CN114797177B - Emergency treatment method and equipment for accident transformer oil of ultra-high voltage power station - Google Patents
Emergency treatment method and equipment for accident transformer oil of ultra-high voltage power station Download PDFInfo
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- CN114797177B CN114797177B CN202210351608.3A CN202210351608A CN114797177B CN 114797177 B CN114797177 B CN 114797177B CN 202210351608 A CN202210351608 A CN 202210351608A CN 114797177 B CN114797177 B CN 114797177B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
- B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0217—Separation of non-miscible liquids by centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/12—Auxiliary equipment particularly adapted for use with liquid-separating apparatus, e.g. control circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
Abstract
The invention discloses an emergency treatment method and equipment for accident transformer oil of an ultra-high voltage power station, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection, wherein the method mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting an oil-water mixture leaked to an accident oil pool by using an oil bag; then oil-water separation is carried out on the collected oil-water mixture by using a high molecular corrugated plate, so as to obtain a pretreated oil-water mixture; then oil-water separation is carried out on the pretreated oil-water mixture by an adsorption tank; the adsorption tank adopts chitosan adsorbent; separating impurities such as adsorbent powder by a pressurizing method; and finally discharging the treated wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to an emergency treatment method and equipment for accident transformer oil of an ultra-high voltage power station.
Background
The device is limited by the gravity separation efficiency of oil and water and the structure of an accident oil pool, and in the early investigation, the emission of petroleum and COD in the tail water of part of the accident oil pool of the transformer substation exceeds the standard, and the tail water is directly discharged to a rainwater pipe network, so that the device has environmental hidden trouble. Therefore, an emergency treatment method and equipment for the accident transformer oil of the ultra-high voltage power station are needed at present to solve the problems.
The invention provides an emergency treatment method and equipment for accident transformer oil of an extra-high voltage power station, wherein the invention adopts mobile integrated oily wastewater treatment equipment of an inclined plate oil removal and adsorption process, can treat mixtures with various oil-water ratios, and can directly discharge the wastewater up to the standard. The invention accelerates the adsorption process by the pressurized adsorption tank, and accelerates the whole treatment flow on the premise of ensuring the efficient oil removal capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an emergency treatment method and equipment for accident transformer oil of an extra-high voltage power station, which are used for solving the problems of the prior art in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an emergency treatment method for accident transformer oil of an ultra-high voltage power station mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, collecting an oil-water mixture leaked to an accident oil pool by using an oil bag;
s2: oil-water separation is carried out on the oil-water mixture collected in the step S1 by using a high molecular corrugated plate, so as to obtain a pretreated oil-water mixture;
s3: carrying out oil-water separation on the pretreated oil-water mixture in the step S2 by using an adsorption tank; the adsorption tank adopts chitosan adsorbent; separating impurities such as adsorbent powder by a pressurizing method;
s4: and discharging the treated wastewater.
Preferably, the polymeric corrugated board described in S2 is made of a coalescing material having oleophilic hydrophobicity.
Preferably, the chitosan adsorbent manufacturing process described in S3 includes: a. 10g of chitosan powder was dispersed in 250ml of water, and 5ml of glacial acetic acid was dissolved in 250ml of water to prepare a 2% aqueous glacial acetic acid solution. 250ml of 2% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is added into 1, and stirred until the solution is transparent, wherein the solution can be properly heated during stirring for about 1 to 2 hours to obtain 2% chitosan; adding 2.5g of 25% glycerol, then putting into a refrigerator, freezing for 5-6h, adding a freeze dryer, freeze-drying, ultrasonically cleaning in an ultrasonic device, taking out the sponge after cleaning, immersing the sponge into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously ultrasonically cleaning, and drying after cleaning;
b. primary hydrophobic modification treatment: adding polymethylhydrosiloxane and vinyl triethoxysilane into a solvent of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring the mixed solution, adding the sponge pretreated in the step a into the mixed solution, repeatedly compressing and expanding, taking out after 2-4 hours, and performing heat treatment at 40-60 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain a primary hydrophobic modified sponge-Yi-le;
c. adding tetrapropoxy silane and diethyl diethoxy silane into an ethanol-water solution with the pH value of 8-9 for hydrolysis reaction for a period of time to obtain a modified liquid, then adding the primary hydrophobic modified sponge obtained in the step b into the modified liquid, repeatedly compressing and expanding the sponge, taking out the sponge after 2-4 hours, and finally placing the sponge in a baking oven with the temperature of 100 ℃ for curing.
Preferably, the sewage treatment device comprises an adsorption tank, wherein the adsorption tank comprises a barrel body, a hollow rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the center shaft of the barrel body, the upper end of the rotating shaft is a water inlet, a rotating plate for driving sewage to rotate is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft, and a barrier-shaped through hole is formed in the circumferential side wall of the rotating shaft; the barrel body is divided into a centrifugal pressurizing area, a chitosan adsorption area and a drainage area from inside to outside along the radial direction of the rotating shaft; the chitosan adsorption area is used for placing chitosan adsorbent, and the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the chitosan adsorption area are formed by fine cotton filter screen partition plates; the drainage area is provided with a drainage outlet communicated with the outside, and a sand filtering layer is arranged in the drainage area; cotton cellulose is arranged in the rotating shaft.
Preferably, a sliding bottom plate is arranged in the chitosan adsorption area, and is vertically and slidably arranged on the side wall of the chitosan adsorption area, and a discharge hole is formed in the sliding bottom plate; a compression spring is arranged between the sliding bottom plate and the bottom end of the chitosan adsorption zone along the sliding direction of the sliding bottom plate; the utility model discloses a discharge gate, including the axis of rotation, the discharge gate department is provided with the discharge gate, is provided with the closure board that is used for opening, seals the discharge gate in the discharge gate, and the lateral wall that the discharge gate is close to axis of rotation one side still is provided with the actuating lever that is used for driving the closure lever to open the discharge gate outward, be provided with between actuating lever and the staving and open the spring, actuating lever and discharge gate sliding connection, when closure board and actuating lever contact, open spring drive actuating lever and open the discharge gate.
Preferably, a screw rod is further arranged in the chitosan adsorption zone, and the screw rod is used for transferring chitosan at the bottom of the chitosan to the upper end; the screw rod is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the barrel body and is in sliding connection with the sliding bottom plate; the bottom fixed mounting of hob has the synchronizing wheel, the synchronizing wheel passes through the hold-in range with the axis of rotation and is connected.
Preferably, the upper end of the barrel body is also provided with a feeding bin, and the bottom surface of the feeding bin is provided with a feeding port communicated with the chitosan adsorption area; a feeding plate for opening and closing the feeding hole is arranged at the feeding hole; a driving ring for driving the sealing rod to close the discharge hole is arranged outside the side wall of the discharge channel, which is far away from the rotating shaft, and the driving ring is connected with a feeding plate at the upper end of the barrel body through a connecting rod; the feeding port is provided with a flow sensor, and the connecting rod is provided with a driving cylinder for driving the connecting rod to move along the radial direction of the barrel body.
Preferably, a switching assembly is further arranged on the bottom surface of the barrel body and used for tensioning the synchronous belt when the discharging hole is not opened by the sealing plate, and loosening the synchronous belt when the discharging hole is opened by the sealing plate.
Preferably, the switching assembly comprises a tensioning rod for tensioning the synchronous belt, the tensioning rod is slidably arranged in a sliding groove on the bottom surface of the barrel body, and the sliding groove is radially arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the barrel body; an isosceles trapezoid block is also slidably arranged on the bottom surface of the barrel body, and slides along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the barrel body; the shorter bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid block is arranged close to the rotating shaft; the tensioning rod is connected with the waist surface of the isosceles trapezoid block in a sliding manner; the isosceles trapezoid block is connected with the driving rod, and when the driving rod drives the sealing plate to open the discharge hole, the driving rod drives the isosceles trapezoid block to slide towards the outer side of the barrel body; the driving rod is arranged on the bottom surface of the barrel body in a sliding way along the radial direction of the barrel body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the mobile integrated oily wastewater treatment equipment of the inclined plate oil removal and adsorption process, can treat mixtures with various oil-water ratios, and can directly discharge the wastewater up to the standard. The invention accelerates the adsorption process by the pressurized adsorption tank, and accelerates the whole treatment flow on the premise of ensuring the efficient oil removal capability.
2. The adsorption tank of the invention is subjected to centrifugal pressurization and then adsorption after the injection of the oil-water mixture. The centrifugal pressurization can further improve the flow speed and accelerate the whole treatment process, and because the density of oil and water is different, the oil and the water can be separated by the centrifugal pressurization, the oil is more easily adsorbed after being separated and gathered, and the oil removing capability is further improved while the adsorption process is accelerated. In addition, the sewage rotates in the adsorption tube by centrifugal pressurization, and is fully contacted and adsorbed with the chitosan adsorbent, so that the oil removal effect is ensured.
3. The rotating shaft drives the synchronous wheel to rotate through the synchronous belt, so as to drive the spiral rod, and the spiral rod transports the adsorbent at the bottom to the top to fall while stirring the adsorbent in the chitosan adsorption area, thereby ensuring uniform adsorption. When the discharging hole is closed, the switching component transmits the power of the rotating shaft to the screw rod to rotate, so that the power source is saved; when the discharge hole is opened, the power transmission is cut off, so that the screw rod stops rotating, and the influence on the replacement of the adsorbent is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a transformer oil-water mixture separating device of an accident oil pool of a transformer;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of an emergency treatment method for accident transformer oil of an extra-high voltage power station;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the canister according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the bottom surface of the canister according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view of portion A of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the canister in half-section;
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic illustration of portion B of FIG. 6 in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the top of the canister of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the bottom end of the canister in half-section.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
11-barrel, 12-rotation shaft, 13-water inlet, 14-rotation plate, 15-through hole, 16-centrifugal pressurizing area, 17-chitosan adsorbing area, 18-drainage area, 19-fine cotton filter screen partition, 20-drainage port, 21-sliding bottom plate, 22-discharge port, 23-compression spring, 24-discharge channel, 25-closing plate, 26-driving rod, 27-opening spring, 31-spiral rod, 32-synchronous wheel, 33-synchronous belt, 41-tensioning rod, 42-sliding groove, 43-isosceles trapezoid block, 51-feeding bin, 52-feeding port, 53-feeding plate, 54-driving ring, 55-connecting rod and 56-driving cylinder.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, an emergency treatment method for accident transformer oil of an extra-high voltage power station mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, collecting an oil-water mixture leaked to an accident oil pool by using an oil bag;
s2: oil-water separation is carried out on the oil-water mixture collected in the step S1 by using a high molecular corrugated plate, so as to obtain a pretreated oil-water mixture;
s3: carrying out oil-water separation on the pretreated oil-water mixture in the step S2 by using an adsorption tank; the adsorption tank adopts chitosan adsorbent; separating impurities such as adsorbent powder by a pressurizing method;
s4: and discharging the treated wastewater.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the invention adopts the movable integrated oily wastewater treatment equipment of the inclined plate oil removal and adsorption process, can treat mixtures with various oil-water ratios, and can directly discharge the wastewater up to the standard. The invention accelerates the adsorption process by the pressurized adsorption tank, and accelerates the whole treatment flow on the premise of ensuring the efficient oil removal capability.
Preferably, the polymeric corrugated board described in S2 is made of a coalescing material having oleophilic hydrophobicity. The corrugated plate oil removal principle mainly utilizes the specific gravity difference of oil and water to enable oil droplets to float and collect at the wave crest of the plate for separation and removal, and the corrugated plate is manufactured into a variable-interval variable-water flow line by means of the shallow Chi sedimentation principle, the water flow section is changed, and the water flow is in a diffusion and shrinkage state to alternately flow, so that pulsating (sinusoidal) water flow is generated, collision probability between the oil droplets is increased, the small oil droplets are promoted to be enlarged, the floating speed of the oil droplets is accelerated, and the purpose of oil-water separation is achieved; as corrugated board, a coalescing material with oleophilic hydrophobicity is used. Because the corrugated plate material is oleophilic, a layer of oil film is formed on the surface of the corrugated plate, the oil film is thickened gradually, after oil beads with a certain size are formed by means of the surface tension of oil, the oil beads fall off under the gravity of the oil beads and the impact force of water flow, float upwards along with the water flow through the oil floating holes at the wave crest, meanwhile, the corrugated plate increases the coalescence surface area, prolongs the residence time of oil water, enables the oil particles to be fully coalesced, and enhances the oil removing effect.
Preferably, the chitosan adsorbent manufacturing process described in S3 includes: a. 10g of chitosan powder was dispersed in 250ml of water, and 5ml of glacial acetic acid was dissolved in 250ml of water to prepare a 2% aqueous glacial acetic acid solution. 250ml of 2% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution is added into 1, and stirred until the solution is transparent, wherein the solution can be properly heated during stirring for about 1 to 2 hours to obtain 2% chitosan; adding 2.5g of 25% glycerol, then putting into a refrigerator, freezing for 5-6h, adding a freeze dryer, freeze-drying, ultrasonically cleaning in an ultrasonic device, taking out the sponge after cleaning, immersing the sponge into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously ultrasonically cleaning, and drying after cleaning;
b. primary hydrophobic modification treatment: adding polymethylhydrosiloxane and vinyl triethoxysilane into a solvent of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring the mixed solution, adding the sponge pretreated in the step a into the mixed solution, repeatedly compressing and expanding, taking out after 2-4 hours, and performing heat treatment at 40-60 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain a primary hydrophobic modified sponge-Yi-le;
c. adding tetrapropoxy silane and diethyl diethoxy silane into an ethanol-water solution with the pH value of 8-9 for hydrolysis reaction for a period of time to obtain a modified liquid, then adding the primary hydrophobic modified sponge obtained in the step b into the modified liquid, repeatedly compressing and expanding the sponge, taking out the sponge after 2-4 hours, and finally placing the sponge in a baking oven with the temperature of 100 ℃ for curing. The chitosan resin is used as an adsorbent material in an adsorption tank, and the suspension chitosan-stearic acid compound has oil absorption performance due to a large number of lipophilic agent groups, so that the oil absorption material is easy to degrade and is a novel environment-friendly oil spill treatment material.
Preferably, the sewage treatment device comprises an adsorption tank, wherein the adsorption tank comprises a barrel body 11, a hollow rotating shaft 12 is rotatably arranged at the center shaft of the barrel body 11, the upper end of the rotating shaft 12 is provided with a water inlet 13, the lower end of the rotating shaft 12 is fixedly provided with a rotating plate 14 for driving sewage to rotate, and the circumferential side wall of the rotating shaft 12 is provided with a grating-shaped through hole 15; the barrel body 11 is divided into a centrifugal pressurizing area 16, a chitosan adsorbing area 17 and a drainage area 18 from inside to outside along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 12; the chitosan adsorption area 17 is used for placing chitosan adsorbent, and the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the chitosan adsorption area are formed by fine cotton filter screen partition plates 19; a water outlet 20 is arranged on the water drainage area 18 and communicated with the outside, and a sand filtering layer is arranged in the water drainage area 18; cotton cellulose is disposed in the rotating shaft 12.
The adsorption tank is used for adsorbing fine filter cotton when the pretreated oil-water mixture is treated, so as to preliminarily remove a small amount of oil left in the sewage; deeply adsorbing with kapok fiber to deeply and effectively remove organic compounds such as COD in water, so that sewage reaches the standard; finally, the chitosan is adsorbed once by using the stearin to ensure the content of water and oil which are less than 5 ppm. As shown in fig. 1, the present invention uses a supercharger to pressurize and inject the pretreated oil-water mixture into an adsorption tank. The adsorption tank adopted by the invention is used for centrifugally pressurizing the injected oil-water mixture and then adsorbing the oil-water mixture. The centrifugal pressurization can further improve the flow rate, and because the density of oil and water is different, the oil and water can be separated by the centrifugal pressurization, the oil is more easily adsorbed after being separated and gathered, and the oil removing capability is further improved while the adsorption process is accelerated. Specific working principles are as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the pretreated sewage is pressurized and introduced into the rotating shaft 12 of the adsorption tank from the water inlet 13, the sewage entering the rotating shaft 12 is filtered by cotton fibers to remove organic compounds such as COD and the like in the water, and enters the centrifugal pressurizing area 16 in the adsorption tank through the grating-shaped through holes 15 on the circumferential side wall of the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 continuously rotates under external power, and the rotating plate 14 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft also rotates and drives sewage falling on the rotating shaft to start rotating. Under the action of centrifugation, oil and water can be separated, and small molecular oil is converged into oil drops on the inner side, so that the cotton fiber water can be adsorbed for removing oil; and water containing a small amount of oil is thrown out, enters the chitosan adsorption area 17 through the fine cotton filter baffle plate, is adsorbed once by chitosan, enters the drainage area 18 outside the adsorption tank after ensuring the water and oil content of less than 5ppm, and finally is discharged through the water outlet 20 after being filtered by the sand filter layer in the drainage area 18, thus completing the emergency treatment of sewage. In addition, the centrifugal pressurization adopted by the invention enables sewage to rotate in the adsorption tube, and fully contacts and adsorbs the chitosan adsorbent to ensure the oil removal effect.
Preferably, a sliding bottom plate 21 is arranged in the chitosan adsorption region 17, the sliding bottom plate 21 is vertically and slidably arranged on the side wall of the chitosan adsorption region 17, and a discharge hole 22 is formed in the sliding bottom plate 21; a compression spring 23 is arranged between the sliding bottom plate 21 and the bottom end of the chitosan adsorption area 17 along the sliding direction of the sliding bottom plate 21; the discharge port 22 is provided with a discharge channel 24, a closing plate 25 for opening and closing the discharge port 22 is arranged in the discharge channel 24, a driving rod 26 for driving the closing rod to open the discharge port 22 is arranged outside the side wall of the discharge channel 24, which is close to one side of the rotating shaft 12, an opening spring 27 is arranged between the driving rod 26 and the barrel 11, the driving rod 26 is slidably connected with the discharge channel 24, and when the closing plate 25 contacts with the driving rod 26, the opening spring 27 drives the driving rod 26 to open the discharge port 22.
When the adsorbent in the chitosan adsorption zone 17 may be saturated after a long time of operation, the oil removing ability is lowered, so the present invention can automatically discharge the saturated adsorbent in the chitosan adsorption zone 17. As shown in fig. 7, during the long-time operation, the chitosan adsorbent is saturated in oil absorption gradually, and the overall mass is increased gradually, so that the gravity applied to the sliding bottom plate 21 is increased gradually, the sliding bottom plate 21 slides down continuously, and the driving spring is pressed. As shown in fig. 7, the discharge port 22 on the slide base 21 is originally closed by the closing plate 25. When the sliding bottom plate 21 slides downwards, the discharging channel 24 at the discharging hole 22 descends along with the sliding bottom plate 21, and at the moment, the end part of the driving rod 26 and the outer side surface of the discharging channel 24 slide relatively; when the chitosan adsorbent absorbs oil gradually, the sliding bottom plate 21 and the discharging channel 24 descend to a certain height, at the moment, the driving rod 26 is in contact with the sealing plate 25, and the driving rod 26 presses the sealing plate 25 under the restoring force of the opening spring 27, so that the sealing plate 25 opens the discharging hole 22; the now saturated adsorbent is removed from outlet 22. In the process of unloading, although the gravity borne by the sliding bottom plate 21 is reduced, the compression spring 23 has a restoring force driven upwards, because the sealing plate 25 opens the discharge hole 22 and is dislocated with the discharge channel 24, the sealing plate 25 can be clamped on the bottom surface of the barrel 11 at the moment, so that the sliding bottom plate 21 cannot move upwards, and the unloading is continuously carried out until the unloading is completed.
Preferably, a screw rod 31 is further disposed in the chitosan adsorption zone 17, and the screw rod 31 is used for transferring chitosan at the bottom of the chitosan to the upper end; the screw rod 31 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the barrel 11 and is slidably connected with the sliding bottom plate 21; the bottom end of the screw rod 31 is fixedly provided with a synchronizing wheel 32, and the synchronizing wheel 32 is connected with the rotating shaft 12 through a synchronizing belt 33.
The adsorbent in the chitosan adsorption zone 17 of the present invention may have more bottom adsorption, less top adsorption and uneven adsorption during adsorption. The invention can stir the adsorbent in the chitosan adsorption zone 17 uniformly, and transfer the adsorbent at the bottom to the top so that the whole chitosan adsorption zone 17 is adsorbed uniformly. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rotating shaft 12 of the present invention drives the synchronizing wheel 32 to rotate through the synchronizing belt 33, so as to drive the screw rod 31, and the screw rod 31 transports the adsorbent at the bottom to the top to fall while stirring the adsorbent in the chitosan adsorption zone 17, thereby ensuring uniform adsorption.
Preferably, the upper end of the barrel body 11 is also provided with a feeding bin 51, and the bottom surface of the feeding bin 51 is provided with a feeding port 52 communicated with the chitosan adsorption region 17; a feeding plate 53 for opening and closing the feeding port 52 is arranged at the feeding port 52; a driving ring 54 for driving the closing rod to close the discharge hole 22 is arranged outside the side wall of the discharge channel 24 far away from the rotating shaft 12, and the driving ring 54 is connected with a feeding plate 53 at the upper end of the barrel 11 through a connecting rod 55; the feed port 52 is provided with a flow sensor, and the connecting rod 55 is provided with a driving cylinder 56 for driving the connecting rod 55 to move along the radial direction of the barrel 11.
The invention can synchronously feed the material while discharging, and can complete the replacement of the adsorbent under the condition of no shutdown. As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 8, the present invention starts discharging when the closing plate 25 opens the discharge port 22. At this time, the closing plate 25 moves outward to open, so that the driving ring 54 located outside the closing plate is driven, the driving ring 54 moves outward, and the feeding plate 53 located at the upper end of the adsorption tank is driven by the connecting rod 55 to move outward, so that the feeding port 52 in the feeding bin 51 is opened to feed materials. At this time, the bottom of the chitosan adsorption zone 17 is unloaded, and the top is fed. Since the flow sensor is provided at the feed port 52, the driving cylinder 56 drives the connecting rod 55 to move inward when a predetermined flow rate is reached. At this time, the feeding plate 53 closes the feeding port 52, and stops feeding; the driving ring 54 drives the sealing plate 25 to reseal the discharge hole 22, and the discharge is stopped; the blocking of the closing plate 25 is lost, the sliding bottom plate 21 integrally moves upwards to reset under the restoring force of the compression spring 23, the replacement of the adsorbent is completed under the condition of no shutdown, the shutdown is avoided, and the oil removal efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the tub 11 is further provided with a switching assembly for tensioning the timing belt 33 when the closing plate 25 does not open the discharge port 22, and releasing the timing belt 33 when the closing plate 25 opens the discharge port 22.
Preferably, the switching assembly comprises a tensioning lever 41 for tensioning the timing belt 33, the tensioning lever 41 is slidably mounted in a sliding groove 42 on the bottom surface of the tub 11, and the sliding groove 42 is radially arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the tub 11; an isosceles trapezoid block 43 is also slidably arranged on the bottom surface of the barrel body 11, and the isosceles trapezoid block 43 slides along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the barrel body 11; the shorter bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid block 43 is arranged close to the rotating shaft 12; the tensioning rod 41 is in sliding connection with the waist surface of the isosceles trapezoid block 43; the isosceles trapezoid block 43 is connected with the driving rod 26, and when the driving rod 26 drives the closing plate 25 to open the discharge hole 22, the driving rod 26 drives the isosceles trapezoid block 43 to slide towards the outer side of the barrel 11; the driving rod 26 is slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the tub 11 along the radial direction of the tub 11.
In the present invention, when the adsorbent is replaced, the feeding at the upper end and the discharging at the bottom end are simultaneously performed, and at this time, the screw rod 31 is required to stop rotating, and the upward feeding of the adsorbent is stopped. As shown in fig. 5, when the closing plate 25 does not open the discharge port 22, the tension lever 41 tensions the timing belt 33 under the pressing of the isosceles trapezoid block 43. When the closing plate 25 opens the discharge port 22 by the driving rod 26, the driving rod 26 moves outward in the radial direction of the tub 11 by the driving force of the opening spring 27, and the closing plate 25 is driven to open the discharge port 22. The driving rod 26 drives the isosceles trapezoid block 43 to move outwards together when moving, at this time, under the extrusion of the tensioned synchronous belt 33, the tensioning rod 41 slides relatively in the sliding groove 42, so that the synchronous belt 33 loses the tensioning force, and thus the synchronous belt 33 is loosened and cannot transmit torque to the synchronous wheel 32, so that the spiral rod 31 stops rotating. When the closing plate 25 closes the discharge hole 22 again under the action of the driving ring 54, the closing plate 25 presses the driving rod 26 to reset, the driving rod 26 drives the isosceles trapezoid block 43 to reset, the tensioning rod 41 is pressed to move away from each other, at this time, the tensioning rod 41 tightens the synchronous belt 33, the synchronous belt 33 transmits torque to the synchronous wheel 32, and the spiral rod 31 rotates.
Claims (5)
1. An emergency treatment device for accident transformer oil of an extra-high voltage power station is characterized in that: the sewage treatment device comprises an adsorption tank, wherein the adsorption tank comprises a barrel body (11), a hollow rotating shaft (12) is rotatably arranged at the center shaft of the barrel body (11), a water inlet (13) is formed in the upper end of the rotating shaft (12), a rotating plate (14) for driving sewage to rotate is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft (12), and barrier-shaped through holes (15) are formed in the circumferential side wall of the rotating shaft (12); the barrel body (11) is divided into a centrifugal pressurizing area (16), a chitosan adsorbing area (17) and a drainage area (18) from inside to outside along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (12); the chitosan adsorption area (17) is used for placing a chitosan adsorbent with hydrophobic and oleophilic properties, and the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the chitosan adsorption area are formed by fine cotton filter screen partition plates (19); a water outlet (20) is arranged on the water drainage area (18) and communicated with the outside, and a sand filtering layer is arranged in the water drainage area (18); cotton cellulose is arranged in the rotating shaft (12);
a sliding bottom plate (21) is arranged in the chitosan adsorption region (17), the sliding bottom plate (21) is vertically and slidably arranged on the side wall of the chitosan adsorption region (17), and a discharge hole (22) is formed in the sliding bottom plate (21); a compression spring (23) is arranged between the sliding bottom plate (21) and the bottom end of the chitosan adsorption zone (17) along the sliding direction of the sliding bottom plate (21); the discharging device is characterized in that a discharging channel (24) is arranged at the discharging port (22), a sealing plate (25) for opening and sealing the discharging port (22) is arranged in the discharging channel (24), a driving rod (26) for driving the sealing rod to open the discharging port (22) is further arranged outside the side wall, close to one side of the rotating shaft (12), of the discharging channel (24), an opening spring (27) is arranged between the driving rod (26) and the barrel body (11), the driving rod (26) is in sliding connection with the discharging channel (24), and when the sealing plate (25) is in contact with the driving rod (26), the opening spring (27) drives the driving rod (26) to open the discharging port (22);
a screw rod (31) is further arranged in the chitosan adsorption region (17), and the screw rod (31) is used for transferring chitosan at the bottom of the chitosan adsorption region (17) to the upper end; the screw rod (31) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the barrel body (11) and is in sliding connection with the sliding bottom plate (21); the bottom end of the screw rod (31) is fixedly provided with a synchronizing wheel (32), and the synchronizing wheel (32) is connected with the rotating shaft (12) through a synchronizing belt (33).
2. The emergency treatment device for the accident transformer oil of the ultra-high voltage power station according to claim 1, wherein the emergency treatment device comprises the following components: the upper end of the barrel body (11) is also provided with a feeding bin (51), and the bottom surface of the feeding bin (51) is provided with a feeding port (52) which is communicated with the chitosan adsorption area (17); a feeding plate (53) for opening and closing the feeding hole (52) is arranged at the feeding hole (52); a driving ring (54) for driving the sealing rod to close the discharge hole (22) is arranged outside the side wall of the discharge channel (24) far away from one side of the rotating shaft (12), and the driving ring (54) is connected with a feeding plate (53) at the upper end of the barrel body (11) through a connecting rod (55); the feeding port (52) is provided with a flow sensor, and the connecting rod (55) is provided with a driving cylinder (56) for driving the connecting rod (55) to move along the radial direction of the barrel body (11).
3. The emergency treatment device for the accident transformer oil of the ultra-high voltage power station according to claim 2, wherein the emergency treatment device comprises the following components: the bottom surface of staving (11) still is provided with the switching component, switching component is used for tensioning hold-in range (33) when closing board (25) does not open discharge gate (22), loosens hold-in range (33) when closing board (25) open discharge gate (22).
4. An emergency treatment device for accident transformer oil of an ultra-high voltage power station according to claim 3, characterized in that: the switching assembly comprises a tensioning rod (41) for tensioning the synchronous belt (33), the tensioning rod (41) is slidably arranged in a sliding groove (42) on the bottom surface of the barrel body (11), and the sliding groove (42) is radially arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface of the barrel body (11); an isosceles trapezoid block (43) is also slidably arranged on the bottom surface of the barrel body (11), and the isosceles trapezoid block (43) slides along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the barrel body (11); the shorter bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid block (43) is arranged close to the rotating shaft (12); the tensioning rod (41) is in sliding connection with the waist surface of the isosceles trapezoid block (43); the isosceles trapezoid block (43) is connected with the driving rod (26), and when the driving rod (26) drives the sealing plate (25) to open the discharge hole (22), the driving rod (26) drives the isosceles trapezoid block (43) to slide towards the outer side of the barrel body (11); the driving rod (26) is arranged on the bottom surface of the barrel body (11) in a sliding way along the radial direction of the barrel body (11).
5. An emergency treatment method for transformer oil of an accident of an extra-high voltage power station, which is suitable for the emergency treatment equipment of any one of the claims 1-4, and is characterized in that: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, collecting an oil-water mixture leaked to an accident oil pool by using an oil bag;
s2: oil-water separation is carried out on the oil-water mixture collected in the step S1 by using a high molecular corrugated plate, so as to obtain a pretreated oil-water mixture;
s3: carrying out oil-water separation on the pretreated oil-water mixture in the step S2 by using an adsorption tank; the adsorption tank adopts chitosan adsorbent; separating the adsorbent powder impurities by a pressurizing method;
s4: discharging the treated wastewater;
wherein the macromolecular corrugated plate in the S2 is made of a coalescent material with oleophilic hydrophobicity;
wherein the chitosan adsorbent manufacturing process in S3 comprises:
a. dispersing 10g of chitosan powder in 250ml of water, and dissolving 5ml of glacial acetic acid in 250ml of water to prepare 2% glacial acetic acid water solution; adding 250ml of 2% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution into the prepared 250ml of chitosan powder solution, stirring to be transparent, and heating in stirring for 1-2h to obtain 2% chitosan; adding 2.5g of 25% glycerol, then putting into a refrigerator, freezing for 5-6h, adding a freeze dryer, freeze-drying, ultrasonically cleaning in an ultrasonic device, taking out the sponge after cleaning, immersing the sponge into absolute ethyl alcohol, continuously ultrasonically cleaning, and drying after cleaning;
b. primary hydrophobic modification treatment: adding polymethylhydrosiloxane and vinyl triethoxysilane into a solvent of absolute ethyl alcohol, fully stirring the mixed solution, adding the sponge pretreated in the step a into the mixed solution, repeatedly compressing and expanding, taking out after 2-4 hours, and performing heat treatment at 40-60 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain a primary hydrophobic modified sponge;
c. adding tetrapropoxy silane and diethyl diethoxy silane into an ethanol-water solution with the pH value of 8-9 for hydrolysis reaction for a period of time to obtain a modified liquid, then adding the primary hydrophobic modified sponge obtained in the step b into the modified liquid, repeatedly compressing and expanding the sponge, taking out the sponge after 2-4 hours, and finally placing the sponge in a baking oven with the temperature of 100 ℃ for curing.
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