CN112412993A - 一种低压密封长寿命万向节 - Google Patents

一种低压密封长寿命万向节 Download PDF

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CN112412993A
CN112412993A CN202011428330.2A CN202011428330A CN112412993A CN 112412993 A CN112412993 A CN 112412993A CN 202011428330 A CN202011428330 A CN 202011428330A CN 112412993 A CN112412993 A CN 112412993A
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exhaust
oil seal
outer ring
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牛杰
邓海仲
高天芬
董小忠
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Wanxiang Qianchao Co Ltd
Wanxiang Group Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
    • F16C33/7809—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings for needle roller bearings
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
    • F16C37/007—Cooling of bearings of rolling bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/382—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another constructional details of other than the intermediate member
    • F16D3/385—Bearing cup; Bearing construction; Bearing seal; Mounting of bearing on the intermediate member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3204—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip
    • F16J15/3232—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings with at least one lip having two or more lips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/324—Arrangements for lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3248—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings provided with casings or supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C21/00—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C21/005—Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement the external zone of a bearing with rolling members, e.g. needles, being cup-shaped, with or without a separate thrust-bearing disc or ring, e.g. for universal joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
    • F16D2300/02—Overheat protection, i.e. means for protection against overheating
    • F16D2300/021—Cooling features not provided for in group F16D13/72 or F16D25/123, e.g. heat transfer details
    • F16D2300/0212—Air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes
    • F16D3/41—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes with ball or roller bearings

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低压密封长寿命万向节，涉及汽车万向节领域，包括十字轴、油封和外圈，外圈套装在十字轴上，外圈开口处与十字轴轴颈之间设置油封，油封包括横截面呈Z字形的油封骨架和密封唇口，油封骨架与外圈开口端面配合处均匀开设若干排气槽A，油封骨架上与外圈内径配合处均匀开设若干排气槽B，排气槽B与排气槽A互不贯通，被油封骨架上的圆角隔开，外圈开口处设有倒角用于配合排气槽A、排气槽B形成排气通道，供十字轴内部气体排出。本发明通过对万向节密封结构优化设计，可实现在保证轴承密封性的同时又能及时排除轴承内部气体及热量，改善轴承工作环境，延长万向节使用寿命。

Description

一种低压密封长寿命万向节
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车万向节的领域，具体涉及一种低压密封长寿命万向节。
背景技术
万向节是重要的汽车传动部件，其包括十字轴、油封和外圈，此外还有滚针、垫片等功能性部件。万向节工作时，轴承依靠润滑脂提供润滑，降低外圈、滚针和十字轴之间的摩擦，从而保证万向节的使用寿命。密封结构的作用是防止油脂泄漏，保证润滑效果，同时隔绝外部泥水等异物侵入。通过把油封设计成一个或多个唇口与十字轴过盈配合，同时把油封过盈配合压入外圈中，实现轴承与外部的完全密封。而在万向节运行过程中，因轴承摩擦生热导致其内部气体压力升高，气压推动使油封松动或变形，造成密封失效，油脂泄漏。现有技术方案通常是利用弹簧补偿式密封设计提高油封的密封性，还有是在油封唇口增加直径较小的排气孔，使轴承内外气压平衡，避免因气压造成万向节密封结构破坏，保证万向节使用寿命。
例如，中国专利2019205389353公开了一种可排气且无漏油的长寿命万向节，包括外圈与轴承的轴颈之间设置油封，油封设有骨架、排气槽及密封唇口，骨架呈“L”形并与外圈相配合安装，设置在油封底部的密封唇口呈圆形凸出，在油封与十字轴的密封配合面上设置有弧形凹槽，密封唇口与弧形凹槽相互配合形成卡扣式连接，油封内开有连通轴承内部与外界的排气槽，用于将轴承内部产生的气体向外界排出。
例如，中国专利2019207173705公开了一种可呼吸式密封结构的万向节，包括十字轴、防尘罩、油封、轴套、滚针挡圈、滚针、垫片、轴头；油封上设置有呈人字形的外唇口及内唇口，外唇口用于隔离外部环境的灰尘、泥沙等，内唇口靠近滚针用于密封轴承内部；所述内唇口上设置有三条用于排出十字轴内高压气体的排气通道，三条排气通道之间呈120°均匀分布，并在内唇口上呈斜向上的角度，使其口部处于较高的相对位置。
再例如，中国专利2019214206953公开了一种带有组合式排气孔的免维护万向节密封结构，包括总成，总成由十字轴和轴承组成，轴承由轴套、油封、滚针、防尘罩和垫片组成，轴套与防尘罩相互配合连接，并一同套接在十字轴上，轴套的开口处与十字轴之间设有油封，轴套的底部与十字轴之间设有垫片，油封与垫片之间设有滚针，油封上设有排气通道，所述油封上设有3层唇口，两个靠近内侧的唇口上各设有三个排气通道。
上述现有技术方案主要存在以下缺陷：
1、在油封唇口上开直径较小的排气孔，因唇口为弹性橡胶材料，很难精确开出符合要求的孔，并且模具比较复杂，工艺上实现困难，加工成本较高；
2、万向节运行过程中，十字轴轴径表面与油封唇口挤压，容易造成唇口排气孔形状变化或堵塞，影响排气功能，违背设计初衷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足，而提供一种低压密封长寿命万向节，解决现有十字轴万向节轴承排气孔制造困难、内部气体无法排出导致内部温度及压强持续升高，导致油封漏油失效，从而降低万向节使用寿命的问题。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案来完成的：这种低压密封长寿命万向节，包括十字轴、油封和外圈，所述外圈套装在十字轴上，外圈开口处与十字轴轴颈之间设置油封，所述油封包括横截面呈Z字形的油封骨架和密封唇口，该油封骨架与外圈开口端面配合处均匀开设若干排气槽A，油封骨架上与外圈内径配合处均匀开设若干排气槽B，排气槽B与排气槽A互不贯通，被油封骨架上的圆角隔开，外圈开口处设有倒角用于配合排气槽A、排气槽B形成排气通道，供十字轴内部气体排出；紧贴油封骨架设置的密封唇口与十字轴轴颈连接密封。
作为优选的技术方案，所述排气槽A与排气槽B的数量相等，且位置一一对应并相互垂直。
作为优选的技术方案，所述排气槽A与排气槽B之间错开一定角度布置，通过配合外圈开口处的倒角形成迷宫型排气通道。
作为优选的技术方案，所述排气槽A和排气槽B为弧形凹槽。
作为优选的技术方案，所述排气槽A与排气槽B延伸至油封骨架的圆角切点处。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、油封骨架上设计可排气机构，能够有效释放轴承内部工作时产生的气体压力，保证密封结构的稳定性；相对于油封唇口开孔，该设计加工简单，成本较低，且排气孔不易变形，排气稳定；
2、利用骨架排气的同时能降低轴承摩擦生热，进一步降低轴承内部压力，提高万向节的使用寿命；
3、排气孔的设计利用了气体与液体不同的流相及粘性张力差异，既能有效防止油脂泄漏，又能保证气体排出；
4、巧妙地利用了外圈口部斜倒角与油封骨架的配合，把排气孔设计成两段非贯通凹槽，避免在倒角处开槽，方便生产冲压等成形工艺，能够有效提高模具寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为图1中A区域的局部放大示意图。
图3为实施例1中油封骨架的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：十字轴1、油封2、排气槽A21、排气槽B22、油封骨架23、密封唇口24、外圈3。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明做详细的介绍：
实施例1：如附图1所示，这种低压密封长寿命万向节，包括十字轴1、油封2和外圈3，所述外圈3套装在十字轴1上，外圈3开口处与十字轴1轴颈之间设置油封2。如附图2所示，油封2包括油封骨架23(横截面呈Z字形)和密封唇口24，该油封骨架23与外圈3开口端面配合处均匀开设若干排气槽A21，油封骨架23上与外圈3内径配合处均匀开设若干排气槽B22，排气槽B22与排气槽A21互不贯通，被油封骨架23上的圆角隔开(即排气槽B22与排气槽A21均只延伸至圆角切点处)，排气槽A21和排气槽B22为弧形凹槽。外圈3开口处设有倒角用于配合排气槽A21、排气槽B22形成排气通道，供十字轴1内部气体排出；紧贴油封骨架23设置的密封唇口24与十字轴1轴颈连接密封。
如附图3所示，排气槽A21与排气槽B22的数量相等，且位置一一对应并相互垂直。优选地，排气槽A21及排气槽B22的开槽尺寸极小，满足气体可通过标准，但具有一定粘性的润滑油脂不易从槽中排出，起到排气储油的目的。
实施例2：与实施例1不同之处在于，所述排气槽A21与排气槽B22之间错开一定角度布置，通过配合外圈3开口处的倒角形成迷宫结构的排气通道。
本发明的工作原理：在万向节运行过程中，因轴承摩擦生热导致其内部气体压力升高，如图2所示，此时气体先通过排气槽B22，再进入外圈3开口的倒角处，然后通过排气槽A21排出万向节，从而降低轴承内部压力。同时，排气槽的设计利用了气体与液体不同的流相及粘性张力差异，既能有效防止润滑油脂泄漏，又能保证气体排出。另外，两端非贯通式的凹槽设计，可避免在油封骨架23的倒角处开槽，方便生产冲压等成形工艺，能够有效提高模具寿命。
本发明通过对万向节密封结构优化设计，可实现在保证轴承密封性的同时又能及时排除轴承内部气体及热量，改善轴承工作环境，延长万向节使用寿命。所设计万向节轴承排气结构方便生产加工，能够有效降低轴承开设排气孔的成本，且对油封的唇口结构无影响，能够保证唇口的密封效果。
可以理解的是，对本领域技术人员来说，对本发明的技术方案及发明构思加以等同替换或改变都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种低压密封长寿命万向节，包括十字轴(1)、油封(2)和外圈(3)，所述外圈(3)套装在十字轴(1)上，外圈(3)开口处与十字轴(1)轴颈之间设置油封(2)，其特征在于：所述油封(2)包括横截面呈Z字形的油封骨架(23)和密封唇口(24)，该油封骨架(23)与外圈(3)开口端面配合处均匀开设若干排气槽A(21)，油封骨架(23)上与外圈(3)内径配合处均匀开设若干排气槽B(22)，排气槽B(22)与排气槽A(21)互不贯通，被油封骨架(23)上的圆角隔开，外圈(3)开口处设有倒角用于配合排气槽A(21)、排气槽B(22)形成排气通道，供十字轴(1)内部气体排出；紧贴油封骨架(23)设置的密封唇口(24)与十字轴(1)轴颈连接密封。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低压密封长寿命万向节，其特征在于：所述排气槽A(21)与排气槽B(22)的数量相等，且位置一一对应并相互垂直。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低压密封长寿命万向节，其特征在于：所述排气槽A(21)与排气槽B(22)之间错开一定角度布置，通过配合外圈(3)开口处的倒角形成迷宫型排气通道。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的低压密封长寿命万向节，其特征在于：所述排气槽A(21)和排气槽B(22)为弧形凹槽。
5.根据权利要求4所述的低压密封长寿命万向节，其特征在于：所述排气槽A(21)与排气槽B(22)延伸至油封骨架(23)的圆角切点处。
CN202011428330.2A 2020-12-09 2020-12-09 一种低压密封长寿命万向节 Pending CN112412993A (zh)

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CN116857292B (zh) * 2023-09-05 2023-11-24 万向钱潮股份公司 一种万向节精密轴承

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