer-of-substrate silicon on, the reflecting surface of lenticule and matter bar forms resonator；With reflecting surface back to matter bar opposite side arrange
There is metal covering, the metal covering forms tunable capacitor with the center conductor of microwave coplanar waveguide.
The lenticular size is between 400-800 μm.
The lenticule is made by photoetching using monocrystalline silicon with reactive ion beam etching.
The quality of the matter bar is between 10ng-100ng.
The microwave coplanar waveguide is also including the co-planar waveguide ground plane of centrally disposed conductor both sides.
The microwave coplanar waveguide is prepared on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer using yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO).
The fiber waveguide is SOI ridge optical waveguides.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
The photon that the present invention is provided and microwave quantum state converter, including layer-of-substrate silicon and microwave coplanar waveguide, the silicon
Be provided with substrate layer fiber waveguide, support, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer and for by from fiber waveguide export light be converted into directional light
Lenticule, the microwave coplanar waveguide is arranged on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer；Matter bar is installed on the support, the matter bar
Side is provided with for by the reflecting surface that reflected of directional light Jing after lenticule conversion, the lenticule be arranged on fiber waveguide with
In layer-of-substrate silicon between reflecting surface, lenticule forms resonator with the reflecting surface of matter bar；With reflecting surface back to matter bar it is another
Side is provided with metal covering, and the metal covering forms tunable capacitor with the center conductor of microwave coplanar waveguide.The work of the present invention
Principle is：The light for being exported fiber waveguide using lenticule is assembled, and lenticule and matter bar composition resonator is made, using light in resonator
In come and go the optical pressure effect that reflection is produced, vibrate matter bar, and then change the electric capacity of matter bar and microwave coplanar waveguide composition, so as to
Modulated microwave frequency, realizes the conversion between photon and microwave quantum state.A kind of new resonator proposed by the present invention, lenticule
With the size and quality of matter bar respectively μm, ng magnitudes, it is achieved thereby that the miniaturization of resonator；Lenticule of the present invention can lead to
Cross monocrystalline silicon is carried out photoetching with reactive ion beam etching technique is made, fiber waveguide is made in layer-of-substrate silicon, the coplanar ripple of microwave
Lead prepared on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer using superconduction yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO), matter bar by mount in layer-of-substrate silicon, make
It is of the invention with degree of integration it is high the characteristics of；The technology of preparing comparative maturity of fiber waveguide, microwave coplanar waveguide, lenticule, matter
Bar manufacturing cost is also than relatively low；Therefore compared to prior art, the present invention has simple structure, miniaturization, degree of integration height, system
The characteristics of making low cost, facilitates implementation scale making.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cooperation schematic diagram of the lenticule, matter bar and microwave coplanar waveguide of the present invention；
Mark in figure：1st, layer-of-substrate silicon, 2, fiber waveguide, 3, lenticule, 4, reflecting surface, 5, metal covering, 6, matter bar, 7,
Frame, 8, center conductor, 9, co-planar waveguide ground plane, 10, microwave coplanar waveguide, 11, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, and described embodiment is only a present invention part
Embodiment, is not whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art is not making
Other embodiments used obtained under the premise of creative work, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The photon provided with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention and microwave quantum state converter, including layer-of-substrate silicon 1 and the coplanar ripple of microwave
10 are led, fiber waveguide 2, support 7, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer 11 and for deriving from fiber waveguide 2 are provided with the layer-of-substrate silicon 1
Light be converted into the lenticule 3 of directional light, the microwave coplanar waveguide 10 is arranged on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer 11, the support 7
Matter bar 6 is installed, the side of the matter bar 6 is provided with the reflecting surface for the directional light Jing after lenticule 3 is changed to be reflected
4, the lenticule 3 is arranged in the layer-of-substrate silicon 1 between fiber waveguide 2 and reflecting surface 4, the reflecting surface 4 of lenticule 3 and matter bar 6
Form resonator, with reflecting surface 4 back to the opposite side of matter bar 6 be provided with metal covering 5, the metal covering 5 and the coplanar ripple of microwave
The center conductor 8 for leading 10 forms tunable capacitor.
The present invention operation principle be：The light for being exported fiber waveguide using lenticule is assembled, and makes lenticule and matter bar composition
Resonator, using light the optical pressure effect that reflection is produced is come and gone in resonator, vibrates matter bar, changes matter bar and the coplanar ripple of microwave
Lead the electric capacity of composition, the change of electric capacity is that the frequency of LC oscillating circuits changes, so as to modulated microwave frequency, final whole system
System realizes the conversion between light and microwave by this intermediary of resonator.
The lenticule 3 of the present invention is made using monocrystalline silicon by silicon photoetching or reactive ion beam etching etc..Lenticule 3
Yardstick in a μm magnitude, between 400-800 μm, used as a kind of preferred mode of the present invention, the clear aperture of lenticule 3 is
500μm。
The quality of the matter bar 6 of the present invention is ng magnitudes, and quality is between 10ng-100ng
The microwave coplanar waveguide 10 of the present invention is also including the co-planar waveguide ground plane 9 of the both sides of centrally disposed conductor 8.
Used as a kind of preferred mode of the present invention, the fiber waveguide 2 is SOI ridge optical waveguides.
The size and quality of a kind of new resonator proposed by the present invention, lenticule and matter bar respectively μm, ng magnitudes, from
And realize the miniaturization of resonator；Lenticule of the present invention can be by carrying out photoetching or reactive ion beam etching (RIBE) skill to monocrystalline silicon
Art is made, fiber waveguide is made in layer-of-substrate silicon, microwave coplanar waveguide using yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer
Preparation, light weight beam are by mount in layer-of-substrate silicon so that the characteristics of present invention has degree of integration high；It is fiber waveguide, micro-
The technology of preparing comparative maturity of ripple co-planar waveguide, lenticule, matter bar manufacturing cost are also than relatively low；Therefore compared to prior art,
The characteristics of present invention has simple structure, miniaturization, high degree of integration, low cost of manufacture, facilitates implementation scale making.
Embodiment one
The photon of the present embodiment and microwave quantum state converter, including layer-of-substrate silicon and microwave coplanar waveguide, the silicon lining
Be provided with bottom fiber waveguide, support, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer and for by from fiber waveguide export light be converted into directional light
Lenticule, the microwave coplanar waveguide is arranged on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer；Matter bar is installed on the support, the one of the matter bar
Side is provided with for by the reflecting surface that reflected of directional light Jing after lenticule conversion, the lenticule be arranged on fiber waveguide with it is anti-
In the layer-of-substrate silicon penetrated between face, lenticule forms resonator with the reflecting surface of matter bar；With reflecting surface back to matter bar it is another
Side is provided with metal covering, and the metal covering forms tunable capacitor with the center conductor of microwave coplanar waveguide.
Embodiment two
The photon of the present embodiment and microwave quantum state converter, including layer-of-substrate silicon and microwave coplanar waveguide, the silicon lining
Be provided with bottom fiber waveguide, support, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer and for by from fiber waveguide export light be converted into directional light
Lenticule, the microwave coplanar waveguide is arranged on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer；Matter bar is installed on the support, the one of the matter bar
Side is provided with for by the reflecting surface that reflected of directional light Jing after lenticule conversion, the lenticule be arranged on fiber waveguide with it is anti-
In the layer-of-substrate silicon penetrated between face, lenticule forms resonator with the reflecting surface of matter bar；With reflecting surface back to matter bar it is another
Side is provided with metal covering, and the metal covering forms tunable capacitor with the center conductor of microwave coplanar waveguide；The lenticular chi
It is very little between 400-800 μm.
Embodiment three
The photon of the present embodiment and microwave quantum state converter, including layer-of-substrate silicon and microwave coplanar waveguide, the silicon lining
Be provided with bottom fiber waveguide, support, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer and for by from fiber waveguide export light be converted into directional light
Lenticule, the microwave coplanar waveguide is arranged on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer；Matter bar is installed on the support, the one of the matter bar
Side is provided with for by the reflecting surface that reflected of directional light Jing after lenticule conversion, the lenticule be arranged on fiber waveguide with it is anti-
In the layer-of-substrate silicon penetrated between face, lenticule forms resonator with the reflecting surface of matter bar；With reflecting surface back to matter bar it is another
Side is provided with metal covering, and the metal covering forms tunable capacitor with the center conductor of microwave coplanar waveguide；The lenticular chi
It is very little between 400-800 μm；The lenticule is made using monocrystalline silicon by photoengraving or reactive ion beam etching.
Example IV
On the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, the quality of the matter bar is between 10ng-100ng.
Embodiment five
On the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, institute's microwave coplanar waveguide also being total to including centrally disposed conductor both sides
Face waveguide ground plane.
Embodiment six
On the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, the microwave coplanar waveguide is prepared in aluminic acid using yttrium barium copper oxide YBCO
On lanthanum substrate layer.
Embodiment seven
On the basis of any of the above-described embodiment, the fiber waveguide is SOI ridge optical waveguides.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of photon and microwave quantum state converter, it is characterised in that including layer-of-substrate silicon and microwave coplanar waveguide, the silicon
Be provided with substrate layer fiber waveguide, support, lanthanum aluminate substrate layer and for by from fiber waveguide export light be converted into directional light
Lenticule, the microwave coplanar waveguide is arranged on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer；Matter bar is installed on the support, the matter bar
Side is provided with for by the reflecting surface that reflected of directional light Jing after lenticule conversion, the lenticule be arranged on fiber waveguide with
In layer-of-substrate silicon between reflecting surface, lenticule forms resonator with the reflecting surface of matter bar；With reflecting surface back to matter bar it is another
Side is provided with metal covering, and the metal covering forms tunable capacitor with the center conductor of microwave coplanar waveguide.
2. photon according to claim 1 and microwave quantum state converter, it is characterised in that the lenticular size exists
Between 400-800 μm.
3. photon according to claim 2 and microwave quantum state converter, it is characterised in that the lenticule adopts monocrystalline
Silicon is made by photoetching with reactive ion beam etching.
4. photon according to claim 1 and microwave quantum state converter, it is characterised in that the quality of the matter bar exists
Between 10ng-100ng.
5. photon according to claim 1 and microwave quantum state converter, it is characterised in that the microwave coplanar waveguide is also
Including the co-planar waveguide ground plane of centrally disposed conductor both sides.
6. photon according to claim 1 and microwave quantum state converter, it is characterised in that the microwave coplanar waveguide is adopted
Prepared on lanthanum aluminate substrate layer with yttrium barium copper oxide.
7. according to the arbitrary described photon of claim 1-6 and microwave quantum state converter, it is characterised in that the fiber waveguide is
SOI ridge optical waveguides.
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| CN201710030124.8A CN106646738B (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | A kind of photon state and microwave quantum state converter |
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| CN201710030124.8A CN106646738B (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2017-01-16 | A kind of photon state and microwave quantum state converter |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110571630A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-13 | 陕西师范大学 | Microstrip line waveguide-based photon state and microwave quantum state converter and system |
| CN110571629A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-13 | 金华伏安光电科技有限公司 | Capacitance type photon state microwave quantum state regulating and controlling converter and system |
| CN113272695A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-08-17 | 国际商业机器公司 | Waveguide structure for qubit-optical-CMOS integration |
| CN113315627A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-08-27 | 电子科技大学 | Quantum network node design based on optical cavity-waveguide-optical cavity |
| US11657314B1 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2023-05-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Microwave-to-optical quantum transducers |
| US12015185B2 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2024-06-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Quantum transducers with embedded optical resonators |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110535004B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-01-12 | 广东卓柏信息科技有限公司 | Graphene-based photon state to microwave quantum converter and system |
| CN110535006B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2020-12-22 | 温州市懒代贸易有限公司 | Photon state microwave quantum state converter and system based on microwave coplanar waveguide |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113272695A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-08-17 | 国际商业机器公司 | Waveguide structure for qubit-optical-CMOS integration |
| US11730067B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2023-08-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Qubit-optical-CMOS integration using structured substrates |
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| CN113315627A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-08-27 | 电子科技大学 | Quantum network node design based on optical cavity-waveguide-optical cavity |
| US11657314B1 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2023-05-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Microwave-to-optical quantum transducers |
| US12015185B2 (en) | 2021-03-03 | 2024-06-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Quantum transducers with embedded optical resonators |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106646738B (en) | 2019-02-01 |
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