CN112408544A

CN112408544A - Emulsified wastewater deoiling and purifying device based on special wetting material

Info

Publication number: CN112408544A
Application number: CN202011320502.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴云
Original assignee: Chongqing Technology and Business University
Current assignee: Chongqing Technology and Business University
Priority date: 2020-11-23
Filing date: 2020-11-23
Publication date: 2021-02-26

Abstract

The invention discloses an emulsified wastewater purification and deoiling device based on super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic and super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic special infiltration surface characteristic materials, which takes super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic sponge and super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic screen net film as core separation parts, the sponge and the screen net film are arranged outside a centrifugal cyclone separation tank, emulsified oil drops positioned outside the cyclone can be easily infiltrated and spread on the surface of the super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic screen net film and captured by super-oleophilic sponge by utilizing the centrifugal force, thereby realizing the demulsification and separation of emulsified wastewater and leading the emulsified wastewater to be deoiled and purified. The deoiling and purifying device has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simple treatment process, no need of using an adsorbent and a demulsifier, low secondary pollution, low treatment cost, high treatment efficiency, strong adaptability and the like, can solve the problems of the existing demulsification technology, and has wide application prospect.

Description

Emulsified wastewater deoiling and purifying device based on special wetting material

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of purification treatment of emulsified wastewater containing oil, and relates to a separation device for quickly demulsifying, deoiling and purifying emulsified wastewater.

Background

Although the traditional separation technologies such as sedimentation, adsorption, centrifugation, vacuum separation, cyclone separation and the like can well separate non-emulsion oily wastewater, under many circumstances, oil in the oily wastewater does not exist in a free form, but forms stable O/W type dispersed phase droplets under the action of interface active substances such as organic acid, organic alcohol and the like, and because of the existence of a surrounding interface film, the interface transfer behavior of the oil droplets is seriously hindered, so that the traditional separation means is difficult to separate and purify the emulsified wastewater. Therefore, demulsification and deoiling of emulsified wastewater is a difficult problem to solve in the field of oily wastewater treatment for a long time.

The chemical demulsifying substance can quickly adsorb or partially replace natural interface active substances forming an oil-water interface film to form a mixed film with lower strength than the original interface film, so that the interface film is damaged, and the demulsifying process is completed. However, the fact that the chemical demulsifier is difficult to recover and recycle in the using process is well known at present, and the chemical demulsifier is usually discharged to the environment along with sewage, which not only causes high demulsification cost, but also causes serious secondary pollution problem. Although biological demulsification and electric demulsification technologies are continuously developed in recent years, the practical application effect is still not ideal.

The appearance of novel special surface characteristic material of infiltrating makes the quick breakdown of emulsion purification that realizes the emulsion through the physical means become possible, through reasonable technical means, can not only make emulsified waste water deoiling purify, can also avoid using in a large number of chemical demulsifier, reduces secondary pollution and discharges, reduces processing unit and treatment cost simultaneously. However, so far, there are still few emulsion breaking and deoiling devices for emulsified wastewater based on special wetting surface property materials, which can be practically applied, because there is no comprehensive solution for solving the emulsion breaking and deoiling problems of emulsified wastewater by using special wetting surface property materials.

Aiming at solving the problem of demulsification and deoiling of emulsified waste water, the invention creatively combines a super-hydrophilic/super-hydrophilic oil screen membrane with super-hydrophobic/super-lipophilic sponge aiming at the defects of the prior emulsified waste water demulsification and purification technology, and skillfully utilizes the centrifugal separation principle to construct a brand-new emulsified wastewater demulsification, deoiling, purification and separation device, so that the emulsified wastewater can be quickly demulsified, deoiled and purified through simple physical treatment, the purification efficiency of the emulsified wastewater is greatly improved, the problem of emulsion breaking and purification of emulsion which cannot be solved by the traditional oil-water separation technology is solved, the defects of complex treatment unit, low treatment efficiency, high treatment cost, poor adaptability of a demulsifier, large secondary pollution and the like of the traditional oil-water separation technology are overcome, and the novel special infiltration surface characteristic material can be really applied to the actual water treatment engineering.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects and problems of the prior art in the field of emulsion breaking, purification and separation of emulsified wastewater, the invention constructs a special wetting surface characteristic material emulsion breaking, purification and separation device based on a super-hydrophilic/super-lipophilic screen membrane and a super-hydrophobic/super-lipophilic sponge, and the device has the characteristics of low manufacturing cost, simple treatment, high operation efficiency, strong adaptability, low treatment cost, less secondary pollution and the like, is very suitable for emulsion breaking and purification of emulsified wastewater, and can possibly solve the problems of the conventional emulsion breaking and deoiling technology once the device is popularized and implemented, thereby generating good economic and social benefits.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: (1) the surface microscopic appearance and the infiltration characteristic of the stainless steel screen are transformed by adopting a chemical surface treatment technology, and the stainless steel screen is made into a screen membrane with the super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic special surface infiltration characteristic, which is used as a core treatment part of the emulsified wastewater treatment device. (2) The melamine sponge is soaked in octadecyl trichlorosilane for surface treatment, and the sponge with the special surface infiltration characteristic of super-hydrophobic/super-oleophylic sponge is obtained and is used as a core treatment component of the emulsified wastewater treatment device. (3) A cylindrical centrifugal separation device is constructed and consists of an oil inlet, a centrifugal pump, a spiral stirrer, a super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic screen membrane layer, a super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic sponge layer, a sponge extrusion plate, a water outlet, an oil outlet and the like. (4) Because the disperse phase oil drop of emulsification waste water is lighter than water, therefore under the centrifugal force effect that the rotation produced, can distribute more in the outside of whirl, and water is then more distributed in the inside of whirl, when the disperse phase oil drop that distributes in the outside contacts super hydrophilic/super lipophilic screen membrane, the disperse phase oil drop can be soaked rapidly and spread on screen membrane surface, lead to the destruction of dispersion steady state, oil and water can pass through the screen membrane simultaneously, and continue to contact with super hydrophobic/super lipophilic sponge, oil can be caught by super lipophilic sponge, and water is blocked, after emulsification waste water separates for a period of time in the device cyclone, oil in the emulsification waste water can be caught and clear away by super lipophilic sponge gradually. (5) After emulsification waste water becomes clarification gradually, the delivery port is opened to the device, and the clear water after the purification flows from the delivery port, uses a period of time after the lipophilic sponge, and the sponge stripper plate extrudees the sponge, and the oil that extrudes flows from the oil-out, through above-mentioned processing back, emulsification waste water can obtain comparatively complete purification, and the purification rate can reach more than 98%.

The invention has the main technical characteristics that: (1) compared with the existing emulsion breaking and purifying technology for emulsified wastewater, the emulsion breaking and purifying process can be completed at one time, the number of treatment units is small, and the equipment investment and the treatment cost are lower than those of the conventional treatment method. (2) The special interface characteristics of the high-performance oil-water separation material to water and oil are fully utilized to achieve the purposes of rapid demulsification and oil-water separation, the separation effect is obvious, the treatment efficiency is high (3) the demulsification purification separation device for emulsified wastewater constructed by the invention does not need raw materials such as a demulsifier, an adsorbent and the like which cause environmental pollution and increase the treatment cost, the whole treatment process is clean and environment-friendly, the adaptability is strong, and the device can be used for treating various emulsified wastewater, thereby well solving the technical bottleneck problem of the prior oil-water separation technology.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are referred to in fig. 1.

The centrifugal pump 1 drives the paddle 2 to rotate, so that emulsification in the device rotates, dispersed phase oil drops are soaked and spread after contacting the surface of the super-oleophylic/super-hydrophilic screen mesh, and continuously contact with the super-oleophylic/super-hydrophobic sponge 4 through the screen mesh under the action of centrifugal force, oil is gradually captured by the sponge in the contact process, water is blocked, and the oil is gradually clear.

Detailed Description

1. Dipping a 304 stainless steel screen mesh with the aperture of 0.1mm in a solution consisting of 1M copper chloride and 1M hydrochloric acid for 16s, standing, airing in the air, washing with deionized water, and airing to obtain the stainless steel screen mesh with the super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic surface infiltration characteristic;

2. dipping melamine sponge in octadecyl trichlorosilane for surface treatment for 24h to obtain sponge with special surface infiltration characteristic of super-hydrophobic/super-oleophylic sponge;

3. respectively installing a super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic screen membrane and super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic sponge at positions close to the cylinder wall in an inside-to-outside sequence;

4. the centrifugal pump and the rotating paddle are positioned in the center of the cylindrical device to ensure that the rotating centrifugal force uniformly drives the fluid to rotate;

5. annular sponge stripper plate is located the cylindric device top, at ordinary times with the sponge contactless, intermittent type nature extrudees the oil extraction to the sponge.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an emulsification waste water purification separator, the technical characterstic of device is:

(1) dipping a 304 stainless steel screen mesh with the aperture of 0.1mm in a solution consisting of 1M copper chloride and 1M hydrochloric acid for 16s, standing, airing in the air, washing with deionized water, and airing to obtain the stainless steel screen mesh with the super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic surface infiltration characteristic;

(2) dipping melamine sponge in octadecyl trichlorosilane for surface treatment for 24h to obtain sponge with special surface infiltration characteristic of super-hydrophobic/super-oleophylic sponge;

(3) respectively installing a super-hydrophilic/super-oleophilic screen membrane and super-hydrophobic/super-oleophilic sponge at positions close to the cylinder wall in an inside-to-outside sequence;

(4) the centrifugal pump and the rotating paddle are positioned in the center of the cylindrical device to ensure that the rotating centrifugal force uniformly drives the fluid to rotate;

(5) annular sponge stripper plate is located the cylindric device top, at ordinary times with the sponge contactless, intermittent type nature extrudees the oil extraction to the sponge.